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General Biology 1
Quarter 2 Module 2
Photosynthesis: ATP & ADP Cycle and Pigments

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 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region VII, Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS
City of Naga, Cebu

GRADE 11 ADM LEARNING RESOURCE

GENERAL BIOLOGY 1
(Quarter 2 – Week 2)

What I Need To Know

ATP is one of the most important compounds inside a cell because it is the energy
transport molecule. ATP (Adenosine TriPhosphate) is considered a transporter of
energy because when one of the phosphate groups is broken off, turning it into
Adenosine DiPhosphate (the Tri means 3 phosphate groups, the Di means 2
phosphate groups). When a phosphate breaks off, through chemical reactions in a
cell, energy is released which the plant uses for cellular processes and to power
many energy-requiring cellular reactions.
https://www.bealsscience.com/post/2015/02/26/photosynthesis-atp-and-adp-cycle

Plants, on the other hand, are experts at capturing light energy and using it to make
sugars through a process called photosynthesis. This process begins with the
absorption of light by specialized organic molecules, called pigments, that are found
in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Here, we’ll consider light as a form of energy, and
we'll also see how pigments – such as the chlorophylls that make plants green –

absorb that energy. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/photosynthesis-in-

plants/the-light-dependent-reactions-of-photosynthesis/a/light-and-photosynthetic-pigments

Learning Objectives:
In this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain coupled reaction processes and describe the role of ATP in energy
coupling and transfer
2. Explain the importance of chlorophyll and other pigments

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What I Know
(based on https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/quizreport.php?title=cell-respiration-
cycle-test)
1.Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) is a(n)_____ level energy molecule in the scheme

of A. high B. low C. medium D.lowest

2.Complete the following chemical reaction:  ADP + Pi + Energy -> _____?

A. ATP B. ATP-Pi C. ATP+ Pi D. AMP

3.When 1 ADP molecule gains one phosphate it is called?

A. ATP B. ATP-Pi C. ATP+ Pi D. AMP

4.Which group is removed first during the conversion of ATP to ADP?

A. Lot of energy B. Some Energy C. Ribose D. little bit of energy

5.Complete the following chemical reaction as it relates to Adenosine Triphosphate. 

ATP ----> ADP + ____ + Pi
A. Energy B. NADPH C. Ribulose Biphosphate D. Ribose

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6.Animals and plants uses ATP - ADP cycle to carry out cellular respiration.
A. TRUE B. FALSE C. slightly correct D. none of these
7.Please observe the molecule attached to this question.  How many Nitrogen atoms
are seen?

A. 5 B. 1 C.3 D.7
8.What is the name of the green structure in the Adenosine Triphosphate molecule?

A.Adenine b. Phosphate group c. carbonate d. nitrogenous

9.How many hydrogen atoms are found in the ATP molecule.
A. 10 B. 5 C.3 D.13
10.Two phosphate groups can be added to one ADP molecule.
A. TRUE B. FALSE C. slightly correct D. none of these
11.How many phosphate groups are found in one molecule of ATP?
A. 3 B. 5 C.10 D.13
12.How many phosphate groups are found in the Adenosine Monophosphate
molecule? (Please enter a number from 0 to 20 for your answer)

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A. 1 B. 5 C.3 D.13

13.Please identify the low energy molecule?

A. ATP B. ADP C. Pi (inorganic sugar) D.AMP
14.What is the name of this energy molecule?

A. ADP B. ATP C. Pi (inorganic sugar) D.AMP

15.An Adenosine triphosphate molecule contains three phosphate radicals,

ribose sugar, and _____.

A. adenine b. thymine C. Uracil d. Guanine

What’s In
1. What composes the ATP? How does ATP fuel the cellular processes?
describe the role of ATP in energy coupling and transfer. On the other hand,
What is the relationship of ATP and ADP cycle to photosynthesis? What is the
importance of chlorophyll and other pigments.?

