Professional Documents
Culture Documents
kinnaree chai,+วารสาร+ฉ.3+เรื่องที่+14
kinnaree chai,+วารสาร+ฉ.3+เรื่องที่+14
ðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęöĊñúêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜ
ĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé×ĂÜĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĀúĆÜ
Factors Affecting Perceived Self-Efficacy in
Coping with Labor Pain among Multiparous
Pregnant Women
óĉöúéćǰúĆééćÜćö* üøøèìîćǰýčõÿĊöćîîìŤ** üøøèĊǰđéĊ÷üĂĉýđøý***
Pimlada Luddangam,* Wantana Suppaseemanont,** Wannee Deoisres***
ǰîĉÿĉêĀúĆÖÿĎêøó÷ćïćúýćÿêøöĀćïĆèæĉêǰÙèąó÷ćïćúýćÿêøŤǰöĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷ïĎøóćǰÝßúïčøĊ
* Student in Master of Nursing Science Program, Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, Chonburi Province
**, *** Ùèąó÷ćïćúýćÿêøŤǰöĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷ïĎøóćǰÝßúïčøĊ
**, *** Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, Chonburi Province
** $PSSFTQPOEJOHǰ"VUIPSǰTVQQBTFF!HNBJMDPN
ïìÙĆé÷ŠĂ
ÖćøüĉÝĆ÷îĊĚđðŨîÖćøüĉÝĆ÷đßĉÜìĞćîć÷ǰöĊüĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤđóČęĂýċÖþćÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćø
đñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéǰĒúąýċÖþćðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęöĊñúêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘï
ÙøøõŤÙúĂé×ĂÜĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĀúĆÜǰÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜđðŨîĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĀúĆÜìĊęöćøĆïïøĉÖćøòćÖÙøøõŤǰìĊęñŠćîđÖèæŤÖćø
ÙĆéđךćøŠüöÖćøýċÖþćǰÝĞćîüîǰǰøć÷ǰđúČĂÖÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜĒïïÿąéüÖǰøüïøüöךĂöĎúéšü÷ĒïïïĆîìċÖ×ĂÜ
ñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ ĒúąĒïïÿĂïëćöìĊęÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜìĞćéšü÷êîđĂÜǰüĉđÙøćąĀŤ×šĂöĎúéšü÷ÿëĉêĉóøøèîćǰĒúąÖćøëéëĂ÷
óĀčÙĎèĒïïöćêøåćî
ñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ óïüŠćǰÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĀúĆÜöĊÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâ
ÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤ ÙúĂéĂ÷ĎŠĔîøąéĆïÿĎÜǰ M = , SD = , Range = 1 - 10) ÝćÖÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤ ÖćøëéëĂ÷
óĀčÙĎèĒïïöćêøåćî óïüŠćǰÝĞćîüîÙøĆĚÜ×ĂÜÖćøÙúĂéĔîĂéĊê ÙüćöóċÜóĂĔÝêŠĂðøąÿïÖćøèŤÖćøÙúĂéĔîĂéĊê
đÝêÙêĉêŠĂÖćøêĆĚÜÙøøõŤ ÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüú×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰĒúąÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰøŠüöÖĆî
Ăíĉïć÷ÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé ÙĉéđðŨîøšĂ÷úąǰǰ R ǰ,
F
ǰ
ǰQǰǰ001) Ă÷ŠćÜĕøÖĘêćööĊðŦÝÝĆ÷đóĊ÷ÜǰǰðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęöĊñúĂ÷ŠćÜöĊîĆ÷ÿĞćÙĆâìćÜÿëĉêĉêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎš
Ùüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé ÙČĂ ÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰ E = ,
Uǰǰ
ǰQǰǰ001) ĒúąÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüú×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰ E = -, t = -
ǰQǰǰ01)
ñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷đÿîĂĒîąüŠć ó÷ćïćúĒñîÖòćÖÙøøõŤÙüøðøąđöĉîĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤđÖĊę÷üÖĆïÖćøĕéšøĆïÖćø
ÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙöĒúąÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüú×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰđóČęĂđðŨîĒîüìćÜĔîÖćøÿŠÜđÿøĉöĔĀšĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĕéšøĆï
ÖćøÿîĆïÿîčî ìćÜÿĆÜÙöĒúąđðŨîĒîüìćÜĔîÖćøúéÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüú×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤ ìĊę ÝąöĊñúêŠĂÖćøøĆï øĎš
Ùüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéǰĂĆîÝąîĞćĕðÿĎŠÖćøöĊñúúĆóíŤ×ĂÜÖćøêĆĚÜÙøøõŤìĊęéĊ
ÙĞćÿĞćÙĆâǰ: ĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĀúĆÜ ÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé
Abstract
5IJTǰ TUVEZǰ IBEǰ EFTJHOǰ BTǰ QSFEJDUJWFǰ SFTFBSDIǰ *UTǰ objectives were to examine
perceived self-efficacy in coping with labor pain, and to investigate factors affecting
perceived self-efficacy on DPQJOHǰ XJUIǰ MBCPSǰ QBJOǰ BNPOHǰ NVMUJQBSPVTǰ QSFHOBOUǰ XPNFOǰ
Participants consisted of multiparous pregnant women who attended antenatal care
"/$
ǰDMJOJDTǰBOEǰNFUǰTUVEZǰJODMVTJPOǰDSJUFSJBǰ5IFZǰXFSFǰTFMFDUFEǰCZǰDPOWFOJFODFǰTBNQMJOHǰ
Data were collected by researcher’s record form and participants’ self-SFQPSUǰRVFTUJPOOBJSFT
Data were analZ[FEǰCZǰEFTDSJQUJWFǰTUBUJTUJDTǰBOEǰTUBOEBSEǰNVMUJQMFǰSFHSFTTJPOǰBOBMZTJT
Study resulted that multiparous pregnant women had perceived self-efficacy in
coping with labor pain at a high level .ǰǰ
ǰ4%ǰǰ, Range = 1-10
ǰ'SPNǰSFTVMUTǰPGǰ
standard multiple regression analysis; parity, satisfaction with previous childbirth experience,
attitude toward pregnancy, anxiety during pregnancy, and social support during pregnancy
accounted for of the variance in perceived self-efficacy of coping with labor pain
3 ǰ, F
ǰ
ǰQǰǰ
ǰHowever, only two factors significantly affected perceived
self-efficacy in coping with labor pain: TPDJBMǰTVQQPSUǰEVSJOHǰQSFHOBODZǰ E = , Uǰǰ
ǰ
Qǰǰ001) and BOYJFUZǰEVSJOHǰQSFHOBODZǰ E = -, t = -
ǰQǰǰ
Findings suggest that ANC nurses would assess pregnant women about their social
TVQQPSUǰBOEǰBOYJFUZǰEVSJOHǰQSFHOBODZǰ5IFO
ǰnurses encourage women to have social support
and help them decrease their anxiety in order to increase their perceived self-efficacy of
DPQJOHǰXJUIǰMBCPSǰQBJOǰ5IJTǰNJHIUǰMFBEǰQSFHOBOUǰXPNFOǰUPǰIBWFǰQPTJUJWFǰQSFHOBODZǰPVUDPNFT
Keywords : multiparous pregnant women, perceived self-efficacy in coping with labor pain
ÙüćöđðŨîöćĒúąÙüćöÿĞćÙĆâ öĊ Ö ćøêĉ é đßČĚ Ă îš Ă ÷ÖüŠ ć ǰøą÷ąđüúćìĊę êš Ă ÜĂ÷ĎŠ Ĕ î
×ĂÜðŦâĀć ēøÜó ÷ćïćúîš Ă ÷ÖüŠ ć ǰöĊ ÙŠ ć Ĕßš ÝŠ ć ÷îš Ă ÷ÖüŠ ćǰ
ÖćøÙúĂéđĂÜìćÜߊ Ă ÜÙúĂéÿŠÜñúéĊ êŠ Ă ÿćöćøëĔĀšîöĒöŠĕéšìĆîìĊìĞćĔĀšöĊÙüćööĆęîĔÝĔîÖćø
öćøéćĒúąìćøÖǰñúéĊêŠĂöćøéć ÙČĂǰöćøéćøĎšÿċÖ đúĊĚ÷ÜúĎÖéšü÷îöĒöŠĀúĆÜÙúĂéǰĒúąöĊĒîüēîšöìĊęÝą
õĎöĉĔÝìĊęÿćöćøëÙúĂéïčêøéšü÷êîđĂÜĕéšǰôŚŪîêĆüđøĘüÖüŠć ÙúĂéđĂÜēé÷ĕöŠ êš Ă ÜñŠ ć êĆ é ÙúĂéĔîÙøøõŤ ëĆ é ĕðǰ
6. ÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔî êîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéÿĎÜǰàċęÜךĂöĎú
ÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé üĆéēé÷ĒïïÿĂïëćö đßĉÜóøøèîćđÖĊę÷üÖĆïøąéĆïÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë
ÖćøøĆ ï øĎš Ù üćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøÙúĂéǰ ×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâ ÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéĒïŠÜ
Childbirth self-efficacy inventory : $#4&*
ǰ êćöÙąĒîîđÞúĊę ÷ ǰ - 10) đðŨ î ǰ øąéĆ ï ǰêćö
ÿøšćÜēé÷ǰLowe10 ĒðúđðŨîĕì÷éšü÷đìÙîĉÙÖćøĒðú ĒîüÙĉé×ĂÜ ÖĆú÷ćǰüćîĉß÷ŤïĆâßć ÙČĂǰöĊÖćøøĆïøĎš
÷šĂîÖúĆï ēé÷ Ööúìĉó÷ŤǰêĆĚÜĀúĆÖöĆęîÙÜǰĒúąÙèą Ùüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤ
ĒïïÿĂïëćöîĊĚ ë ćöÖćøøĆï øĎšÙ üćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜ ÙúĂéĔîøąéĆïêęĞćǰ ÙąĒîîđÞúĊę÷ǰ1 - ÙąĒîî
ךĂöĎúìĊęēøÜó÷ćïćúÖćāÿĉîíčŤ
ǰēé÷ßĊĚĒÝÜøć÷úąđĂĊ÷é ǰóùýÝĉÖć÷îǰóýǰǰëċÜüĆîìĊę ǰóùýÝĉÖć÷îǰ
×ĂÜÖćøüĉ ÝĆ ÷ ǰĒúąàĆ Ö àš Ă öđÖĊę ÷ üÖĆ ï ÖćøÙĆ é đúČ Ă Ö óýǰ ×èąêĉ é êŠ Ă ñĎš ìĊę öĊ úĆ Ö þèąÙúš ć ÷ÖúčŠ ö
ÖúčŠö êĆüĂ÷ŠćÜǰÖćøóĉ ìĆ ÖþŤ ÿĉ ì íĉĝÖ účŠ öêĆ üĂ÷Š ćÜǰĒúą êĆüĂ÷ŠćÜǰñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ĒúąñϚߊü÷üĉÝĆ÷Ăíĉïć÷üĆêëčðøąÿÜÙŤ
ÖćøđÖĘïøüïøüöךĂöĎú Ēúąøć÷úąđĂĊ÷é×ĂÜÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ǰĒúšü×ĂĔĀšđךćøŠüö
ñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ĕéšðøąÿćîÜćîÖĆïïčÙúćÖøÿč×õćó ÖćøüĉÝĆ÷éšü÷ÙüćöÿöĆÙøĔÝ
ìĊęĒñîÖòćÖÙøøõŤ × ĂÜēøÜó÷ćïćúöĀćÿćøÙćöǰ ÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤ×Ăš öĎú
ēøÜó÷ćïćúøšĂ ÷đĂĘé ǰĒúąēøÜó÷ćïćúÖćāÿĉî íčŤǰ üĉđÙøćąĀŤ×šĂöĎúéšü÷ēðøĒÖøöüĉđÙøćąĀŤ
đÖĊę÷üÖĆïÖćøđÖĘïøüïøüöךĂöĎúĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĒúą ךĂöĎúÿĞćđøĘÝøĎðǰēé÷ÖĞćĀîéÙŠćîĆ÷ÿĞćÙĆâìćÜÿëĉêĉìĊę
ÖćøéĎĒúĔĀšĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĕéšøĆïÖćøòćÖÙøøõŤêćö øąéĆïǰ éšü÷ÖćøĔßšÿëĉêĉéĆÜîĊĚ
Ùĉü ĒúšüñĎšüĉÝĆ÷ĒúąñϚߊü÷îĆÖüĉÝĆ÷ĒÝÖĒïïÿĂïëćö ǰךĂöĎúÿŠüîïčÙÙúǰüĉđÙøćąĀŤéšü÷ÙüćöëĊę
ĔĀšÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜêĂïĒïïÿĂïëćöéšü÷êîđĂÜ Ĕßš øšĂ÷úąǰÙŠćóĉÿĆ÷ǰÙŠćđÞúĊę÷ǰĒúąÿŠüîđïĊę÷Üđïîöćêøåćî
đüúćĔîÖćøêĂïĒïïÿĂïëćöĕöŠđÖĉîǰǰîćìĊǰēé÷ ǰÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔî
ñĎš üĉ ÝĆ ÷ ĒúąñĎš ߊ ü ÷îĆ Ö üĉ ÝĆ ÷ Ă÷ĎŠ ï øĉ đ üèîĆĚ î đóČę Ă ĔĀš ÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéǰøąéĆï×ĂÜÖćøøĆïøĎš
ÙĞćĂíĉïć÷đöČęĂÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜöĊךĂÿÜÿĆ÷ ñĎšüĉÝĆ÷Ēúą Ùüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉ â ÖćøđÝĘ ï
ñϚߊü÷îĆÖüĉÝĆ÷ǰǰÙî øüöđðŨîǰǰÙîǰĕéšđÖĘïøüïøüö ÙøøõŤ Ù úĂé üĉ đÙøćąĀŤ éš ü ÷ÙüćöëĊę ǰĒúąøš Ă ÷úą
ךĂöĎúøąĀüŠćÜđéČĂîóùýÝĉÖć÷îǰóýǰǰëċÜ ÿŠ ü îÙąĒîîéĉ ï üĉ đÙøćąĀŤ éš ü ÷ÙŠ ć óĉ ÿĆ ÷ ǰÙŠ ć đÞúĊę ÷ǰ
đéČĂîÖčöõćóĆîíŤǰóýǰ ĒúąÿŠüîđïĊę÷Üđïîöćêøåćî
ÖćøóĉìĆÖþŤÿìĉ íĉÖĝ účŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜ ǰðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęöĊñúêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë
Üćî üĉÝĆ ÷ îĊĚ ĕéš ñŠ ćî Ö ćøøĆ ï øĂ ÜÝ ćÖ ×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéǰðŦÝÝĆ÷
ÙèąÖøøöÖćøóĉÝćøèćÝøĉ÷íøøöÖćøüĉÝĆ÷øąéĆï éš ćîÝĞ ćîüîÙøĆĚÜ ×ĂÜÖćøÙúĂéĔîĂéĊ ê Ùüćöóċ Ü
ïĆèæĉêýċÖþćǰÙèąó÷ćïćúýćÿêøŤǰöĀćüĉì÷ćúĆ÷ óĂĔÝêŠĂðøąÿïÖćøèŤÖćøÙúĂéĔîĂéĊêǰđÝêÙêĉêŠĂ
ïĎøóćǰđú×ìĊęđĂÖÿćøøĆïøĂÜǰ-07-ǰøĆïøĂÜ ÖćøêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüú×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤ Ēúą
đöČęĂüĆîìĊę ÿĉÜĀćÙö óýǰ ñŠćîÖćøøĆïøĂÜ ÖćøÿîĆ ï ÿîč î ìćÜÿĆ ÜÙö×èąêĆĚ ÜÙøøõŤ ìĊę øŠü öÖĆ î
ÝćÖÙèąÖøøöÖćøóĉÝćøèćÝøĉ÷íøøöÖćøüĉÝĆ÷Ĕî Ăíĉï ć÷ÖćøøĆï øĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćø
öîčþ÷Ť×ĂÜēøÜó÷ćïćúöĀćÿćøÙćö đú×ìĊęđĂÖÿćø đñßĉ â ÖćøđÝĘ ï ÙøøõŤ Ù úĂéǰüĉ đ ÙøćąĀŤ éš ü ÷Öćø
øĆïøĂÜǰMSKH_REC -- øĆïøĂÜøąĀüŠćÜ ëéëĂ÷óĀčÙĎèĒïïöćêøåćîǰ Standard multiple
üĆ î ìĊę ǰ ǰóùýÝĉ Ö ć÷îǰóýǰ ëċ Ü üĆ î ìĊę regression analysis)
óùýÝĉ Ö ć÷îǰóýǰ ñŠć îÖćøøĆ ï øĂÜÝćÖ
ÙèąÖøøöÖćøóĉÝćøèćÝøĉ÷íøøöÖćøüĉÝĆ÷Ĕîöîčþ÷Ť ñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷
×ĂÜēøÜó÷ćïćúøš Ă ÷đĂĘ é ǰđú×ìĊę đĂÖÿćøøĆ ï øĂÜǰ 1. ךĂöĎúÿŠüîïčÙÙú
ǰøĆïøĂÜøąĀüŠćÜüĆîìĊę ǰêčúćÙöǰóýǰ ñúÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤ×šĂöĎúÿŠüîïčÙÙú×ĂÜ
ǰëċÜüĆîìĊę ǰêčúćÙöǰóýǰ ĒúąñŠćîÖćø ÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜéšü÷ÙŠćđÞúĊę÷ǰĒúąǰÿŠüîđïĊę÷Üđïîöćêøåćî
øĆïøĂÜÝćÖÙèąÖøøöÖćøóĉÝćøèćÝøĉ÷íøøöÖćø óïüŠćǰÖúčŠ öêĆ üĂ÷ŠćÜöĊ ÙŠ ćđÞúĊę÷×ĂÜĂć÷čǰ ðŘǰ
üĉ ÝĆ ÷ Ĕîöîč þ ÷Ť × ĂÜēøÜó÷ćïćúÖćāÿĉ î íčŤ ǰđú×ìĊę 4%ǰǰ
ǰÝĞ ć îüîðŘ ìĊę ýċ Ö þćǰ ðŘ ǰ SD =
đĂÖÿćøøĆïøĂÜǰE øĆïøĂÜøąĀüŠćÜüĆîìĊę
ǰøć÷ĕéšÙøĂïÙøĆüøć÷đéČĂîǰ
ïćìǰ
4%ǰǰ
ǰÿĞćĀøĆïñúÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤ×šĂöĎú ÿŠ ü îêĆ ü øš Ă ÷úąǰ Ēúąǰ öĊ ÿ ëćîõćó
ÿŠüîïčÙÙú×ĂÜÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜéšü÷ÙŠćÙüćöëĊęǰĒúą ÿöøÿÙĎŠ øšĂ÷úąǰ Ă÷ĎŠĔîÙøĂïÙøĆü×÷ć÷øšĂ÷úą
øš Ă ÷úąǰóïüŠ ć ǰÖúčŠ ö êĆ ü Ă÷Š ć ÜîĆ ï ëČ Ă ýćÿîćóč ì í öĊïčêøöĊßĊóǰǰÙî øšĂ÷úąǰ öĊĂć÷čÙøøõŤ
øšĂ÷úąǰ ýċÖþćøąéĆïöĆí÷öýċÖþć øšĂ÷úąǰ øąĀüŠćÜǰ - ÿĆðéćĀŤ øšĂ÷úąǰ éĆÜĒÿéÜ
öĊĂćßĊóĒöŠïšćîǰĒúąöĊÜćîðøąÝĞćÙšć×ć÷íčøÖĉÝ ĔîêćøćÜìĊęǰ
êćøćÜìĊęǰ ñúÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤÿëĉêĉđßĉÜóøøèîćךĂöĎúÿŠüîïčÙÙú×ĂÜÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜǰ n =
Possible Actual
êĆüĒðøêćö M SD øąéĆï
range range
ÖćøøĆï øĎš Ù üćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉ â ÖćøđÝĘ ï ÙøøõŤ 1 - 10 1 - 10 ÿĎÜ
ÙúĂé
- ÙüćöÙćéĀüĆÜĔîñúúĆóíŤ×ĂÜüĉíĊÖćøđñßĉâ ÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤ 1 - 10 1 - 10 ÿĎÜ
ÙúĂé
- ÙüćöÙćéĀüĆÜüŠćêîđĂÜÝąÿćöćøëðäĉïĆêĉóùêĉÖøøöÖćø 1 - 10 1 - 10 ÿĎÜ
đñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé
4. ðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęöĊñúêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé
ñúÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęöĊñúêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤ
ÙúĂéǰéšü÷ Standard multiple regression analysis óïüŠć êĆüĒðøÝĞćîüîÙøĆĚÜ×ĂÜÖćøÙúĂéĔîĂéĊêǰ
ÙüćöóċÜóĂĔÝêŠĂðøąÿïÖćøèŤÖćøÙúĂéĔîĂéĊêǰđÝêÙêĉêŠĂÖćøêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüú×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰĒúą
ÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰøŠüöÖĆîĂíĉïć÷ÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘï
ÙøøõŤÙúĂé ÙĉéđðŨîøšĂ÷úąǰǰ R ǰ, F
=
ǰQǰǰ
ǰĒêŠöĊêĆüĒðøìĊęöĊñúêŠĂêĆüĒðøêćö
Ă÷ŠćÜöĊîĆ÷ÿĞćÙĆâìćÜÿëĉêĉđóĊ÷ÜǰǰêĆüĒðøǰÙČĂǰÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰ E = 0, Uǰǰ
Qǰǰ
ǰĒúąÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüú×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰ E = -0, t = -
ǰQǰǰ01) éĆÜĒÿéÜĔîêćøćÜìĊęǰ
êćøćÜìĊęǰ4 ñúÖćøüĉđÙøćąĀŤðŦÝÝĆ÷ìĊęöĊñúêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤ
ÙúĂé n =
ÖćøĂõĉðøć÷ñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ øĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘï
ñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ óïüŠćǰÝĞćîüîÙøĆĚÜ×ĂÜÖćø ÙøøõŤÙúĂé11
