DIRECT/INDIRECT SPEECH

RAPPEL
 Il s’emploie pour rapporter les paroles de quelqu’un. On l’emploie
avec les verbes d’énonciation les plus courants. SEULS les verbes
d’énonciation peuvent être utilisés au discours indirect.

 Le passage du discours direct au discours indirect peut entrainer

la modification de plusieurs éléments de la phrase rapportée:
 Le sujet de la phrase
 Les mots se rapportant au sujet (possessifs etc.)
 Le temps du verbe
 Les indicateurs du temps et de lieu

Ex: “I love flowers” => She said that she loved flowers
 A. Verbes introductifs
 Verbes d’énonciation:
Say, tell, declare, ask, wonder, answer, reply, whisper, cry, suggest, order
etc.

 Si le verbe introductif est au PRESENT: PAS DE MODIFICATION DU TEMPS

 Si le verbe introductif est au PASSE: MODIFICATION DU TEMPS

 ATTENTION à l’utilisation du verbe TELL et SAY!!

 To say something to someone:

EX: I say a story to you
 To tell someone something:
EX: I tell you a story
 To tell someone that…:
EX: I told him that you were at school
 To tell someone to do something:
EX: I told you to take an umbrella with you.
 B. Modification de temps
Lorsque le verbe introductif est au PRESENT:
DIRECT SPEECH
PRESENT SIMPLE/PRESENT CONTINUOUS
“I work hard”/ “I am working hard”
PAST SIMPLE/PAST CONTINUOUS
“I worked hard ”/ “I was working hard”
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE/ PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
“I have worked hard”/ “I have been working hard”
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE/ PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
“I had worked hard”/ “I had been working hard”
FUTUR SIMPLE/ FUTUR CONTINUOUS
“I will work hard”/ “I will be working hard”
IMPERATIF
“Work hard!”
MODAL VERBS
CAN
WILL/SHALL
INDIRECT SPEECH
PRESENT SIMPLE/PRESENT CONTINUOUS
She says that she works/she is working hard
PAST SIMPLE/PAST CONTINUOUS
She says that she worked/ she was working hard
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE/ PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
She says that she has worked/ she has been working
hard
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE/ PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
She says that she had worked/ she had been working
hard
FUTUR SIMPLE/ FUTUR CONTINUOUS
She says that she will work/she will be working hard
INFINITIF
She orders me to work hard
MODAL VERBS
CAN
WILL/SHALL
 B. Modification de temps
Lorsque le verbe introductif est au PASSE:
DIRECT SPEECH INDiRECT SPEECH
PRESENT SIMPLE/PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST SIMPLE/PAST CONTINUOUS
“I work hard”/ “I am working hard” She said that she worked/she was working hard

PAST SIMPLE/PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT SIMPLE/PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

“I worked hard ”/ “I was working hard” She said that she had worked/ she had been working
hard
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE/ PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT SIMPLE/PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
CONTINUOUS She said that she had worked/ she had been working
“I have worked hard”/ “I have been working hard” hard
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE/ PAST PERFECT PAST PERFECT SIMPLE/PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
CONTINUOUS She said that she had worked/ she had been working
“I had worked hard”/ “I had been working hard” hard
FUTUR SIMPLE/ FUTUR CONTINUOUS FUTUR SIMPLE/ FUTUR CONTINUOUS IN THE PAST
“I will work hard”/ “I will be working hard” She said that she would work/she would be working
hard
IMPERATIF INFINITIF
“Work hard!” She ordered me to work hard
MODAL VERBS MODAL VERBS IN THE PAST
CAN COULD
WILL/SHALL WOULD/SHOULD
MAY MIGHT
 C. Indicateurs du temps/lieux
Ce tableau n’est pas exhaustif mais il y a les principaux changements

DIRECT SPEECH INDERCT SPEECH

Today That day

Now Then/at the time

This week/month/year That week/month/year

Yesterday The day before
Tomorrow The day after
Next week/month/year The following week/month/year
Here there

This book/country That book/country

Ago Before/earlier
 Exercises
• Réécrire au style Indirect.

1- “I am visiting some friends next weekend”, he said.

He said that ....................................................................................................
2- “The rain will stop tomorrow”, the weatherman said.
The weatherman said that ............................................................................
3- “Once the meeting had ended, we all went to the pub”, he told me.
He told me that ..............................................................................................
4- “We have been skiing and skating all the time”, they wrote to us.
They wrote to us that ........................................................................................
5- “Here is a good opportunity to tell him what you really think of his decision”, she
told her sister.
She told her sister that .....................................................................................
6- “There must have been a misunderstanding. My husband can’t have ordered these
two beds. It’s absurd!”, she told the salesman.
She told the salesman that ...........................................................................................
7- “They built this bridge in the 13th century”, she said.
She said that ...............................................................................................................