Easter College Incorporated

Senior High School Department

Easter School Road, Baguio City

A.Y. 2022-2023
FIRST SEMESTER - Second Quarter

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Module 6
Chapter 6: Reporting and Sharing Findings

Prepared by:
Jemaimae Gayle H. Parrocha
SHS Faculty

THIS MATERIAL IS FOR EASTER COLLEGE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS ONLY.
No part of this material may be reproduced in any form or by any means or otherwise without prior written permission of
the author.

Course Outline
Practical Research 2
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 Grade 12 1st Semester

FIRST QUARTER SECOND QUARTER

Chapter 1: Nature & Inquiry of Research

A. characteristics, strengths, Chapter 5: Finding Answers through Data
weaknesses & kinds of quantitative Collection
research A. data collection procedures and skills
B. importance of quantitative research using varied instruments
across fields B. data processing, organizing, and
C. nature of variables analysis

Chapter 2: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Chapter 6: Reporting and Sharing Findings
Problem A. guidelines in making conclusions and
A. range of research topics in the area recommendations
of inquiry B. the techniques in listing references
B. value of research in the area of C. the process of report writing
interest A.
C. specificity and feasibility of the es in
problem posed making
conclusion
Chapter 3: Learning from Others and
Reviewing the Literature
A. criteria in selecting, citing, and
synthesizing related literature  Above is the flow of our topic from
B. ethical standards in writing related beginning to end of the semester. You
literature
C. formulation of conceptual may do some advance reading about
framework them.
D. definition of terms as used in the
Study
 Please only submit the activity sheets.
Chapter 4: Understanding Data and Ways to
Systematically Collect Data
A. quantitative research designs If you encounter any difficulty in
B. description of sample
C. instrument development answering the tasks in this module,
D. description of intervention data please do not hesitate to consult
collection and analysis procedures
such as survey, interview, and your teacher
observation
E. guidelines in writing research
methodology

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 Module 6

I. Subject Title: Practical Research 2

II. Schedule of the Subject: 2nd Quarter

III. Subject Description: This course develops critical thinking and

problem-solving skills through quantitative
research.

IV. Content/Performance Standard: The learner is able to decide on suitable

quantitative research in different areas of interest.

V. Objectives: The learner is able to:

A. guidelines in making conclusions and
recommendations
B. the techniques in listing references
C. the process of report writing
VI. Time Frame:

VII. Learning Experience

ENGAGE
DRAWING CONLUSIONS

A conclusion is like the final chord in a song. It is the section in a research report where the
researcher finds a chance of leaving a lasting impression.

It usually includes a comprehensive summary of the findings. The key points are highlighted
briefly based on the analysis or results of the study. Important implications applied to practice are
specifically noted.

Furthermore, the conclusion points out to what were factually learned from the inquiry. This section
elucidates o drawing and writing the conclusion of the research paper. You have to state your conclusion
in clear, simple language.

No new information should be added to the conclusion. It is in the conclusion where you describe
the value of your research.

Characteristics of Conclusions

1. Conclusions are references, deductions, abstractions, implications, interpretations, general

statements and/or generalizations based upon findings.

2. Conclusions should appropriately answer the specific questions raised at the beginning of the
investigation in the order they are given under the statement of the problem.

3. Conclusion should point out what were factually learned from the inquiry.

Purposes of a Conclusion:
Conclusion does the following:
1. Stress the importance of thesis statement.
2. Give the written work a sense of completeness
3. Leave a final impression on the reader
4. Demonstrates a good organization
Strategies in Writing Conclusions

 Echoing your introduction, or simply reiterate or link ideas expressed in the other sections of research.

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  Conclusion should be formulated concisely that is, brief and short, yet they convey all necessary
information resulting from the investigation.

 A conclusion must state generalization based on the findings.

 Observe “one finding: one conclusion.” Match the findings with the conclusions. Use numbers in
the format.

 Flexibility may be considered in making conclusions on a one-to-one correspondence with the

specific problems and the findings as some or all variable can be subsumed in one paragraph.

