Module 7 - NC II - Practicing OSH Policies and Procedures - Final

Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and Procedures (NC II) Learner’s Handbook
Acknowledgements
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Now. The curriculum addresses the TESDA Amended Competency Standards for Basic
Competencies Integrating 21st Century Skills which were promulgated on July 9, 2019.
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Table of Contents
Summary of Learning Outcomes 4 Module Overview 4 Written Assignments 5 Skills
Demonstration 5 SESSION 1: Introduction to Problem Solving 6
Activity 1: Introductory Activity & Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection 8 Activity 2:
Understanding General OSH Principles 16 Activity 3: OSH Requirements, Regulations, Policies
and Procedures 20 Activity 4: OSH Preventive and Control Requirements 28
SESSION 2: Prepare OSH Requirements for Compliance 40 Activity 5: Setting the Stage for a
Safe Workplace 41 Activity 6: Safe Handling Procedures of Tools, Equipment and Materials 46
SESSION 3: Perform Tasks in Accordance with Relevant OSH Policies and Procedures 56
Activity 7: Executing Work Activities According to OSH Work Standards 57 Activity 8:
Reporting OSH Non-Compliance Activities 67
SESSION 4: Review and Assessment 73 Activity 9: Post-Module Learner’s Reflection 73 Activity
10: End-of-Module Assessment - Performance Task and Quiz 76 Key to Correction 82
Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies

and Procedures (NC II Level)
A Unit of Competency under Basic Competency on Occupational Health & Safety
“An incident is just the tip of the iceberg, a sign of a much larger problem below
the surface.” - Dan Brown
(“Ang isang maling pangyayari ay nasa ibabaw lamang, ito ay isang
sintomas ng mas malaking problema sa ilalim.”)
Unit Code: 400311216
Unit Descriptor: This unit covers the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to
identify OSH compliance requirements, prepare OSH requirements for
compliance, perform tasks in accordance with relevant OSH policies and
procedures.
Summary of Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of the module you will be able to:
✓ L.O. 1 - Identify OSH compliance requirements
✓ L.O. 2 - Prepare OSH requirements for compliance
✓ L.O. 3 - Perform tasks in accordance with relevant OSH policies and procedures
Module Overview
✍Activity 🕒 Recommended
Time
 Session 1: Identify OSH compliance requirements (L.O. 1)

1. Introductory Activity & Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection (45-60 minutes)
2. Understanding general OSH principles 45-60 minutes
3. OSH requirements, regulations, policies and procedures 45-60 minutes
4. OSH preventive and control requirements 60-90 minutes
 Session 2: Prepare OSH requirements for compliance (L.O. 2)

5. Identifying, preparing OSH work activity material, tools, 60-90 minutes
and equipment requirements
6. Safe handling procedures of tools, equipment, and materials 45-60 minutes
Session 3: Perform tasks in accordance with relevant OSH policies

and procedures (L.O. 3)
7. Executing work activities according to OSH work standards 45-60 minutes
8. Reporting OSH non-compliance activities 30-60 minutes
 Session 4: Review and Assessment

9. Post-Module Learner’s Reflection (10-20 minutes)
10. End-of-Module Assessment (performance Task & Quiz) (45-60 minutes)
Total Time 5.5 – 8 hours
Written Assignments
Please complete all written work in the module. Your skills in this module will be
evaluated through the following:
❑ Let’s Exercise: What is OSH? (Activity 1)

❑ Let’s Exercise: Duties and Rights of Employers and Employees in OSH (Activity
3) ❑ Think About It Notes – Mental Health and Safety in the Workplace (Activity
4) ❑ Reasons for Non-compliance by Employee and Employer (Activity 9)
Skills Demonstration
The following activities will help you develop the knowledge and skills to achieve the
learning outcomes of this module:
❑ Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program (Activity

2) ❑ Let’s Apply: OSH in the Workplace (Activity 3)
❑ Let’s Apply: Assessing the OSH of your Home and Workplace (Activity
4) ❑ Let’s Apply: Risk Assessment (Activity 5)
❑ Let’s Apply: Handling of Hand and Power Tools (Activity 6)
❑ Let’s Apply: Handling of Equipment and Machinery (Activity 6)
❑ Let’s Apply: Working Safely (Activity 7)
SESSION 1: Introduction to Problem Solving

Performance Criteria:
1.1 Relevant OSH requirements, regulations, policies and procedures

are identified in accordance with workplace policies and
procedures
1.2 OSH activity nonconformities are conveyed to appropriate personnel
1.3 OSH preventive and control requirements are identified in accordance

with OSH work policies and procedures
 Key Topics and Learning Points 
1. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

2. Hazards and risks in the workplace
3. General OSH Principles
4. Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program
5. OSH requirements, regulations, policies and procedures - DOLES’s Republic Act
11058 (Declaration Policy) and DOLE Dept Order No. 198 s. 2018 – Implementing
Rules and Regulation of RA 11058
6. OSH Preventive and Control Requirements, including Implementing Rules and
regulations on RA 11036 or the Mental Health Act
7. Work Safety Tips for Employees
8. S.A.M Principles or the Think Safe Steps- Spot the Hazard, Assess the Risk, Make
the Changes
9. Hierarchy of Controls
✶ The goal of an occupational safety and health program is to foster a safe and healthy
work environment and ensure protection for everyone.
✶ A hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on
something or someone.
✶ Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an
adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard.
✶ General OSH principles include avoiding and preventing hazards, using safe
technology, making sure the work environment is safe, integrating safety and health
practices such as breaks into production, and eliminating workplace risks at the source.
✶ Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program: management
leadership, worker participation, hazard identification & assessment, hazard
prevention & control, education & training, and program evaluation & improvement
✶ Employers and employees both have responsibilities in ensuring and carrying out OSH
activities in the workplace.
✶ Hierarchy of Controls:
˗ Elimination (most effective)
˗ Substitution
˗ Engineering controls
˗ Administrative controls
˗ Personal protective equipment (least effective)
Activity 1: Introductory Activity & Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection

Objectives:
✓ Share experiences and knowledge in policies and practices related

to Occupational Safety and Health
✓ Assess one’s knowledge and skills of Occupational Safety and Health
✓ Deepen understanding of Occupational Safety and Health concepts and
principles
🕒 Recommended Time: 45 - 60 minutes
Welcome to Module 7, which will teach you about Practicing Occupational Safety and
Health Policies and Procedures for National Certificate Level II! This module looks into
the health and safety conditions of workers while in the workplace. Accountability,
liability and other safety concerns will be elaborated in the succeeding activities. Many
articles would tell us that despite the advances in technologies and studies there still
risk in workplace that could have avoided if proper assessment of risk management is in
place.
Activities in this module are designed to assist workers to know how to identify risks in
workplaces regardless of years of experience working in the same company, and to help
workers understand their rights and the company’s accountability as well.
🖉 What do you know about Occupational Safety and Health? What is its importance in the
workplace?
Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection:

Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and Procedures (NC II
Level) Start-of-Module Skills Check
This is not a test but is a way for you to see what you already know or do not know about the
topics. You will read a skill that is listed in the left column. Think about yourself and your
experience. Then read the statements across the top. Check the column that best represents
your situation. The results will help you and your teacher know which topics may require more
time, effort and guidance.
Ito ay hindi pagsusulit. Ito ay isang paraan upang malaman mo ang iyong kaalaman, kasanayan
o kakayahan tungkol sa paksang ito. Basahin mo ang mga kaalaman, kasanayan o kakayahan
na nakalista sa kaliwang hanay. Magbalik‐tanaw sa iyong sarili at mga karanasan. Basahin ang
lahat ng mga pangungusap at i‐tsek ang sagot na naaangkop sa iyong sitwasyon. Ang iyong
kasagutan ay magiging gabay mo at ng iyong guro sa pagpapalawak ng iyong kaalaman
tungkol sa paksang ito.
My experience 1 2 3 4
Knowledge, skills and abilities I don’t have I have little I have some I have a lot
any experience experience of
Kaalaman, kasanayan at kakayahan experience doing this doing this experience
doing this. doing this.
Mayroon Mayroon
Wala akong akong akong Marami
karanasan kaunting karanasan akong
sa karanasan sa karanasan
paggawa sa paggawa sa
nito paggawa nito paggawa
nito nito
Define basic Occupational Safety and

Health concepts and principles /
Mabigyang‐kahulugan ang
pangkaraniwang paksa at prinsipyo ng
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH).
Identify key strategies needed to

promote Occupational Safety and
Health in the workplace /
Matukoy ang natatanging
estratehiyang kinakailangan upang
maitaguyod ang OSH sa lugar ng
trabaho.
Describe the key elements of a

workplace Occupational Safety and
Health Program / Malarawan ang mga
natatanging elemento ng Programang
OSH sa lugar ng trabaho.
Recognize the duties and rights of

employers and employees regarding
Occupational Safety and Health
requirements, regulations, policies and
procedures in the workplace /
Matukoy ang mga tungkulin at
karapatan ng mga may‐ari at
empleyado patungkol sa mga
pangangailangan, pamantayan,
polisiya at pamamaraan sa lugar ng
trabaho alinsunod sa OSH.
Mayroon Mayroon
nito nito
Describe the main elements of DOLES’s

Republic Act 11058 (Declaration Policy)
/ Mailarawan ang mga pangunahing
elemento ng DOLE’s Republic Act
11058 (Paglalahad ng Polisiya)
Apply DOLE’s Declaration Policy to

specific situations in determining how
to handle OSH issues /
Mailapat ang Paglalahad ng Polisiya
ng DOLE sa mga tukoy na sitwasyon
upang matukoy ang angkop na
pamamaraan sa paghahawak ng mga
isyu patungkol sa OSH.
Identify hazards and potential actions

to take in accordance with OSH work
policies and procedures /
Matukoy ang mga panganib at mga
karampatang aksyon at solusyon
alinsunod sa polisiya at pamantayan
ng OSH sa lugar ng trabaho.
Describe the role of employees and

employers in preventing and
controlling hazards and risks /
Mailarawan ang tungkulin ng mga
may‐ ari at empleyado upang
maiwasan at mapangasiwaan ang
mga panganib.
Use the Hierarchy of Control in

determining actions to take in
controlling hazards /
Magamit ang Hagdanan ng Kontrol sa
pagtukoy ng angkop na aksyon upang
mapangasiwaan ang mga panganib.
Explain how a risk assessment and

other OSH practices promote safety in
the workplace /
Maipaliwanag kung paano ang
pagtatasa ng panganib at iba pang
gawaing OSH ay makatataguyod ng
kaligtasan sa lugar ng trabaho.
Mayroon Mayroon
nito nito
Apply the steps of risk assessment to a

technical trade /
Mailapat ang mga hakbang ng
pagtatasa ng panganib sa isang
gawaing teknikal.
Identify and prepare for effective OSH

practices in your technical trade /
Matukoy at maihanda ang epektibong
pamamaraang OSH sa iyong sariling
gawaing teknikal o trabaho.
Explain the general safety measures to

take when using hand/power tools and
machinery and equipment /
Maipaliwanag ang pangkalahatang
pamamaraan para sa pangkaligtasan
na angkop sundin kung gumagamit ng
hand/power tools, at makina at iba
pang kagamitan sa trabaho.
Describe safety measures specific to

your technical trade when using
hand/power tools and operating
machinery and equipment /
Mailarawan ang mga pamamaraang
pangkaligtasan na tukoy sa iyong
gawaing teknikal o trabaho sa
paggamit ng hand/power tool and
pagpapagana ng makina at iba pang
kagamitan sa trabaho.
Use methods of safe handling of tools

and equipment /
Masundan ang mga pamamaraang
pangkaligtasan sa maingat at ligtas na
paghaawak at paggamit ng makina at
kagamitan.
Describe why teamwork is essential for

