FIETAS , VEA BIANCA V.

BSHM 1 - A

Make a critical reflection paper about the act of proclamation of independence, centering your
evaluation on the following points:

1.) Aguinaldo's presidency of the Revolutionary Government and his allegiance with the
American Government.

He did so in an effort to save more deaths for the country because he knew that at that point,
continuing to fight the Americans with guns would be pointless.

He might have refused to take the oath after being apprehended, in which case, like Mabini, he
would have been sent to Guam, safely (from the perspective of the US) away from any future
change of heart and attempt to rekindle the conflict. He decided to take the oath in its place. A
kind interpretation of his choice would be that he believed it would be better for Filipinos if
they, at least temporarily, accepted American colonialism and attempted to make the best of it
rather than continue a futile resistance that would impede the country's recovery.

Spanish: Gobierno Revolucionario de Filipinas) was a revolutionary government established in

the Spanish East Indies on June 23, 1898, during the Spanish-American War, by Emilio
Aguinaldo, who served as its first and only president. The government replaced a dictatorial
government that had been established by Aguinaldo on June 18,[2] and which was dissolved
and replaced by this government upon its establishment. Four government departments were
initially established, each with several bureaus: foreign relations, commerce, war, and public
works; police, justice, instruction, and hygiene; and finance, agriculture, and industry.

Revolutionary Congress was established with the authority "[t]o watch over the general interest
of Philippine people, and carrying out of the revision laws; to discuss and vote upon said laws;
to discus and approve, prior to their ratification, treaties and loans; to discus and approve, prior
to the ratification, treaties . As well as any additional taxes that may be imposed going forward,
as determined annually by the secretary of finance. Two days after the Spanish-American War's
Battle of Manila and around ten months after Aguinaldo proclaimed this revolutionary
government, on August 14, 1898, the United States erected a military government in the
Philippines under the command of General Merritt .

2.)The conflict and issue that Aguinaldo is a puppet of the American government
October 22 , 1943

Jorge Vargas, a former member of the Philippine Commonwealth Cabinet, and Benigno Aquino,
who was also a former member of that Cabinet, were closely associated with Jose P. Laurel in
this movement, which resulted in the establishment of a puppet government in the Philippine
Islands on the fourteenth of this month. The new puppet government's initial action was to join
forces with Japan militarily. The purpose of the second act was to confuse and mislead the
Filipino people with a hypocritical appeal for American sympathy that was made by fraud and
deceit. I want to be clear that the United States government does not recognize or sympathize
with either the current "Philippine Republic" or the prior, collaborationist "Philippine Executive
Commission." This Government will never regard either body's actions to be legal or binding.

The Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands government, which was founded by the Filipino
people with the support of the US Congress, is the only Philippine government. The
Commonwealth's chief executives were moved from Corregidor to Washington in 1942 at my
request. Additionally, it is our stated policy that all American resources—both human and
material—shall be put to use in order to drive the treacherous Japanese invaders from the
Philippine Islands, restore orderly and free democratic processes of government there as soon
as possible, and establish there a truly independent Philippine Nation.

Our hearts go out to those who continue to support the United States and the Commonwealth,
as well as to the vast majority of Filipinos who have not been duped by the enemy's promises
and who eagerly await the day when the cunning, treacherous Japanese will be expelled from
the Philippines. That time will arrive.

3.) The significance of the act in the pursuit of liberation of the Filipino people today.

The Philippine National Anthem was performed in front of the public for the first time at this
ceremony, and the flag was flown for the first time. According to Macapagal, the declaration of
Philippine independence on June 12, 1898, created the first free and unified nation in colonial
Asia. There had already been other Asian revolutions.

Because it represents our freedom, the Declaration of Philippine Independence is significant.

Our colonization dates back about 333 years. Also, it is the outcome of all of the nation's
efforts. Countless people gave their lives in order to preserve our freedom. So, it is crucial to
observe it annually.
It took us a long time to win Philippine independence. The fact that we are prepared to fight for
freedom at whatever cost demonstrates our power as Filipinos and our love for our motherland
one million innocent lives.

On July 4, which is also American Independence Day, Filipinos remembered the declaration of
Philippine independence more than 50 years ago.

Yet it wasn't until 1962 that President Diosdado Macapagal issued a presidential proclamation
designating June 12 as the nation's day of freedom. Republic Act No. 4166, which was passed in
1964, strengthened this date shift even more.

According to Macapagal, a country should not be recognized as independent by another nation

other than itself.

It is appropriate that we celebrate the day we stated our intention to exercise our natural and
inalienable right to freedom and independence rather than the day other countries recognized
our independence.