Module 7 - NC II - Practicing OSH Policies and Procedures - Final

Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and Procedures (NC II) Learner’s Handbook
Acknowledgements
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adaptation of this curriculum.
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of-school youth (OSY) by collaboratively working with TESDA in strengthening its technical
education and training systems to develop, deliver and monitor workforce readiness and
technical-vocational training programs that will prepare large numbers of out-of-school youth
to transition to further education and training, immediate jobs and self-employment
opportunities. In line with this objective, Opportunity 2.0 has developed the Work Readiness
Modules on 21st Century Skills modules which are appropriate for self-directed learning or
modular learning delivery.
The 21st Century Skills Curriculum is an adaptation of EDC’s globally recognized Work Ready
Now. The curriculum addresses the TESDA Amended Competency Standards for Basic
Competencies Integrating 21st Century Skills which were promulgated on July 9, 2019.
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Table of Contents
Summary of Learning Outcomes 4
Module Overview 4
Written Assignments 5
Skills Demonstration 5
SESSION 1: Introduction to Problem Solving 6
Activity 1: Introductory Activity & Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection 8
Activity 2: Understanding General OSH Principles 16
Activity 3: OSH Requirements, Regulations, Policies and Procedures 20
Activity 4: OSH Preventive and Control Requirements 28
SESSION 2: Prepare OSH Requirements for Compliance 40
Activity 5: Setting the Stage for a Safe Workplace 41
Activity 6: Safe Handling Procedures of Tools, Equipment and Materials 46
SESSION 3: Perform Tasks in Accordance with Relevant OSH Policies and Procedures 56
Activity 7: Executing Work Activities According to OSH Work Standards 57
Activity 8: Reporting OSH Non-Compliance Activities 67
SESSION 4: Review and Assessment 73
Activity 9: Post-Module Learner’s Reflection 73
Activity 10: End-of-Module Assessment - Performance Task and Quiz 76
Key to Correction 82
Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies

and Procedures (NC II Level)
A Unit of Competency under Basic Competency on Occupational Health & Safety
“An incident is just the tip of the iceberg, a sign of a much larger problem below
the surface.” - Dan Brown
(“Ang isang maling pangyayari ay nasa ibabaw lamang, ito ay
isang sintomas ng mas malaking problema sa ilalim.”)
Unit Code: 400311216

Unit Descriptor: This unit covers the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to
identify OSH compliance requirements, prepare OSH requirements for compliance,
perform tasks in accordance with relevant OSH policies and procedures.
Summary of Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of the module you will be able to:
 L.O. 1 - Identify OSH compliance requirements
 L.O. 2 - Prepare OSH requirements for compliance
 L.O. 3 - Perform tasks in accordance with relevant OSH policies and procedures
Module Overview
Activity  Recommended Time

 Session 1: Identify OSH compliance requirements (L.O. 1)
1. Introductory Activity & Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection (45-60 minutes)
2. Understanding general OSH principles 45-60 minutes
3. OSH requirements, regulations, policies and procedures 45-60 minutes
4. OSH preventive and control requirements 60-90 minutes
 Session 2: Prepare OSH requirements for compliance (L.O. 2)
5. Identifying, preparing OSH work activity material, tools, and 60-90 minutes
equipment requirements
6. Safe handling procedures of tools, equipment, and materials 45-60 minutes
Session 3: Perform tasks in accordance with relevant OSH policies and

procedures (L.O. 3)
7. Executing work activities according to OSH work standards 45-60 minutes
8. Reporting OSH non-compliance activities 30-60 minutes
 Session 4: Review and Assessment

9. Post-Module Learner’s Reflection (10-20 minutes)
10. End-of-Module Assessment (performance Task & Quiz) (45-60 minutes)
Total Time 5.5 – 8 hours
Written Assignments
Please complete all written work in the module. Your skills in this module will be evaluated
through the following:
 Let’s Exercise: What is OSH? (Activity 1)

 Let’s Exercise: Duties and Rights of Employers and Employees in OSH (Activity 3)
 Think About It Notes – Mental Health and Safety in the Workplace (Activity 4)
 Reasons for Non-compliance by Employee and Employer (Activity 9)
Skills Demonstration
The following activities will help you develop the knowledge and skills to achieve the learning
outcomes of this module:
 Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program (Activity 2)

 Let’s Apply: OSH in the Workplace (Activity 3)
 Let’s Apply: Assessing the OSH of your Home and Workplace (Activity 4)
 Let’s Apply: Risk Assessment (Activity 5)
 Let’s Apply: Handling of Hand and Power Tools (Activity 6)
 Let’s Apply: Handling of Equipment and Machinery (Activity 6)
 Let’s Apply: Working Safely (Activity 7)
SESSION 1: Introduction to Problem Solving
Performance Criteria:
1.1 Relevant OSH requirements, regulations, policies and procedures are
identified in accordance with workplace policies and procedures
1.2 OSH activity nonconformities are conveyed to appropriate personnel
1.3 OSH preventive and control requirements are identified in accordance with
OSH work policies and procedures
 Key Topics and Learning Points 
1. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

2. Hazards and risks in the workplace
3. General OSH Principles
4. Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program
5. OSH requirements, regulations, policies and procedures - DOLES’s Republic Act 11058
(Declaration Policy) and DOLE Dept Order No. 198 s. 2018 – Implementing Rules and
Regulation of RA 11058
6. OSH Preventive and Control Requirements, including Implementing Rules and regulations
on RA 11036 or the Mental Health Act
7. Work Safety Tips for Employees
8. S.A.M Principles or the Think Safe Steps- Spot the Hazard, Assess the Risk, Make the
Changes
9. Hierarchy of Controls
 The goal of an occupational safety and health program is to foster a safe and healthy work
environment and ensure protection for everyone.
 A hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something
or someone.
 Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an
adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard.
 General OSH principles include avoiding and preventing hazards, using safe technology,
making sure the work environment is safe, integrating safety and health practices such as
breaks into production, and eliminating workplace risks at the source.
 Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program: management leadership,
worker participation, hazard identification & assessment, hazard prevention & control,
education & training, and program evaluation & improvement
 Employers and employees both have responsibilities in ensuring and carrying out
OSH activities in the workplace.
 Hierarchy of Controls:
- Elimination (most effective)
- Substitution
- Engineering controls
- Administrative controls
- Personal protective equipment (least effective)
Activity 1: Introductory Activity & Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection
Objectives:
 Share experiences and knowledge in policies and practices related to

Occupational Safety and Health
 Assess one’s knowledge and skills of Occupational Safety and Health
 Deepen understanding of Occupational Safety and Health concepts and principles
 Recommended Time: 45 - 60 minutes
Welcome to Module 7, which will teach you about Practicing Occupational Safety and
Health Policies and Procedures for National Certificate Level II! This module looks into
the health and safety conditions of workers while in the workplace. Accountability,
liability and other safety concerns will be elaborated in the succeeding activities. Many
articles would tell us that despite the advances in technologies and studies there still risk
in workplace that could have avoided if proper assessment of risk management is in
place.
Activities in this module are designed to assist workers to know how to identify risks in
workplaces regardless of years of experience working in the same company, and to help
workers understand their rights and the company’s accountability as well.
 What do you know about Occupational Safety and Health? What is its importance in the
workplace?
Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection:

Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and Procedures (NC II Level)
Start-of-Module Skills Check
This is not a test but is a way for you to see what you already know or do not know about the
topics. You will read a skill that is listed in the left column. Think about yourself and your
experience. Then read the statements across the top. Check the column that best represents
your situation. The results will help you and your teacher know which topics may require more
time, effort and guidance.
Ito ay hindi pagsusulit. Ito ay isang paraan upang malaman mo ang iyong kaalaman, kasanayan
o kakayahan tungkol sa paksang ito. Basahin mo ang mga kaalaman, kasanayan o kakayahan
na nakalista sa kaliwang hanay. Magbalik‐tanaw sa iyong sarili at mga karanasan. Basahin ang
lahat ng mga pangungusap at i‐tsek ang sagot na naaangkop sa iyong sitwasyon. Ang iyong
kasagutan ay magiging gabay mo at ng iyong guro sa pagpapalawak ng iyong kaalaman
tungkol sa paksang ito.
My experience 1 2 3 4
Knowledge, skills and abilities I don’t I have little I have I have a lot
have any experience some of experience
Kaalaman, kasanayan at kakayahan experience doing this experience doing this.
doing this. doing this
Mayroon Marami akong
Wala akong akong Mayroon karanasan sa
karanasan sa kaunting akong paggawa nito
paggawa nito karanasan sa karanasan sa
paggawa nito paggawa nito
Define basic Occupational Safety and
Health concepts and principles /
Mabigyang‐kahulugan ang
pangkaraniwang paksa at prinsipyo ng
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH).
Identify key strategies needed to promote
Occupational Safety and Health in the
workplace /
Matukoy ang natatanging estratehiyang
kinakailangan upang maitaguyod ang
OSH sa lugar ng trabaho.
Describe the key elements of a
workplace Occupational Safety and
Health Program / Malarawan ang
mga natatanging
elemento ng Programang OSH sa lugar
ng trabaho.
Recognize the duties and rights of
employers and employees regarding
Occupational Safety and Health
requirements, regulations, policies and
procedures in the workplace /
Matukoy ang mga tungkulin at
karapatan ng mga may‐ari at empleyado
patungkol sa mga pangangailangan,
pamantayan, polisiya at pamamaraan
sa lugar ng
trabaho alinsunod sa OSH.
Describe the main elements of DOLES’s
Republic Act 11058 (Declaration Policy) /
Mailarawan ang mga pangunahing
elemento ng DOLE’s Republic Act 11058
(Paglalahad ng Polisiya)
Apply DOLE’s Declaration Policy to
specific situations in determining how to
handle OSH issues /
Mailapat ang Paglalahad ng Polisiya ng
DOLE sa mga tukoy na sitwasyon upang
matukoy ang angkop na pamamaraan sa
paghahawak ng mga isyu patungkol sa
OSH.
Identify hazards and potential actions to
take in accordance with OSH work
policies and procedures /
Matukoy ang mga panganib at mga
karampatang aksyon at solusyon
alinsunod sa polisiya at pamantayan ng
OSH sa lugar ng trabaho.
Describe the role of employees and
employers in preventing and controlling
hazards and risks /
Mailarawan ang tungkulin ng mga may‐
ari at empleyado upang maiwasan at
mapangasiwaan ang mga panganib.
Use the Hierarchy of Control in
determining actions to take in controlling
hazards /
Magamit ang Hagdanan ng Kontrol sa
pagtukoy ng angkop na aksyon upang
mapangasiwaan ang mga panganib.
Explain how a risk assessment and other
OSH practices promote safety in the
workplace /
Maipaliwanag kung paano ang
pagtatasa ng panganib at iba pang
gawaing OSH ay makatataguyod ng
kaligtasan sa lugar ng
trabaho.
Apply the steps of risk assessment to a
technical trade /
Mailapat ang mga hakbang ng pagtatasa
ng panganib sa isang gawaing teknikal.
Identify and prepare for effective OSH
practices in your technical trade /
Matukoy at maihanda ang epektibong
pamamaraang OSH sa iyong sariling
gawaing teknikal o trabaho.
Explain the general safety measures to
take when using hand/power tools and
machinery and equipment /
Maipaliwanag ang pangkalahatang
pamamaraan para sa pangkaligtasan na
angkop sundin kung gumagamit ng
hand/power tools, at makina at iba pang
kagamitan sa trabaho.
Describe safety measures specific to your
technical trade when using hand/power
tools and operating machinery and
equipment /
Mailarawan ang mga pamamaraang
pangkaligtasan na tukoy sa iyong
gawaing teknikal o trabaho sa paggamit
ng hand/power tool and pagpapagana
ng makina at iba pang kagamitan
sa
trabaho.
Use methods of safe handling of tools
and equipment /
Masundan ang mga pamamaraang
pangkaligtasan sa maingat at ligtas na
paghaawak at paggamit ng makina at
kagamitan.
Describe why teamwork is essential for
OSH in the workplace /
Mailarawan ang kahalagahan ng
pagkakaisa sa OSH sa lugar ng trabaho.
Design precaution and safety protocols in
the workplace /
Makabuo ng disenyo patungkol sa
pamantayan at pamamaraang
pangkaligtasan at pag‐iwas sa panganib
sa lugar ng trabaho.
Identify safety protocols to prevent
common hazards such as electrical shock,
fires, lifting injuries and ladder accidents
/ Matukoy ang pangkaligtasang
pamantayan upang maiwasan ang
pangkaraniwang panganib tulad ng
pagkakakuryernte, sunog, mga pinsala sa
pagbubuhat at aksidente sa hagdan.
Identify typical areas of non-compliance
to OSH standards in the workplace /
Matukoy ang pangkaraniwang lugar o
aspeto ng trabaho na hindi nakasusunod
sa pamantayan ng OSH.
Analyze why employers and employees
might not comply with OSH standards
and practices /
Maipaliwanag kung bakit ang mga may‐
ari at empleyado ay hindi nakasusunod sa
pamantayan at pamamaraang OSH.
Describe the consequences of non-
compliance to OSH standards /
Nailalarawan ang mga maaaring bunga
ng hindi pagsunod sa mga pamantayang
OSH.
Think about an experience (your own or one that you have heard about) where there
were risks in the workplace and people’s safety was endangered. What happened?
What actions were taken to manage the situation?
 List the regular processes and practices that you (or someone you know) do in the
workplace that promote safety and health .
To learn more about Occupational Safety and Health, watch an 8-minute YouTube video
through this link: https://go.edc.org/safety-video. Jot down notes about the video using
the space provided below.
Let’s Exercise: What is OSH?
After watching the video, answer the following questions below:
1. What is Occupational Safety and Health?
2. What are some of the processes that happen during a safety inspection? Give examples
of what an inspector might check for safety.
3. How can conducting inspections help to ensure safety and health in the workplace?
4. As an employee at an organization or company, how do you think you and your