Echoing your introduction, or simply

reiterate or link ideas expressed in the
other sections of research.
• Conclusion should be formulated
concisely that is, brief and short, yet
they
convey all necessary information
resulting from the investigation.
• A conclusion must state
generalization based on the findings.
• Observe “one finding: one
conclusion.” Match the findings with
the
conclusions. Use numbers in the format.
• Flexibility may be considered in
making conclusions on a one-to-one

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correspondence with the specific
problems and the findings as some
or all
variable can be subsumed in one
paragraph.
The process of drawing conclusions
begin as early you code your data. As
you review and code your data, begin to
form ideas about the important
phenomena they indicate as well
generate the propositions about them
and the relationships among them. Once
the data are coded, you will look
over the propositions to write your
conclusions.
The process of drawing conclusions begin as early you code your data. As you review and code your
data, begin to form ideas about the important phenomena they indicate as well generate the propositions about
them and the relationships among them. Once the data are coded, you will look over the propositions to write
your conclusions.

In drawing and verifying conclusions

from qualitative data among the
most useful in the analysis are:
In drawing and verifying conclusions from qualitative data among the most useful in the analysis
are:

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  Noting patterns and theme. These are recurring themes which put together many separate pieces
of data. The data may be grouped together according to theme. It however happen that
evidence, may be applicable to one or more themes.

 Making contrasts and comparisons. Comparison is a classic way to test a conclusion. The
responses gathered form the parents, students, teachers and other groups can be compared and
contrasted so that the differences can be noted. When conflicting information comes up, then
you can refer to the sources of the different data.

 Clustering. The process refers to the grouping of data, then conceptualizing information that has
similar patterns or characteristics. It is called categorizing because the steps must be taken to
ensure that other information are considered or included.

 Counting. Qualitative research is basically descriptive and goes beyond how much something to
describe the subject or topic under investigation. However, the number of time something occurs
or is reported tells something about how important or how significant an item is.

 Avoid using phrases like “in conclusion”, “in summary” and “in closing”. The se expressions can
be useful and welcome in oral presentations.

EXPLORE

FORMULATING RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON CONCLUSIONS

Why write a recommendation?

The reader is looking for insightful

comments to demonstrate that you have
been engaged with your research, that
you understand your findings and that
you gained knowledge form the
experience of conducting your research.
The reader is looking for insightful comments to demonstrate that you have been engaged with your
research, that you understand your findings and that you gained knowledge form the experience of conducting
your research.

How to write recommendations

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 Brief- write concisely; any reasons
for recommendation should only be
given
if necessary.
• Clear- do not ambiguous as to how
the recommendation will be
implemented
• Precise- vague recommendations
usually result from insufficient
research
analysis.
• They must be logical by making
sure that they flow sensibly from the
conclusion
• It is also important to consider
the different levels within your set of
recommendations such as a) for
academic, b) for the policymakers, c)
for
practitioners, and d) for the
training/education.
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• Point out direction/s for future
investigation
• Cite also a recommendation that can
help your field of study, or strand.
 Brief- write concisely; any reasons for recommendation should only be given if necessary.

 Clear- do not ambiguous as to how the recommendation will be implemented

 Precise- vague recommendations usually result from insufficient research analysis.

 They must be logical by making sure that they flow sensibly from the conclusion

 It is also important to consider the different levels within your set of recommendations such as
a) for academic, b) for the policymakers, c) for practitioners, and d) for the training/education.

 Point out direction/s for future investigation

 Cite also a recommendation that can help your field of study, or strand.

EXAMPLE

Summary

The qualitative study, which made use of the case study design focuses on the reasons of students dropping
out from school and the corresponding experiences after leaving school. It utilized the interview, method to
gather relevant data from respondents who dropped out from school. The students were selected using the
snow ball technique. It followed Collazi’s Method and applied Cool and Warm Analyses to bring out the
relevant themes. A synthesizing diagram was crafted to this effect.