OSH in the workplace /
Mailarawan ang kahalagahan ng
pagkakaisa sa OSH sa lugar ng
trabaho.
Mayroon Mayroon
nito nito
Design precaution and safety protocols

in the workplace /
Makabuo ng disenyo patungkol sa
pamantayan at pamamaraang
pangkaligtasan at pag‐iwas sa
panganib sa lugar ng trabaho.
Identify safety protocols to prevent

common hazards such as electrical
shock, fires, lifting injuries and ladder
accidents / Matukoy ang
pangkaligtasang pamantayan upang
maiwasan ang pangkaraniwang
panganib tulad ng pagkakakuryernte,
sunog, mga pinsala sa pagbubuhat at
aksidente sa hagdan.
Identify typical areas of non-

compliance to OSH standards in the
workplace / Matukoy ang
pangkaraniwang lugar o aspeto ng
trabaho na hindi nakasusunod sa
pamantayan ng OSH.
Analyze why employers and employees

might not comply with OSH standards
and practices /
Maipaliwanag kung bakit ang mga
may‐ ari at empleyado ay hindi
nakasusunod sa pamantayan at
pamamaraang OSH.
Describe the consequences of non

compliance to OSH standards /
Nailalarawan ang mga maaaring
bunga ng hindi pagsunod sa mga
pamantayang OSH.
Think about an experience (your own or one that you have heard about) where there
were risks in the workplace and people’s safety was endangered. What happened? What
actions were taken to manage the situation?
🖉 List the regular processes and practices that you (or someone you know) do in the
workplace that promote safety and health .
To learn more about Occupational Safety and Health, watch an 8-minute YouTube video
through this link: https://go.edc.org/safety-video. Jot down notes about the video using
the space provided below.
Let’s Exercise: What is OSH?
After watching the video, answer the following questions below:
1. What is Occupational Safety and Health?
2. What are some of the processes that happen during a safety inspection? Give examples
of what an inspector might check for safety.
3. How can conducting inspections help to ensure safety and health in the workplace?
4. As an employee at an organization or company, how do you think you and your

colleagues can prepare for a visit from a safety inspector? How can you maintain good
safety practices?
Check your understanding of Occupational Safety and Health by reading the definitions
below.
📄 Key Facts 7.1: What is Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?

Occupational safety and health is a discipline with a broad scope involving three major fields –
1. Occupational Safety - understanding the causes of accidents at work and ways to prevent
unsafe acts and unsafe conditions in any workplace. Safety at work includes good
housekeeping, proper materials handling and storage, machine safety, electrical safety, fire
prevention and control, safety inspection, and accident investigation. 2. Occupational
Health - a broad concept which explains how the different hazards and risks at work may
cause an illness and emphasizes that health programs are essential in controlling work-
related and/or occupational diseases.
3. Industrial Hygiene - the identification, evaluation, and control of physical, chemical,
biological and ergonomic hazards in the workplace. 1
1
Basic Occupational Safety and Health (BOSH)
Training Page 5 of 250
The goal of an occupational safety and health program is to foster a safe and healthy work
environment and ensure protection for everyone.
What is a hazard?
A hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or
someone.
What is a risk?
It may also apply to situations with property or equipment loss, or harmful effects on the
environment. Risks are expressed as a probability or likelihood of developing a disease or
getting injured, whereas hazard refers to the agent responsible (i.e. smoking).
Activity 2: Understanding General OSH Principles

Objectives:
✓ Identify key strategies needed to promote Occupational Safety and Health in
the workplace
✓ Describe the key elements of a workplace Occupational Safety and Health
Program 🕒 Recommended Time: 45-60 minutes
In putting Occupational Safety and Health into practice in the workplace, a few strategic
principles are essential:
1. Avoid and prevent hazards.

2. Use safe technology - ensure the kind of technology workers use are safe and not at all
risky.
3. Optimize working conditions - the environment should be safe with no health hazards and
risks.
4. Integrate production and health and safety activities - For example, have a regular break
time and place where employees can take a few minutes to rest before returning to work. 5.
Eliminate workplace risks at the source - tour around the area, inspect places, check
equipment to know if they are functioning or not.
With these principles in mind, imagine that you run a manufacturing business and you
want to set up an Occupational Safety and Health program. What would be the key
elements of your approach? Think about the following questions to help you answer the
question:
1. Who would need to be involved and how?

2. What types of hazards might exist?
3. How can hazards be prevented?
4. What would employees need to prevent hazards and minimize risk?
Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program:
Read the following OSHA recommended proactive approaches to promoting safety and
health in the workplace. Planning ahead, anticipating and preventing hazards, and
involving and educating all employees, are key to a safe workplace. Supplement your
work above with any new information you learn!
📄 Key Facts 7.2: Core Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health
Program2
Management • Management committed to improving safety & health

Leadership
• Workers involved in all aspects of safety & health

Worker programs: identifying hazards, preventing hazards, reporting
issues
Participation
• Procedures in place to identify hazards & evaluate risks
• Regular system of assessing hazards and control measures
(initial assessment and then periodic inspections)
Hazard • Hazards reported to appropriate managers • Identified
hazards priortized for control
Identification &
Assessment • Identify and select methods for eliminating, preventing or
controlling hazard
• Hierarchy of controls used to determine actions to take:
engineering, safe work practices,
Hazard Prevention & Contol administrative, PPE
• All workers trained to know their responsibilities related to
safety and health
• All workers trained to recognize hazards and to understnad
the control measures
Education & • Employers, manageers and supervisors trained on
Training protecting workers' rights
• Regular monitoring and actions taken to improve safety &

health
Program Evaluation & Improvement
2
OSHA. (2016). Recommended Practices for Safety and Health Programs. https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3885.pdf
Sharing is caring
This section encourages you to share your output to family and friends. You worked hard
on this so now it is time to tell others about the task you have just completed. Do it face
to face, via text, chat, or whatever means available and comfortable to you. It’s always
great to share your thoughts and hear feedback from people who care ☺
Talk to someone you know who either runs a business or is an employee. Share your key
elements of an Occupational Safety and Health program with them and ask them what types of
practices their business uses to ensure safety and health in the workplace. Add any key points
to your list above.
Activity 3: OSH Requirements, Regulations, Policies and Procedures

Objectives:
✓ Recognize the duties and rights of employers and employees regarding
Occupational Safety and Health requirements, regulations, policies and
procedures in the workplace
✓ Describe the main elements of DOLES’s Republic Act 11058 (Declaration Policy)
and the Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 11508 (DOLE Department
Order No. 198 series of 2018.
✓ Apply DOLE’s Declaration Policy to specific situations in determining how to
handle OSH issues
🕒 Recommended Time: 45-60 minutes
Read the following scenario and answer the questions.
Juan works in a large rice mill and performs different tasks including operating the
milling machines, packing rice into bags and sweeping of the milling and storage area.
He is supposed to wear a mask or respirator while performing these functions but there
often are not enough of these to go around to all the employees. He begins to develop a
cough that he cannot seem to get rid of and wonders if it is because of the dust created
when milling, packing and storing.
1. What is the issue in this scenario?
2. What steps should the employer be taking to protect employees’ safety and health in
the workplace?
3. What should Juan do to protect his safety and health in the workplace?
For OSH to become fully mandatory and implementable, the Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE), introduced the Republic Act 111058. It outlines the duties of
employers and employees in ensuring and following safety and health rules, as well as
the rights of the worker.
Let’s Exercise: Duties and Rights of Employers and Employees in OSH
Let’s see what you already know about the duties and rights of employers and
employees regarding Occupational Safety and Health before we look more closely at
DOLE’s Republic Act 11058. Read each of the statements below and check (✓) if you
“Agree” or “Disagree” with the statement.
Statement Agree Disagree
1. Employers must give complete job safety instructions to all

workers, especially to those entering the job for the first time.
2. Workers can choose whether or not to wear PPE on the job.
3. Employees should provide measures to deal with emergencies

and accidents, including first-aid kits.
4. Workers have the right to report hazards and accidents not only to
their employer but to DOLE and other relevant government agencies
as well.
5. Employers should provide safety training to employees only if they

have the budget to do so.
6. Safety signs are not necessary if workers already know the

potential hazards of their jobs.
7. Workers should follow the steps given to them by their employers

in cases of emergency.
8. Employers should involve workers in the planning and implementing of

a safety and health plan.
9. Employers should have safety officers who monitor and inspect

safety and health practices regularly.
10. A hazardous workplace environment is acceptable if employees are

told about the hazards and if safety signs are used.
Read Key Facts 7.2: Declaration Policy to learn more about DOLE’s Republic Act 11058 and to
check your answers. Make any corrections to your answers above after you read the
information. You can also check your answers in the Key to Correction at the end of the
module.
📄 Key Facts 7.2: Declaration Policy 3
DECLARATION OF POLICY
RA 11058
The State:
• labor as a primary social and economic force, … safe and healthy workforce is an integral aspect of
nation building
• ensure a safe and healthful workplace for all working people … full protection against all hazards •
provisions of the Labor Code of the Philippines, all laws, and internationally-recognized standards on
OSH are being fully enforced and complied with…
• protect every worker against injury, sickness or death
• strict but dynamic, inclusive, and gender-sensitive measures
The Secretary of Labor and Employment shall issue the appropriate standards of occupational safety and
health for such purpose based on the number of employees, nature of operations and the risk or hazard
involved.
DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, WORKERS AND OTHER PERSONS
A. Every employer contractor or subcontractor, shall:
1. Furnish the workers a place of employment free from hazardous conditions that are causing or
are likely to cause death, illness, or physical harm to the workers;
2. Give complete job safety instructions to all the workers, especially to those entering the job for the first
time, including those relating to familiarization with their work environment; •
3. Inform the workers of the hazards associated with their work, health risks involved or to which they
are exposed to, preventive measures to eliminate or minimize the risks, and steps to be taken in
case of emergency;
4. Use only approved devices and equipment for the workplace;
5. Comply with OSHS including training, medical examination, and where necessary provision of
protective and safety devices such as personal protective equipment (PPE) and machine
guards;
6. Allow workers and their safety and health representatives to participate actively in the process of
organizing, planning, implementing and evaluating the program to improve the safety and health in
the workplace;
7. Provide, where necessary, for measures to deal with emergencies and accidents, including first-aid
arrangements.
B. Every worker shall participate in ensuring compliance with OSHS in the workplace.
• The worker shall make proper use of all safeguards and safety devices furnished for his/her protection
and that of others and shall observe instructions to prevent accidents or imminent danger situation
in
3
Department of Labor and Employment, Philippines. (2018). An Act Strengthening Compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Standards
and Providing Penalties for Violations (RA 11058). http://www.oshc.dole.gov.ph/images/Files/DO-198-Implementing-Rules-and-Regulations-of
Republic-Act-No_-11058-An-Act-Strengthening-Compliance-with-Occupational-Safety-and-Health-Standards-and-Providing-Penalties-for
Violations-Thereof.pdf
the workplace.
• They shall observe the prescribed steps to be taken in case of emergency.
• The worker shall report to the supervisor any work hazard that may be discovered in the workplace.
C. It shall be the duty of any person, including the builder or contractor who visits, builds, renovates, or
installs devices or conducts business in any establishment or workplace, to comply with the provisions of this
Act and all other regulations issued by the Secretary of Labor and Employment.
Whenever two or more undertakings are engaged in activities simultaneously in one workplace, it shall be
the duty of all engaged to collaborate in the application of OSH standards and regulations.
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO KNOW
* The right to safety and health at work shall be guaranteed