What’s New!

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Activity 1: ATP-ADP Cycle

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What Is it!
Structure of Adenosine triphosphate
https://www.bealsscience.com/post/2015/02/26/photosynthesis-atp-and-adp-cycle).

A single molecule of ATP contains 10 carbon, 16 hydrogen, 5 nitrogen, 13

oxygen and 3 phosphorus atoms. The formula of ATP is C 1 0 H 1 6 N 5 O 1 3 P 3 . 
Three phosphate groups are attached to the assembly of adenosine.
The maximum bond energy (7 kcal per mole approx.) is present between
second and third phosphate groups.   Two covalent bonds also called as
phosphoanhydride bonds are present between phosphate groups. These
bonds give out energy useful for carrying out various biological functions
in living cells. These two phosphoanhydride bonds are written as  adenosine–
p~p~p or A–p~p~p,
Where,
A is adenosine
p stands for a phosphate group
~ denotes a high-energy bond

When a phosphate breaks off, through chemical reactions in a cell, energy is

released which the plant uses for cellular processes. The lower energy Adenosine
DiPhosphate (ADP) is then re-energized during photosynthesis as the phosphate
group is re-attached, thus completing the cycle of ATP to ADP to ATP.
https://www.bealsscience.com/post/2015/02/26/photosynthesis-atp-and-adp-cycle).

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https://www.studyandscore.com/studymaterial-detail/atp-cycle-structure-and-role-of-
atp-in-biological-reactions

https://slideplayer.com/slide/9488865/

Energy Transfer and Coupling

( https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/cellular-energetics/cellular-energy/a/atp-
and-reaction-coupling)

A cell can be thought of as a small, bustling town. Carrier proteins move substances
into and out of the cell, motor proteins carry cargoes along microtubule tracks, and
metabolic enzymes busily break down and build up macromolecules.

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Even if they would not be energetically favorable (energy-releasing, or exergonic) in
isolation, these processes will continue merrily along if there is energy available to
power them (much as business will continue to be done in a town as long as there is
money flowing in). However, if the energy runs out, the reactions will grind to a halt,
and the cell will begin to die.

Energetically unfavorable reactions are “paid for” by linked, energetically favorable

reactions that release energy. Often, the "payment" reaction involves one particular
small molecule: adenosine triphosphate, or ATP.

ATP structure and hydrolysis

Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is a small, relatively simple molecule. It can be

thought of as the main energy currency of cells, much as money is the main
economic currency of human societies. The energy released by hydrolysis
(breakdown) of ATP is used to power many energy-requiring cellular reactions.

Structure of ATP. At the center of the molecule lies a sugar (ribose), with the base
adenine attached to one side and a string of three phosphates attached to the other.
The phosphate group closest to the ribose sugar is called the alpha phosphate
group; the one in the middle of the chain is the beta phosphate group; and the one at
the end is the gamma phosphate group.

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Image credit: OpenStax Biology.

Structurally, ATP is an RNA nucleotide that bears a chain of three phosphates. At

the center of the molecule lies a five-carbon sugar, ribose, which is attached to the
nitrogenous base adenine and to the chain of three phosphates.

The three phosphate groups, in order of closest to furthest from the ribose sugar, are
labeled alpha, beta, and gamma. ATP is made unstable by the three adjacent
negative charges in its phosphate tail, which "want" very badly to get further away
from each other. The bonds between the phosphate groups are
called phosphoanhydride bonds, and you may hear them referred to as “high-
energy” bonds.

Hydrolysis of ATP

Why are the phosphoanhydride bonds considered high-energy? All this really means
is that an appreciable amount of energy is released when one of these bonds is
broken in a hydrolysis (water-mediated breakdown) reaction. ATP is hydrolyzed to
ADP in the following reaction:

ATP + H2O ⇋ ADP + Pi+ energy

Note: {Pi} just stand for an inorganic phosphate group (PO3-4).

