CIV413 structural Steel Design

COMPRESSION MEMBERS

Prof. Osama Ahmed Mohamed, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE 1

Use of Part 4 to Determine Design
Strength

Table 4-1
Table 4-22
Effective Length Factor
Commentary to Appendix 7, pg. 16.1-509

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4
EXAMPLES

5
Example 4.5
Example 4.5 solution

See pg. 4-324

Interpolate kL/r =
96.77, between
slenderness ratio of
96 and 97.
Example 4.6 (Design a W-shape)

Address design goals: safety and economy

Example 4.6 solution
Table 4-1

See pg. 4-15

Is there are
lighter W14?
W14 x 145 provides
compression capacity
(able to support) a
load of 1230 kips.

If buckling about
strong axis controls
(i.e. higher effective
length, then it must
adjusted by dividing
KL/(rx/ry)
Example 4.7 Table 4-1
Example 4.7 solution

For effective Pg. 4-22

length = 24 ft
Pg. 4-20

Pg. 4-16
Example 4.7 solution continued
Design of Columns Using Part 16
Specifications

16
Recall Inelastic
buckling

Elastic buckling
17
Weak vs. Strong Axis Buckling

Calculation of Slenderness ratio depends on column

unsupported length

Weak axis is the one with the smallest moment of

inertia. Columns supported at the ends only will
buckle about the weak axis (y-axis)

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 When Weak Axis is Supported: Buckling Mode 1

Buckling about Weak Axis

L
Supporting the
weak axis

Slenderness ratio:
Buckling(movement)

KL parallel to flange and

perpendicular to web
L
ry
19
 When Weak Axis is Supported: Buckling Mode 2

Buckling about Strong Axis

L
L Supporting the
weak axis

Slenderness ratio:
Buckling parallel
to web and
KL perpendicular to
flange

rx
20
Example 4.9

Use Table 4-22

Weak axis
support
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Example 4.9 solution
Use Table 4-22

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23
Example 4.10

Use AISC Table 4-1

When there is
intermediate
support, we check
strength for
buckling about x-
axis and y-axis
24
Example 4.10 solution

Use AISC Table 4-1

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This section is safe, is it economic?

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Example 4.10 solution continued

• W10 x 49 is not adequate since the strength is

definitely less than 560 kips (next slide for values).
• A W10x54 is lightest W10 that can provide capacity of
594 kips (> 560 kips) 27
28
29
Example 4.10 solution continued

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Effective Length Factor “K”
When the column is part of a frame

© 2013 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved. 31

 Stiffness of structural
member

Two values of the stiffness

coefficient G are calculated, one
at the top and another at the
bottom

© 2013 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved. 32

G = 10 for pinned-support
G = 1.0 for fixed-support

Two values of the stiffness

coefficient G are calculated,
one at the top and another at
the bottom

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Example 4.12

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Example 4.12 solution

35
Example 4.12 solution continued

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Example 4.12 solution continued

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Example 4.13

Stiffness reduction is considered when the

column buckles inelasticly

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Example 4.13 solution

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Example 4.14

Lateral force resisting

frame

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Example 4.14 solution

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Example 4.14 solution continued

Boundary slenderness ratio

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Example 4.14 solution continued

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Example 4.14 solution continued

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