colleagues can prepare for a visit from a safety inspector? How can you maintain good
safety practices?
Check your understanding of Occupational Safety and Health by reading the definitions
below.
 Key Facts 7.1: What is Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?
Occupational safety and health is a discipline with a broad scope involving three major fields –
1. Occupational Safety - understanding the causes of accidents at work and ways to
prevent unsafe acts and unsafe conditions in any workplace. Safety at work includes
good housekeeping, proper materials handling and storage, machine safety, electrical
safety, fire prevention and control, safety inspection, and accident investigation.
2. Occupational Health - a broad concept which explains how the different hazards and
risks at work may cause an illness and emphasizes that health programs are essential in
controlling work-related and/or occupational diseases.
3. Industrial Hygiene - the identification, evaluation, and control of physical, chemical,
biological and ergonomic hazards in the workplace. 1
1
Basic Occupational Safety and Health (BOSH)
Training Page 5 of 250
The goal of an occupational safety and health program is to foster a safe and healthy work
environment and ensure protection for everyone.
What is a hazard?
A hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or
someone.
What is a risk?
It may also apply to situations with property or equipment loss, or harmful effects on the
environment. Risks are expressed as a probability or likelihood of developing a disease or
getting injured, whereas hazard refers to the agent responsible (i.e. smoking).
Activity 2: Understanding General OSH Principles
Objectives:
 Identify key strategies needed to promote Occupational Safety and Health in the
workplace
 Describe the key elements of a workplace Occupational Safety and Health Program
 Recommended Time: 45-60 minutes
In putting Occupational Safety and Health into practice in the workplace, a few
strategic principles are essential:
1. Avoid and prevent hazards.

2. Use safe technology - ensure the kind of technology workers use are safe and not at all
risky.
3. Optimize working conditions - the environment should be safe with no health hazards
and risks.
4. Integrate production and health and safety activities - For example, have a regular break
time and place where employees can take a few minutes to rest before returning to
work.
5. Eliminate workplace risks at the source - tour around the area, inspect places, check
equipment to know if they are functioning or not.
With these principles in mind, imagine that you run a manufacturing business and you
want to set up an Occupational Safety and Health program. What would be the key
elements of your approach? Think about the following questions to help you answer the
question:
1. Who would need to be involved and how?

2. What types of hazards might exist?
3. How can hazards be prevented?
4. What would employees need to prevent hazards and minimize risk?
Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program:
Read the following OSHA recommended proactive approaches to promoting safety and
health in the workplace. Planning ahead, anticipating and preventing hazards, and
involving and educating all employees, are key to a safe workplace. Supplement your
work above with any new information you learn!
 Key Facts 7.2: Core Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health

Program2
Management
• Management committed to improving safety
Leadership & health
Worker • Workers involved in all aspects of safety & health

programs: identifying hazards, preventing
Participation hazards, reporting issues
• Procedures in place to identify hazards &

evaluate risks
Hazard • Regular system of assessing hazards and
control measures (initial assessment and then
Identification & periodic inspections)
Assessment • Hazards reported to appropriate managers
• Identified hazards priortized for control
• Identify and select methods for eliminating,

Hazard Prevention preventing or controlling hazard
• Hierarchy of controls used to determine actions
& Contol to take: engineering, safe work practices,
administrative, PPE
• All workers trained to know their responsibilities
related to safety and health
Education & • All workers trained to recognize hazards and to
Training understnad the control measures
• Employers, manageers and supervisors trained
on protecting workers' rights
Program Evaluation
• Regular monitoring and actions taken to
& Improvement improve safety & health
2
OSHA. (2016). Recommended Practices for Safety and Health Programs. https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3885.pdf
Sharing is caring
This section encourages you to share your output to family and friends. You worked hard
on this so now it is time to tell others about the task you have just completed. Do it face to
face, via text, chat, or whatever means available and comfortable to you. It’s always great
to share your thoughts and hear feedback from people who care 
Talk to someone you know who either runs a business or is an employee. Share your key
elements of an Occupational Safety and Health program with them and ask them what types of
practices their business uses to ensure safety and health in the workplace. Add any key points
to your list above.
Activity 3: OSH Requirements, Regulations, Policies and Procedures
Objectives:
 Recognize the duties and rights of employers and employees regarding
Occupational Safety and Health requirements, regulations, policies and procedures
in the workplace
 Describe the main elements of DOLES’s Republic Act 11058 (Declaration Policy) and
the Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 11508 (DOLE Department Order No.
198 series of 2018.
 Apply DOLE’s Declaration Policy to specific situations in determining how to handle
OSH issues
Read the following scenario and answer the questions.
Juan works in a large rice mill and performs different tasks including operating the
milling machines, packing rice into bags and sweeping of the milling and storage area.
He is supposed to wear a mask or respirator while performing these functions but there
often are not enough of these to go around to all the employees. He begins to develop a
cough that he cannot seem to get rid of and wonders if it is because of the dust created
when milling, packing and storing.
1. What is the issue in this scenario?
2. What steps should the employer be taking to protect employees’ safety and health in
the workplace?
3. What should Juan do to protect his safety and health in the workplace?
For OSH to become fully mandatory and implementable, the Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE), introduced the Republic Act 111058. It outlines the duties of
employers and employees in ensuring and following safety and health rules, as well as
the rights of the worker.
Let’s Exercise: Duties and Rights of Employers and Employees in OSH
Let’s see what you already know about the duties and rights of employers and
employees regarding Occupational Safety and Health before we look more closely at
DOLE’s Republic Act 11058. Read each of the statements below and check () if you
“Agree” or “Disagree” with the statement.
Statement Agree Disagree

1. Employers must give complete job safety instructions to all workers,
especially to those entering the job for the first time.
2. Workers can choose whether or not to wear PPE on the job.
3. Employees should provide measures to deal with emergencies and
accidents, including first-aid kits.
4. Workers have the right to report hazards and accidents not only to their
employer but to DOLE and other relevant government agencies as well.
5. Employers should provide safety training to employees only if they have
the budget to do so.
6. Safety signs are not necessary if workers already know the potential
hazards of their jobs.
7. Workers should follow the steps given to them by their employers in
cases of emergency.
8. Employers should involve workers in the planning and implementing of a
safety and health plan.
9. Employers should have safety officers who monitor and inspect safety
and health practices regularly.
10. A hazardous workplace environment is acceptable if employees are told
about the hazards and if safety signs are used.
Read Key Facts 7.2: Declaration Policy to learn more about DOLE’s Republic Act 11058 and to
check your answers. Make any corrections to your answers above after you read the information.
You can also check your answers in the Key to Correction at the end of the module.
 Key Facts 7.2: Declaration Policy3
DECLARATION OF POLICY
RA 11058
The State:
• labor as a primary social and economic force, … safe and healthy workforce is an integral aspect of
nation building
• ensure a safe and healthful workplace for all working people … full protection against all hazards
• provisions of the Labor Code of the Philippines, all laws, and internationally-recognized standards on
OSH are being fully enforced and complied with…
• protect every worker against injury, sickness or death
 strict but dynamic, inclusive, and gender-sensitive measures
The Secretary of Labor and Employment shall issue the appropriate standards of occupational safety and health
for such purpose based on the number of employees, nature of operations and the risk or hazard involved.
DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, WORKERS AND OTHER PERSONS
A. Every employer contractor or subcontractor, shall:
1. Furnish the workers a place of employment free from hazardous conditions that are causing or are
likely to cause death, illness, or physical harm to the workers;
2. Give complete job safety instructions to all the workers, especially to those entering the job for the first
time, including those relating to familiarization with their work environment; •
3. Inform the workers of the hazards associated with their work, health risks involved or to which they
are exposed to, preventive measures to eliminate or minimize the risks, and steps to be taken in case
of emergency;
4. Use only approved devices and equipment for the workplace;
5. Comply with OSHS including training, medical examination, and where necessary provision of
protective and safety devices such as personal protective equipment (PPE) and machine guards;
6. Allow workers and their safety and health representatives to participate actively in the process of
organizing, planning, implementing and evaluating the program to improve the safety and health in the
workplace;
7. Provide, where necessary, for measures to deal with emergencies and accidents, including first-aid
arrangements.
B. Every worker shall participate in ensuring compliance with OSHS in the workplace.
• The worker shall make proper use of all safeguards and safety devices furnished for his/her protection
and that of others and shall observe instructions to prevent accidents or imminent danger situation in
3
Department of Labor and Employment, Philippines. (2018). An Act Strengthening Compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Standards
and Providing Penalties for Violations (RA 11058). http://www.oshc.dole.gov.ph/images/Files/DO-198-Implementing-Rules-and-Regulations-of-
Republic-Act-No_-11058-An-Act-Strengthening-Compliance-with-Occupational-Safety-and-Health-Standards-and-Providing-Penalties-for-
Violations-Thereof.pdf
the workplace.
• They shall observe the prescribed steps to be taken in case of emergency.
• The worker shall report to the supervisor any work hazard that may be discovered in the workplace.
C. It shall be the duty of any person, including the builder or contractor who visits, builds, renovates, or installs
devices or conducts business in any establishment or workplace, to comply with the provisions of this Act and all
other regulations issued by the Secretary of Labor and Employment.
Whenever two or more undertakings are engaged in activities simultaneously in one workplace, it shall be the
duty of all engaged to collaborate in the application of OSH standards and regulations.
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO KNOW
* The right to safety and health at work shall be guaranteed
• All workers shall be appropriately informed by the employer about all types of hazards in the
workplace, and provided access to training and education on chemical safety and to orientation on
data sheet of chemical safety, electrical safety, mechanical safety, and ergonomic safety
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO REFUSE TO UNSAFE WORK
• The worker has the right of refusal to work without threat or reprisal from the employer if, as
determined by the DOLE, an imminent danger situation exists in the workplace that may result to
illness, injury or death, and corrective actions to eliminate the danger have not been undertaken by the
employer.
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO REPORT ACCIDENTS
• Workers and their representatives shall have the right to report accidents, dangerous occurrences, and
hazards to the employer, to the DOLE and to other concerned government agencies exercising
jurisdiction as the competent authority in the specific industry or economic activity.
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
• Every employer shall provide their workers, free of charge, protective equipment for their eyes, face,
hands and feet, and lifeline, safety belt or harness, gas or dust respirators or masks, and protective
shields whenever necessary by reason of the hazardous work process or environment, chemical, radio-
logical, mechanical and other irritants or hazards capable of causing injury or impairment in the
function of any part of the body through absorption, inhalation or physical contact.
WORKERS’ RIGHT TO PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
• The cost of the PPE shall be part of the safety and health program which is a separate pay
item pursuant to Section 19 of this Act.
• All PPE shall be of the appropriate type as tested and approved by the DOLE based on its standards.
The usage of PPE in all establishments, projects, sites and all other places where work is being
undertaken shall be based on the evaluation and recommendation of the safety officer.
SAFETY SIGNAGE AND DEVICES
RA 11058
• All establishments, projects, sites and all other places where work is being undertaken shall have safety
signage and devices to warn the workers and the public of the hazards in the workplace.
• Safety signage and devices shall be posted in prominent positions at strategic locations in a language
understandable to all and in accordance with the standards set by the DOLE.
SAFETY IN THE USE OF EQUIPMENT
• In relation to the use of equipment, the employer must comply with the DOLE requirements in the
different phases of the company or project operation, including the transport to and from the
establishment, project, site or place where work is being undertaken.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION
• Workers in all establishments, projects, sites and all other places where work is being undertaken shall
be provided adequate and suitable information by the employer contractor or subcontractor, if any, on
safety and health standards, and the appropriate measures, including the probable location of workers
for the prevention, control, and protection against those hazards.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM
• Covered workplaces shall have a safety and health program including, but not limited to the following
policies, guidelines or information:

a) Statement of commitment to comply with OSH requirements;
b) General safety and health, including a drug-free workplace;
c) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome (AIDS)/tuberculosis/ hepatitis prevention and control;
d) Company or project details;
e) Composition and duties of the Safety and Health Committee;
f) Occupational safety and health personnel and facilities;
g) Safety and health promotion, training and education;
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM

• The safety and health program shall be prepared and executed by the employer, contractor or
subcontractor, if any, in consultation with the workers and their representatives and shall be submitted
to the DOLE which shall approve, disapprove or modify the same according to existing laws, rules and
regulations, and other issuances.
• The approved safety and health program shall be communicated and be made readily available to all
persons in the workplace.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE
• To ensure that the safety and health program is observed and enforced, covered workplaces shall
organize a Safety and Health Committee composed of the following:
a) Employer or a representative as the Chairperson, ex officio;
b) Safety officer of the company or project as the Secretary; and
c) Safety officers representing the contractor or subcontractor, as the case may be, as members.
SAFETY OFFICER
• To ensure that a safety and health program is duly followed and enforced, covered workplaces
shall have safety officers who shall:
a) Oversee the overall management of the safety and health program;
b) Frequently monitor and inspect any health or safety aspect of the operation
being undertaken;
c) Assist government inspectors in the conduct of safety and health inspection at any time
whenever work is being performed or during the conduct of an accident investigation; and
d) Issue work stoppage order when necessary.
The Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) has also issued Department Order
No. 198 series of 2018 to outline the Implementing Rules and Regulation of the Policy.
Employers and employees should be familiar with their duties used for OSH. Read the
excerpt from the IRR below, specifically on Chapter 3 Section 4. This gives a more
detailed enumeration of the duties of employers, workers and other persons in the
workplace
 Key Facts 7.3: Duties of Employers, Workers and Other Persons4
Section 4. Duties of Employers, Workers and Other Persons

a. Duties of Employers – Every employer, contractor or subcontractor, if any, and any
person who manages, controls or supervises the work being undertaken shall:
1. Equip a place of employment for workers free from hazardous conditions that
are causing or are likely to cause death, illness or physical harm to the workers;
2. Provide complete job safety instructions and proper orientation to all workers
including, but not limited to, those relating to familiarization with their work
environment;
3. Ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, the chemical, physical and
biological substances and agents, and ergonomic and psychosocial stresses
under their control are without risk to health when the appropriate measures of
protection are taken;
4. Use only approved specific industry set of standards of devices and equipment
for the workplace, as applicable;
5. Comply with OSH standards including training, medical examination, and when
necessary, provisions on protective and safety devices such as PPE and machine
guards. Training for workers shall include health promotion, hazards associated
with their work, health risks involved or to which they are exposed to, preventive
measures to eliminate or minimize risks, steps to be taken in cases of
emergency, and safety instructions for the jobs, activities and tasks to be
handled by workers;
6. Make arrangements for workers and their representatives to have the time and
resource to participate actively in the process of organizing, planning and
implementation, monitoring, evaluation and action for improvement of the OSH
management system;
7. Provide, when necessary, for measures identifying trainings and drills,
evacuation plans, etc., to deal with emergencies, fires and accidents including
first-aid arrangements;
8. Comply with all reportorial requirements of the OSH standards, and
4
Department of Labor and Employment, Philippines. (2018). Department Order No. 198 series of 2018. Implementing Rules and Regulations of
Republic Act No. 11058 entitled “An Act Strengthening Compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Standards and Providing Penalties for
Violations Thereof”. Accessed on February 28, 2021 from https://www.dole.gov.ph/news/department-order-198-18-implementing-rules-and-
regulations-of-republic-act-no-11058-an-act-strengthening-compliance-with-occupational-safety-and-health-standards-and-providing-
penalties-for-viola/.
9. Register establishment to DOLE as provided under the OSH standards.

b. Duties of Workers – Every worker, in order to ensure compliance with OSH standards
shall:
1. Participate in capacity building activities on safety and health and other OSH-
related topics and programs;
2. Proper use of all safeguards and safety devices furnished for workers’ protection
and that of others;
3. Comply with instructions to prevent accidents or imminent danger situations in
the workplace;
4. Observe prescribed steps to be taken in cases of emergency including
participation in the conduct of national or local disaster drills; and
5. Report to their immediate supervisor or any responsible safety and health
personnel any work hazard that may be discovered in the workplace.
c. Duties of Other Persons – Any other person, including the builder or contractor who
visits, builds, renovates or installs devices or conducts business in any establishments or
workplace, shall comply with the provision of this Rules and all other regulations issued
by the Secretary of Labor and Employment
Whenever two (2) or more undertakings are engaged in activities simultaneously in one
(1) workplace, it shall be the duty of all concerned to collaborate and cooperate to ensure
compliance with OSH standards and regulations.
Let’s Apply – OSH in the Workplace

Create a one-page infographic showing information about Occupational Safety and Health. You
may or may not use the template below, but be sure to include the information on the template.
What is Occupational Safety and Health?
What are the OSH duties and responsibilities of employers and employees?
Employers Employees
What to do in cases of breaches in OSH standards?
Sharing is Caring!
This section encourages you to share your output with family and friends. You worked
hard on this so now it is time to tell others about the task you have just completed. Do it
face to face, via text, chat, or whatever means available and comfortable to you. It’s always
great to share your thoughts and hear feedback from people who care 
Share the work you have done on the infographic with others. They might have additional ideas
on OSH practices in the workplace that you could add in the infographic.
Activity 4: OSH Preventive and Control Requirements
Objectives:
 Identify hazards and potential actions to take in accordance with OSH work policies
and procedures
 Describe the role of employees and employers in preventing and controlling hazards
and risks
 Use the Hierarchy of Control in determining actions to take in controlling hazards
 Determine actions to take when there is nonconformity to OSH requirements,
regulations, policies and procedures
As seen in the DOLES’s Republic Act 11058, both the employer and employee have a
responsibility to ensure safety and health in the workplace. There are many different
hazards one can encounter in the workplace so it is important that everybody play their
part and work as a team to promote effective safety and health practices. Remember
from NC I that there are different types of hazards that can be encountered - physical
safety, chemical, biological, and other health hazards.
NC I Review of Hazards in the Home and Workplace
 Safety hazards can cause immediate accidents and injuries. Examples: hot surfaces,
slippery floors.
 Chemical hazards are gases, vapors, liquids, or dusts that can harm your body.
Examples: cleaning products or pesticides.
 Biological hazards are living things that can cause diseases such as flu, COVID 19,
AIDS, Hepatitis, and TB. Examples: bacteria, viruses, or insects. In the workplace, you
can be exposed to biological hazards through contact with used needles, sick
children, animals, etc.
 Other health hazards are harmful things, not in the other categories, that can injure
you or make you sick. These hazards are sometimes less obvious because they may
not cause health problems right away. General categories may include physical,
psychological and ergonomic hazards. Examples: noise or repetitive movements.
Let’s now think more specifically about different types of workplaces. Watch the following
DOLE videos on OSH and answer the questions that follow.
 Occupational Safety and Health - https://go.edc.org/Dole-osh5
 World Day for Safety and Health at Work - https://go.edc.org/world-day-for-safety6,

created in conjunction with the International Labor Organization (ILO)’s annual
international awareness-raising campaign to promote OSH.
 If you have time you can watch a longer video that looks at safety and health issues
in the workplace, An Introduction to Health and Safety - https://go.edc.org/intro-
health- safety7
1. List the types of potential safety hazards you see if safety and health precautions are
not put into practice.
2. What types of actions need to be taken by the employee to ensure his or her own
safety and health as well as that of their co-workers?
5
DOLE Labor and Employment Education Services. (January 29, 2014). Occupational Safety and Health. https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=s0CGgjQOC00
6
DOLE. (n.d.). World Day for Safety and Health at Work. https://youtu.be/bN-orGSPfMU
7
Smith, John (n.d.). Cranswick Lazenby’s. Introduction to Basic Health and Safety. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2FNbuPR01Y
3. What types of actions need to be taken by employers to ensure the safety and
health of all who work for the organization or business (refer to Key Facts 7.2:
Declaration Policy above as needed)?
Read the following OSHA-recommended actions an employee can take to practice good
safety habits.
 Key Facts 7.4: Work Safety Tips8
1. Set your own standards. If you see others around you not wearing PPE or taking the
necessary safety precautions, do not copy them! Always be safe and do what you
can to avoid hazards and accidents.
2. Operate equipment only if qualified. Make sure you receive the training necessary
before operating equipment.
3. Respect machinery. Safely operate machinery. Don’t rush, don’t put your hands
near moving parts that can cut or crush you and always follow the safety rules in
operating the machinery.
4. Use your own initiative for safety protection. Ask for the proper PPE and ask
questions when you do not understand how to do something like run equipment or
machinery.
5. Ask questions. If you are uncertain about how to do something, ask! Better safe
than sorry.
6. Use care and caution when lifting. If something is too heavy, ask for help. Always
bend at your knees when lifting.
7. Practice good housekeeping. Keep your work area organized! Accidents happen
when areas are disorganized. Remember the “5 S” system from NC I!
8. Wear proper and sensible work clothes. Avoid loose clothing that can get entangled
in machines and wear sturdy footwear.
9. Practice good personal cleanliness. Wash your hands often and avoid touching your
face with dirty hands.
10. Be a positive part of the safety team. Follow the safety rules and encourage others
to do so too!
8
OSHA. (n.d.). OSHA Safety Manual. https://www.safetymanualosha.com/the-ten-commandments-of-good-safety-habits/
Practicing the work safety tips will reduce hazards and help control the potential risks
you face in the workplace. There are several approaches that employers and employees
can use to controlling the risks. Read the scenario below and brainstorm ways to deal
with the problem, ranging from short term to long term solutions.
When it rains, water leaks from the roof and from windows into one of the stairwells at
the TVET institution where you work. The steps become slippery and trainees, trainers
and other school staff risk falling. There have already been a few accidents.
Think about what can be done to reduce the risk at the level of those using the stairs
(trainees, trainers and other staff) as well as at the level of school management. Write
your ideas in the box.
Ways to Reduce Risk of Falling on Stairs:
Read the information below on hazard prevention and risk control, including the
Hierarchy of Controls. Supplement your answers in the box above using the Hierarchy of
Controls. Compare your answers with the possible answers found in the Key to
Correction at the end of the module.
 Key Facts 7.5: Hazard Prevention and Risk Control
 Workplace inspections help prevent incidents, injuries, and illnesses.