Like most chemical reactions, the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is reversible. The
reverse reaction, which regenerates ATP from ADP .

Regeneration of ATP is important because cells tend to use up (hydrolyze) ATP

molecules very quickly and rely on replacement ATP being constantly produced.

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Image of the ATP cycle. ATP is like a charged battery, while ADP is like a dead
battery. ATP can be hydrolyzed to ADP and Pi by the addition of water, releasing
energy. ADP can be "recharged" to form ATP by the addition of energy, combining
with Pi in a process that releases a molecule of water.

You can think of ATP and ADP as being sort of like the charged and uncharged
forms of a rechargeable battery (as shown above). ATP, the charged battery, has
energy that can be used to power cellular reactions. Once the energy has been used
up, the uncharged battery (ADP) must be recharged before it can again be used as a
power source. The ATP regeneration reaction is just the reverse of the hydrolysis
reaction:

energy+ ADP + Pi ⇋ATP+ H2O

[Doesn't ADP still have a high-energy bond?]

We’ve mentioned that a bunch of free energy is released during ATP hydrolysis, but
just how much are we talking? ∆G for the hydrolysis of one mole of ATP into ADP
and 

Pi is -7.3kcal/mol(-30.5kj/mol) under standard conditions (M concentration of all

molecules, 250 C, and pH=7.0). That’s not bad, but things get more impressive under
non-standard conditions: ∆G for the hydrolysis of one mole of ATP in a living cell is
almost double the value at standard conditions, around -14kcal/mol(-57 kJ/mol)

Reaction coupling

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How is the energy released by ATP hydrolysis used to power other reactions in a
cell? In most cases, cells use a strategy called reaction coupling, in which an
energetically favorable reaction (like ATP hydrolysis) is directly linked with an
energetically unfavorable (endergonic) reaction. The linking often happens through
a shared intermediate, meaning that a product of one reaction is “picked up” and
used as a reactant in the second reaction.

When two reactions are coupled, they can be added together to give an overall
reaction, and the ΔG of this reaction will be the sum of the ΔG values of the
individual reactions. As long as the overall ΔG is negative, both reactions can take
place. Even a very endergonic reaction can occur if it is paired with a very exergonic
one (such as hydrolysis of ATP). For instance, we can add up a pair of generic
reactions coupled by a shared intermediate, B, as follows:

A⇋ B ΔG=X

+ B⇋C+D ΔG= Y

A ⇋C ΔG=X+Y

You might notice that the intermediate, B, doesn't appear in the overall coupled
reaction. This is because it appears as a both a product and a reactant, so two Bs
cancel each other out when the reactions are added.

ATP in reaction coupling

When reaction coupling involves ATP, the shared intermediate is often a

phosphorylated molecule (a molecule to which one of the phosphate groups of ATP
has been attached). As an example of how this works, let’s look at the formation of
sucrose, or table sugar, from glucose and fructose 3,4

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 Case study: Let's make sucrose!

The formation of sucrose requires an input of energy: its ΔG is

about +27kJ/mol(under standard condition). ATP hydrolysis has a ΔG around -
30kJ/mol, (under standard conditions), so it can release enough energy to “pay” for
the synthesis of a sucrose molecule:

{glucose }+{fructose}⇋ {sucrose} ΔG=+27kJ

ATP+ H2O⇋ ADP+Pi ΔG=-30kJ

glucose +fructose+ ATP}⇋ {sucrose } + ADP+Pi lΔG=−3kJ/mol

How is the energy released in ATP hydrolysis channeled into the production of a
sucrose molecule? As it turns out, there are actually two reactions that take place,
not just one big reaction, and the product of the first reaction acts as a reactant for
the second.