• All workers shall be appropriately informed by the employer about all types of hazards in the
workplace, and provided access to training and education on chemical safety and to orientation
on data sheet of chemical safety, electrical safety, mechanical safety, and ergonomic safety
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO REFUSE TO UNSAFE WORK
• The worker has the right of refusal to work without threat or reprisal from the employer if, as
determined by the DOLE, an imminent danger situation exists in the workplace that may result to
illness, injury or death, and corrective actions to eliminate the danger have not been undertaken by
the employer.
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO REPORT ACCIDENTS
• Workers and their representatives shall have the right to report accidents, dangerous occurrences, and
hazards to the employer, to the DOLE and to other concerned government agencies exercising
jurisdiction as the competent authority in the specific industry or economic activity.
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
• Every employer shall provide their workers, free of charge, protective equipment for their eyes, face,
hands and feet, and lifeline, safety belt or harness, gas or dust respirators or masks, and protective
shields whenever necessary by reason of the hazardous work process or environment, chemical,
radio logical, mechanical and other irritants or hazards capable of causing injury or impairment in
the function of any part of the body through absorption, inhalation or physical contact.
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
• The cost of the PPE shall be part of the safety and health program which is a separate pay item
pursuant to Section 19 of this Act.
• All PPE shall be of the appropriate type as tested and approved by the DOLE based on its standards.
The usage of PPE in all establishments, projects, sites and all other places where work is being
undertaken shall be based on the evaluation and recommendation of the safety officer.
SAFETY SIGNAGE AND DEVICES
RA 11058
• All establishments, projects, sites and all other places where work is being undertaken shall have safety
signage and devices to warn the workers and the public of the hazards in the workplace. • Safety signage
and devices shall be posted in prominent positions at strategic locations in a language understandable to
all and in accordance with the standards set by the DOLE.
SAFETY IN THE USE OF EQUIPMENT
• In relation to the use of equipment, the employer must comply with the DOLE requirements in the
different phases of the company or project operation, including the transport to and from the
establishment, project, site or place where work is being undertaken.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION
• Workers in all establishments, projects, sites and all other places where work is being undertaken shall
be provided adequate and suitable information by the employer contractor or subcontractor, if any,
on safety and health standards, and the appropriate measures, including the probable location of
workers for the prevention, control, and protection against those hazards.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM
• Covered workplaces shall have a safety and health program including, but not limited to the following
policies, guidelines or information:
a) Statement of commitment to comply with OSH requirements;
b) General safety and health, including a drug-free workplace;
c) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(AIDS)/tuberculosis/ hepatitis prevention and control;
d) Company or project details;
e) Composition and duties of the Safety and Health Committee;
f) Occupational safety and health personnel and facilities;
g) Safety and health promotion, training and education;
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM
• The safety and health program shall be prepared and executed by the employer, contractor or
subcontractor, if any, in consultation with the workers and their representatives and shall be
submitted to the DOLE which shall approve, disapprove or modify the same according to existing
laws, rules and regulations, and other issuances.
• The approved safety and health program shall be communicated and be made readily available to all
persons in the workplace.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE
• To ensure that the safety and health program is observed and enforced, covered workplaces shall
organize a Safety and Health Committee composed of the following:
a) Employer or a representative as the Chairperson, ex officio;
b) Safety officer of the company or project as the Secretary; and
c) Safety officers representing the contractor or subcontractor, as the case may be, as members.
SAFETY OFFICER
• To ensure that a safety and health program is duly followed and enforced, covered workplaces shall
have safety officers who shall:
a) Oversee the overall management of the safety and health program;
b) Frequently monitor and inspect any health or safety aspect of the operation
being undertaken;
c) Assist government inspectors in the conduct of safety and health inspection at any time
whenever work is being performed or during the conduct of an accident investigation; and
d) Issue work stoppage order when necessary.
The Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) has also issued Department Order No.
198 series of 2018 to outline the Implementing Rules and Regulation of the Policy.
Employers and employees should be familiar with their duties used for OSH. Read the
excerpt from the IRR below, specifically on Chapter 3 Section 4. This gives a more
detailed enumeration of the duties of employers, workers and other persons in the
workplace
📄 Key Facts 7.3: Duties of Employers, Workers and Other Persons 4
Section 4. Duties of Employers, Workers and Other Persons
a. Duties of Employers – Every employer, contractor or subcontractor, if any, and any person
who manages, controls or supervises the work being undertaken shall:
1. Equip a place of employment for workers free from hazardous conditions that are
causing or are likely to cause death, illness or physical harm to the workers;
2. Provide complete job safety instructions and proper orientation to all workers
including, but not limited to, those relating to familiarization with their work
environment;
3. Ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, the chemical, physical and

biological substances and agents, and ergonomic and psychosocial stresses under
their control are without risk to health when the appropriate measures of
protection are taken;
4. Use only approved specific industry set of standards of devices and equipment for
the workplace, as applicable;
5. Comply with OSH standards including training, medical examination, and when
necessary, provisions on protective and safety devices such as PPE and machine
guards. Training for workers shall include health promotion, hazards associated
with their work, health risks involved or to which they are exposed to, preventive
measures to eliminate or minimize risks, steps to be taken in cases of emergency,
and safety instructions for the jobs, activities and tasks to be handled by workers;
6. Make arrangements for workers and their representatives to have the time and
resource to participate actively in the process of organizing, planning and
implementation, monitoring, evaluation and action for improvement of the OSH
management system;
7. Provide, when necessary, for measures identifying trainings and drills, evacuation
plans, etc., to deal with emergencies, fires and accidents including first-aid
arrangements;
8. Comply with all reportorial requirements of the OSH standards, and
4
Department of Labor and Employment, Philippines. (2018). Department Order No. 198 series of 2018. Implementing Rules and Regulations of
Republic Act No. 11058 entitled “An Act Strengthening Compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Standards and Providing Penalties for
Violations Thereof”. Accessed on February 28, 2021 from https://www.dole.gov.ph/news/department-order-198-18-implementing-rules-and
regulations-of-republic-act-no-11058-an-act-strengthening-compliance-with-occupational-safety-and-health-standards-and-providing
penalties-for-viola/.
9. Register establishment to DOLE as provided under the OSH standards.
b. Duties of Workers – Every worker, in order to ensure compliance with OSH standards
shall:
1. Participate in capacity building activities on safety and health and other OSH
related topics and programs;
2. Proper use of all safeguards and safety devices furnished for workers’ protection
and that of others;
3. Comply with instructions to prevent accidents or imminent danger situations in

the workplace;
4. Observe prescribed steps to be taken in cases of emergency including

participation in the conduct of national or local disaster drills; and
5. Report to their immediate supervisor or any responsible safety and health

personnel any work hazard that may be discovered in the workplace.
c. Duties of Other Persons – Any other person, including the builder or contractor who visits,
builds, renovates or installs devices or conducts business in any establishments or
workplace, shall comply with the provision of this Rules and all other regulations issued
by the Secretary of Labor and Employment
Whenever two (2) or more undertakings are engaged in activities simultaneously in one
(1) workplace, it shall be the duty of all concerned to collaborate and cooperate to
ensure compliance with OSH standards and regulations.
Let’s Apply – OSH in the Workplace

Create a one-page infographic showing information about Occupational Safety and Health. You
may or may not use the template below, but be sure to include the information on the
template.
What is Occupational Safety and Health?
What are the OSH duties and responsibilities of employers and

employees? Employers Employees
What to do in cases of breaches in OSH standards?
Sharing is Caring!
This section encourages you to share your output with family and friends. You worked
hard on this so now it is time to tell others about the task you have just completed. Do it
face to face, via text, chat, or whatever means available and comfortable to you. It’s
always great to share your thoughts and hear feedback from people who care ☺
Share the work you have done on the infographic with others. They might have additional ideas
on OSH practices in the workplace that you could add in the infographic.
Activity 4: OSH Preventive and Control Requirements

Objectives:
✓ Identify hazards and potential actions to take in accordance with OSH work policies
and procedures
✓ Describe the role of employees and employers in preventing and controlling hazards
and risks
✓ Use the Hierarchy of Control in determining actions to take in controlling hazards ✓
Determine actions to take when there is nonconformity to OSH requirements,
regulations, policies and procedures
As seen in the DOLES’s Republic Act 11058, both the employer and employee have a
responsibility to ensure safety and health in the workplace. There are many different
hazards one can encounter in the workplace so it is important that everybody play their
part and work as a team to promote effective safety and health practices. Remember
from NC I that there are different types of hazards that can be encountered - physical
safety, chemical, biological, and other health hazards.
NC I Review of Hazards in the Home and Workplace
✓ Safety hazards can cause immediate accidents and injuries. Examples: hot surfaces,
slippery floors.
✓ Chemical hazards are gases, vapors, liquids, or dusts that can harm your body.
Examples: cleaning products or pesticides.
✓ Biological hazards are living things that can cause diseases such as flu, COVID 19,
AIDS, Hepatitis, and TB. Examples: bacteria, viruses, or insects. In the workplace,
you can be exposed to biological hazards through contact with used needles, sick
children, animals, etc.
✓ Other health hazards are harmful things, not in the other categories, that can injure
you or make you sick. These hazards are sometimes less obvious because they may
not cause health problems right away. General categories may include physical,
psychological and ergonomic hazards. Examples: noise or repetitive movements.
Let’s now think more specifically about different types of workplaces. Watch the following
DOLE videos on OSH and answer the questions that follow.
• Occupational Safety and Health - https://go.edc.org/Dole-osh5
• World Day for Safety and Health at Work - https://go.edc.org/world-day-for-safety6,