ÙúĂéĔîĂéĊêǰÙüćöóċÜóĂĔÝêŠĂðøąÿïÖćøèŤÖćø 2. ÙüćöóċÜóĂĔÝêŠĂðøąÿïÖćøèŤÖćø
ÙúĂéĔîĂéĊêǰđÝêÙêĉêŠĂÖćøêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰÙüćöüĉêÖ ÙúĂéĔîĂéĊê
ÖĆÜüú×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰĒúąÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö Ùüćöóċ ÜóĂĔÝêŠĂðøąÿïÖćøèŤ Öćø
×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰøŠüöÖĆîĂíĉïć÷ÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë ÙúĂéĔîĂéĊêǰöĊñúêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜ
×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâ ÖćøđÝĘï ÙøøõŤÙúĂé×ĂÜ êîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéĂ÷ŠćÜĕöŠöĊ
ĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĀúĆÜǰĒêŠöĊêĆüĒðøêšîđóĊ÷ÜǰǰêĆüǰÙČĂǰ îĆ÷ ÿĞćÙĆâ ìćÜÿëĉêĉǰĕöŠ đðŨ îĕðêćöÿööêĉ åćîÖćø
ÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰĒúąÙüćö üĉÝĆ÷ǰĂćÝĂíĉïć÷ĕéšüŠćǰÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜìĆĚÜĀöéđÙ÷öĊ
üĉê ÖÖĆ Üüú×èąêĆĚ ÜÙøøõŤ ǰìĊę öĊ ñúĂ÷ŠćÜöĊ îĆ ÷ ÿĞćÙĆ â ïčêøöĊßĊüĉêĂ÷ŠćÜîšĂ÷ǰǰÙîǰĒúąöĊÙŠćđÞúĊę÷ÙąĒîî
ìćÜÿëĉêĉêŠĂêĆüĒðøêćö ÝćÖñúÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ÿćöćøë ÙüćöóċÜóĂĔÝêŠĂðøąÿïÖćøèŤÖćøÙúĂéĔîĂéĊê
Ăõĉðøć÷ñúĕéšéĆÜîĊĚ ĔîõćóøüöǰǰÙąĒîî ÝćÖÙąĒîîđêĘöǰǰ
1. ÝĞćîüîÙøĆĚÜ×ĂÜÖćøÙúĂéĔîĂéĊê ÙąĒîîǰëČĂüŠćĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤöĊÙüćöóċÜóĂĔÝÿĎÜêŠĂ
ÝĞćîüîÙøĆĚÜ×ĂÜÖćøÙúĂéĔîĂéĊêǰöĊ ðøąÿïÖćøèŤÖćøÙúĂéĔîõćóøüöǰĂćÝĀöć÷ëċÜ
ñúêŠ Ă ÖćøøĆ ï øĎš Ù üćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćø ÖćøöĊðøąÿïÖćøèŤìĊęéĊĀúĆÜÙúĂéïčêøöĊßĊóǰÖćøìĊę
đñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéĂ÷ŠćÜĕöŠöĊîĆ÷ÿĞćÙĆâìćÜ ÖćøýċÖþćîĊĚĕöŠĕéšëćöÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜëċÜÙüćöÙĉéđĀĘî
ÿëĉêĉ ĕöŠđðŨîĕðêćöÿööêĉåćîÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ ĂćÝĂíĉïć÷ Ĕîøą÷ąÙúĂéēé÷êøÜǰìĞćĔĀšðøąÿïÖćøèŤìęĊÖúčŠö
ĕéšüŠćǰÖćøÙúĂéđðŨîÖćøđñßĉâÖĆïÙüćöĕöŠĒîŠîĂî êĆüĂ÷ŠćÜêĂïĂćÝĕöŠđÖĊę÷üđîČęĂÜÖĆïÙüćöÙĉéđÖĊę÷üÖĆï
ìĞ ćĔĀš Ā âĉ Ü êĆĚ Ü ÙøøõŤ ìĊę Ē öš Ý ąñŠ ćîÖćøÙúĂéđóĊ ÷ Ü ÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéĒúąÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤ
ÙøĆĚÜđéĊ÷üĀøČĂĀúć÷ÙøĆĚÜ ĕöŠöĊñúêŠĂÙüćööĆęîĔÝüŠć ÙúĂéđú÷ǰÿŠ Ü ñúĔĀš êĆ ü ĒðøîĊĚ ĕöŠ öĊ ñ úêŠ Ă ÖćøøĆ ï øĎš
êîđĂÜÝąñŠćîóšîÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéĕðĕéšéšü÷éĊǰ Ùüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøìĊęÝąđñßĉâÖĆïÖćø
ÝċÜ ÿŠ ÜñúĔĀš ÝĞćîüîÙøĆĚÜ ×ĂÜÖćøÙúĂéĕöŠ öĊ ñ úêŠ Ă đÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéìĊęÝąđÖĉé×ċĚîĔîÙøøõŤîĊĚ àċęÜ×ĆéĒ÷šÜ
ÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćø ÖĆïĒîüÙĉé×ĂÜǰBandura ìĊęÖúŠćüüŠćǰÖćøðøąÿï
đÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéǰàċęÜ×ĆéĒ÷šÜÖĆïÖćøýċÖ þćìĊęó ïüŠć ñúÿĞćđøĘÝĔîÖćøðäĉïĆêĉóùêĉÖøøöÿč×õćóĔîĂéĊê
ñĎš Ù úĂéÙøøõŤ Ā úĆ Ü öĊ Ù üćöÖúĆ ü ÖćøÙúĂéêęĞ ć ÖüŠ ć ìĞćĔĀšïčÙÙúöĊÙüćöđßČęĂöĆęîĀøČĂøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë
ñĎš Ù úĂéÙøøõŤ Ē øÖ àċę Ü ÙüćöÖúĆ ü ÖćøÙúĂéöĊ ×ĂÜêîđĂÜÿĎ Ü Ēúą×Ć é Ē÷š Ü ÖĆ ï ñúÖćøýċ Ö þćìĊę
ÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤìćÜúïÖĆïÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜ óïüŠćǰĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤìĊęöĊðøąÿïÖćøèŤÖćøÙúĂéĔî
êîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé ÝċÜ×ĆéĒ÷šÜ ĂéĊ ê éĊ öĊ Ē îüēîš ö ìĊę Ý ąøĆ ï øĎš Ù üćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜ
ÖĆïñúÖćøýċÖþćìĊęóïüŠćǰĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĀúĆÜöĊÖćø êîđĂÜÿĎÜđÖĊę÷üÖĆïÖćøÙúĂéÙøĆĚÜëĆéĕð11
øĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøÙúĂéÿĎÜÖüŠć 3. đÝêÙêĉêŠĂÖćøêĆĚÜÙøøõŤ
Āâĉ ÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĒøÖ10 ĒêŠÿĂéÙúšĂÜÖĆïñúÜćîüĉÝĆ÷ìĊę đÝêÙêĉ êŠĂ ÖćøêĆĚ ÜÙøøõŤ ǰöĊ ñúêŠ ĂÖćø
óïüŠćǰÝĞ ćîüîÙøĆĚÜ ×ĂÜÖćøÙúĂéĕöŠ öĊ ñ úêŠ Ă Öćø øĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘï
ÙøøõŤÙúĂéĂ÷ŠćÜĕöŠöĊîĆ÷ÿĞćÙĆâìćÜÿëĉêĉǰĕöŠđðŨîĕð
êćöÿööêĉ åćîÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ ǰĂćÝĂíĉïć÷ĕéš üŠćǰÖćøöĊ
đÝêÙêĉìĊęéĊêŠĂÖćøêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĔîÖćøýċÖþćîĊĚ Āöć÷ëċÜ Öćøýċ Ö þćìĊę ó ïüŠ ć ǰñĎš ìĊę öĊ Ù üćöüĉ ê ÖÖĆ Ü üúêęĞ ć öĊ
ÖćøöĊđÝêÙêĉìĊęéĊêŠĂÖćøđðúĊę÷îĒðúÜéšćîøŠćÜÖć÷ ĒîüēîšöìĊęÝąöĊÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜÿĎÜ
ĒúąÝĉ ê ÿĆ Ü Ùö×èąêĆĚ Ü ÙøøõŤ ìĊę ĕ öŠ đÖĊę ÷ üך Ă ÜĒúą ĀøČĂöĊÙüćöđßČęĂöĆęîêŠĂÖćøðøąÿïñúÿĞćđøĘÝĔîÖćø
đÞóćąđÝćąÝÜÖĆïÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéđú÷ǰÝċÜÿŠÜñú đøĊ÷îǰĔîîĆÖđøĊ÷îöĆí÷öðúć÷ ĔîîĆÖđøĊ÷îøąéĆï
ĔĀš đ ÝêÙêĉ êŠ Ă ÖćøêĆĚ Ü ÙøøõŤ ĕ öŠ öĊ ñ úêŠ Ă ÖćøøĆ ï øĎš ðøĉââćêøĊ
7 ĔîñĎšđøĊ÷îĀúĆÖÿĎêøđüßÖĉÝÞčÖđÞĉî
Ùüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉ â ÖćøđÝĘ ï ĀøČĂĔîñĎšđøĊ÷îøąéĆïðøĉââćđĂÖ
ÙøøõŤÙúĂéǰàċęÜ×ĆéĒ÷šÜÖĆïĒîüÙĉé×ĂÜǰBandura ìĊę 5 . Ö ćøÿ îĆ ï ÿ îč î ì ćÜÿĆ ÜÙ ö × è ą
ÖúŠćüüŠćǰÖćøöĊđÝêÙêĉìĊęéĊêŠĂóùêĉÖøøöÿč×õćóĔéė êĆĚÜÙøøõŤ
ÝąìĞćĔĀšïčÙÙúöĊÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜ ÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤ
ĀøČĂöĊÙüćööĆęîĔÝìĊęÝąðäĉïĆêĉóùêĉÖøøöîĆĚîė Ēúą öĊ ñúĂ÷Š ćÜöĊ îĆ ÷ÿĞ ćÙĆ â ìćÜÿëĉ êĉ êŠ Ă ÖćøøĆ ï øĎš Ùüćö
×Ć é Ē÷š Ü ÖĆ ï Öćøýċ Ö þćìĊę ó ïüŠ ć đÝêÙêĉ ìĊę éĊ êŠ Ă üĉ ß ć ÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé
Ùèĉ ê ýćÿêøŤ öĊ Ù üćöÿĆ ö óĆ î íŤ ÖĆ î ÿĎ Ü ÖĆ ï ÖćøøĆ ï øĎš đðŨîĕðêćöÿööêĉåćîÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ǰÿćöćøëĂíĉïć÷ĕéšüŠć
Ùüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøðøąÿïÙüćöÿĞćđøĘÝ ÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤĀúĆÜĕéšøĆïÖćøÿîĆïÿîčî
ĔîÖćøđøĊ÷îüĉßćÙèĉêýćÿêøŤĔîîĆÖđøĊ÷îöĆí÷öêšî ìćÜÿĆ Ü Ùöēé÷øüöĒúąøć÷éš ć îĔîøąéĆ ï ÿĎ Üǰ
ĀøČĂĔîîĆÖđøĊ÷îöĆí÷öðúć÷ ēé÷øüö M = , øć÷éšćî .ǰǰ - ,
4. ÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüú×èąêĆÜĚ ÙøøõŤ Possible range = 1 -
đîČęĂÜÝćÖÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜ
Ùüćöüĉ ê ÖÖĆ Üüú×èąêĆĚ Ü ÙøøõŤ öĊ ñ ú ÿŠüîĔĀâŠöĊÿëćîõćóÿöøÿÙĎŠǰ øšĂ÷úąǰ
ǰĂ÷ĎŠĔî
Ă÷ŠćÜöĊîĆ÷ÿĞćÙĆâìćÜÿëĉêĉêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎšÙüćöÿćöćøë ÙøĂïÙøĆ ü ×÷ć÷ǰ øš Ă ÷úąǰ
ǰĒúąöĊ Ü ćîìĞ ćǰ
×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéǰđðŨîĕð øšĂ÷úąǰ
ǰÝċÜĂćÝĕéšøĆïÖćøéĎĒúߊü÷đĀúČĂÝćÖ
êćöÿööêĉåćîÖćøüĉÝĆ÷ǰÿćöćøëĂíĉïć÷ĕéšüŠć ÖúčŠö ÙĎŠßĊüĉêǰÙøĂïÙøĆüǰđóČęĂîǰïčÙúćÖøÿč×õćó ĀøČĂÖćø
êĆ ü Ă÷Š ć ÜĀâĉ Ü êĆĚ Ü ÙøøõŤ Ā úĆ Ü öĊ Ù üćöüĉ ê ÖÖĆ Ü üúĔî ĕéšøĆïÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙöéšćîךĂöĎú׊ćüÿćøǰ
øąéĆïêęĞć Range = 1 - , M = , SD =
đÖĊę÷üÖĆïïìïćìĀîšćìĊęÖćøđðŨîöćøéćǰÖćøéĎĒú
đîČęĂÜÝćÖĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤøšĂ÷úąǰǰöĊĂć÷čøąĀüŠćÜǰ êîđĂÜ×èąêĆĚ Ü ÙøøõŤ ǰÖćøĕéš øĆ ï ÙĞ ć ĒîąîĞ ćđöČę Ă öĊ