 In the first reaction, a phosphate group is transferred from ATP to glucose, forming a
phosphorylated glucose intermediate (glucose-P). This is an energetically favorable
(energy-releasing) reaction because ATP is so unstable, i.e., really "wants" to lose its
phosphate group.
 In the second reaction, the glucose-P intermediate reacts with fructose to form
sucrose. Because glucose-P is relatively unstable (thanks to its attached phosphate
group), this reaction also releases energy and is spontaneous.

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 Illustration of reaction coupling using ATP.

In the uncoupled reaction, glucose and fructose combine to form sucrose. This
reaction is thermodynamically unfavorable (requires energy).

When this reaction is coupled to ATP hydrolysis, it can take place, occurring in two
energetically favorable steps. In the first step, a phosphate group is transferred from
ATP to glucose, making the intermediate molecule glucose-P. Glucose-P is reactive
(unstable) and can react with fructose to form sucrose, releasing an inorganic
phosphate in the process.

This example shows how reaction coupling involving ATP can work through
phosphorylation, breaking a reaction down into two energetically favored steps
connected by a phosphorylated (phosphate-bearing) intermediate. This strategy is

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 used in many metabolic pathways in the cell, providing a way for the energy released
by converting ATP to ADP to drive other reactions forward.

Different types of reaction coupling in the cell

The example above shows how ATP hydrolysis can be coupled to a biosynthetic
reaction. However, ATP hydrolysis can also be coupled to other classes of cellular
reactions, such as the shape changes of proteins that transport other molecules into
or out of the cell.

Case study: Sodium-potassium pump

It’s energetically unfavorable to move sodium out of, or potassium into, a typical cell,
because this movement is against the concentration gradients of the ions. ATP
provides energy for the transport of sodium and potassium by way of a membrane-
embedded protein called the sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+ pump).

1. Three sodium ions bind to the sodium-potassium pump, which is open to the interior
of the cell.
2. The pump hydrolyzes ATP, phosphorylating itself (attaching a phosphate group to
itself) and releasing ATP. This phosphorylation event causes a shape change in the
pump, in which it closes off on the inside of the cell and opens up to the exterior of

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 the cell. The three sodium ions are released, and two potassium ions bind to the
interior of the pump.
3. The binding of the potassium ions triggers another shape change in the pump, which
loses its phosphate group and returns to its inward-facing shape. The potassium ions
are released into the interior of the cell, and the pump cycle can begin again.
Image modified from The sodium-potassium exchange pump, by Blausen staff (CC
BY 3.0).

In this process, ATP transfers one of its phosphate groups to the pump protein,
forming ADP and a phosphorylated “intermediate” form of the pump. The
phosphorylated pump is unstable in its original conformation (facing the inside of the
cell), so it becomes more stable by changing shape, opening towards the outside of
the cell and releasing sodium ions outside. When extracellular potassium ions bind
to the phosphorylated pump, they trigger the removal of the phosphate group,
making the protein unstable in its outward-facing form. The protein will then become
more stable by returning to its original shape, releasing the potassium ions inside the
cell.

Although this example involves chemical gradients and protein transporters, the
basic principle is similar to the sucrose example above. ATP hydrolysis is coupled to
a work-requiring (energetically unfavorable) process through formation of an
unstable, phosphorylated intermediate, allowing the process to take place in a series
of steps that are each energetically favorable.

On the other hand, Photosynthetic Pigments. Pigments are colorful

compounds. Discussion is based on: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/photosynthesis-in-
plants/the-light-dependent-reactions-of-photosynthesis/a/light-and-photosynthetic-pigments

Pigments are chemical compounds which reflect only certain wavelengths of visible

light. This makes them appear "colorful". Flowers, corals, and even animal skin
contain pigments which give them their colors. More important than their reflection of
light is the ability of pigments to absorb certain wavelengths.

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The set of wavelengths absorbed by a pigment is its absorption spectrum. In the
diagram below, you can see the absorption spectra of three key pigments in
photosynthesis: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and β-carotene. The set of wavelengths
that a pigment doesn't absorb are reflected, and the reflected light is what we see as
color. For instance, plants appear green to us because they contain many
chlorophyll a and b molecules, which reflect green light.