- A critical examination of a workplace should help identify and document hazards
and provide solutions or corrective action.
 S.A.M Principles or the Think Safe Steps - Spot the Hazard, Assess the Risk, Make
the Changes.
- Spot the hazard: A hazard is anything that could hurt you or someone else.
- Assess the risk: Assessing the risk means working out how likely it is that a hazard
will harm someone and how serious the harm could be.
- Make the changes: Use PPE or remove hazard in workplace.
 Three principles of risk control:

- Prevent risks
- Protect safety and health
- Eliminate accidents
 Control measures minimize or eliminate hazards or separate hazards from workers.
 The 5 levels of the risk control hierarchy are the following: (ordered from most
effective solutions to least effective solutions)
- Elimination (most effective)
- Substitution
- Engineering controls
- Administrative controls
- Personal protective equipment (least effective)9
 These measures ensure that risks are evaluated, addressed, and avoided.
10
9
Druley, K. (March 25, 2018). The hierarchy of controls. Safety and Health
Magazine. https://www.safetyandhealthmagazine.com/articles/16790-the-hierarchy-of-controls
10
Pittman, M. (May 14, 2020). NIOSH’s “Hierarchy of Controls infographic” as SVG. Wikimedia
Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NIOSH%E2%80%99s_%E2%80%9CHierarchy_of_Controls_infographic%E2%80%9D_as_SV
G.svg
License: Public domain
Let’s Apply: Assessing the OSH of your Home or Workplace
Imagine you are a safety officer conducting an Occupational Safety and Health check in your
workplace or at home. List the potential hazards, and possible preventions of the hazards that
you have spotted, using the hierarchy of controls.
Potential Hazards Possible Preventions/Interventions
Think about it! - Noncompliance
What happens when employees or employers do not comply with safety and healthy rules
and regulations?
1. As an employee, what would you do if your co-workers were being careless, not
wearing required PPE and potentially endangering the lives of those around them?
2. What would you do if your employer was not providing PPE or providing you safety
training in using equipment?
Share your responses with a friend or family member who has work experience. Ask them to
share any examples of non-compliance and how their employer handled it.
We will go into more depth on noncompliance in Session 3.
 Key Facts 7.6: Mental Health in the Workplace11
Aside from physical safety and health, the government also ensures the mental safety and
health of employees through health promotion and policies as stated in the Implementing Rules
and Regulations of or Republic Act No. 11036 or the Mental Health Act. Below are some of the
parts of the IRR that may be relevant to you as a business owner or employee:
Section 4. Definition – The terms are defined as follows:

c. Confidentiality refers to ensuring that all relevant information related to persons with
psychiatric, neurologic, and psychosocial health needs is kept safe from access or use by, or
disclosure to, persons or entities who are not authorized to access, use, or possess such
information;
e. Discrimination refers to any distinction, exclusion or restriction which has the purpose or
effect of nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal basis with others, of
all human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or
any other field. It includes all forms of discrimination, including denial of reasonable
accommodation. Special measures solely to protect the rights or secure the advancement of
persons with decision-making impairment capacity shall not be deemed to be discriminatory
g. Impairment or Temporary Loss of Decision-Making Capacity refers to a medically-determined
inability on the part of a service user or any other person affected by a mental health
condition, to provide informed consent. A service user has impairment or temporary loss of
decision-making capacity when the service user as assessed by a mental health professional
is unable to do the following:
1. Understand information concerning the nature of a mental health condition;
2. Understand the consequences of one’s decision and actions on one’s life or health, or
the life or the health of others;
3. Understand information about the nature of the treatment proposed, including
methodology, direct effects, and possible side effects; and
4. Effectively communicate consent to treatment or hospitalization, or information
regarding one’s own condition;
h. Informed consent refers to voluntarily given by a service user to a plan for treatment, after a
full disclosure communicate in plain language by the attending mental health service
provider, of the nature, consequences, benefits, and risks of the proposed treatment, as well
as available alternatives.
s. Recovery-Based Approach refers to an approach to intervention and treatment centered on
the strengths of a service user and involving the active participation, as equal partners in
care, of persons with lived experiences in mental health. This requires integrating a service
user’s understanding of his or her condition into any plan for treatment and recovery;
11
Department of Health. (2019). Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act No. 11036, otherwise known
as the Mental Health Act. Accessed on February 28, 2021 from
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/downloads/2019/01jan/20190122-IRR-RA-11036-RRD.pdf
t. Service User refers to a person with lived experience of any mental health condition including
persons who require, or are undergoing psychiatric, neurologic or psychosocial care;
u. Support refers to the spectrum of informal and formal arrangements or services of varying
types and intensities, provided by the State, private entities, or communities, aimed at
assisting a service user in the exercise of his or her legal capacity or rights, including:
community services, personal assistants and ombudsmen; powers of attorney and other
legal and personal planning tools; peer support; support for self-advocacy; non-formal
community caregiver networks; dialogue systems; alternate communication methods, such
as non-verbal, sign, augmentative, and manual communication; and the use of assistive
devices and technology
Section 26. Mental Health Promotion and Policies in the Workplace. Employers shall develop
appropriate policies and programs on mental health in the workplace designed to raise
awareness on mental health issues, correct the stigma and discrimination associated with
mental health conditions, identify and provide support for individuals at risk, and facilitate
access of individuals with mental health conditions to treatment and psychosocial support.
Think About It! – Mental Health and Safety in the Workplace

1. Share the information about mental health to a family member, friend, or a colleague.
Discuss your opinions on the provision of mental health support and ensuring mental
health and safety of employees in the workplace. Record your insights below
2. Based on your insights and discussion, give at least 3 actionable steps that employees
and employers should do to ensure that mental health and safety is upheld in the
workplace.
Employers Employees
☑ Performance Criteria Checklist

The Performance Criteria Check is an opportunity for you to assess your learning
outcomes in the session and know how well you did in doing the activities in this
session. You will speak to your facilitator to:
1. Share your experiences in completing the session.
2. Discuss your development and progress towards the intended skills.
3. Plan how you will move forward to continue making progress in the module.
Conduct a quick self-assessment and complete the table below.
Statements Please check YES if you have shown

or can do the statement, NO if you
Did you… haven't shown it or cannot do it yet
YES NO
1. Define basic Occupational Safety and Health
concepts and principles?
2. Identify key strategies needed to promote
Occupational Safety and Health in the
workplace?
3. Describe the key elements of a workplace
Occupational Safety and Health Program?
4. Recognize the duties and rights of employers
and employees regarding Occupational Safety
and Health requirements, regulations, policies
and procedures in the workplace?
5. Describe the main elements of DOLES’s
Republic Act 11058 (Declaration Policy)?
6. Apply DOLE’s Declaration Policy to specific
situations in determining how to handle OSH
issues?
7. Identify hazards and potential actions to take in
accordance with OSH work policies and
procedures?
8. Describe the role of employees and employers

in preventing and controlling hazards and risks?
9. Use the Hierarchy of Control in determining
actions to take in controlling hazards?
Guide to the Learner and Facilitator’s Discussion:

Topics to discuss during the Learning Check:
1. Parts of the module that were the easiest to answer/do.
2. Parts of the module that were the hardest to answer/do.
3. Parts of the module that need further clarification or explanation.
4. Additional support needed by the learner from the facilitator.
5. Review and check of the learner’s answers and outputs for the session.
6. Feedback on the learner’s performance in terms of the following: mastery of
content, skills development, and pace in answering the module.
7. Plans for how the learner will move forward with the module.
Session 1 – Writing Space

Use this space to complete any of the written assignments above or write any
thoughts or ideas that have come to mind about the topic.
Congratulations! You can now proceed to the next Session.
SESSION 2: Prepare OSH Requirements for Compliance
2.1 OSH work activity material, tools, and equipment requirements are
identified in accordance with workplace policies and procedures
2.2 Required OSH materials, tools, and equipment are acquired in accordance
with workplace policies and procedures
2.3 Required OSH materials, tools, and equipment are arranged/placed in
accordance with OSH work standards
1. Risks assessments
2. Safe Handling Procedures of Tools, Equipment and Materials
 Risk assessments - identifying and taking sensible and proportionate measures to control
the risks in the workplace, not about creating huge amounts of paperwork.
1. Identify the hazards
2. Identify who might be harmed
3. Evaluate the risks
4. Record the findings
5. Regularly review the risk assessment
 The greatest hazards in using hand tools are misuse and improper maintenance.
For power tools, there is the danger of electrical burns and shock.
 Follow safety rules when handling hand or power tools, machinery and equipment.
Activity 5: Setting the Stage for a Safe Workplace12
Objectives:
 Explain how a risk assessment and other OSH practices promote safety in the workplace
 Describe the steps to take during a risk assessment
 Apply the steps of risk assessment to a technical trade
 Generate ideas on identifying and preparing for effective OSH practices in their
technical trade
As we have seen from the previous session, hazards are present everywhere! If people
are not aware of these hazards, there is a greater risk of injury, disease or even death.
Occupational Safety and Hazard rules, regulations, policies and procedures were
developed to prevent such incidents and ensure safety in the workplace. In this session,
we will look at general ways to prepare the workplace and you will apply it to your
specific technical trade. We will then review the handling of tools, equipment and
machinery from NC I and again, apply the OSH standards to the technical trade of your
interest. This will help you think about OSH practices in general in the workplace, as well
as specifically in the use of the tools, equipment and machinery of your technical trade.
Read the information below in Key Facts 7.7. A lot of it will be familiar from the previous
session. You will then think and write about each of the main elements for your specific
technical trade.
 Key Facts 7.7: Apply Appropriate Safety Measures in the Workplace
A big part of managing OSH in the workplace is controlling the risk of potential hazards. Risk
assessments are central to this process as well as practices such as providing training and
information, supervision, first aid and safety signs.
Risk assessments: process of identifying potential hazards and deciding whether you are taking
reasonable steps to prevent that hazard. Steps:
12
Adaptation of Health and Safety Executive. (n.d.). Controlling the Risks. Retrieved January 29, 2021, from
https://www.hse.gov.uk/toolbox/managing/managingtherisks.htm. “Contains public sector information published by the Health and Safety
Executive and licensed under the Open Government Licence”.
1. Identify the hazards: The first step is to

accurately identify the potential hazards in the
workplace. An unidentified hazard cannot be
controlled!
 Employers in conjunction with their
workers can start by walking around the
workplace and thinking about any hazards.
In other words, what is it about the
activities,
processes or substances used that could injure workers or harm their health?
Classes of Hazard: Remember these from NC 1 and the last session!

