CORRELATION:

Correlation is a statistical measure that expresses the extent to which two variables are
linearly related (meaning they change together at a constant rate). If two variables move in
same direction it is known as positively correlated. If they move in opposite directions, then
they have a negative correlation.

TYPE’S OF CORRELATION:
1. Pearson correlation.
2. Kendall rank correlation.
3. Spearman correlation.
4. Point-Biserial correlation

PEARSON CORRELATION
The Pearson correlation measures the strength of the linear relationship between two
variables. It has a value between -1 to 1, with a value of -1 meaning a total negative linear
correlation, 0 being no correlation, and + 1 meaning a total positive correlation

KENDALL RANK CORRELATION

The Kendall rank coefficient is often used as a test statistic in a statistical hypothesis test to
establish whether two variables may be regarded as statistically dependent. This test is non-
parametric, as it does not rely on any assumptions on the distributions of X or Y or the
distribution of (X,Y).

SPEARMAN CORRELATION:
The Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient is the non-parametric statistical measure used
to study the strength of association between the two ranked variables. This method is applied
to the ordinal set of numbers, which can be arranged in order, i.e. one after the other so that
ranks can be given to each.

POINT – BISERIAL CORRELATION

The point biserial correlation coefficient (rpb) is a correlation coefficient used when one
variable (e.g. Y) is dichotomous; Y can either be "naturally" dichotomous, like whether a
coin lands heads or tails, or an artificially dichotomized variable

REAL – LIFE EXAMPLE:

In this project we are going to see an agricultural organization who tested a chemical
fertilizer to try to find out whether an increase in the amount of fertilizer used would lead to a
corresponding increase in the food supply
FERTILIZER 2 1 3 2 4 5
BUSHELS
OF BEANS