Each photosynthetic pigment has a set of wavelength that it absorbs, called an

absorption spectrum. Absorption spectra can be depicted by wavelength (nm) on the
x-axis and the degree of light absorption on the y-axis. The absorption spectrum of
chlorophylls includes wavelengths of blue and orange-red light, as is indicated by
their peaks around 450-475 nm and around 650-675 nm. As a note,
chlorophyll a absorbs slightly different wavelengths than chlorophyll b. Chlorophylls
do not absorb wavelengths of green and yellow, which is indicated by a very low
degree of light absorption from about 500 to 600 nm. The absorption spectrum of β-
carotene (a carotenoid pigment) includes violet and blue-green light, as is indicated
by its peaks at around 450 and 475 nm.

Optimal absorption of light occurs at different wavelengths for different pigments.

Image modified from "The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis: Figure 4," by
OpenStax College, Biology (CC BY 3.0)

Most photosynthetic organisms have a variety of different pigments, so they can

absorb energy from a wide range of wavelengths. Here, we'll look at two groups of
pigments that are important in plants: chlorophylls and carotenoids.

Chlorophylls

There are five main types of chlorophylls: chlorophylls a, b, c and d, plus a related

molecule found in prokaryotes called bacteriochlorophyll. In
plants, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are the main photosynthetic pigments.

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Chlorophyll molecules absorb blue and red wavelengths, as shown by the peaks in
the absorption spectra above.

Structurally, chlorophyll molecules include a hydrophobic ("water-fearing") tail that

inserts into the thylakoid membrane and a porphyrin ring head (a circular group of
atoms surrounding a magnesium ion) that absorbs light.

A chlorophyll a molecule has a hydrophobic tail that inserts into the thylakoid

membrane and a porphyrin head that captures light energy.

Image modified from "Chlorophyll-a-2D-skeletal," by Ben Mills (public domain)

Although both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b absorb light, chlorophyll a plays a

unique and crucial role in converting light energy to chemical energy (as you can
explore in the light-dependent reactions article). All photosynthetic plants, algae, and
cyanobacteria contain chlorophyll a, whereas only plants and green algae contain
chlorophyll b, along with a few types of cyanobacteria.

1.The most important being chlorophyll "a". This is the molecule which makes

photosynthesis possible, by passing its energized electrons on to molecules which

will manufacture sugars. All plants, algae, and cyanobacteria which photosynthesize
contain chlorophyll "a".

2.A second kind of chlorophyll is chlorophyll "b", which occurs only in "green
algae" and in the plants.

3.A third form of chlorophyll which is common is (not surprisingly) called chlorophyll
"c", and is found only in the photosynthetic members of the Chromista as well as

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the dinoflagellates. The differences between the chlorophylls of these major groups
was one of the first clues that they were not as closely related as previously thought.

 Carotenoids are usually red, orange, or yellow pigments, and include the familiar
compound carotene, which gives carrots their color. These compounds are
composed of two small six-carbon rings connected by a "chain" of carbon atoms. As
a result, they do not dissolve in water, and must be attached to membranes within
the cell. Carotenoids cannot transfer sunlight energy directly to the photosynthetic
pathway, but must pass their absorbed energy to chlorophyll. For this reason, they
are called accessory pigments. One very visible accessory pigment
is fucoxanthin the brown pigment which colors kelps and other brown algae as well
as the diatoms.

Carotenoids are another key group of pigments that absorb violet and blue-green
light (see spectrum graph above). The brightly colored carotenoids found in fruit—
such as the red of tomato (lycopene), the yellow of corn seeds (zeaxanthin), or the
orange of an orange peel (β-carotene)—are often used as advertisements to attract
animals, which can help disperse the plant's seeds.

