Present Simple S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by +
1 S + V1-s/es + O Tense O Present S + to be (am, are, is) + V1- S + to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 2 Continuous Tense ing + O + by + O Present Perfect 3 S + has/have + V3 + O S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O Tense Present Perfect S + have/has + been + V1-ing S + have/has + been + being + V3 + 4 Continuous Tense +O by + O S + to be (was, were) + V3 + by + 5 Past Simple Tense S + V2 + O O Past Continuous S + to be (was, were) + V1-ing S + to be (was, were) + being + V3 6 Tense +O + by + O 7 Past Perfect Tense S + had + V3 + O S + had + been + V3 + by + O Past Perfect S + had + been + being + V3 + by + 8 S + had + been + V1-ing + O Continuous Tense O 9 Future Tense S + will/ shall + V1 + O S + will/ shall+be + V3 + by + O Future S + will/ shall + be + V1-ing + S + will/ shall + be + being + V3 + 10 Continuous Tense O by + O Future Perfect S + will/ shall + have + V3 + S + will/ shall + have + been + V3 + 11 Tense O by + O Future Perfect S + will/ shall + have + been S + will/ shall + have + been 12 Continuous Tense + V1-ing + O +being+ V3 +by+ O 13 Modals S+can/may/must+V1 S+can/may/must+be+V3