Passive Voice

The passive forms of a verb are created by combining a form of the "to be verb" with the past
participle of the main verb.

Secara umum, susunan kalimat pasif adalah :

S + To Be + V3

Namun, bentuk waktu "to be" tersebut harus disesuaikan dengan tensesnya, perhatikan tabel
berikut :
TENSES AKTIF PASIF
Present S + V1 S + to be 1 + V3
He washes it. It is washed.
Past S + V2 S + to be 2 + V3
Simple He washed it. It was washed.
Future S + will + V1 S + will be + V3
He will wash it. It will be washed.
Past Future

S + would + V1
He would wash it.
S + would be + V3
It would be washed.

TENSES AKTIF PASIF

Present S + to be 1 + V-ing S + To Be 1 + being + V3
He is washing it. It is being washed.
Past S + had + V3 S + had been + V3
Continuous He had washed it. It had been washed.
Future S + will have + V3 S + will + being + V3
He will have washed it. It will be being washed.
Past S + would + be + V-ing S + would be being + V3
Future He would be washing it. It would be being washed.
 Present S +has/have + V3 S + has/have been + V3
He has washed it. It has been washed.
TENSES
Past S + hadAKTIF
+ V3 S + had PASIF
been + V3
Perfect Present SHe
+ has
had been + V-ing
washed it. SIt+had
has been
been washed.
being + V3
Simple Future He
S +has
willbeen
havewashing
+ V3 it. ItShas beenhave
+ will being washed.
been + V3
Past SHe
+ had
will been
have +washed
V-ing it. SIt+will
had have
been been
beingwashed.
+ V3
Past He
S + would + have + it.
had been washig V3 ItShad been being washed.
+ would have been +
Perfect Future
Future SHe
+ will
would have
havebeen + V-
washed. SV3+ will have been being
Continuous ing +ItV3would have been
He will have been Itwashed.
will have been being
washing it. washed.
Past Future S + would have been + S + would have been
V-ing being + V3
He would have been It would have been being
washing it. washed.

Jika kita ingin mengubah kalimat aktif menjadi kalimat pasif, kita dapat melakukannya dengan
mengubah objek kalimat aktifnya menjadi subjek kalimat pasif.

AKTIF = S + V + O
              /
             /
            /
      PASIF =  S + To Be + V3

Ket : Objek pada kalimat aktif akan berubah menjadi subjek pada kalimat pasif.

Contoh 1 :
Aktif :
- Julie writes a letter to her friend.
  (Julie menulis sebuah surat untuk temannya.)

Pasif :
- A letter to her friend is written by Julie.
  (Sebuah surat untuk temannya ditulis oleh Julie.)

Contoh 2 :
Aktif :
- The postman will send the letters today.
  (Pak Pos akan mengirim surat-surat hari ini.)
Pasif :
- The letters will be sent by the postman today.
  (Surat-surat akan dikirim oleh Pak Pos hari ini.)