In photosynthesis, carotenoids help capture light, but they also have an important
role in getting rid of excess light energy. When a leaf is exposed to full sun, it
receives a huge amount of energy; if that energy is not handled properly, it can
damage the photosynthetic machinery. Carotenoids in chloroplasts help absorb the
excess energy and dissipate it as heat.

Pigments absorb light used in photosynthesis

In photosynthesis, the sun’s energy is converted to chemical energy by

photosynthetic organisms. However, the various wavelengths in sunlight are not all
used equally in photosynthesis. Instead, photosynthetic organisms contain light-
absorbing molecules called pigments that absorb only specific wavelengths of
visible light, while reflecting others.

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Because of the central role of chlorophyll a in photosynthesis, all pigments used in
addition to chlorophyll a are known as accessory pigments—including other
chlorophylls, as well as other classes of pigments like the carotenoids. The use of
accessory pigments allows a broader range of wavelengths to be absorbed, and
thus, more energy to be captured from sunlight.What does it mean for a pigment to
absorb light?

When a pigment absorbs a photon of light, it becomes excited, meaning that it has

extra energy and is no longer in its normal, or ground, state. At a subatomic level,
excitation is when an electron is bumped into a higher-energy orbital that lies further
from the nucleus.

Only a photon with just the right amount of energy to bump an electron between
orbitals can excite a pigment. In fact, this is why different pigments absorb different
wavelengths of light: the "energy gaps" between the orbitals are different in each
pigment, meaning that photons of different wavelengths are needed in each case to
provide an energy boost that matches the gap^44start superscript, 4, end
superscript.

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When a pigment molecule absorbs light, it is raised from a ground state to an excited
state. This means that an electron jumps to a higher-energy orbital ( an orbital that is
further from the nucleus).

Image modified from "Bis2A 06.3 Photophosphorylation: the light reactions of

photosynthesis: Figures 7 and 8," by Mitch Singer (CC BY 4.0).

An excited pigment is unstable, and it has various "options" available for becoming
more stable. For instance, it may transfer either its extra energy or its excited
electron to a neighboring molecule. We'll see how both of these processes work in
the next section: the light-dependent reactions.

Phycobilins are water-soluble pigments, and are therefore found in the cytoplasm,

or in the stroma of the chloroplast. They occur only
in Cyanobacteria and Rhodophyta.

Phycobilins are not only useful to the organisms which use them for soaking up light
energy; they have also found use as research tools. Both pycocyanin and
phycoerythrin fluoresce at a particular wavelength. That is, when they are exposed
to strong light, they absorb the light energy, and release it by emitting light of a very
narrow range of wavelengths. The light produced by this fluorescence is so
distinctive and reliable, that phycobilins may be used as chemical "tags". The
pigments are chemically bonded to antibodies, which are then put into a solution of
cells. When the solution is sprayed as a stream of fine droplets past a laser and
computer sensor, a machine can identify whether the cells in the droplets have been
"tagged" by the antibodies. This has found extensive use in cancer research, for
"tagging" tumor cells.

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What’s More!

Independent Activity 1: ATP_ADP Cycle Breakdown

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 https://www.liveworksheets.com/ct1239586p

Independent Assessment no.1

1. What is the difference of ATP and ADP?

2. Discuss how energy is stored and released?

What I Have Learned

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 1. Explain coupled reaction processes and describe the role of ATP in energy
coupling and transfer
2. Explain the importance of chlorophyll and other pigments

What I Can Do

Make A Leaf Rubbing

Step 1: Place a leaf under a white or cream-colored piece of paper.
Step 2: Color lightly over the place where your leaf is under the paper. Colored
pencils and crayons are great use for a leaf rubbing.
Step 3: You can use one leaf or a variety of leaves on your paper. If able, use
different leaves on the paper and be creative. Different leaves and different colors
add interest. Please, no pencil rubbings.
Step 4:

Make a poem on what you can help as a young leaner and A NAGAHANON in
maintaining and uplifting the Clean and Green Environment Program of the LGU.
(relate it to the no use of plastic in our community)

Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region VII, Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS
CITY OF NAGA, CEBU

GENERAL BIOLOGY 1

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 SECOND Quarter Week 2
Post Assessment

Name _________________________ Section _______________ Date _________

Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer

1.How many phosphate groups are found in one molecule of ATP?

