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It’s the act, process or means of bringing people of different or diverse cultures, religion, race, tribe, occupation
and social status into forming one nation.
Importance of national integration.
Enhances conditions favourable for peace and prosperity.
Promotes national unity.
Promotes the achievement of rapid economic and development.
Eliminates and reduces inter-community conflicts and suspicions.
Enhances nationalism and patriotism.
Creates favourable investment conditions that attract foreign investment.
National unity.
It refers to a nation that is fully fused into one, or integrated where every member or citizen has a sense of
belonging.
Factors promoting national unity.
The national language.
National philosophies like socialism, harambee and nyayoism.
National symbols like anthem, coat of arms and public seal.
Social and economic interaction.
Fair distribution of resources.
Education.
Government institutions like judiciary, the legislature and executive.
National days and events like mashujaa day, jamhuri and madaraka day.
Factors limiting national unity.
Religious conflicts.
Ethnicity.
Racial intolerance.
Corruption.
Divisive politics.
Economic inequality.
Cultural conflicts.
Conflicts resolution.
Conflict means serious disagreement between people resulting from each opposing views or interest like armed
struggle.
Conflict resolution is the working out of a settlement to defuse or solve a conflict.
Causes of conflicts.
Political causes.
Differences among political parties over ideology or policies.
Failure to uphold the laws of a country.
Denial of citizens’ rights.
Improper conduct of election.
Border disputes between countries.
Economic causes.
Un-equal allocation of economic resources.
Disputes over natural resources.
Differences between employers and workers.
Differences over trading policies, e.g. tariffs among nations.
Failure to adhere to contractual obligations.
Social cause.
Religious differences among people.
Cultural intolerance between communities.
Influx of refugees from neighbouring countries leading to pressure on resources.
Mistrust between family and community members.
Tribalism, nepotism and racism within a nation.
Categories of conflicts.
Individual against individuals.
Individual against the state.
Communities against communities.
State against state.