- ǰðŘ ǰĒúąøš Ă ÷úąǰǰöĊ Ă ć÷č Ù øøõŤ Ù øï ðŦ â Āćÿč × õćó
ǰÖćøÿîĆ ï ÿîč î ìćÜÿĆ Ü Ùöéš ć î
ÖĞ ć ĀîéǰÝċ Ü öĊ Ù üćöóøš Ă öìĆĚ Ü üč çĉ õ ćüąìćÜéš ć î ĂćøöèŤ ǰ ÙČ Ă ǰøĆ ï øĎš üŠ ć öĊ Ù îĕüš ìĊę Ĕ Ýĕéš ǰöĊ Ù îđך ć ĔÝǰ
øŠćÜÖć÷ĒúąÝĉêĔÝêŠĂÖćøÙúĂéĒúąÖćøöĊïčêøǰĂĊÖ ÙĂ÷øĆ Ö ĔÙøŠ ǰ éĎ Ē úǰđĂćĔÝĔÿŠ ǰ øĆ ï ôŦ Ü Öćøøąïć÷
ìĆĚÜĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤìĆĚÜĀöéđÙ÷öĊïčêøöĊßĊüĉêĂ÷ŠćÜîšĂ÷ǰ ÙüćöøĎš ÿċ Ö ǰðúĂïē÷îǰĒúąĔĀš ÖĞ ć úĆ Ü ĔÝ
Öćø
ǰÙîǰìĞćĔĀšÖúčŠöêĆüĂ÷ŠćÜÿŠüîĔĀâŠöĊÿč×õćóÝĉêéĊǰöĊ ÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙöéšćîüĆêëčÿĉęÜ×ĂÜĒúąĒøÜÜćîǰ
ÖĞćúĆÜĔÝéĊǰöĊÝĉêĔÝöĆęîÙÜǰÿŠÜñúĔĀšöĊÙüćööĆęîĔÝêŠĂ ÙČ Ă ǰöĊ Ù îߊ ü ÷đêøĊ ÷ öĀøČ Ă ÝĆ é ĀćĂćĀćø×ĂÜĔßš
ÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéÙøĆĚÜîĊĚǰ ÿĂéÙúšĂÜÖĆï ÿĞćĀøĆïÖćøÙúĂéǰöĊñĎšÙĂ÷ߊü÷đĀúČĂéĎĒúÙŠćĔߚ݊ć÷
ĒîüÙĉé×ĂÜǰNilsson ĒúąǰLundgren ìĊęÖúŠćüüŠćǰ ĒúąđöČęĂöĊðŦâ Āćÿč×õćóöĊÙîÙĂ÷éĎĒúߊü÷đĀúČĂ
ĀćÖĀâĉ ÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤöĊÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüúêęĞćÝąöĊÙüćö ĀøČĂóćĕðóïĒóì÷Ť
ǰĒúąÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö
ìîìćîêŠĂÙüćöđÙøĊ÷éÿĎÜǰìĞćĔĀšĕöŠÖúĆüÖćøÙúĂé éšćîÖćøðøąđöĉî đóČę ĂĔĀš ךĂöĎúǰ ÙČĂǰöĊñĎšÙĂ÷éĎĒú
ĒúąđÖĉéÙüćööĆęîĔÝüŠćêîđĂÜÝąÿćöćøëđñßĉâÖĆï đÖĊę ÷ üÖĆ ï ÖćøóĆ Ö ñŠ Ă î ÖćøøĆ ï ðøąìćî÷ćïĞ ć øč Ü
ÖćøđÝĘ ï ÙøøõŤ Ù úĂéĕéš ĒúąÿĂéÙúš Ă ÜÖĆ ï ñú ÙøøõŤǰĒúąÖćøøĆïïøĉÖćøòćÖÙøøõŤêćöîĆé
ǰìĞćĔĀš
Āâĉ Ü êĆĚ Ü ÙøøõŤ øĎš ÿċ Ö ĂïĂčŠ î ǰöĊ Ù üćöđך ö Ē×Ę Ü ìćÜ Ùüćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćøđñßĉ â ÖćøđÝĘ ï
ĂćøöèŤ ǰöĊÙüćööĆęî ĔÝìĊę Ýąđñßĉâ ÖĆï ðŦ â ĀćêŠćÜėǰ ÙøøõŤÙúĂéǰéĆÜîĆĚîó÷ćïćúĒñîÖòćÖÙøøõŤÙüø
øüö ëċ ÜÖ ćøđñ ßĉ â ÖĆ ï Ö ćøđÝĘ ï Ù øøõŤ Ù ú Ă éǰ ðøąđöĉ î Öćøĕéš øĆ ï ÖćøÿîĆ ï ÿîč î ìćÜÿĆ Ü ÙöĒúą
ÿĂéÙúšĂÜÖĆïĒîüÙĉé×ĂÜǰHouse ìĊęÖúŠćüüŠćǰÖćø Ùüćöüĉê ÖÖĆ Ü üú×èąêĆĚ ÜÙøøõŤ ǰđóČę Ă Ĕßš đðŨ î ך Ă öĎ ú
ìĊęïčÙÙúĕéšøĆïÖćøÿîĆï ÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙöéšćîךĂöĎú óČĚ î åćîĔîÖćøÿøš ćÜēðøĒÖøöìĊę ÿŠ Ü đÿøĉ ö ĔĀš Ā âĉ Ü
׊ ćüÿćøǰéš ćîĂćøöèŤ ǰéš ćîüĆê ëč ÿĉę Ü×ĂÜĒøÜÜćîǰ êĆĚÜÙøøõŤĕéšøĆïÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö ĒúąìĊęìĞćĔĀš
ĒúąéšćîÖćøðøąđöĉîđóČęĂĔĀš×šĂöĎúǰìĞćĔĀšïčÙÙúöĊ Āâĉ ÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤúéÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüúǰĂĆîÝąÿŠÜñúêŠĂ
ÙüćööĆę î ĔÝĔî Öćøđñßĉ â ÖĆ ï ðŦ â Ā ć Ēúą ÖćøöĊ Ö ćøøĆ ï øĎš Ù üćöÿćöćøë×ĂÜêîđĂÜĔîÖćø
ÿĂéÙúšĂÜÖĆïñúÖćøýċÖþćìĊęóïüŠć ĀâĉÜêĆĚÜÙøøõŤìĊę đñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂéǰîĞćĕðÿĎŠñúúĆóíŤ×ĂÜÖćø
ĕéšøĆïÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙöÿĎÜ öĊĒîüēîšöìĊęÝąöĊ êĆĚÜÙøøõŤìĊęéĊ
ÙüćööĆęîĔÝÿĎÜêŠĂÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé
ךĂđÿîĂĒîąĔîÖćøìĞćüĉÝĆ÷ÙøĆĚÜ
ךĂđÿîĂĒîąĔîÖćøîĞćñúÖćøüĉÝ÷Ć êŠĂĕð
ĕðĔßš Öćøüĉ ÝĆ ÷ ÙøĆĚ ÜêŠ Ă ĕðÙüøýċ Ö þćøą÷ą÷ćü
ÝćÖÖćøýċ Ö þć óïüŠ ć öĊ ð Ŧ Ý ÝĆ ÷ đóĊ ÷ Ü đóČęĂĀćÙüćöÿĆöóĆîíŤøąĀüŠćÜÿĉęÜìĊęÙćéĀüĆÜÖĆïÿĉęÜìĊę
ðŦÝÝĆ÷ǰÙČĂǰÖćøÿîĆïÿîčîìćÜÿĆÜÙö×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤ đÖĉé×ċĚîÝøĉÜđÖĊę÷üÖĆïÖćøđñßĉâÖćøđÝĘïÙøøõŤÙúĂé
ĒúąÙüćöüĉêÖÖĆÜüú×èąêĆĚÜÙøøõŤǰöĊñúêŠĂÖćøøĆïøĎš
đĂÖÿćøĂšćÜĂĉÜ
(SFHPSZǰ,%
ǰ+BDLTPOǰ4
ǰ,PSTUǰ-
ǰ'SJENBOǰ.ǰ$FTarean versus vaginal delivery: whose
risks? Whose benefits? Am J Perinatol
-
.VSSBZǰ4.