Findings

The following are salient findings of the study:

1. The period of dropping out was during Transition Period (Elementary- High School) or Duration of High
School.
2. The reasons for dropping out are Personal-Familial Issues, Socio-Economic Issues and School-Related
Issues.
3. The drop-out students suffers from unfavorable conditions as a result of their decision.

Conclusion
There are three interdependent
reasons why students drop out:
Personal-

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Familial Issues, Socio-Economic Issues,
and School-related Issues. Students
who dropped out experience
unfavourable conditions which lead
them to
regret their decisions of leaving school.
Conclusion

There are three interdependent reasons why students drop out: Personal-Familial Issues, Socio-Economic
Issues, and School-related Issues. Students who dropped out experience unfavorable conditions which lead
them to regret their decisions of leaving school.

Recommendations

The researchers recommend the following:

1. The results of the study should be studied by the schools of Pangasinan Division II as basis for
formulating an action plan or an intervention mechanism.

2. Guidance Counselors should focus on the cases of these drop-out students by giving orientation to students
beginning in Grade 7 and should continue throughout the high school years.

3. Parents and even teachers should motivate more the students to keep on going to school and finish it

4. Parents should improve their parental support to their children.

5. The school should intensify the conduct of anti-bullying programs

6. Scholarships and allowances should be provided to those who cannot afford to go to school.

7. School s should orient the students about early pregnancy.

8. Guidance Counselors and teachers should coordinate in helping the students understand better their situations

9. Schools should revisit policies on inclusive education.

EXPLAIN
TECHNIQUES IN LISTING REFERENCES

Part of the responsibilities of a good researcher is to recognize or cite all the resources print or non-print at
the resource page. American Psychological Association (APA) and Modern Language Association (MLA)
are just two of the well-known methods of citation.

Resource Page: APA and MLA Styles

APA stands for American Psychological Society and MLA stands for Modern Language Association.
These two methods of citation are the ones more frequently used by educational institutions in the

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country. Below is a table showing the similarities and differences in formatting the APA reference list and MLA
works cited.

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11
 ELABORATE

Example of a Resource Page: APA STYLE

References
Anderson, J. (2003, October)
Superego. Journal of Psychology, 41.
Retrieved
November 10, 2003, from EBS cohost.
Binns, T. B. (2001). The bald eagle.
Chicago, Il: Rourke Publishers.
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Donaldson, S. (1995). Protecting the
troops from hemingway: an episode
in
censorship. The Hemingway Review,
15, 87–93.
Gibaldi, J. (2003) MLA handbook for
writers of research papers. 6th ed. New
York:
MLA.
Gordin, M. D. (2012). The
pseudoscience wars: Immanuel
Velikovsky and the birth
of the modern fringe. Chicago, IL:
University of Chicago Press.
Green, J. (2007, September). The Rove
presidency. The Atlantic.com. Retrieved
from
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/
archive/2007/ 09/therove-
presidency/6132/.

13
Klaphake, E. (1999). My life as an
English professor. Bellevue, Nebraska:
Bellevue
University Press.
Marcuse, S. (1975). A survey of musical
instruments. New York: Harper and
Row.
Shafron, G. R., & Karno, M. P. (2013).
Heavy metal music and emotional
dysphoria
among listeners. Psychology of
Popular Media Culture, 2, 74–85.
doi:10.1037/a0031722
References
Anderson, J. (2003, October)
Superego. Journal of Psychology, 41.
Retrieved
November 10, 2003, from EBS cohost.
Binns, T. B. (2001). The bald eagle.
Chicago, Il: Rourke Publishers.

14
Donaldson, S. (1995). Protecting the
troops from hemingway: an episode
in
censorship. The Hemingway Review,
15, 87–93.
Gibaldi, J. (2003) MLA handbook for
writers of research papers. 6th ed. New
York:
MLA.
Gordin, M. D. (2012). The
pseudoscience wars: Immanuel
Velikovsky and the birth
of the modern fringe. Chicago, IL:
University of Chicago Press.
Green, J. (2007, September). The Rove
presidency. The Atlantic.com. Retrieved
from
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/
archive/2007/ 09/therove-
presidency/6132/.

15
Klaphake, E. (1999). My life as an
English professor. Bellevue, Nebraska:
Bellevue
University Press.
Marcuse, S. (1975). A survey of musical
instruments. New York: Harper and
Row.
Shafron, G. R., & Karno, M. P. (2013).
Heavy metal music and emotional
dysphoria
among listeners. Psychology of
Popular Media Culture, 2, 74–85.
doi:10.1037/a0031722
References

Anderson, J. (2003, October) Superego. Journal of Psychology, 41. Retrieved

November 10, 2003, from EBS cohost.

Donaldson, S. (1995). Protecting the troops from hemingway: an episode in

censorship. The Hemingway Review, 15, 87–93.

Shafron, G. R., & Karno, M. P. (2013). Heavy metal music and emotional dysphoria
among listeners. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 2, 74–85.
doi:10.1037/a0031722

Example of a Resource Page: MLA STYLE

Works Cited

Anderson, John. "Superego." Journal of Psychology October 2003: 41. Academic

Search Elite.EBSCO host. MSB Brooklyn Center Campus Library, Brooklyn
Center, MN. 10 November 2003.

Binns, Tristan Boyer. The Bald Eagle. Chicago: Rourke, 2001. Print.
Donaldson, Scott. "Protecting the Troops from Hemingway: An Episode in
Censorship." The Hemingway Review 15 (1995): 87– 93.

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 Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 6th ed. New York:
MLA, 2003.

The Process of Writing a Research Report

A research report is an example of an informational text. This type of text is

written in a specific format designed to be direct to the point. It is a written
document or oral presentation based on a written document that communicates
the purpose, scope, objective(s), hypotheses, methodology, findings, limitations
and finally, recommendations of a research project to others.

Here is an outline that you can follow for your presentation.

• What is your problem?

• What is your research design/methodology?
• Present your discussion of results and findings.
• State your conclusions and present your recommendations.

Characteristics of a Research Report

1. Use of easy-to-understand words

2. Good organization
3. Comprehensive
4. Direct to the point.
5. The paper is thoroughly proofread.

Outline of chapters and sections

(Institutional format)

TITLE PAGE
ENDORSEMENT
APPROVAL SHEET
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
DEDICATION
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I- Introduction
Background of the Study
Statement of the Problem
CHAPTER II- Review of Related Literature
CHAPTER III- Methodology
Research Design
Sources of Data
Locale and Population of the Study
Instrumentation and Data Collection
Tools for Data Analysis
Ethical Considerations
CHAPTER IV- Analysis
Results and Discussion
CHAPTER V- Conclusion and Recommendation
Summary
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 Findings
Conclusions
Recommendations

REFERENCES
Bibliography
Appendices
Curriculum Vitae

EVALUATE – Page 12

VIII. Assessment – (WILL BE YOUR RESEARCH PROPOSAL 50 PTS.)

References

Luzano, R.A., Napone, M.D.P., Okit, K.C.L, & Bañares, M.E.C. (2020) Practical Research 2: Module 7 Q4-2
Reporting and Sharing the Findings

Prepared by:

Jemaimae Gayle H. Parrocha

Subject Teacher

Noted by:

Rovelyn L. Bato
OIC, Senior High School Principal

Easter College Incorporated

Senior High School Department
Easter School Road, Baguio City

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Please detach.
Name: Section:

A. Analyze the figure below and state at least 2 observations on the space provided.

Table 1: Distribution of Covid-19 cases in the Philippines by age and gender

Observation 1:
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Observation 2:
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Based on your observations in the figure entitled Distribution of Covid-19 cases in the Philippines by
age and gender, write your own conclusion and recommendations. Use the space provided below or use
a whole sheet of pad paper.

Conclusions:
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

Recommendations:
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

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