Hazards are classified into five different types. They are:
 Physical - includes floors, stairs, work platforms, steps, ladders, fire, falling
objects, slippery surfaces, manual handling (lifting, pushing, pulling), excessively
loud and prolonged noise, vibration, heat and cold, radiation, poor lighting,
ventilation, air quality
 Mechanical and/or electrical - includes electricity, machinery, equipment,
pressure vessels, dangerous goods, fork lifts, cranes, hoists
 Chemical - includes chemical substances such as acids or poisons and those that
could lead to fire or explosion, like pesticides, herbicides, cleaning agents, dusts
and fumes from various processes such as welding
 Biological - includes bacteria, viruses, mold, mildew, insects, vermin, animals
 Psychosocial environment - includes workplace stressors arising from a variety
of sources.
2. Identify who might be harmed: Think about how workers (or others who may be
present such as contractors or visitors) might be harmed. Workers’ input is necessary as
they may notice or have experienced things that are not obvious and may have some
good ideas on how to control the risks.
 For each hazard employers need to be clear about who might be harmed – it will
help them identify the best way of controlling the risk. That doesn’t mean listing
everyone by name, but rather identifying groups of workers/people (e.g. ‘people
working in the storeroom’ or ‘passers-by’).
3. Evaluate the risks: Having identified the hazards, organizations and businesses then
have to decide how likely it is that harm will occur, i.e., the level of risk and what to do
about it. Risk is a part of everyday life but we need to try and reduce risks in the
workplace.
 Identify the main risks and the things needed to do to manage them responsibly.
4. Record the findings: It is good practice if workers make a

record of their significant findings – the hazards, how people
might be harmed by them and what is in place to control the
risks. Any record produced should be clear, practical and
focused on control measures. Keep it simple!
5. Regularly review the risk assessment: Few workplaces stay

the same. Sooner or later, it will bring in new equipment,
substances and procedures that could lead to new hazards. So it makes sense to review
what is being done an ongoing basis. Consider the following questions:
 Have there been any significant changes?

 Are there improvements still needed to be made?
 Have workers spotted a problem?
 Have we learnt anything from accidents or near misses?
Management must make sure the risk assessment stays up to date.
In addition to doing risk assessments, providing the following will contribute to making the
workplace a safer place:
 Training and information
 Supervision
 First Aid
 Safety signs
Let’s Apply: Risk Assessment

Now that you know the general process of doing a risk assessment and taking other measures
to promote safety in the workplace, let’s think more specifically about the technical trade you
are interested in. This could be anything – welding, cookery, food and beverage service,
bookkeeping, computer systems servicing, bread and pastry production, electrical installation
and maintenance, etc. If you are new to the trade area, you will need to do some research on
line, talk to people you know in the trade and visit places where the trade is used.
You will now imagine that you are a worker or a manager at a business where your trade is
carried out. You will go through the steps of a risk assessment and write down ideas on what
this will look like for each step. Use the information above to guide you and talk to people
working in the trade to deepen your answers.
1. Identify the risks: What are the main hazards in your trade?
Hazards:
2. Identify who might be harmed: Who is most likely to be harmed and why? Are there
certain types of jobs in your trade that are more risky than others?
Who Might Get Harmed:
3. Evaluate the risk: What are the main risks and the things needed to do to manage these
risks? How likely is it that harm will be caused and what can be done about it?
Risk Evaluation and Possible Actions:
4. Record the findings: Develop a form for your trade area that workers could use to
record hazards, how people might be harmed by them and what is in place to control
the risks. Keep it simple!
Record of Hazards and Controls:
5. Regularly review the risk assessment and other OSH practices: What other actions
besides keeping the risk assessment up to date can be done in your technical trade to
promote OSH in the workplace?
Other OSH Practices for a Safe Workplace:
Sharing is caring
This section encourages you to share your output with family and friends. You worked
hard on this so now it is time to tell others about the task you have just completed. Do it
face to face, via text, chat, or whatever means available and comfortable to you. It’s always
great to share your thoughts and hear feedback from people who care 
Share the work you have done on risk assessment with others. They might have additional ideas
on risk assessment and OSH practices that you can add to your ideas for the trade area you
have selected.
Activity 6: Safe Handling Procedures of Tools, Equipment and Materials
Objectives:
 Explain the general safety measures to take when using hand and power tools and
machinery and equipment
 Identify the tools, equipment and materials typically used in your technical trade
 Describe safety measures specific to your technical trade when using hand/power
tools and operating machinery and equipment
 Use methods of safe handling of tools and equipment if you can obtain a practical
experience in a work setting or at home
Now that you have explored general OSH practices such as risk assessment that will
make the workplace a safer place for employees, we will drill down further and consider
the tools, equipment and machinery used in the workplace. As in the previous activity,
we will start out with general safety practices and then you will consider these for your
specific technical trade.
Think about the hand and power tools that are typically used in your technical trade.
For instance, in carpentry you might use tools such as a hammer, screwdriver, hand saw,
circular saw, power drill, and sander, amongst many others!
13 14
13
"Open Lab Lyon Bron" by Sylvia Fredriksson is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view a copy of this license, visit
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
14
"Reciprocating saw" by Phil Parker is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view a copy of this license, visit
If you are new to your trade, be sure to do some research, talk to people who currently
work in the trade, or go observe in a workplace if possible.
 Write the list of tools in the table below. For each tool, write down some safety
precautions you think would be necessary to take. Remember, the greatest hazards in
using hand tools are misuse and improper maintenance. For power tools, there is the
danger of electrical burns and shock.
Hand or Power Tool Safety Measures
Read the information below from NC I on safety tips for hand and power tools.
Supplement your list above with any additional safety measures you had not included.
NC I Review of Safety Tips for Hand and Power Tools15
Hand Tools: Power Tools:

 Wear appropriate PPE such as safety  Wear appropriate PPE such as safety
goggles and gloves. goggles and gloves.
 Choose the right tool for the job – don’t  Keep workplace floors clean and dry to
substitute! (e.g. Don’t use a screwdriver avoid accidental slips while using tools.
in place of a pry bar).  Never carry a tool by the cord or hose.
 Inspect tools before each use to make  Never yank the cord or the hose to
sure they are in good condition – make disconnect it from the receptacle.
sure tools meant to be sharp are not  Keep cords and hoses away from heat,
dull; don’t use damaged tools. oil, and sharp edges.
15
OSHA. (2002). Hand and Power Tools. US Department of Labor
 Repair damaged tools before using them.  Disconnect tools when not using them,
 Don’t use broken or damaged tools, dull before servicing and cleaning them, and
cutting tools, or screwdrivers with worn when changing accessories such as
tips. blades, bits, and cutters.
 Cut in a direction away from your body.  Keep all people not involved with the
 Make sure your grip and footing are work at a safe distance from the work
secure when using large tools. area.
 Carry tools securely in a tool belt or box.  Secure work with clamps or a vise,
Don’t carry tools up ladders. Use a hoist freeing both hands to operate the tool.
or rope.  Avoid accidental starting. Do not hold
 Never carry sharp or pointed tools such fingers on the switch button while
as a screwdriver in your pocket. carrying a plugged-in tool.
 Keep close track of tools when working  Maintain tools with care; keep them
at heights. A falling tool can kill a sharp and clean for best performance.
coworker.  Follow instructions in the user’s manual
 Pass a tool to another person by the for lubricating and changing accessories.
handle; never toss it to them.  Be sure to keep good footing and
 Use the right personal protective maintain good balance when operating
equipment (PPE) for the job. Follow power tools.
company instructions for selecting and  Wear proper apparel for the task. Loose
using safety eyewear, steel-toed shoes, clothing, ties, or jewelry can become
gloves, hard hats, etc. caught in moving parts.
 Keep the workplace floor and general  Remove all damaged portable electric
area clean and dry to avoid slipping or tools from use and tag them: “Do Not
tripping while carrying or using tools. Use.”
Let’s Apply: Handling of Hand and Power Tools
Create an infographic or poster showing proper ways and reminders of handling hand and
power tools. Be specific for the technical trade you are exploring. Perhaps it will end up on the
wall of a workplace somewhere! If possible, try to find a way to actually get access to some of
the tools. Perhaps you know somebody in the trade or you can approach a business and ask if
you can observe, volunteer and learn from others on the job. Take a picture and post it in the
box below.
Now think about the equipment and machinery that are typically used in your technical
trade. For instance, in a bakery you might use equipment such as a mixer, different
types of ovens, a bread slicer, refrigerator, amongst many others!
16 17
If you are new to your trade, be sure to do some research, talk to people who currently
work in the trade, or go observe in a workplace if possible.
 Write the list of equipment and machinery in the table below. For each item, write down
some safety precautions you think would be necessary to take. Remember, the greatest
hazards in using equipment and machinery can fall under mechanical (caused by the
moving parts) and non-mechanical hazards (by-products of using the machinery such as
harmful emissions, chemicals, gas, electricity and noise).
Equipment / Machinery Safety Measures
16
"Mixers and bins for flour and sugar" by sylvar is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view a copy of this license, visit
17
"Dough sheeter" by drooooo is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
Read the information below from NC I on safety tips for equipment and machinery.
Supplement your list above with any additional safety measures you had not included.
NC I Review of Safety Tips When Using Equipment and Machinery
 Workers should be trained in the use of equipment. Never hesitate to ask for training.
 Keep the work area clean.
 Make sure equipment is in good working order (e.g. blades should be sharp) and
has safety guards.
 Wear appropriate personal protective gear.
 Make sure stationary equipment is anchored to the floor.
 Keep hands away from the cutting parts of a machine.
 Turn power off when not using the machine.
 Do not distract the operator as it could lead to injury.
 Wear appropriate clothing that will not get stuck in machines – no loose clothing or
jewelry.
 Clean and store equipment and tools after use.
Let’s Apply: Handling of Equipment and Machinery
As you did above, create an infographic or poster showing proper ways and reminders of
safely handling equipment and machinery for your technical trade. If possible, try to find
a way to actually get access to some of the equipment and machinery. Perhaps you
know somebody in the trade or you can approach a business and ask if you can observe
and learn from others on the job. (Remember though, you should not operate any
equipment or machinery without training!) Take a picture and post it in the box below.
Sharing is caring
This section encourages you to share your output with family and friends. You worked hard
on this so now it is time to tell others about the task you have just completed. Do it face to
face, via text, chat, or whatever means available and comfortable to you. It’s always great to
share your thoughts and hear feedback from people who care 
Find somebody who works in or is familiar with the technical trade you are focusing on. Share
the work you have done on identifying the tools, equipment and machinery in your technical
trade and the safety measures you think are important. Show them your infographics/posters
too! Ask them to describe additional hand and power tools, and equipment and machinery you
may have forgotten and what safety precautions are needed. Ask them to share any
experiences in the workplace when safety measures were not adhere to and how this was
handled. Write additional information in the box below and add to your work above as well.

The Performance Criteria Check is an opportunity for you to assess your learning
session. You will speak to your facilitator to:
1. Share your experiences in completing the session.
2. Discuss your development and progress towards the intended skills.
3. Plan how you will move forward to continue making progress in the module.

