Grade

12
Self-Learning Module in Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion
Lesson: Identifying the Problem and Asking the Questions
Quarter: 3 Week: 3 Day and Time: See Class program

Learning Competencies:
After this module, you are expected to:
• identify the following parts of a research paper:
✓ statement of the problem
✓ research hypothesis (for quantitative research)
✓ significance of the study
✓ scope and delimitation of the study
✓ definition of terms
• describe the importance of each part of the research paper; and
• formulate clearly the statement of the problem.

Learning Tasks:
A. Study Notebook (self-checking)
✓ What I Know, pp.1-2
✓ What I Have Learned, pp. 6-7
B. Worksheet, p.8 (to be submitted)

I. INTRODUCTION
In the previous module, you have learned that choosing a research topic needs a lot of
consideration and thinking. Not only that research should be focused and well-defined, but it
should also be well-timed and contributive to a field or discipline. In accordance to the
guidelines and steps discussed, you were able to determine your topic to be investigated. Now
that you have a research problem in mind, this module will harness you on how to write the
basic parts of a research paper.

II. WHAT I KNOW?

Directions: Identify the basic parts of a research paper described in each

statement. Choose your answers from the word bank below and write them on
your notebook.

Introduction Significance of the Study Conceptual Framework

Scope and Delimitation Definition of Terms Statement of the Problem
Hypothesis

This part…
1. serves as the plan or the blueprint of the study.
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2. includes definitions of words operationally used in the study.
3. serves as an overview of the research topic under investigation.
4. sets the parameters of the study which narrow down the scope of inquiry.
5. states the concrete terms that a researcher expects to happen in the study.
6. cites the benefits certain groups of persons will get from the outcome of the study.
7. clearly expresses the specific direction or focus of the research problem or inquiry.
8. elaborates the origin of the research problem which led to the conduct of the study.
9. covers the general statement of the problem as well as the specific research questions to be
answered in the study.
10. gives the concepts to be covered in the study as well as its boundaries in terms of the
respondents/participants, sampling technique, locale and the research methods to be used.

III. DISCUSSION OF CONCEPTS

Statement of the Problem. The next part to be accomplished is the statement of the problem.
Aside from being a tool in solving dilemmas in the society, another purpose of research is to
guide people towards a better understanding of phenomena, human behavior, human
interactions and other events in daily life. This premise indicates the importance of
meticulously crafting of the research questions as it sets the focus and drives the course of the
study. The statement of the problem has two parts:
1. General statement of the problem/Objective
2. Specific research questions
➢ How to formulate general statement of the problem
The purpose of this ethnographic study (type of study) is to describe (exploratory and
non- directional verb) the training (central phenomenon of the study) of Aeta teachers from
Castillejos, Zambales (participants) for the past ten years (when) to provide insights into the
formulation of a continuing education model for indigenous teachers (purpose). (Creswell and
Clark, 2014)

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Hypothesis. A hypothesis is a preconceived idea, assumed to be true and is tested for its truth
or falsity. It has two types: the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis. The null hypothesis
indicates that there is no significant difference or relationship between specified populations or
variables. Significant difference is used when testing whether there is difference between the
means of two or more populations or variables while significant relationship is used in
situations where one is examining the association between any two sets of variables
(King’oriah, 2004).
Null hypothesis is the hypothesis the researcher will try to disprove or discredit. An
alternative hypothesis, on the other hand, is one that states that there is a significant difference
or relationship between specified populations or variables.

Note that not all studies test hypothesis. Sometimes a study is designed to be exploratory.
Exploratory research intends to investigate a problem that is not clearly defined; hence will not
provide conclusive results.

Significance of the Study. The significance of the study pinpoints the benefits certain groups
of people will gain from the findings of the study. It must start from the most to the least
benefitted ones.

Example of Significance of the Study

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Scope and Delimitations of the Study. This part states the coverage of the study. It must
answer the following parameters as much as possible:

Example of Scope and Delimitations of the Study

Title: Impact of Farm-to-Market Road Projects in Pola, Oriental Mindoro

Definition of Terms. Definition of Terms lists down and defines the key terms as used in the
study in alphabetical order. An operational definition refers to a specific definition of concept
in a research study. This is necessary because it will clarify the purpose and direction of the
study.

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 IV. ASSESSMENT

Directions: Read the statements carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.
Write your answers on your notebook.

1. This refers to a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.

a. conceptual framework c. statement of the problem
b. significance of the study d. hypothesis
2. This is a structure that best explains the development of a study.
a. background of the study c. statement of the problem
b. conceptual framework d. hypothesis
3. This is an important part of a research paper where the key or important terms in the study
are clearly defined.
a. conceptual framework c. statement of the problem
b. significance of the study d. definition of terms
4. This provides context to the information that you are discussing in your paper. It introduces
your readers to the topic of your research.
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 a. background of the study c. statement of the problem
b. definition of terms d. hypothesis
5. This part explains the extent to which the research area will be explored in the work and
specifies the parameters within which the study will be operating.
a. significance of the study c. statement of the problem
b. definition of terms d. scope and delimitation

KEY TO CORRECTIONS

What I Know?
1.Conceptual Framework
2. Definition of Terms
3.Introduction
4.Scope and Delimitation
5.Hypothesis
6.Significance of the Study
7.Statement of the Problem
8.Introduction
9.Statement of the Problem
10.Scope and Delimitation

Assessment
1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D

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 ROSALES NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR DEPARTMENT
Don Antonio Village, Rosales, Pangasinan

WORKSHEET
Name: Inquiries, Investigations and
Subject:
Grade/Section: Immersion
Subj. Teacher: Week: 3

I. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT

Test/Activity Score
A. What I Know, pp.1-2
B. Assessment, pp. 6-7

II. SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

I. Modified True or False. Write TRUE if the statement is correct but if it is false,
change the underline word or group of words to make the whole statement true.

_____________ 1. The research topic consists of the general purpose of the study which
is usually patterned from the research title.
_____________ 2. Beneficiaries of the study include those experts concerned about the
problem, the administrators or policy-makers, the subject themselves, future
researchers and those who are directly or indirectly affected by the problem.
_____________ 3. The scope describes the coverage of the study.
_____________ 4. Scope is done by citing factors or variables that are not to be included
and the boundary in terms of time frame, number of subjects, participants or
respondents who are excluded.
_____________ 5. The general problem is then broken down to specific problems or sub-
problems in order to be researchable units.
_____________ 6. The research objective specifies who will benefit out of the findings of
the study.
_____________ 7. For a good background of the study, the researcher can state the
antecedents of the reasons why this topic is proposed relative to previous studies.
_____________ 8. The research topic contains (1) the major (general or main) problem,
and (2) the minor (specific) problems or sub-problems.
_____________ 9. The scope and delimitation of the study discusses the parameters of the
research in paragraph.
_____________ 10. The Significance of the Study includes information which would
focus attention on the importance and validity of the problem.

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 II. Performance Task (one output per group)

1. Based on your research title, develop a general statement of the problem.

2. Develop at least two specific research questions that correspond to your general statement
of the problem.

Research Questions:
1.

2.

3. Significance of the Study. Identify at least four beneficiaries of your research and specify
the benefits they can get.

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4. Scope and Delimitation Answer the following questions below to set the parameters of your
study.

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