created in conjunction with the International Labor Organization (ILO)’s annual
international awareness-raising campaign to promote OSH.
• If you have time you can watch a longer video that looks at safety and health issues in
the workplace, An Introduction to Health and Safety - https://go.edc.org/intro-health
safety7
1. List the types of potential safety hazards you see if safety and health precautions are
not put into practice.
2. What types of actions need to be taken by the employee to ensure his or her own
safety and health as well as that of their co-workers?
5
DOLE Labor and Employment Education Services. (January 29, 2014). Occupational Safety and Health.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0CGgjQOC00
6
DOLE. (n.d.). World Day for Safety and Health at Work. https://youtu.be/bN-orGSPfMU
7
Smith, John (n.d.). Cranswick Lazenby’s. Introduction to Basic Health and Safety. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2FNbuPR01Y
3. What types of actions need to be taken by employers to ensure the safety and health
of all who work for the organization or business (refer to Key Facts 7.2: Declaration
Policy above as needed)?
Read the following OSHA-recommended actions an employee can take to practice good
safety habits.
📄 Key Facts 7.4: Work Safety Tips 8
1. Set your own standards. If you see others around you not wearing PPE or taking the
necessary safety precautions, do not copy them! Always be safe and do what you can
to avoid hazards and accidents.
2. Operate equipment only if qualified. Make sure you receive the training necessary
before operating equipment.
3. Respect machinery. Safely operate machinery. Don’t rush, don’t put your hands near
moving parts that can cut or crush you and always follow the safety rules in
operating the machinery.
4. Use your own initiative for safety protection. Ask for the proper PPE and ask
questions when you do not understand how to do something like run equipment or
machinery.
5. Ask questions. If you are uncertain about how to do something, ask! Better safe than
sorry.
6. Use care and caution when lifting. If something is too heavy, ask for help. Always
bend at your knees when lifting.
7. Practice good housekeeping. Keep your work area organized! Accidents happen when
areas are disorganized. Remember the “5 S” system from NC I!
8. Wear proper and sensible work clothes. Avoid loose clothing that can get entangled
in machines and wear sturdy footwear.
9. Practice good personal cleanliness. Wash your hands often and avoid touching your
face with dirty hands.
10. Be a positive part of the safety team. Follow the safety rules and encourage others
to do so too!
8
OSHA. (n.d.). OSHA Safety Manual. https://www.safetymanualosha.com/the-ten-commandments-of-good-safety-habits/
Practicing the work safety tips will reduce hazards and help control the potential risks you
face in the workplace. There are several approaches that employers and employees can
use to controlling the risks. Read the scenario below and brainstorm ways to deal with
the problem, ranging from short term to long term solutions.
When it rains, water leaks from the roof and from windows into one of the stairwells at
the TVET institution where you work. The steps become slippery and trainees, trainers
and other school staff risk falling. There have already been a few accidents.
Think about what can be done to reduce the risk at the level of those using the stairs
(trainees, trainers and other staff) as well as at the level of school management. Write
your ideas in the box.
Ways to Reduce Risk of Falling on Stairs:
Read the information below on hazard prevention and risk control, including the Hierarchy
of Controls. Supplement your answers in the box above using the Hierarchy of Controls.
Compare your answers with the possible answers found in the Key to Correction at the
end of the module.
📄 Key Facts 7.5: Hazard Prevention and Risk Control

• Workplace inspections help prevent incidents, injuries, and illnesses. ˗ A critical
examination of a workplace should help identify and document hazards and provide
solutions or corrective action.
• S.A.M Principles or the Think Safe Steps - Spot the Hazard, Assess the Risk, Make the
Changes.
˗ Spot the hazard: A hazard is anything that could hurt you or someone else. ˗ Assess
the risk: Assessing the risk means working out how likely it is that a hazard will harm
someone and how serious the harm could be.
˗ Make the changes: Use PPE or remove hazard in workplace.
• Three principles of risk control:

˗ Prevent risks
˗ Protect safety and health
˗ Eliminate accidents
• Control measures minimize or eliminate hazards or separate hazards from workers. •
The 5 levels of the risk control hierarchy are the following: (ordered from most
effective solutions to least effective solutions)
˗ Elimination (most effective)
˗ Substitution
˗ Engineering controls
˗ Administrative controls
˗ Personal protective equipment (least effective)9
• These measures ensure that risks are evaluated, addressed, and avoided.
10
9
Druley, K. (March 25, 2018). The hierarchy of controls. Safety and Health
Magazine. https://www.safetyandhealthmagazine.com/articles/16790-the-hierarchy-of-controls
10
Pittman, M. (May 14, 2020). NIOSH’s “Hierarchy of Controls infographic” as SVG. Wikimedia
Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NIOSH%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CHierarchy_of_Controls_infographic%E2%80%9D_as_SV
G.svg
License: Public domain
Let’s Apply: Assessing the OSH of your Home or Workplace
Imagine you are a safety officer conducting an Occupational Safety and Health check in your
workplace or at home. List the potential hazards, and possible preventions of the hazards that
you have spotted, using the hierarchy of controls.
Potential Hazards Possible Preventions/Interventions
Think about it! - Noncompliance
What happens when employees or employers do not comply with safety and healthy rules
and regulations?
1. As an employee, what would you do if your co-workers were being careless, not
wearing required PPE and potentially endangering the lives of those around them? 2.
What would you do if your employer was not providing PPE or providing you safety
training in using equipment?
Share your responses with a friend or family member who has work experience. Ask them
to share any examples of non-compliance and how their employer handled it.
We will go into more depth on noncompliance in Session 3.
📄 Key Facts 7.6: Mental Health in the Workplace 11
Aside from physical safety and health, the government also ensures the mental safety and
health of employees through health promotion and policies as stated in the Implementing
Rules and Regulations of or Republic Act No. 11036 or the Mental Health Act. Below are some
of the parts of the IRR that may be relevant to you as a business owner or employee:
Section 4. Definition – The terms are defined as follows:

c. Confidentiality refers to ensuring that all relevant information related to persons with
psychiatric, neurologic, and psychosocial health needs is kept safe from access or use by, or
disclosure to, persons or entities who are not authorized to access, use, or possess such
information;
e. Discrimination refers to any distinction, exclusion or restriction which has the purpose or
effect of nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal basis with others, of
all human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or
any other field. It includes all forms of discrimination, including denial of reasonable
accommodation. Special measures solely to protect the rights or secure the advancement of
persons with decision-making impairment capacity shall not be deemed to be discriminatory
g. Impairment or Temporary Loss of Decision-Making Capacity refers to a medically-determined
inability on the part of a service user or any other person affected by a mental health
condition, to provide informed consent. A service user has impairment or temporary loss of
decision-making capacity when the service user as assessed by a mental health professional
is unable to do the following:
1. Understand information concerning the nature of a mental health condition; 2.
Understand the consequences of one’s decision and actions on one’s life or health, or the
life or the health of others;
3. Understand information about the nature of the treatment proposed, including
methodology, direct effects, and possible side effects; and
4. Effectively communicate consent to treatment or hospitalization, or information
regarding one’s own condition;
h. Informed consent refers to voluntarily given by a service user to a plan for treatment, after a
full disclosure communicate in plain language by the attending mental health service
provider, of the nature, consequences, benefits, and risks of the proposed treatment, as well
as available alternatives.
s. Recovery-Based Approach refers to an approach to intervention and treatment centered on
the strengths of a service user and involving the active participation, as equal partners in
care, of persons with lived experiences in mental health. This requires integrating a service
user’s understanding of his or her condition into any plan for treatment and recovery;
11
Department of Health. (2019). Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act No. 11036, otherwise known
as the Mental Health Act. Accessed on February 28, 2021 from
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/downloads/2019/01jan/20190122-IRR-RA-11036-RRD.pdf
t. Service User refers to a person with lived experience of any mental health condition including
persons who require, or are undergoing psychiatric, neurologic or psychosocial care; u. Support
refers to the spectrum of informal and formal arrangements or services of varying types and
intensities, provided by the State, private entities, or communities, aimed at assisting a service
user in the exercise of his or her legal capacity or rights, including: community services,
personal assistants and ombudsmen; powers of attorney and other legal and personal planning
tools; peer support; support for self-advocacy; non-formal community caregiver networks;
dialogue systems; alternate communication methods, such as non-verbal, sign, augmentative,
and manual communication; and the use of assistive devices and technology
Section 26. Mental Health Promotion and Policies in the Workplace. Employers shall develop
appropriate policies and programs on mental health in the workplace designed to raise
awareness on mental health issues, correct the stigma and discrimination associated with
mental health conditions, identify and provide support for individuals at risk, and facilitate
access of individuals with mental health conditions to treatment and psychosocial support.
Think About It! – Mental Health and Safety in the Workplace 1. Share the
information about mental health to a family member, friend, or a colleague. Discuss your
opinions on the provision of mental health support and ensuring mental health and safety
of employees in the workplace. Record your insights below
2. Based on your insights and discussion, give at least 3 actionable steps that employees and
employers should do to ensure that mental health and safety is upheld in the workplace.
Employers Employees
☑ Performance Criteria Checklist

The Performance Criteria Check is an opportunity for you to assess your
learning outcomes in the session and know how well you did in doing the
activities in this session. You will speak to your facilitator to:
1. Share your experiences in completing the session.

2. Discuss your development and progress towards the intended skills.
3. Plan how you will move forward to continue making progress in the module.
Conduct a quick self-assessment and complete the table below.

Statements Please check YES if you have
shown or can do the statement,
Did you… NO if you haven't shown it or
cannot do it yet
YES NO
1. Define basic Occupational Safety and

Health concepts and principles?
2. Identify key strategies needed to

promote Occupational Safety and Health in
the
workplace?
3. Describe the key elements of a

workplace Occupational Safety and
Health Program?
4. Recognize the duties and rights of employers

and employees regarding Occupational
Safety and Health requirements,
regulations, policies and procedures in the
workplace?
5. Describe the main elements of DOLES’s

Republic Act 11058 (Declaration
Policy)?
6. Apply DOLE’s Declaration Policy to specific

situations in determining how to handle
OSH issues?
7. Identify hazards and potential actions to take

in accordance with OSH work policies and
procedures?
8. Describe the role of employees and employers
in preventing and controlling hazards and
risks?
9. Use the Hierarchy of Control in

determining actions to take in controlling
hazards?
Guide to the Learner and Facilitator’s Discussion:

Topics to discuss during the Learning Check:
1. Parts of the module that were the easiest to answer/do.