YES NO
1. Explain how a risk assessment and other OSH
practices promote safety in the workplace
2. Apply the steps of risk assessment to a technical
trade
3. Identify and prepare for effective OSH practices
in your technical trade
4. Explain the general safety measures to take

when using hand and power tools and
machinery and equipment
5. Describe safety measures specific to your
technical trade when using hand/power tools
and operating machinery and equipment
6. Use methods of safe handling of tools and
equipment

6. Feedback on the learner’s performance in terms of the following: mastery of content,
skills development, and pace in answering the module.

thoughts or ideas that have come to mind on the topic
Congratulations! You can move to the next session.
SESSION 3: Perform Tasks in Accordance with Relevant OSH Policies and

Procedures
3.1 Relevant OSH work procedures are identified in accordance with workplace policies
and procedures
3.2 Work activities are executed in accordance with OSH work standards
3.3 Non-compliance work activities are reported appropriate personnel
1. Working safely
2. Safe practices and procedures when on the job: safety for electricity, fire, lifting and
ladder use
3. Compliance to OSH standards and practices
 Working Safely Means

 Working in a manner that prevents injury to self and others
 Reporting unsafe conditions
 Participating in health and safety training, as required
 Using and wearing all required protective equipment and devices
 Safety for one is safety for all. One employee acting irresponsibly can endanger him or
herself and put others at risk. Work as a team and promote a culture of safety in the
workplace.
 DOLE’s Republic Act No. 11058 ensures a safe and healthful workplace for all working
people by providing them protection against hazards.
 Failure to comply with the OSH standards and practices in the Republic Act No. 11058 will
result in fines.
Activity 7: Executing Work Activities According to OSH Work Standards
Objectives:
 Describe why teamwork is essential for OSH in the workplace

 Design precaution and safety protocols in the workplace
 Identify safety protocols to prevent common hazards such as electrical shock, fires,
lifting injuries and ladder accidents
 Practice occupation safety and health at all times in the workplace
Think about the statement and answer the questions.
Safety for one is safety for all.
1. Explain what the statement means in your own words.
2. Give examples of what could happen if one person in a workplace does not follow
safety rules.
3. Think back to the modules on team work and collaboration. How can teamwork
make a workplace safer?
4. What needs to be in place for there to be teamwork on safety and health in the
workplace?
Supplement your answers by reading more below!
Safety for one is safety for all. One employee acting irresponsibly can not only endanger
him or herself, but also put others at risk. All employees have a role to play in ensuring a
work environment that is safe and healthy for all working in it. Considering that safety is
a concern for all, a team effort to making sure work activities are carried out following
OSH standards is necessary. Having a workplace Safety Team can be beneficial, bringing
workers and managers together to promote and maintain a safe, healthful workplace.
The Team ensures that safety is treated as an integral function of the company.
 Things to consider as an employee or manager:
Employees should feel

ownership in the safety
process
Utilize employee
feedback to reassess
the safety program
 Safety is A Team Effort

o Educate everyone in the workplace about the safety requirements and consider
posting a list of workplace safety tips.
o Always keep the communication lines open in order to promote and maintain a safe
environment.
o Immediately notify others of any hazards that you perceive in the workplace and
nearby environment.
o Be alert to hazards that could affect anyone — not just yourself; in this respect,
maintain a team mentality at all times.
o Report hazardous conditions immediately to a team leader, supervisor or manager.
o Be conscious as to what others are doing around you, and do your best to ensure you
don’t pose a hazard to them (and vice versa).
Some types of hazards can be present in many technical trades. Read the following
scenarios and identify the actions that can be taken in the workplace to prevent such
situations. Then think about your technical trade in specific and what types of
precautions can be put into place to avoid the hazards.
Scenario 1: Electrical shock!
Daniel works in a fish processing company where they cook, prepare and package fish to sell to
restaurants and large supermarkets. One of Daniel’s tasks is to retrieve the fish stored in the
refrigerators and bring it to the area where they prepare it. One day he opened the metal door
of one of the refrigerators and got a shock that left his hands and arms burned.
What could have been the problem and what safety measures should have been in place to
avoid this accident?18
18
Source: https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/kitchen-restaurant-empty-interior-with- supplies_6823176.htm#page=1&query=commercial
%20refrigeration&position=29
Scenario 2: Fire!19
Go Go Garage was a popular place for car repairs. One day they became so busy they were not
able to keep up with the work. Employees were tired and the garage was becoming quite
disorganized with tools and supplies scattered about. While some workers were welding a crack
in a car’s muffler system, sparks flew out and landed on an open can of auto paint. Within
minutes it caught fire and started spreading throughout the shop. Some workers searched for
fire extinguishers but could not find them. It became too hot and everyone evacuated the
garage.
What caused the fire and what factors made the situation worse? How could the fire have been
prevented?
19
Source: https://unsplash.com/photos/-v9Z6-uJxk4
Scenario 3: Oh my back!
Maria works in the accounting office of a health and fitness center. One day a delivery of
equipment was left in the doorway. She knew that clients would soon be arriving so needed to
move the boxes. It was early, however, and nobody was around to help her. The boxes were
heavy but she was determined to move them. When she bent over to lift the second box, she
felt a sharp pain move through her back and she cried out in pain. She fell down on the floor
and couldn’t get up.
20
What happened and how could Maria have handled the situation differently for her own safety?
20
Source: https://unsplash.com/photos/W8CyjblrF8U
Scenario 4: Ladder of success?21
Carlos was at the end of his very

long shift but needed to finish
painting the top of a wall in a new
office building they were
constructing. He placed an old,
wobbly ladder against the wall and
climbed up. The area he needed to
paint was just beyond his reach but
if he stood on the top rung of the
ladder he would be able to get it. As
he was painting, he dropped the
brush and tried to catch it. He lost
his balance and tumbled off the
ladder
to the floor below. He landed on his left side, breaking his shoulder.
What happened and what safety procedures should be put into place to avoid this problem in
the future?
21
Source: https://unsplash.com/photos/eEjD0kK1NHY
Read Key Facts 7.8 below to learn more about OSH practices and supplement your
answers above!
 Key Facts 7.8: Safe Practices and Procedures when on the Job22 23
Electrical Safety Fire Safety
 Always assume that a  Think about the

circuit is energized. risks of fire and
 Ensure that workers explosions from
know how to use the the substances
electrical equipment you use or create in your business and
safely. consider how you might remove or
 Make sure enough sockets are available. reduce the risks
Check that socket outlets are not overloaded  Keep information about which
by using unfused adaptors as this can cause substances might be flammable
fires.  Consider reducing the amount of
 Ensure there are no trailing cables that can flammable/explosive substances you
cause people to trip or fall. store on site
 Switch off and unplug appliances before  Keep the area well ventilated, especially
cleaning or adjusting them. if dealing with fumes and chemicals.
 Ensure everyone looks for electrical wires,  Keep sources of ignition (eg naked
cables or equipment near where they are flames, sparks) and substances that
going to work and check for signs warning of burn (eg vapour, dusts) apart
dangers from electricity, or any other hazard.  Get rid of flammable/explosive
Checks should be made around the job, and substances safely
remember that electrical cables may be within  Never fight a grease fire with water;
walls, floors and ceilings (especially when water will splash the oil and spread the
drilling into these locations) etc. flames.
 Make sure anyone working with electricity has  Review your risk assessment
sufficient skills, knowledge and experience to regularly
do so. Incorrectly wiring a plug can be  Maintain good housekeeping, e.g. avoid
dangerous and lead to fatal accidents or fires. build-up of rubbish, dust or grease that
 Inspect tools, power cords, and electrical could start a fire or make one worse
fittings for damage or wear prior to each use.  Come up with a fire emergency
Repair or replace damaged equipment plan; ensure that everyone knows and
immediately. understands it.
22
Department of Labor and Employment, Occupational Safety and Health Center. (n.d.). Basic Occupational Safety and Health Training.
http://www.oshc.dole.gov.ph/images/OSHTrainingAnnouncement/BOSH-Manual_Narrative-Handout.pdf
23
Health and Safety Executive. (n.d.). The Health and Safety Toolbox: How to Control Risks at Work. Retrieved January 29, 2021, from
https://www.hse.gov.uk/toolbox/index.htm. “Contains public sector information published by the Health and Safety Executive and licensed
under the Open Government Licence”.
 Stop using equipment immediately if it  Practice fire drills.

appears to be faulty – have it checked by a  Be aware of the whereabouts and use of
competent person. fire extinguishers.
 Observe proper maintenance schedules
of electrical equipment, loads and wires. * For more detailed information see the
 Consider using a residual current device (RCD) BOSH manual in the footnote below.
between the electrical supply and the
equipment, especially when working outdoors,
or within a wet or confined
 Do not block access to circuit breakers or fuse
boxes.
 Do not touch a person or electrical apparatus
in the event of an electrical accident. Always
disconnect the current first.
 Always use ladders made of wood or other
non-conductive materials when working with
or near electricity or power lines.
 Adhere to strictly established regulations of
the Philippine Electrical Code.
Lifting Safety Ladder Safety
 When moving materials manually, attach  Ensure ladders are

handles or holders to loads. secure and
 Wear appropriate personal protective steady before climbing
equipment. aboard.
 Hand and forearm protection such as gloves  Never climb on
for loads with sharp or rough edges improvised
 Eye protection ladders. Shelves and
 Steel toed safety shoes or boots storage units are poor
 Metal fiber or plastic metatarsal guards to substitutes. Don’t be lazy, and find a
protect the in-step area from impact or proper solid ladder.
compression.  Don’t let appearances fool you. Railings
 Use proper lifting techniques (position yourself might appear solid and fixed, but they
correctly, lift with your legs, not your back and might be improperly secured; at least,
set the load down correctly)to prevent injury test them first.
from oversize loads. Seek help when:  Use safety harnesses if your job includes
 A load is so bulky that you cannot heights.
properly grasp or lift it;  Eliminate distractions when working on a
 You cannot see around or over a load or; roof, scaffold, or other elevated
 When employees cannot safely handle a platform. More than ever, stay focused
load. and alert!
 Use blocking materials to manage loads
safely.
 Avoid overloading equipment  Keep an eye out on the floor to ensure

when moving materials it’s free of obstacles and spills. If it isn’t,
mechanically. get cleaning!
 Basic tips when using a fork lift
truck for stacking and storing
materials include: 24
 Center the load on the forks
as close to the mast as possible to avoid
tipping or the load falling
 Avoid overloading
 Adjust the load to the lowest position when
traveling
Let’s Apply: Working Safely25
Now think about a typical workplace of your technical trade or from a recent job you held.
Identify the key tasks or activities that you would do in the job and the hazards or risks present.
Then identify the methods to control the hazard, pulling together what you have learned in
module so far about OSH practices. Use the template below to complete this activity.
TASKS/ Activity Hazards or Risks Methods to Control the Hazard

Present
Remove/ Improve Use PPE (List
Minimize Work Policies PPE required)
Hazards and
Procedures
24
Image from: "Fork Lift Truck Moving Boxes" by Whitefields Document Storage is licensed with CC BY 2.0. To view
a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
25
Workplace Safety Tips: A Comprehensive Resource
Activity 8: Reporting OSH Non-Compliance Activities
Objectives:
 Explain what it means to comply or not comply to OSH standards in the
workplace
 Identify typical areas of non-compliance in the workplace
 Analyze why employers and employees might not comply with OSH standards
and practices
 Describe the consequences of non-compliance to OSH standards
In Session 1 you learned about DOLE’s Republic Act No. 11058 and roles and
responsibilities of employers and employees in following OSH standards. The title of the
act is “An Act Strengthening Compliance With Occupational Safety and Health Standards
and Providing Penalties for Violations Thereof”.
1. In your own words, what is the meaning of this title and the purpose of the act?
2. What do you think happens to employers and employees who do not comply with
Occupational Safety and Health standards?
Re-read Key Facts 7.2: Declaration Policy found in Session 1 Activity 3 to refresh your
minds on the duties and rights of employers and employees in complying with the OSH
Standards Law (RA No. 11058).
Think about it and discuss!