ǰ.D,JOOFZǰ&4ǰ'PVOEBUJPOTǰPGǰNBUFSOBM-OFXCPSOǰOVSTJOHǰth FEǰ/FXǰ:PSLǰ
-JQQJODPUUǰ
-PXEFSNJMLǰ%-
ǰ1FSSZǰ4&ǰ.BUFSOJUZǰOVSTJOH 7th FEǰ4Uǰ-PVJT
ǰ.0ǰ.PTCZǰ
/JMTTPOǰ $
ǰ #POEBTǰ 5
ǰ -VOEHSFOǰ *ǰ 1SFWJPVTǰ CJSUIǰ FYQFSJFODF in women with intense
GFBSǰPGǰDIJMECJSUIǰJ Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs
-
Dick–RFBEǰ(ǰ$IJMECJSUIǰXJUIPVUǰGFBS th FEǰ/FXǰ:PSLǰ)BSQFSǰǰ3PXǰ
(PPENBOǰ1
ǰ.BDLFZǰ.$
ǰ5BWBLPMJǰ"4ǰ'BDUPSTǰSFMBUFEǰUPǰDIJMECJSUIǰTBUJTGBDUJPO J Adv
/VSTǰ
-
1FSNTVQǰ/
ǰ4BXBUQIBOJUǰ8
ǰ%FPJTSFTǰ8ǰ-BCPSǰQBJOǰDPQJOHǰCFIBWJPST
ǰBOEǰTBUJTGBDUJPO
with childbirth experience in primiparous at a hospital under the jurisdiction of Royal
ThBJǰ/BWZǰ3PZBMǰ5IBJǰ/BWZǰ.FEical Journal
- JOǰ5IBJ
#BOEVSBǰ"ǰ4FMG-efficacy: tIFǰFYFSDJTFǰPGǰDPOUSPMǰ/FXǰ:PSLǰ'SFFNBOǰ
-PXFǰ/,ǰ$SJUJDBMǰQSFEJDUPSTǰPGǰTFOTPSZǰBOEǰBGGFDUJWFǰQBJOǰEVSJOHǰGPVSǰQIBTFTǰPGǰMBCPSǰ
JPOG
-
,MPNZPOHǰ 4ǰ 'BDUPSTǰ JOGMVFODJOHǰ BOUFOBUBMǰ DBSFǰ WJTJUǰ BNPOHǰ QSFHOBOUǰ BEPMFTDFOUT
<.BTUFSĴTǰ5IFTJT
ǰ'BDVMUZǰPGǰ/VSTJOH>ǰ#VSBQIBǰ6OJWFSTJUZǰǰ JOǰ5IBJ
4QJFMCFSHFSǰ$%
ǰ(PSTVDIǰ3-
ǰ-VTIFOFǰ3
ǰ7BHHǰ13
ǰ+BDPCTǰ("ǰ.BOVBMǰGPSǰUIFǰTUBUF-trait
anxiety invFOUPSZǰ$"ǰ$POTVMUJOHǰ1TZDIPMPHJTUT
Tachasuksri T, Siriarunrat S, Suppasri P, Suppaseemanont W, Boonnate N, Kwannate
$ǰ$BVTBMǰNPEFMǰGPSǰRVBMJUZǰPGǰǰMJGFǰBNPOHǰpregnant wPNFOǰ5IFǰ4PVUIFSOǰ$PMMFHFǰ
/FUXPSLǰ+PVSOBMǰPGǰ/VSTJOHǰBOEǰ1VCMJDǰ)FBMUIǰ
-ǰ JOǰ5IBJ
5BOHMBLNBOLIPOHǰ ,
ǰ 1FSSJOǰ /"
ǰ -PXFǰ /,ǰ $IJMECJSUIǰ TFMG-efficacy inventory and
childbirth attitudes questionnaire: pTZDIPNFUSJDǰQSPQFSUJFTǰPGǰ5IBJǰMBOHVBHFǰWFSTJPOTǰ
+ǰ"EWǰ/VSTǰ
-
7BOJDICVODIBǰ,ǰ4UBUJTUJDTǰresearch 1th FEǰ#BOHLPLǰ$IVMBMPOHkorn University Book
CFOUSFǰ in Thai)
#PSSFMMJǰ 4&
ǰ 8BMTIǰ %
ǰ 4QIJCZǰ ) First-time mothers' expectations of the unknown
UFSSJUPSZǰ PGǰ DIJMECJSUIǰ 6ODFSUBJOUJFT
ǰ DPQJOHǰ TUSBUFHJFTǰ BOEǰ HPJOHǰ XJUIǰ UIFǰ GMPXǰ
.JEXJGFSZǰǰ"VH-
5PPIJMMǰ+
ǰ+FOOJGFSǰ'
ǰ(BNCMFǰ+
ǰ$SFFEZǰ%,
ǰ#VJTUǰ"
ǰ3ZEJOHǰ&ǰ1TZDIP-social predictors
of childbirth fear in pregnant women: an AuTUSBMJBOǰTUVEZǰ0JOG
-
3FDCFSǰ4
ǰ*TJLTBMǰ.
ǰ,PDǰ:ǰ*OWFTUJHBUJOHǰTFMG-efficacy, anxiety, attitudes and mathematics
BDIJFWFNFOUǰSFHBSEJOHǰHFOEFSǰBOEǰTDIPPMǰUZQFǰ"OBMFTǰEFǰ1TJDPMPHJBǰ
-
/JMTTPOǰ $
ǰ -VOEHSFOǰ *ǰ 8PNFOTǰ MJWFEǰ FYQFSJFODFǰ PGǰ GFBSǰ PGǰ DIJMECJSUIǰ .JEXJGFSZǰ
-
5BINBTTJBOǰ ,
ǰ .PHIBEBNǰ +/ǰ 3FMBUJPOTIJQǰ CFUXFFOǰ TFMG-efficacy and symptoms of
BOYJFUZ
ǰEFQSFTTJPO
ǰXPSSZ
ǰBOEǰTPDJBMǰBWPJEBODFǰJOǰBǰOPSNBMǰTBNQMFǰPGǰTUVEFOUTǰ*SBOǰ
J Psychiatry Behav Sci
-
4UFXBSUǰ (
ǰ 4FJGFSUǰ "5
ǰ 3PMIFJTFSǰ $ǰ "OYJFUZǰ BOEǰ TFMG-efficacy relationship with
undergraduate students’ perceptions of the use of metacoHOJUJWFǰXSJUJOHǰTUSBUFHJFTǰ
Can J Scholarsh 5FBDIǰ-FBSOǰ
-
#BSSPXTǰ+
ǰ%VOOǰ4
ǰ-MPZEǰ"$ǰ"Oxiety, self-FGGJDBDZ
ǰBOEǰDPMMFHFǰFYBNǰHSBEFTǰUnivers J
&EVDǰ3FTǰ
-
3B[BWJǰ"4
ǰ4IBISBCJǰ"
ǰ4JBNJBOǰ)ǰ5IFǰSFMBUJPOTIJQǰCFUXFFOǰSFTFBSDIǰBOYJFty and self-
FGGJDBDZǰ.BUFSǰ4PDJPNFE
-
)PVTFǰ+4ǰ8PSLǰTUSFTTǰBOEǰTPDJBMǰTVQQPSUǰ3Fading, MA: Addison-8FTMFZǰ