2. Parts of the module that were the hardest to answer/do.
3. Parts of the module that need further clarification or explanation.
4. Additional support needed by the learner from the facilitator.
5. Review and check of the learner’s answers and outputs for the session. 6.
Feedback on the learner’s performance in terms of the following: mastery of
content, skills development, and pace in answering the module.
7. Plans for how the learner will move forward with the module.
Session 1 – Writing Space
Use this space to complete any of the written assignments above or write any
thoughts or ideas that have come to mind about the topic.
Congratulations! You can now proceed to the next Session.
SESSION 2: Prepare OSH Requirements for Compliance
2.1 OSH work activity material, tools, and equipment requirements

are identified in accordance with workplace policies and
procedures
2.2 Required OSH materials, tools, and equipment are acquired in

accordance with workplace policies and procedures
2.3 Required OSH materials, tools, and equipment are arranged/placed

in accordance with OSH work standards
1. Risks assessments
2. Safe Handling Procedures of Tools, Equipment and Materials
✶ Risk assessments - identifying and taking sensible and proportionate measures to
control the risks in the workplace, not about creating huge amounts of paperwork. 1.
Identify the hazards
2. Identify who might be harmed
3. Evaluate the risks
4. Record the findings
5. Regularly review the risk assessment
✶ The greatest hazards in using hand tools are misuse and improper maintenance.
For power tools, there is the danger of electrical burns and shock.
✶ Follow safety rules when handling hand or power tools, machinery and equipment.
Activity 5: Setting the Stage for a Safe Workplace12

Objectives:
✓ Explain how a risk assessment and other OSH practices promote safety in the
workplace ✓ Describe the steps to take during a risk assessment
✓ Apply the steps of risk assessment to a technical trade
✓ Generate ideas on identifying and preparing for effective OSH practices in their
technical trade
As we have seen from the previous session, hazards are present everywhere! If people are
not aware of these hazards, there is a greater risk of injury, disease or even death.
Occupational Safety and Hazard rules, regulations, policies and procedures were
developed to prevent such incidents and ensure safety in the workplace. In this session,
we will look at general ways to prepare the workplace and you will apply it to your
specific technical trade. We will then review the handling of tools, equipment and
machinery from NC I and again, apply the OSH standards to the technical trade of your
interest. This will help you think about OSH practices in general in the workplace, as well
as specifically in the use of the tools, equipment and machinery of your technical trade.
Read the information below in Key Facts 7.7. A lot of it will be familiar from the previous
session. You will then think and write about each of the main elements for your specific
technical trade.
📄 Key Facts 7.7: Apply Appropriate Safety Measures in the Workplace

A big part of managing OSH in the workplace is controlling the risk of potential hazards. Risk
assessments are central to this process as well as practices such as providing training and
information, supervision, first aid and safety signs.
Risk assessments: process of identifying potential hazards and deciding whether you are taking
reasonable steps to prevent that hazard. Steps:
12
Adaptation of Health and Safety Executive. (n.d.). Controlling the Risks. Retrieved January 29, 2021, from
https://www.hse.gov.uk/toolbox/managing/managingtherisks.htm. “Contains public sector information published by the Health and Safety
Executive and licensed under the Open Government Licence”.
1. Identify the hazards: The first

step is to
accurately identify the
potential hazards in the
workplace. An unidentified
hazard cannot be
controlled!
✓ Employers in conjunction with their workers
can start by walking around the workplace
and thinking about any hazards. In other
words, what is it about the activities,
processes or substances used that could injure workers or harm their health?
Classes of Hazard: Remember these from NC 1 and the last session!

Hazards are classified into five different types. They are:
▪ Physical - includes floors, stairs, work platforms, steps, ladders, fire, falling objects,
slippery surfaces, manual handling (lifting, pushing, pulling), excessively loud and
prolonged noise, vibration, heat and cold, radiation, poor lighting, ventilation, air
quality
▪ Mechanical and/or electrical - includes electricity, machinery, equipment,
pressure vessels, dangerous goods, fork lifts, cranes, hoists
▪ Chemical - includes chemical substances such as acids or poisons and those that
could lead to fire or explosion, like pesticides, herbicides, cleaning agents, dusts
and fumes from various processes such as welding
▪ Biological - includes bacteria, viruses, mold, mildew, insects, vermin, animals ▪
Psychosocial environment - includes workplace stressors arising from a variety of
sources.
2. Identify who might be harmed: Think about how workers (or others who may be present
such as contractors or visitors) might be harmed. Workers’ input is necessary as they
may notice or have experienced things that are not obvious and may have some good
ideas on how to control the risks.
✓ For each hazard employers need to be clear about who might be harmed – it will help
them identify the best way of controlling the risk. That doesn’t mean listing everyone
by name, but rather identifying groups of workers/people (e.g. ‘people working in
the storeroom’ or ‘passers-by’).
3. Evaluate the risks: Having identified the hazards, organizations and businesses then have
to decide how likely it is that harm will occur, i.e., the level of risk and what to do about it.
Risk is a part of everyday life but we need to try and reduce risks in the workplace. ✓
Identify the main risks and the things needed to do to manage them responsibly.
Work Readiness Modules on 21st Century Skills | USAID Opportunity 2.0

Program| Philippines Page 42
Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and
Procedures (NC II) Learner’s Handbook
4. Record the findings: It is good practice if

workers make a
record of their significant findings – the
hazards, how people
might be harmed by them and what is in place to control the
risks. Any record produced should be clear, practical and
focused on control measures. Keep it simple!
5. Regularly review the risk assessment: Few workplaces stay

the same. Sooner or later, it will bring in new equipment,
substances and procedures that could lead to new hazards. So it makes sense to review
what is being done an ongoing basis. Consider the following questions:
✓ Have there been any significant changes?

✓ Are there improvements still needed to be made?
✓ Have workers spotted a problem?
✓ Have we learnt anything from accidents or near misses?
Management must make sure the risk assessment stays up to date.
In addition to doing risk assessments, providing the following will contribute to making the
workplace a safer place:
• Training and information
• Supervision
• First Aid
• Safety signs
Let’s Apply: Risk Assessment
Now that you know the general process of doing a risk assessment and taking other measures
to promote safety in the workplace, let’s think more specifically about the technical trade you
are interested in. This could be anything – welding, cookery, food and beverage service,
bookkeeping, computer systems servicing, bread and pastry production, electrical installation
and maintenance, etc. If you are new to the trade area, you will need to do some research on
line, talk to people you know in the trade and visit places where the trade is used.
You will now imagine that you are a worker or a manager at a business where your trade is
carried out. You will go through the steps of a risk assessment and write down ideas on what
this will look like for each step. Use the information above to guide you and talk to people
working in the trade to deepen your answers.
1. Identify the risks: What are the main hazards in your trade?
Hazards:
2. Identify who might be harmed: Who is most likely to be harmed and why? Are there
certain types of jobs in your trade that are more risky than others?
Who Might Get Harmed:
3. Evaluate the risk: What are the main risks and the things needed to do to manage these
risks? How likely is it that harm will be caused and what can be done about it?
Risk Evaluation and Possible Actions:
4. Record the findings: Develop a form for your trade area that workers could use to record
hazards, how people might be harmed by them and what is in place to control the risks.
Keep it simple!
Record of Hazards and Controls:
5. Regularly review the risk assessment and other OSH practices: What other actions
besides keeping the risk assessment up to date can be done in your technical trade to
promote OSH in the workplace?
Other OSH Practices for a Safe Workplace:
Sharing is caring
Share the work you have done on risk assessment with others. They might have additional ideas
on risk assessment and OSH practices that you can add to your ideas for the trade area you have
selected.
Activity 6: Safe Handling Procedures of Tools, Equipment and Materials

Objectives:
✓ Explain the general safety measures to take when using hand and power tools and
machinery and equipment
✓ Identify the tools, equipment and materials typically used in your technical trade ✓
Describe safety measures specific to your technical trade when using hand/power tools
and operating machinery and equipment
✓ Use methods of safe handling of tools and equipment if you can obtain a practical
experience in a work setting or at home
Now that you have explored general OSH practices such as risk assessment that will make
the workplace a safer place for employees, we will drill down further and consider the
tools, equipment and machinery used in the workplace. As in the previous activity, we
will start out with general safety practices and then you will consider these for your
specific technical trade.
Think about the hand and power tools that are typically used in your technical trade. For
instance, in carpentry you might use tools such as a hammer, screwdriver, hand saw,
circular saw, power drill, and sander, amongst many others!
13 14
13
"Open Lab Lyon Bron" by Sylvia Fredriksson is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view a copy of this license, visit
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
14
"Reciprocating saw" by Phil Parker is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view a copy of this license, visit
If you are new to your trade, be sure to do some research, talk to people who currently
work in the trade, or go observe in a workplace if possible.
🖉 Write the list of tools in the table below. For each tool, write down some safety
precautions you think would be necessary to take. Remember, the greatest hazards in
using hand tools are misuse and improper maintenance. For power tools, there is the
danger of electrical burns and shock.
Hand or Power Tool Safety Measures
Read the information below from NC I on safety tips for hand and power tools.
Supplement your list above with any additional safety measures you had not included.
NC I Review of Safety Tips for Hand and Power Tools15
Hand Tools:
Power Tools:
✓ Wear appropriate PPE such as safety
✓ Wear appropriate PPE such as safety
goggles and gloves.
goggles and gloves.
✓ Choose the right tool for the job – don’t
✓ Keep workplace floors clean and dry to
substitute! (e.g. Don’t use a screwdriver
avoid accidental slips while using tools.
in place of a pry bar).
✓ Never carry a tool by the cord or hose.
✓ Inspect tools before each use to make
✓ Never yank the cord or the hose to
sure they are in good condition – make
disconnect it from the receptacle.
sure tools meant to be sharp are not
✓ Keep cords and hoses away from heat,
dull; don’t use damaged tools.
oil, and sharp edges.
15
OSHA. (2002). Hand and Power Tools. US Department of Labor
✓ Repair damaged tools before using them.
✓ Disconnect tools when not using them,
✓ Don’t use broken or damaged tools, dull
before servicing and cleaning them, and
cutting tools, or screwdrivers with worn
when changing accessories such as
tips.
blades, bits, and cutters.
✓ Cut in a direction away from your body.
✓ Keep all people not involved with the
✓ Make sure your grip and footing are
work at a safe distance from the work
secure when using large tools.
area.
✓ Carry tools securely in a tool belt or box.
✓ Secure work with clamps or a vise,
Don’t carry tools up ladders. Use a hoist
freeing both hands to operate the tool.
or rope.
✓ Avoid accidental starting. Do not hold
✓ Never carry sharp or pointed tools such
fingers on the switch button while
as a screwdriver in your pocket.
carrying a plugged-in tool.
✓ Keep close track of tools when working
✓ Maintain tools with care; keep them
at heights. A falling tool can kill a
sharp and clean for best performance.
coworker.
✓ Follow instructions in the user’s manual
✓ Pass a tool to another person by the
for lubricating and changing accessories.
handle; never toss it to them.
✓ Be sure to keep good footing and
✓ Use the right personal protective
maintain good balance when operating
equipment (PPE) for the job. Follow
power tools.
company instructions for selecting and
✓ Wear proper apparel for the task. Loose
using safety eyewear, steel-toed shoes,
clothing, ties, or jewelry can become
gloves, hard hats, etc.
caught in moving parts.
✓ Keep the workplace floor and general
✓ Remove all damaged portable electric
area clean and dry to avoid slipping or
tools from use and tag them: “Do Not
tripping while carrying or using tools.
Use.”
Let’s Apply: Handling of Hand and Power Tools
Create an infographic or poster showing proper ways and reminders of handling hand and
power tools. Be specific for the technical trade you are exploring. Perhaps it will end up on the
wall of a workplace somewhere! If possible, try to find a way to actually get access to some of
the tools. Perhaps you know somebody in the trade or you can approach a business and ask if
you can observe, volunteer and learn from others on the job. Take a picture and post it in the
box below.
Now think about the equipment and machinery that are typically used in your technical
trade. For instance, in a bakery you might use equipment such as a mixer, different types
of ovens, a bread slicer, refrigerator, amongst many others!
16 17
If you are new to your trade, be sure to do some research, talk to people who currently
work in the trade, or go observe in a workplace if possible.
🖉 Write the list of equipment and machinery in the table below. For each item, write down
some safety precautions you think would be necessary to take. Remember, the greatest
hazards in using equipment and machinery can fall under mechanical (caused by the
moving parts) and non-mechanical hazards (by-products of using the machinery such as
harmful emissions, chemicals, gas, electricity and noise).
Equipment / Machinery Safety Measures
16
"Mixers and bins for flour and sugar" by sylvar is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view a copy of this license, visit
17
"Dough sheeter" by drooooo is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
Read the information below from NC I on safety tips for equipment and machinery.
Supplement your list above with any additional safety measures you had not included.
NC I Review of Safety Tips When Using Equipment and Machinery
✓ Workers should be trained in the use of equipment. Never hesitate to ask for
training. ✓ Keep the work area clean.
✓ Make sure equipment is in good working order (e.g. blades should be sharp) and
has safety guards.
✓ Wear appropriate personal protective gear.
✓ Make sure stationary equipment is anchored to the floor.
✓ Keep hands away from the cutting parts of a machine.
✓ Turn power off when not using the machine.
✓ Do not distract the operator as it could lead to injury.
✓ Wear appropriate clothing that will not get stuck in machines – no loose clothing
or jewelry.
✓ Clean and store equipment and tools after use.
Let’s Apply: Handling of Equipment and Machinery
As you did above, create an infographic or poster showing proper ways and reminders of
safely handling equipment and machinery for your technical trade. If possible, try to find
a way to actually get access to some of the equipment and machinery. Perhaps you
know somebody in the trade or you can approach a business and ask if you can observe
and learn from others on the job. (Remember though, you should not operate any
equipment or machinery without training!) Take a picture and post it in the box below.
Sharing is caring
Find somebody who works in or is familiar with the technical trade you are focusing on. Share
the work you have done on identifying the tools, equipment and machinery in your technical
trade and the safety measures you think are important. Show them your infographics/posters
too! Ask them to describe additional hand and power tools, and equipment and machinery you
may have forgotten and what safety precautions are needed. Ask them to share any experiences
in the workplace when safety measures were not adhere to and how this was handled. Write
additional information in the box below and add to your work above as well.

