Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Business Practices
Facts and Statistics
• Location: Between Finland and Norway in Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea,
Gulf of Bothnia, Kattegat, and Skagerrak.
• Capital: Stockholm.
• Climate: temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers;
subarctic in north.
• Population: 10+ million (2019 est.)
• Ethnic Make-up: indigenous population: Swedes with Finnish and Sami minorities;
foreign-born or first-generation immigrants: Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians,
Greeks, Iranians and Turks.
• Religions: Lutheran 87%, other (includes Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim,
Jewish, and Buddhist) 13%.
• Business Culture: Ranked 8th in the Business Culture Complexity Index™
Language in Sweden
The Family
The family in Sweden is extremely important and as such, the rights of
children are well protected.
• The rights afforded to Swedish families to ensure that they are able to adquately care for
their children are some of the best rights in the world. An overview of these rights is as
follows:
• Either the mother or father is entitled to be absent from work until their child reaches 18
months old.
• Either parent has the right to reduce their workload by 25% until their child reaches 8
years old (and is formally ready for school).
• A parental allowance is paid for 480 days, which is intended for both parents.
• Sixty of these days must be used by the ‘minority’ parents. For this reason, this element of
the allowance is often known as ‘Daddy’s months’.
• You have the right to up to 60 days off per year to care for a sick child.
• A number of people in Sweden however, challenge the degree to which these rights are
truly positive as statistics suggest that women often fall way behind their male colleague
in respect to position in pay.
• Anyone travelling to Sweden will notice the family friendly environment of most
resturants and other such establishments.
• Even trains have a toy and play area!
• Are punctual as it is considered extremely impolite if you are rude. In the same essence, do
not arrive too early. It is not an uncommon event in Sweden for guests to sit in the car until
the last minute or walk around the block until the expected time of arrival has arrived!
• Dress smartly as to otherwise would be considered disrespectful to the hosts.
• You may be shown around the house but do not ask to see the rest of the house as Swedes
are general very private.
• When eating, keep your hands in full view, with your wrists on top of the table.
• The European eating etiquette should be adhered to in respect to knife in the right hand
and fork in the left.
• You may not eat until the host/hostess has said "varsågoda".
• Do not take the last helping from a plate.
• Finish everything on your plate as it is considered rude to leave any food uneaten.
• Do not offer a toast to anyone more senior to you in age.
• When offering a toast then lift your glass and nod at everyone present looking from those
seated on your right to those seated on your left before taking a sip.
• You should then nod again before replacing your glass on the table.
• It is important that you do not discuss business at the table as Swedes try to distinguish
between home and work.
• During formal events, the guest seated on the left of the hostess typically stands to make a
speech during the sweet, to thank her on behalf of the whole group.
• Always write or call to thank the host / hostess within a few days of attending the dinner.
• Men should wear good quality suits with silk ties and shirts.
• Women should wear conservative business dresses or a suit.
• Due to the egalitarian values of Sweden, it is strongly recommended that you do not wear
anything flashy.
• Even senior directors or executives do not dress any more elaborately than average
employees.
• As such, avoid ostentatious or, obvious jewellery.
• Avoid "hard sell" techniques and use direct communication without hyperbole or
superlatives.
• Focus on arriving for meetings punctually and making the most productive use of the
available time.
• Swedish like to get down to the business at hand as swiftly and efficiently as possible.
• They generally say what they think and expect others to do the same.
• The role of the leader is to harness the talent of the group assembled, and develop any
resulting synergies.
• The leader will be deferred to as the final authority in any decisions that are made, but
they do not dominate the discussion or generation of ideas. Praise should be given to the
entire group as well as to individuals.
Approach to Change
Sweden’s intercultural competence and readiness for change is low, meaning that social
change is difficult to bring about and the idea of it is not received with enthusiasm. The
underlying belief is that change may threaten the social fabric.
• Even though they are cautious in business, they are some of the most rapid high-tech
innovators in the world.
• In order for change to take hold, however, it needs to be perceived as good for the group
and be accepted by the group.
• Intercultural sensitivity is needed as Sweden’s attitude toward risk is dramatically
impacted by the negative ramifications of failure on both the individual and the group.
• In Sweden missing a deadline is a sign of poor management and inefficiency, and will shake
people’s confidence.
• People in controlled-time cultures tend to have their time highly scheduled, and it’s
generally a good idea to provide and adhere to performance milestones.
• Effective cross-culture management skill will depend on the individual’s ability to meet
deadlines.
Decision Making
Swedish organizations are relatively flat with few management levels. Matrix
organizations are common and employees often report to more than one manager.
• Swedish management style is based on the premise that all work has value and that
employees come to work wanting to do a good job.
• Swedish managers see themselves as coaches rather than as autocratic rule-makers. They
guide subordinates and pride themselves on being good listeners.
• Subordinates are free to solve unexpected problems without referring the matter to the
manager.
• Status is not very important in Swedish companies. Any employee of a company can
approach the Managing Director.
• Employees downplay their achievements and do not expect to be praised for doing their
jobs well.
• Cross cultural management needs to understand the Swedish fundamental belief in an
egalitarian society. This means they support a participative management style.
• The leader will be deferred to as the final authority in any decisions that are made, but
they do not dominate the discussion or generation of ideas. Praise should be given to the
entire group as well as to individuals.
Communication and Negotiation Styles
Cross cultural communication should be relatively straight forward when dealing with
the Swedish.