A. 10 B. 5 C.3 D.13
2.ATP is observed in the following cellular respiration cycles except?  
A. Ribosome fermentation
B. Lactic fermentation
C. Glycolysis
D. Alcoholic fermentation
3.What is the prefix that means 3?
A. Tri B. Pent C. tetra D. quad
4.What is the name of this energy molecule?

A. ATP B. ADP C. GTP D.AMP

5.How many phosphate groups are found in the Adenosine Monophosphate
molecule? (Please enter a number from 0 to 20 for your answer)

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A. 1 B. 5 C.3 D.13
6-7.

6.Which energy molecule has the most chemical energy? (refer to the illustration
above)
A.ATP B. ADP C. GTP D. AMP
7.Please identify the low energy molecule? (refer to the illustration above)
B. ATP B. ADP C. Pi (inorganic sugar) D.AMP
8.What is the name of this energy molecule?

B. ADP B. ATP C. Pi (inorganic sugar) D.AMP

9.An Adenosine triphosphate molecule contains three phosphate radicals, ribose

sugar, and _____.

B. adenine b. thymine C. Uracil d. Guanine

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 10. How many oxygen atoms are found in triphosphate group attached to the
adenosine triphosphate molecule found attached to this question?

11. These are chemical compounds which reflect only certain wavelengths of visible
light. This makes them appear "colorful". Flowers, corals, and even animal skin
contain pigments which give them their colors.

A. Pigments B. wavelength C. color D. absorption spectrum 

12.what do you call the set of wavelengths absorbed by a pigment

A. Pigments B. wavelength C. color D. absorption spectrum 

13. This is the molecule which makes photosynthesis possible, by passing its
energized electrons on to molecules which will manufacture sugars.

A. Chlorophyll a B. Chlorophyll B. C. Chlorophyll C d. none of these

14. Photosynthetic organisms contain light-absorbing molecules called pigments that

absorb only specific wavelengths of visible light, while reflecting others.

A. true B. slightly correct C. false D.A or C

15. In plants, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are the main photosynthetic pigments.

Also, Chlorophyll molecules absorb blue and red wavelengths.

A. true B. slightly correct C. false D.A or C

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 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region VII, Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS
CITY OF NAGA, CEBU

Second Quarter Week 2

Answer Key
POST TEST

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 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region VII, Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS
CITY OF NAGA, CEBU

Prepared by:

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 JUDIMA A. SUMAYANG
(Writer)

CARMENCITA B. LOPEZ
Education Program Supervisor in Science
(Content and Language Evaluator / Reviewer)

MERLY J. OMAMBAC
Education Program Supervisor in LRMDS
(Book Design/Format/Layout Evaluator / Reviewer)
Quality Assurance Team

(TA) BENIGNO S. GONZAGA

Division Illustrator
Recommending Approval: GENDA P. DE GRACIA, ED. D.
Chief Education Supervisor, CID
Approved:

ROSALIE M. PASAOL, ED. D.

Schools Division Superintendent

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 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region VII, Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS
CITY OF NAGA, CEBU

GENERAL BIOLOGY 1
SECOND QUARTER WEEK 2

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 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region VII, Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS
CITY OF NAGA, CEBU

GENERAL BIOLOGY 1
SECOND QUARTER WEEK 2

References:

Campbell, N. Reece, B., Taylor M., ‘et.al’. Tour of the cell. Biology Concepts and
Connection. 10th ed. Pearson Education Inc. Sansome St., San Francisco, A9411.
2013

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