The Performance Criteria Check is an opportunity for you to assess your
activities in this session. You will speak to your facilitator to:
1. Share your experiences in completing the session.

2. Discuss your development and progress towards the intended skills.
3. Plan how you will move forward to continue making progress in the module.

cannot do it yet
YES NO
1. Explain how a risk assessment and other

OSH practices promote safety in the
workplace
2. Apply the steps of risk assessment to a

technical trade
3. Identify and prepare for effective OSH

practices in your technical trade
4. Explain the general safety measures to take
when using hand and power tools and
machinery and equipment
5. Describe safety measures specific to your

technical trade when using hand/power tools
and operating machinery and equipment
6. Use methods of safe handling of tools

and equipment

5. Review and check of the learner’s answers and outputs for the session. 6. Feedback on
the learner’s performance in terms of the following: mastery of content, skills development,
and pace in answering the module.

thoughts or ideas that have come to mind on the topic
Congratulations! You can move to the next session.
SESSION 3: Perform Tasks in Accordance with Relevant OSH Policies and

Procedures
3.1 Relevant OSH work procedures are identified in accordance with workplace
policies and procedures
3.2 Work activities are executed in accordance with OSH work standards
3.3 Non-compliance work activities are reported appropriate personnel
1. Working safely
2. Safe practices and procedures when on the job: safety for electricity, fire, lifting
and ladder use
3. Compliance to OSH standards and practices
✶ Working Safely Means

❑ Working in a manner that prevents injury to self and others
❑ Reporting unsafe conditions
❑ Participating in health and safety training, as required
❑ Using and wearing all required protective equipment and devices
✶ Safety for one is safety for all. One employee acting irresponsibly can endanger him
or herself and put others at risk. Work as a team and promote a culture of safety in
the workplace.
✶ DOLE’s Republic Act No. 11058 ensures a safe and healthful workplace for all
working people by providing them protection against hazards.
✶ Failure to comply with the OSH standards and practices in the Republic Act No. 11058
will result in fines.
Activity 7: Executing Work Activities According to OSH Work Standards

Objectives:
✓ Describe why teamwork is essential for OSH in the workplace

✓ Design precaution and safety protocols in the workplace
✓ Identify safety protocols to prevent common hazards such as electrical shock, fires,
lifting injuries and ladder accidents
✓ Practice occupation safety and health at all times in the workplace
Think about the statement and answer the questions.
Safety for one is safety for all.
1. Explain what the statement means in your own words.
2. Give examples of what could happen if one person in a workplace does not follow
safety rules.
3. Think back to the modules on team work and collaboration. How can teamwork make
a workplace safer?
4. What needs to be in place for there to be teamwork on safety and health in the
workplace?
Supplement your answers by reading more below!
Safety for one is safety for all. One employee acting irresponsibly can not only endanger
him or herself, but also put others at risk. All employees have a role to play in ensuring a
work environment that is safe and healthy for all working in it. Considering that safety is
a concern for all, a team effort to making sure work activities are carried out following
OSH standards is necessary. Having a workplace Safety Team can be beneficial, bringing
workers and managers together to promote and maintain a safe, healthful workplace.
The Team ensures that safety is treated as an integral function of the company.
• Things to consider as an employee

or manager:
Work Readiness Modules on 21st Century

Skills | USAID Opportunity 2.0 Program| Philippines Page 58
• Utilize employee
feedback to reassess
•
the safety program
• Safety is A Team Effort
• Employees should feel ownership in the

•
safety process
o Educate everyone in the workplace about the safety requirements and consider
posting a list of workplace safety tips.
o Always keep the communication lines open in order to promote and maintain a safe
environment.
o Immediately notify others of any hazards that you perceive in the workplace and
nearby environment.
o Be alert to hazards that could affect anyone — not just yourself; in this respect,
maintain a team mentality at all times.
o Report hazardous conditions immediately to a team leader, supervisor or manager. o
Be conscious as to what others are doing around you, and do your best to ensure you
don’t pose a hazard to them (and vice versa).
Some types of hazards can be present in many technical trades. Read the following
scenarios and identify the actions that can be taken in the workplace to prevent such
situations. Then think about your technical trade in specific and what types of
precautions can be put into place to avoid the hazards.
Scenario 1: Electrical shock!

Daniel works in a fish processing company where they cook, prepare and package fish to sell to
restaurants and large supermarkets. One of Daniel’s tasks is to retrieve the fish stored in the
refrigerators and bring it to the area where they prepare it. One day he opened the metal door
of one of the refrigerators and got a shock that left his hands and arms burned.
What could have been the problem and what safety measures should have been in place to
avoid this accident?18
18
Source: https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/kitchen-restaurant-empty-interior-with
supplies_6823176.htm#page=1&query=commercial%20refrigeration&position=29
Scenario 2: Fire!19
Go Go Garage was a popular place for car repairs. One day they became so busy they were not
able to keep up with the work. Employees were tired and the garage was becoming quite
disorganized with tools and supplies scattered about. While some workers were welding a crack
in a car’s muffler system, sparks flew out and landed on an open can of auto paint. Within
minutes it caught fire and started spreading throughout the shop. Some workers searched for
fire extinguishers but could not find them. It became too hot and everyone evacuated the
garage.
What caused the fire and what factors made the situation worse? How could the fire have been
prevented?
19
Source: https://unsplash.com/photos/-v9Z6-uJxk4
Scenario 3: Oh my back!
Maria works in the accounting office of a health and fitness center. One day a delivery of
equipment was left in the doorway. She knew that clients would soon be arriving so needed to
move the boxes. It was early, however, and nobody was around to help her. The boxes were
heavy but she was determined to move them. When she bent over to lift the second box, she
felt a sharp pain move through her back and she cried out in pain. She fell down on the floor
and couldn’t get up.
20
What happened and how could Maria have handled the situation differently for her own safety?
20
Source: https://unsplash.com/photos/W8CyjblrF8U
Scenario 4: Ladder of success?21

Carlos was at the end
of his very long
shift but needed to
finish painting the
top of a wall in a new
office building
they were constructing.
He placed an
old, wobbly ladder
against the wall
and climbed up. The
area he needed
to paint was just
beyond his reach
but if he stood on the top rung of the
ladder he would be able to get it. As
he was painting, he dropped the
brush and tried to catch it. He lost his
balance and tumbled off the ladder
to the floor below. He landed on his left side, breaking his shoulder.
What happened and what safety procedures should be put into place to avoid this problem in
the future?
21
Source: https://unsplash.com/photos/eEjD0kK1NHY
Read Key Facts 7.8 below to learn more about OSH practices and supplement your
answers above!
📄 Key Facts 7.8: Safe Practices and Procedures when on the Job 22 23
Electrical Safety Fire Safety
✓Always assume that a ✓Think about the

circuit is energized. risks of fire and
✓Ensure that workers explosions from
know how to use the the substances
electrical equipment you use or create in your business
safely. and consider how you might
✓Make sure enough sockets are available. remove or reduce the risks
Check that socket outlets are not ✓Keep information about which
overloaded by using unfused adaptors as substances might be flammable
this can cause fires. ✓Consider reducing the amount of
✓Ensure there are no trailing cables that flammable/explosive substances
can cause people to trip or fall. you store on site
✓Switch off and unplug appliances ✓Keep the area well ventilated,
before cleaning or adjusting them. especially if dealing with fumes and
✓Ensure everyone looks for electrical wires, chemicals. ✓Keep sources of ignition (eg
cables or equipment near where they are naked flames, sparks) and substances
going to work and check for signs warning of that burn (eg vapour, dusts) apart
dangers from electricity, or any other ✓Get rid of flammable/explosive
hazard. Checks should be made around the substances safely
job, and remember that electrical cables ✓Never fight a grease fire with water;
may be within walls, floors and ceilings water will splash the oil and spread
(especially when drilling into these the flames.
locations) etc. ✓Review your risk assessment regularly
✓Make sure anyone working with electricity ✓Maintain good housekeeping, e.g.
has sufficient skills, knowledge and avoid build-up of rubbish, dust or
experience to do so. Incorrectly wiring a grease that could start a fire or make
plug can be dangerous and lead to fatal one worse ✓Come up with a fire
accidents or fires. emergency
✓Inspect tools, power cords, and electrical plan; ensure that everyone knows
fittings for damage or wear prior to each and understands it.
use. Repair or replace damaged equipment
immediately.
22
Department of Labor and Employment, Occupational Safety and Health Center. (n.d.). Basic Occupational Safety and Health Training.
http://www.oshc.dole.gov.ph/images/OSHTrainingAnnouncement/BOSH-Manual_Narrative-Handout.pdf
23
Health and Safety Executive. (n.d.). The Health and Safety Toolbox: How to Control Risks at Work. Retrieved January 29, 2021, from
https://www.hse.gov.uk/toolbox/index.htm. “Contains public sector information published by the Health and Safety Executive and licensed
under the Open Government Licence”.
✓Stop using equipment immediately if it ✓Practice fire drills.
appears to be faulty – have it checked by ✓Be aware of the whereabouts and use
a competent person. of fire extinguishers.
✓Observe proper maintenance schedules
of electrical equipment, loads and wires. * For more detailed information see
✓Consider using a residual current device the BOSH manual in the footnote
(RCD) between the electrical supply and below.
the
equipment, especially when working
outdoors, or within a wet or confined
✓Do not block access to circuit breakers or
fuse boxes.
✓Do not touch a person or electrical
apparatus in the event of an electrical
accident. Always disconnect the current
first.
✓Always use ladders made of wood or other
non-conductive materials when working
with or near electricity or power lines.
✓Adhere to strictly established regulations
of the Philippine Electrical Code.
Lifting Safety Ladder Safety
✓When moving materials manually, ✓Ensure ladders are