A headline in the Manila Bulletin read “DOLE slaps P2.4 million in penalties on occupational
safety, health violators in Region 1”.26
Discuss the newspaper headline with a family member or friend who is familiar with
Occupational Safety and Health. Brainstorm a list of possible reasons these penalties were
given. What are common violations of OSH practices in the workplace for your technical trade?
Other trades? Write your ideas below.
It turns out that 27 companies were given fines for the following infractions: lack of
safety officer and trained first aider, safety signages and barricades, mandatory OSH
orientation for workers, first aid kits, TESDA certificates for the operation of heavy
equipment, OSH policies and reports, testing certificates for heavy equipment and fire
fighting equipment; non-provision of safe drinking water and emergency medicines;
poor housekeeping and non-registration of establishment. Check to see if you had any
of these violations listed above!
All of these violations come with penalties ranging from P20,000 to P100,000.that are
described in Section 29 Prohibited Acts and its Corresponding Penalties. For example,
26
Manilabulletin_admin. (2020, January 20). DOLE slaps P2.4 million in penalties on occupational safety, health
violators in Region 1. Retrieved February 01, 2021, from https://mb.com.ph/2020/01/21/dole-slaps-p2-4-million-
in-penalties-on-occupational-safety-health-violators-in-region-1/
there is a fee of P50,000 if an employer does not provide PPE to employees.
 What do you think are the main reasons of non-compliance by employers? By employees?
Write your ideas below in the table.
Reasons for Non-compliance by Employee: Reasons for Non-compliance by Employer:
There are many reasons why employers and employees might not comply with OSH
practices and procedures. These could be situational or organizational. An employee
might have a heavy workload and be tired. She or he could be facing time pressure to
get a job done. Perhaps the organization has not properly trained the employee in the
use of equipment or in safety procedures so mistakes are made. The company might
have limited resources so is cutting back on things like training, supervision and taking
time to inspect equipment.
As you have learned in the previous sessions, employers and employees have both
rights and responsibilities in ensuring OSH standards and practices are carried out in the
workplace. Being aware of what these are is a first step to making sure it happens.
Employees do have the right to report any hazards or accidents in the workplace to their
supervisors, managers, and to DOLE and other government agencies (see Section 7:
Workers' Right to Report Accidents of RA No. 11058).
Everybody has a role in ensuring OSH standards and procedures are carried out in the
workplace. With team work, good communication and commitment to a safe
environment, every business or organization can achieve this, resulting in a more
productive and successful workplace.
The Performance Criteria Checklist is an opportunity for you to assess your learning
session. You will speak to your facilitator to
1. Share your experiences in completing the session
2. Discuss your development and progress towards the intended skills
3. Plan how you will move forward to continue making progress in the module

YES NO
1. Describe why teamwork is essential for OSH in
the workplace
2. Design precaution and safety protocols in the
workplace
3. Identify safety protocols to prevent common
hazards such as electrical shock, fires, lifting
injuries and ladder accidents
4. Identify typical areas of non-compliance to OSH
standards in the workplace
5. Analyze why employers and employees might

not comply with OSH standards and practices
6. Describe the consequences of non-compliance to
OSH standards

6. Feedback on the learner’s performance in terms of the following: mastery of
content, skills development, and pace in answering the module.

thoughts or ideas that have come to mind about the topic.
Congratulations! You are now ready to proceed to the last session.
SESSION 4: Review and Assessment
Activity 9: Post-Module Learner’s Reflection
Objectives:
 Reflect on skills and knowledge gained throughout the module
Post-Learner’s Reflection: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and

Procedures (NC II Level)
End-of-Module Skills Check
Now that you have reached the end of the module, let us see if you are able to develop the
necessary skills in Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and Procedures for NC II
Level, conduct a self-assessment and complete the table below.
Statements on my experience, knowledge, skills and abilities Circle YES if you have shown or can do
/ Mga pahayag tungkol sa aking kaalaman, kasanayan at the statement, NO if not /
kakayahan Bilugan ang OO kung naipakita o nagawa
mo na ang mga pahayag, HINDI kung hindi
I can… / Kaya ko nang… pa naipakita o nagawa
Define basic Occupational Safety and Health concepts and Yes No

principles / Oo Hindi
Mabigyang‐kahulugan ang pangkaraniwang paksa at prinsipyo
ng Occupational Safety and Health (OSH).
Identify key strategies needed to promote Occupational Safety and Yes No
Health in the workplace / Oo Hindi
Matukoy ang natatanging estratehiyang kinakailangan upang
maitaguyod ang OSH sa lugar ng trabaho.
Describe the key elements of a workplace Occupational Safety and Yes No
Health Program / Oo Hindi
Malarawan ang mga natatanging elemento ng Programang OSH
sa lugar ng trabaho.
Recognize the duties and rights of employers and employees Yes No
regarding Occupational Safety and Health requirements, Oo Hindi
regulations, policies and procedures in the workplace /
Matukoy ang mga tungkulin at karapatan ng mga may‐ari at
empleyado patungkol sa mga pangangailangan, pamantayan,
polisiya at pamamaraan sa lugar ng trabaho alinsunod sa OSH.
Describe the main elements of DOLES’s Republic Act 11058 Yes No

(Declaration Policy) / Oo Hindi
Mailarawan ang mga pangunahing elemento ng DOLE’s Republic
Act 11058 (Paglalahad ng Polisiya)
Apply DOLE’s Declaration Policy to specific situations in Yes No
determining how to handle OSH issues / Oo Hindi
Mailapat ang Paglalahad ng Polisiya ng DOLE sa mga tukoy na
sitwasyon upang matukoy ang angkop na pamamaraan sa
paghahawak ng mga isyu patungkol sa OSH.
Identify hazards and potential actions to take in accordance with Yes No
OSH work policies and procedures / Oo Hindi
Matukoy ang mga panganib at mga karampatang aksyon at
solusyon alinsunod sa polisiya at pamantayan ng OSH sa lugar ng
trabaho.
Describe the role of employees and employers in preventing and Yes No
controlling hazards and risks / Oo Hindi
Mailarawan ang tungkulin ng mga may‐ari at empleyado upang
maiwasan at mapangasiwaan ang mga panganib.
Use the Hierarchy of Control in determining actions to take in Yes No
controlling hazards / Oo Hindi
Magamit ang Hagdanan ng Kontrol sa pagtukoy ng angkop na
aksyon upang mapangasiwaan ang mga panganib.
Explain how a risk assessment and other OSH practices promote Yes No
safety in the workplace / Oo Hindi
Maipaliwanag kung paano ang pagtatasa ng panganib at iba
pang gawaing OSH ay makatataguyod ng kaligtasan sa lugar ng
trabaho.
Apply the steps of risk assessment to a technical trade / Yes No
Mailapat ang mga hakbang ng pagtatasa ng panganib sa isang Oo Hindi
gawaing teknikal.
Identify and prepare for effective OSH practices in your technical Yes No
trade / Oo Hindi
Matukoy at maihanda ang epektibong pamamaraang OSH sa
iyong sariling gawaing teknikal o trabaho.
Explain the general safety measures to take when using Yes No
hand/power tools and machinery and equipment / Oo Hindi
Maipaliwanag ang pangkalahatang pamamaraan para sa
pangkaligtasan na angkop sundin kung gumagamit ng
hand/power tools, at makina at iba pang kagamitan sa trabaho.
Describe safety measures specific to your technical trade when Yes No
using hand/power tools and operating machinery and equipment Oo Hindi
/
Mailarawan ang mga pamamaraang pangkaligtasan na tukoy sa
iyong gawaing teknikal o trabaho sa paggamit ng hand/power
tool and pagpapagana ng makina at iba pang kagamitan sa
trabaho.
Use methods of safe handling of tools and equipment / Yes No

Masundan ang mga pamamaraang pangkaligtasan sa maingat Oo Hindi
at ligtas na paghaawak at paggamit ng makina at kagamitan.
Describe why teamwork is essential for OSH in the workplace / Yes No
Mailarawan ang kahalagahan ng pagkakaisa sa OSH sa lugar ng Oo Hindi
trabaho.
Design precaution and safety protocols in the workplace / Yes No
Makabuo ng disenyo patungkol sa pamantayan at pamamaraang Oo Hindi
pangkaligtasan at pag‐iwas sa panganib sa lugar ng trabaho.
Identify safety protocols to prevent common hazards such as Yes No
electrical shock, fires, lifting injuries and ladder accidents / Oo Hindi
Matukoy ang pangkaligtasang pamantayan upang maiwasan
ang pangkaraniwang panganib tulad ng pagkakakuryernte,
sunog,
mga pinsala sa pagbubuhat at aksidente sa hagdan.
Identify typical areas of non-compliance to OSH standards in the Yes No
workplace / Matukoy ang pangkaraniwang lugar o aspeto ng Oo Hindi
trabaho na hindi nakasusunod sa pamantayan ng OSH.
Analyze why employers and employees might not comply with OSH Yes No
standards and practices / Oo Hindi
Maipaliwanag kung bakit ang mga may‐ari at empleyado ay hindi
nakasusunod sa pamantayan at pamamaraang OSH.
Describe the consequences of non-compliance to OSH standards Yes No
/ Nailalarawan ang mga maaaring bunga ng hindi pagsunod sa Oo Hindi
mga pamantayang OSH.
Look at your answers, were there boxes where you circled No? If there are, go back to the
activities in the module that will help you gain the skill identified in the statement. You can also
reach out to your facilitator/trainer to provide you with guidance on what activities you can do
in order to master the skill.
Activity 10: End-of-Module Assessment - Performance Task and Quiz
Objectives:
 Apply the main concepts of Occupational Safety and Health learned in the module
to a workplace scenario
 Correctly answer the questions pertaining to the concepts discussed in the module
Performance Task: Hazards at the Automotive Manufacturing Company!
As an expert in OSH standards and procedures, you have been called in to assist a fast-growing
company that manufactures and repairs automotive parts. They were recently fined by DOLE
for several violations, including not providing employees with the proper PPE, lack of safety
signs in hazardous areas, outdated equipment and not properly orienting employees on OSH
practices or the use of equipment. In addition, the work areas of the company were very
disorganized, with open cans of flammable liquids and no obvious signs of a fire extinguisher.
Your main tasks are to:
1. Help the company create an Occupational Safety and Health program. What are the main
elements? List them here and explain to the company employees what each one means.
Main Elements of an OSH Program:
2. Guide the company in doing a risk assessment. What are the basic steps of a risk assessment?
Basic Steps of a Risk Assessment:
3. List some of the safety issues and hazards based on the information you have been given.
Also name the category of hazard each one falls under.
Safety Issues and Hazards:
4. Based on the safety issues and hazards identified, give some safety tips for handling these
hazards and preventing their occurrence in the future. If you are in a location that has some
of the materials on hand, demonstrate at least 3 of these safety tips.
Safety Tips:
5. Explain the hierarchy of control to the company employees.
Hierarchy of Control:
Rubric for the Performance Task – Hazards at the Automotive Manufacturing Company!
Instructions: Use this rubric/worksheet in rating the performance of the trainee in answering
the questions.
Once done grading, provide your feedback to the trainee.
Name of the Learner/Trainee
Name of the Facilitator/Trainer
Rubric: Put a check on the column that shows your rating for the trainee’s performance based on
the statements.
Statement 1 2 3 4
The learner was able to… Beginning Developing Mostly Accomplished
Accomplished
1. Name the main elements of
an organizational/business
OSH Program
2. Identify the basic steps of a
risk assessment
3. Identify and describe the
types of hazards present
4. Provide safety tips for
different types of hazards
5. Demonstrate the use of
safety precautions (if
possible)
6. Describe the hierarchy of
control
Comments/Suggestions /Feedback:
End-of-Module Assessment
Congratulations for finishing Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and
Procedures for National Certificate Level II! At the end of every module you will take a short
assessment to see how much you have learned. It will help you and your trainer identify the
knowledge and skills you know and what still needs reinforcing. The results will not affect your
ability to continue in the program.
Structure of the Assessment: It has a total of 10 questions. Some questions are multiple choice
and some questions are true or false. You should choose only ONE answer for each question.
Once you have finished answering the questions, note down any clarifications you want to ask
your trainer.
Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and Procedures