attach handles or holders to loads. secure and
✓Wear appropriate personal steady before climbing
protective equipment. aboard.
• Hand and forearm protection such as ✓Never climb on
gloves for loads with sharp or rough improvised
edges ladders. Shelves and
• Eye protection storage units are poor
• Steel toed safety shoes or boots substitutes. Don’t be lazy, and find
• Metal fiber or plastic metatarsal guards a proper solid ladder.
to protect the in-step area from impact ✓Don’t let appearances fool you.
or compression. Railings might appear solid and fixed,
✓Use proper lifting techniques (position but they might be improperly
yourself correctly, lift with your legs, not secured; at least, test them first.
your back and set the load down ✓Use safety harnesses if your job
correctly)to prevent injury from oversize includes heights.
loads. Seek help when: ✓Eliminate distractions when working on
• A load is so bulky that you cannot a roof, scaffold, or other elevated
properly grasp or lift it; platform. More than ever, stay
• You cannot see around or over a load focused and alert!
or; • When employees cannot safely
handle a load.
✓Use blocking materials to manage loads safely.
✓Avoid overloading equipment ✓Keep an eye out on the floor to
when moving materials ensure it’s free of obstacles and
mechanically. spills. If it isn’t, get cleaning!
✓Basic tips when using a fork lift
truck for stacking and storing
materials include: 24
• Center the load on the forks
as close to the mast as possible to
avoid tipping or the load falling
• Avoid overloading
• Adjust the load to the lowest position
when traveling
Let’s Apply: Working Safely25
Now think about a typical workplace of your technical trade or from a recent job you held.
Identify the key tasks or activities that you would do in the job and the hazards or risks present.
Then identify the methods to control the hazard, pulling together what you have learned in
module so far about OSH practices. Use the template below to complete this activity.
TASKS/ Activity Hazards or Methods to Control the Hazard
Risks Present
Remove/ Improve Use PPE
Minimize Work (List PPE
Hazards Policies and required)
Procedures
24
Image from: "Fork Lift Truck Moving Boxes" by Whitefields Document Storage is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view
a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
25
Workplace Safety Tips: A Comprehensive Resource
Activity 8: Reporting OSH Non-Compliance Activities

Objectives:
✓ Explain what it means to comply or not comply to OSH standards in the
workplace
✓ Identify typical areas of non-compliance in the workplace
✓ Analyze why employers and employees might not comply with OSH standards
and practices
✓ Describe the consequences of non-compliance to OSH standards
In Session 1 you learned about DOLE’s Republic Act No. 11058 and roles and
responsibilities of employers and employees in following OSH standards. The title of the
act is “An Act Strengthening Compliance With Occupational Safety and Health Standards
and Providing Penalties for Violations Thereof”.
1. In your own words, what is the meaning of this title and the purpose of the act?
2. What do you think happens to employers and employees who do not comply with
Occupational Safety and Health standards?
Re-read Key Facts 7.2: Declaration Policy found in Session 1 Activity 3 to refresh your
minds on the duties and rights of employers and employees in complying with the OSH
Standards Law (RA No. 11058).
Think about it and discuss!

A headline in the Manila Bulletin read “DOLE slaps P2.4 million in penalties on occupational
safety, health violators in Region 1”.26
Discuss the newspaper headline with a family member or friend who is familiar with
Occupational Safety and Health. Brainstorm a list of possible reasons these penalties were
given. What are common violations of OSH practices in the workplace for your technical trade?
Other trades? Write your ideas below.
It turns out that 27 companies were given fines for the following infractions: lack of safety
officer and trained first aider, safety signages and barricades, mandatory OSH orientation
for workers, first aid kits, TESDA certificates for the operation of heavy equipment, OSH
policies and reports, testing certificates for heavy equipment and fire fighting
equipment; non-provision of safe drinking water and emergency medicines; poor
housekeeping and non-registration of establishment. Check to see if you had any of
these violations listed above!
All of these violations come with penalties ranging from P20,000 to P100,000.that are
described in Section 29 Prohibited Acts and its Corresponding Penalties. For example,
26
Manilabulletin_admin. (2020, January 20). DOLE slaps P2.4 million in penalties on occupational safety, health
violators in Region 1. Retrieved February 01, 2021, from https://mb.com.ph/2020/01/21/dole-slaps-p2-4-million
in-penalties-on-occupational-safety-health-violators-in-region-1/
there is a fee of P50,000 if an employer does not provide PPE to employees.
🖉 What do you think are the main reasons of non-compliance by employers? By employees?
Write your ideas below in the table.
Reasons for Non-compliance by Employee: Reasons for Non-compliance by Employer:
There are many reasons why employers and employees might not comply with OSH
practices and procedures. These could be situational or organizational. An employee
might have a heavy workload and be tired. She or he could be facing time pressure to
get a job done. Perhaps the organization has not properly trained the employee in the
use of equipment or in safety procedures so mistakes are made. The company might
have limited resources so is cutting back on things like training, supervision and taking
time to inspect equipment.
As you have learned in the previous sessions, employers and employees have both rights
and responsibilities in ensuring OSH standards and practices are carried out in the
workplace. Being aware of what these are is a first step to making sure it happens.
Employees do have the right to report any hazards or accidents in the workplace to their
supervisors, managers, and to DOLE and other government agencies (see Section 7:
Workers' Right to Report Accidents of RA No. 11058).
Everybody has a role in ensuring OSH standards and procedures are carried out in the
workplace. With team work, good communication and commitment to a safe
environment, every business or organization can achieve this, resulting in a more
productive and successful workplace.

The Performance Criteria Checklist is an opportunity for you to assess your
activities in this session. You will speak to your facilitator to
1. Share your experiences in completing the session
2. Discuss your development and progress towards the intended skills
3. Plan how you will move forward to continue making progress in the module

cannot do it yet
YES NO
1. Describe why teamwork is essential for OSH

in the workplace
2. Design precaution and safety protocols in

the workplace
3. Identify safety protocols to prevent

common hazards such as electrical shock,
fires, lifting injuries and ladder accidents
4. Identify typical areas of non-compliance to

OSH standards in the workplace
5. Analyze why employers and employees

might not comply with OSH standards and
practices
6. Describe the consequences of non-compliance

to OSH standards


5. Review and check of the learner’s answers and outputs for the session. 6.
Feedback on the learner’s performance in terms of the following: mastery of
content, skills development, and pace in answering the module.

thoughts or ideas that have come to mind about the topic.
Congratulations! You are now ready to proceed to the last session.
SESSION 4: Review and Assessment
Activity 9: Post-Module Learner’s Reflection

Objectives:
✓ Reflect on skills and knowledge gained throughout the module
Post-Learner’s Reflection: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and

Procedures (NC II Level)
End-of-Module Skills Check
Now that you have reached the end of the module, let us see if you are able to develop the
necessary skills in Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and Procedures for NC II
Level, conduct a self-assessment and complete the table below.
Statements on my experience, knowledge, skills and Circle YES if you have shown or can do
abilities / Mga pahayag tungkol sa aking kaalaman, the statement, NO if not /
kasanayan at kakayahan Bilugan ang OO kung naipakita o
nagawa mo na ang mga pahayag,
I can… / Kaya ko nang… HINDI kung hindi pa naipakita o
nagawa
Define basic Occupational Safety and Health concepts and Yes No
principles / Oo Hindi
Mabigyang‐kahulugan ang pangkaraniwang paksa at
prinsipyo ng Occupational Safety and Health (OSH).
Identify key strategies needed to promote Occupational Safety Yes No

and Health in the workplace / Oo Hindi
Matukoy ang natatanging estratehiyang kinakailangan
upang maitaguyod ang OSH sa lugar ng trabaho.
Describe the key elements of a workplace Occupational Safety Yes No

and Health Program / Oo Hindi
Malarawan ang mga natatanging elemento ng Programang
Recognize the duties and rights of employers and employees Yes No

regarding Occupational Safety and Health requirements, Oo Hindi
regulations, policies and procedures in the workplace /
Matukoy ang mga tungkulin at karapatan ng mga may‐ari at
empleyado patungkol sa mga pangangailangan, pamantayan,
polisiya at pamamaraan sa lugar ng trabaho alinsunod sa OSH.
nagawa
Describe the main elements of DOLES’s Republic Act 11058 Yes No

(Declaration Policy) / Oo Hindi
Mailarawan ang mga pangunahing elemento ng DOLE’s
Republic Act 11058 (Paglalahad ng Polisiya)
Apply DOLE’s Declaration Policy to specific situations in Yes No

determining how to handle OSH issues / Oo Hindi
Mailapat ang Paglalahad ng Polisiya ng DOLE sa mga tukoy
na sitwasyon upang matukoy ang angkop na pamamaraan
sa paghahawak ng mga isyu patungkol sa OSH.
Identify hazards and potential actions to take in accordance Yes No

with OSH work policies and procedures / Oo Hindi
Matukoy ang mga panganib at mga karampatang aksyon at
solusyon alinsunod sa polisiya at pamantayan ng OSH sa lugar
ng trabaho.
Describe the role of employees and employers in preventing Yes No

and controlling hazards and risks / Oo Hindi
Mailarawan ang tungkulin ng mga may‐ari at empleyado
upang maiwasan at mapangasiwaan ang mga panganib.
Use the Hierarchy of Control in determining actions to take in Yes No

controlling hazards / Oo Hindi
Magamit ang Hagdanan ng Kontrol sa pagtukoy ng angkop
na aksyon upang mapangasiwaan ang mga panganib.
Explain how a risk assessment and other OSH practices Yes No
promote safety in the workplace / Oo Hindi
Maipaliwanag kung paano ang pagtatasa ng panganib at iba
pang gawaing OSH ay makatataguyod ng kaligtasan sa lugar
ng trabaho.
Apply the steps of risk assessment to a technical trade / Yes No

Mailapat ang mga hakbang ng pagtatasa ng panganib sa Oo Hindi
isang gawaing teknikal.
Identify and prepare for effective OSH practices in your Yes No

technical trade / Oo Hindi
Matukoy at maihanda ang epektibong pamamaraang OSH
sa iyong sariling gawaing teknikal o trabaho.
Explain the general safety measures to take when using Yes No

hand/power tools and machinery and equipment / Oo Hindi
Maipaliwanag ang pangkalahatang pamamaraan para sa
pangkaligtasan na angkop sundin kung gumagamit ng
hand/power tools, at makina at iba pang kagamitan sa
trabaho.
Describe safety measures specific to your technical trade when Yes No

using hand/power tools and operating machinery and Oo Hindi
equipment /
Mailarawan ang mga pamamaraang pangkaligtasan na tukoy
sa iyong gawaing teknikal o trabaho sa paggamit ng
hand/power tool and pagpapagana ng makina at iba pang
kagamitan sa trabaho.
nagawa
Use methods of safe handling of tools and equipment / Yes No

Masundan ang mga pamamaraang pangkaligtasan sa maingat Oo Hindi
at ligtas na paghaawak at paggamit ng makina at kagamitan.
Describe why teamwork is essential for OSH in the Yes No

workplace / Mailarawan ang kahalagahan ng pagkakaisa sa Oo Hindi
Design precaution and safety protocols in the workplace / Yes No

Makabuo ng disenyo patungkol sa pamantayan at Oo Hindi
pamamaraang pangkaligtasan at pag‐iwas sa panganib sa
lugar ng trabaho.
Identify safety protocols to prevent common hazards such as Yes No

electrical shock, fires, lifting injuries and ladder accidents / Oo Hindi
Matukoy ang pangkaligtasang pamantayan upang maiwasan
ang pangkaraniwang panganib tulad ng pagkakakuryernte,
sunog, mga pinsala sa pagbubuhat at aksidente sa hagdan.
Identify typical areas of non-compliance to OSH standards in Yes No
the workplace / Matukoy ang pangkaraniwang lugar o Oo Hindi
aspeto ng trabaho na hindi nakasusunod sa pamantayan ng
OSH.
Analyze why employers and employees might not comply with Yes No
OSH standards and practices / Oo Hindi
Maipaliwanag kung bakit ang mga may‐ari at empleyado ay
hindi nakasusunod sa pamantayan at pamamaraang OSH.
Describe the consequences of non-compliance to OSH Yes No

standards / Nailalarawan ang mga maaaring bunga ng hindi Oo Hindi
pagsunod sa mga pamantayang OSH.
Look at your answers, were there boxes where you circled No? If there are, go back to the
activities in the module that will help you gain the skill identified in the statement. You can also
reach out to your facilitator/trainer to provide you with guidance on what activities you can do
in order to master the skill.
Activity 10: End-of-Module Assessment - Performance Task and Quiz
Objectives:
✓ Apply the main concepts of Occupational Safety and Health learned in the module
to a workplace scenario
✓ Correctly answer the questions pertaining to the concepts discussed in the
module
Performance Task: Hazards at the Automotive Manufacturing Company!
As an expert in OSH standards and procedures, you have been called in to assist a fast-growing
company that manufactures and repairs automotive parts. They were recently fined by DOLE for
several violations, including not providing employees with the proper PPE, lack of safety signs in
hazardous areas, outdated equipment and not properly orienting employees on OSH practices
or the use of equipment. In addition, the work areas of the company were very disorganized,
with open cans of flammable liquids and no obvious signs of a fire extinguisher. Your main tasks
are to:
1. Help the company create an Occupational Safety and Health program. What are the main
elements? List them here and explain to the company employees what each one means.
Main Elements of an OSH Program:
2. Guide the company in doing a risk assessment. What are the basic steps of a risk assessment?
Basic Steps of a Risk Assessment:
3. List some of the safety issues and hazards based on the information you have been given.
Also name the category of hazard each one falls under.
Safety Issues and Hazards:
4. Based on the safety issues and hazards identified, give some safety tips for handling these
hazards and preventing their occurrence in the future. If you are in a location that has some
of the materials on hand, demonstrate at least 3 of these safety tips.
Safety Tips:
5. Explain the hierarchy of control to the company employees.

Hierarchy of Control:
Rubric for the Performance Task – Hazards at the Automotive Manufacturing Company!
Instructions: Use this rubric/worksheet in rating the performance of the trainee in answering
the questions.
Once done grading, provide your feedback to the trainee.
Name of the Learner/Trainee
Name of the Facilitator/Trainer

Rubric: Put a check on the column that shows your rating for the trainee’s performance based
on the statements.
Statement 1 2 3 4
The learner was able to… Beginning Developing Mostly Accomplishe
Accomplished d
1. Name the main elements

of an
organizational/business
OSH Program
2. Identify the basic steps of

a risk assessment
3. Identify and describe

the types of hazards
present
4. Provide safety tips for

different types of hazards
5. Demonstrate the use

of safety precautions (if
possible)
6. Describe the hierarchy

of control
Comments/Suggestions /Feedback:
End-of-Module Assessment
Congratulations for finishing Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and
Procedures for National Certificate Level II! At the end of every module you will take a short
assessment to see how much you have learned. It will help you and your trainer identify the
knowledge and skills you know and what still needs reinforcing. The results will not affect your
ability to continue in the program.
Structure of the Assessment: It has a total of 10 questions. Some questions are multiple choice
and some questions are true or false. You should choose only ONE answer for each question.
Once you have finished answering the questions, note down any clarifications you want to ask
your trainer.
Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and

Procedures (NC II Level)
Circle an answer for each question.

English Tagalog
1. Under the OSH Act, employers are 1. Sa ilalim ng OSH Act, ang mga may-ari
responsible for providing __________. a. A ng kompanya ay responsible sa pagbibigay
safe workplace ng _________.
b. Land a. ligtas na lugar ng trabaho
c. Insurance b. lupa
d. Estimation c. insurance
d. pag-eestima
2. OSH was created to 2. Ginawa ang OSH upang

__________. a. Conduct data _________. a. magsagawa ng
analysis pagsusuri ng datos b. mabawasan
b. Reduce hazards ang mga sakuna
c. Create ecological development c. makagawa ng ekolohiyang pag-
d. Conduct EIA analysis unlad d. magsawa ng pagsusuri ng
EIA
3. Which institution establishes and ensures 3. Aling institusyon ang nagtatalaga at

the upholding of responsibilities and nagsisiguro ng karapatan ang tungkulin ng
rights for employers and employees? empleyado at may-ari ng kompanya ? a.
a. DILG DILG
b. DA b. DA
c. DOLE c. DOLE
d. DFA d. DFA
4. OSH ensures that employees have been 4. Sinisiguro ng OSH na ang mga
provided with _________. empleyado ay nabibigyan ng _________.
a. hazard pay
a. Hazard Pay b. PPE
b. PPE c. insurance
c. Insurance d. burial permit
d. Burial Permit
5. What is the best way of dealing with a 5. Ano ang pinakamainam na paraan sa
hazard to ensure others are not put at pagsisiguro na ang kapwa mo trabahador
risk? ay ligtas?
a. Remove it a. tanggalin ang hazard
b. Leave it for others to sort out b. iwan ang hazard para makita ng
c. Place a barrier tape around it iba c. lagyan ng tape sa paligid nito
d. Display a notice warning or a d. magkabit ng babala
warning sign
6. How can workers best contribute to a 6. Paano makatutulong ang mga

positive safety culture in the empleyado upagm magkaroon ng positibo
workplace? Select all that apply. at ligtas na kultura sa lugar ng trabaho?
a. Know how to complete work Piliin ang mga titik ng tamang sagot.
quickly if things go wrong Maaaring higit pa sa isa ang piliin.
b. Report any accidents that have a. Alamin kung paano matatapos nang
occurred. mabilis ang trabaho kung magsimulang
c. Report any unsafe conditions as masira ang mga makina sa trabaho
soon as possible b. I-report kaagad ang mga hindi ligtas na
d. Know the location of the first aid kondisyon.
kit and accident book c. I-report kaagad ang mga nakitang
posibleng panggalingan ng sakuna.
d. Alamin kung nasaan ang first-aid kit at
accident book.
7. Which of the following is the legal 7. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang tungkulin ng
responsibility of the employer regarding may-ari ng kompanya patungkol sa
health and safety in the workplace? pagpapantiling malusog at ligtas ang lugar
Select all that apply. ng trabaho?
a. Charging employees for replacing a. Pagbayarin ang empleyado sa nasira o
damaged or lost PPE nawalang PPE.
b. Providing PPE to employees b. Magbigay ng PPE sa mga empleyado c.
c. Taking out additional insurances Bawasan ang mga benepisyo at insurance
for dangerous work sa mga empleyadong may mapanganib na
d. Training employees in safety trabaho.
procedures d. Bigyan ng pagsasanay ang mga
empleyado tungkol sa mga ligtas na
pamamaraan.

Module 7 - NC II - Practicing OSH Policies and Procedures - Final

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Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and Procedures (NC II) Learner’s Handbook

© 2020 Education Development Center, Inc.

Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies

Summary of Learning Outcomes

 Session 1: Identify OSH compliance requirements (L.O. 1)

2. Understanding general OSH principles 45-60 minutes

3. OSH requirements, regulations, policies and procedures 45-60 minutes

4. OSH preventive and control requirements 60-90 minutes

 Session 2: Prepare OSH requirements for compliance (L.O. 2)

6. Safe handling procedures of tools, equipment, and materials 45-60 minutes

Session 3: Perform tasks in accordance with relevant OSH policies

8. Reporting OSH non-compliance activities 30-60 minutes

 Session 4: Review and Assessment

10. End-of-Module Assessment (performance Task & Quiz) (45-60 minutes)

Total Time 5.5 – 8 hours

❑ Let’s Exercise: What is OSH? (Activity 1)

❑ Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program (Activity

SESSION 1: Introduction to Problem Solving

1.1 Relevant OSH requirements, regulations, policies and procedures

1.2 OSH activity nonconformities are conveyed to appropriate personnel

1.3 OSH preventive and control requirements are identified in accordance

1. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

Activity 1: Introductory Activity & Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection

✓ Share experiences and knowledge in policies and practices related

Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection:

Define basic Occupational Safety and

Identify key strategies needed to

Describe the key elements of a

Recognize the duties and rights of

Describe the main elements of DOLES’s

Apply DOLE’s Declaration Policy to

Identify hazards and potential actions

Describe the role of employees and

Use the Hierarchy of Control in

Explain how a risk assessment and

Apply the steps of risk assessment to a

Identify and prepare for effective OSH

Explain the general safety measures to

Describe safety measures specific to

Use methods of safe handling of tools

Describe why teamwork is essential for

Design precaution and safety protocols

Identify safety protocols to prevent

Identify typical areas of non-

Analyze why employers and employees

Describe the consequences of non

Let’s Exercise: What is OSH?

After watching the video, answer the following questions below:

1. What is Occupational Safety and Health?

4. As an employee at an organization or company, how do you think you and your

📄 Key Facts 7.1: What is Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?

Activity 2: Understanding General OSH Principles

Program 🕒 Recommended Time: 45-60 minutes

1. Avoid and prevent hazards.

1. Who would need to be involved and how?

Management • Management committed to improving safety & health

• Workers involved in all aspects of safety & health

• Regular monitoring and actions taken to improve safety &

Activity 3: OSH Requirements, Regulations, Policies and Procedures

🕒 Recommended Time: 45-60 minutes

Read the following scenario and answer the questions.

1. What is the issue in this scenario?

Let’s Exercise: Duties and Rights of Employers and Employees in OSH

1. Employers must give complete job safety instructions to all