(NC II Level)
Circle an answer for each question.
English Tagalog
1. Under the OSH Act, employers are 1. Sa ilalim ng OSH Act, ang mga may-ari ng
responsible for providing . kompanya ay responsible sa pagbibigay ng
a. A safe workplace .
b. Land a. ligtas na lugar ng trabaho
c. Insurance b. lupa
d. Estimation c. insurance
d. pag-eestima
2. OSH was created to . 2. Ginawa ang OSH upang .
a. Conduct data analysis a. magsagawa ng pagsusuri ng datos
b. Reduce hazards b. mabawasan ang mga sakuna
c. Create ecological development c. makagawa ng ekolohiyang pag-unlad
d. Conduct EIA analysis d. magsawa ng pagsusuri ng EIA
3. Which institution establishes and ensures 3. Aling institusyon ang nagtatalaga at
the upholding of responsibilities and rights nagsisiguro ng karapatan ang tungkulin ng
for employers and employees? empleyado at may-ari ng kompanya ?
a. DILG a. DILG
b. DA b. DA
c. DOLE c. DOLE
d. DFA d. DFA
4. OSH ensures that employees have been 4. Sinisiguro ng OSH na ang mga empleyado
provided with . ay nabibigyan ng .
a. hazard pay
a. Hazard Pay b. PPE
b. PPE c. insurance
c. Insurance d. burial permit
d. Burial Permit
5. What is the best way of dealing with a 5. Ano ang pinakamainam na paraan sa
hazard to ensure others are not put at pagsisiguro na ang kapwa mo trabahador ay
risk? ligtas?
a. Remove it a. tanggalin ang hazard
b. Leave it for others to sort out b. iwan ang hazard para makita ng iba
c. Place a barrier tape around it c. lagyan ng tape sa paligid nito
d. Display a notice warning or a d. magkabit ng babala
warning sign
6. How can workers best contribute to a 6. Paano makatutulong ang mga empleyado
positive safety culture in the workplace? upagm magkaroon ng positibo at ligtas na
Select all that apply. kultura sa lugar ng trabaho? Piliin ang mga
a. Know how to complete work titik ng tamang sagot. Maaaring higit pa sa
quickly if things go wrong isa ang piliin.
b. Report any accidents that have a. Alamin kung paano matatapos nang
occurred. mabilis ang trabaho kung magsimulang
c. Report any unsafe conditions as masira ang mga makina sa trabaho
soon as possible b. I-report kaagad ang mga hindi ligtas na
d. Know the location of the first aid kondisyon.
kit and accident book c. I-report kaagad ang mga nakitang
posibleng panggalingan ng sakuna.
d. Alamin kung nasaan ang first-aid kit at
accident book.
7. Which of the following is the legal 7. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang tungkulin ng
responsibility of the employer regarding may-ari ng kompanya patungkol sa
health and safety in the workplace? pagpapantiling malusog at ligtas ang lugar
Select all that apply. ng trabaho?
a. Charging employees for replacing a. Pagbayarin ang empleyado sa nasira o
damaged or lost PPE nawalang PPE.
b. Providing PPE to employees b. Magbigay ng PPE sa mga empleyado
c. Taking out additional insurances c. Bawasan ang mga benepisyo at insurance
for dangerous work sa mga empleyadong may mapanganib na
d. Training employees in safety trabaho.
procedures d. Bigyan ng pagsasanay ang mga empleyado
tungkol sa mga ligtas na pamamaraan.
8. The first two steps in a risk assessment are

8. Ang unang dalawang hakbang sa patatasa
a. Taking a risky action and assessing ng panganib ay:
what happens a. Pagsasagawa ng mapanganib na aksyon
b. Identifying solutions and at pagtukoy sa bunga nito
implementing them b. Pagtukoy ng mga solusyon at
c. Identifying hazards and who they pagsasagawa ng mga ito.
might harm c. Pagtukoy sa mga panganib at sino ang
d. Wearing PPE and using safety signs maaaring mapahamak.
d. Pagsusuot ng PPE at paggamit ng mga
simbolong pangkaligtasan
9. Employees do not need to receive 9. Hindi kailangan ng pagsasanay ng mga
training in the use of tools, machines or empleyado sa paggamit ng mga kagamitan
safety processes because they will learn at makina o ligtas na proseso dahil
on the job. matututunan naman ito sa trabaho.
a. True a. Tama
b. False b. Mali
10. Eliminating a hazard is more effective 10. Ang pag-aalis sa panganib ay mas
than wearing PPE epektibo kung ikukumpara sa pagsusuot ng
a. True PPE.
b. False a. Tama
b. Mali
 Key to Correction
Activity 3: Let’s Exercise: Duties and Rights of Employers and Employees in OSH
1. Agree
2. Disagree. Workers must always wear the PPE required for the job.
3. Agree
4. Agree
5. Disagree. Employers are required to give employees safety training.
6. Disagree. Safety signs should always be used in the workplace to remind employees and
inform potential visitors of any potential hazard.
7. Agree
8. Agree
9. Agree
10. Disagree. Employers should provide a hazard-free work environment. Employees should
be educated on potential hazards.
Activity 4:
Ways to Reduce Risk of Falling on Stairs (sample answers):
1. Protective Equipment - The lowest level of control is to use PPE: in this case,
trainees/trainers should wear footwear that has solid soles, so they are less likely to slip
than if they were wearing sandals.
2. Administrative Controls diminish risk through rules and procedures: the school
leadership makes rules that trainees/trainers should hold handrails while using the stairs
so they will not fall as often.
3. Engineering control is the next level of control - when a solution is engineered to

diminish the problem: for example, the school could cut anti-slip grids into the concrete
steps, so they do not get too slippery, even when they are wet. The engineering control
has addressed the problem, but not the root cause of the issue.
4. Substitution - the next level of control is substitution, an alternative to avoid the risk is
found. In this case, trainees could use a different set of stairs when it is raining—one
that is always dry but may be further away.
5. Elimination - The final level of risk control is elimination of the hazard by removing the
cause of the risk: the school must rebuild the stairs with better roofing and tighter
windows so no water leaks in.
Performance Task Answers:
1. Main elements of an OSH Program: management leadership, worker participation, hazard

identification & assessment, hazard prevention & control, education and training, and
program evaluation & improvement. See Key Facts 7.2: Core Elements of an Occupational
Safety and Health Program for a description of each.
2. Basic steps of a risk assessment:

1. Identify the hazards
2. Identify who might be harmed
3. Evaluate the risks
4. Record the findings
5. Regularly review the risk assessment
3. Safety issues and hazards present:

 Lack of PPE
 Lack of safety signs
 Potentially faulty equipment
 Lack of training in safety procedures and use of equipment
 No visible fire extinguisher
 Flammable liquids not contained (chemical hazard) which could lead to respiratory
problems and potential fire
4. Safety Tips:
For possible answers, refer to Key Facts 7.4: Work Safety Tips for general safety tips; NC I
Review of Safety Tips for Hand and Power Tools and NC I Review of Safety Tips When Using
Equipment and Machinery in Activity 6; and Key Facts 7.8: Safe Practices and Procedures
when on the Job
5. Hierarchy of Control
End-of-Module Assessment
1. A – safe workplace. Under the OSH Act, employers are accountable for providing a
safe and healthful workplace. OSHA’s mission is to assure safe and healthful
workplaces by enforcing standards, and by providing training, outreach, education
and help.
2. B – reduce hazards. OSH was created mainly to encourage employees and
employers to reduce workplace hazards and to implement safety and health
programs.
3. C - DOLE
4. B – PPE. OSH ensures that employees are effectively trained on, have been provided
with and use personal protective equipment when required for safety or health.
Employees must comply with all rules and regulations that apply to their own actions
and conduct.
5. A - Remove it
6. B – Report accidents
C – Report any unsafe conditions as soon as possible
D – Know the location of the first-aid kit and accident book
7. B – Providing PPE to employees
D - Taking out additional insurances for dangerous work
8. B – Personal Protective Equipment
9. B - False
10. A – True
Congratulations! You have completed the module on Practicing Occupational Safety and
Health Policies and Procedures for National Certificate Level II! You are now ready to conquer
the next module.

Module 7 - NC II - Practicing OSH Policies and Procedures - Final

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Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies and Procedures (NC II) Learner’s Handbook

© 2020 Education Development Center, Inc.

Boston | Chicago | New York | Washington, D.C.

Module 7: Practicing Occupational Safety and Health Policies

Unit Code: 400311216

Summary of Learning Outcomes

Activity  Recommended Time

Session 3: Perform tasks in accordance with relevant OSH policies and

 Session 4: Review and Assessment

 Let’s Exercise: What is OSH? (Activity 1)

 Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program (Activity 2)

SESSION 1: Introduction to Problem Solving

 Key Topics and Learning Points 

1. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

Activity 1: Introductory Activity & Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection

 Share experiences and knowledge in policies and practices related to

 Recommended Time: 45 - 60 minutes

Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection:

Let’s Exercise: What is OSH?

After watching the video, answer the following questions below:

1. What is Occupational Safety and Health?

4. As an employee at an organization or company, how do you think you and your

 Key Facts 7.1: What is Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)?

Activity 2: Understanding General OSH Principles

 Recommended Time: 45-60 minutes

1. Avoid and prevent hazards.

1. Who would need to be involved and how?

Key Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health Program:

 Key Facts 7.2: Core Elements of an Occupational Safety and Health

Worker • Workers involved in all aspects of safety & health

• Procedures in place to identify hazards &

• Identify and select methods for eliminating,

Activity 3: OSH Requirements, Regulations, Policies and Procedures

 Recommended Time: 45-60 minutes

Read the following scenario and answer the questions.

1. What is the issue in this scenario?

Let’s Exercise: Duties and Rights of Employers and Employees in OSH

Statement Agree Disagree

 Key Facts 7.2: Declaration Policy3

4. Use only approved devices and equipment for the workplace;

policies, guidelines or information:

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM

 Key Facts 7.3: Duties of Employers, Workers and Other Persons4

Section 4. Duties of Employers, Workers and Other Persons

9. Register establishment to DOLE as provided under the OSH standards.

Let’s Apply – OSH in the Workplace

What is Occupational Safety and Health?

What to do in cases of breaches in OSH standards?

Activity 4: OSH Preventive and Control Requirements

 Recommended Time: 60-90 minutes

NC I Review of Hazards in the Home and Workplace

 Occupational Safety and Health - https://go.edc.org/Dole-osh5

 World Day for Safety and Health at Work - https://go.edc.org/world-day-for-safety6,

 Key Facts 7.4: Work Safety Tips8

Ways to Reduce Risk of Falling on Stairs:

 Key Facts 7.5: Hazard Prevention and Risk Control

 Workplace inspections help prevent incidents, injuries, and illnesses.

 Three principles of risk control:

Let’s Apply: Assessing the OSH of your Home or Workplace

Potential Hazards Possible Preventions/Interventions

Think about it! - Noncompliance

We will go into more depth on noncompliance in Session 3.

 Key Facts 7.6: Mental Health in the Workplace11

Section 4. Definition – The terms are defined as follows: