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Heir apparent
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An heir apparent,[note 1] often shortened to heir, is a Part of the Politics series
person who is first in an order of succession and cannot
Donate Monarchy
be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another
Contribute
person;[note 2] a person who is first in the order of
Help succession but can be displaced by the birth of a more
Learn to edit
eligible heir is known as heir presumptive .
Community portal
Recent changes Today these terms most commonly describe heirs to Central concepts
Monarch · Monarchism · Divine right of kings ·
Upload file hereditary titles (e.g. titles of nobility) or offices,
Mandate of Heaven · Royal prerogative
especially when only inheritable by a single person. Most
Tools Types
monarchies refer to the heir apparent of their thrones with
Absolute · Chinese Legalist · Composite ·
What links here
the descriptive term of crown prince or crown princess, Constitutional · Crowned republic · Diarchy · Dual
Related changes
but they may also be accorded with a more specific · Elective · Emirate · Ethnarch · Federal ·
Special pages
Hereditary · Non-sovereign · Pentarchy ·
Permanent link substantive title :[note 3] such as Prince of Orange in the
Personal union · Popular · Regency
(Coregency )
Page information Netherlands, Duke of Brabant in Belgium, Prince of · Signoria · Tetrarch · Triarchy · Universal
Cite this page Asturias in Spain (also granted to heirs presumptive), or
Philosophers
Wikidata item the Prince of Wales in the United Kingdom; former titles Aquinas · Dante · Bodin · Bellarmine · Filmer ·
include Dauphin in the Kingdom of France, and Hobbes · Bossuet · Maistre · Chateaubriand ·
Print/export
Balzac · Crétineau-Joly · Gogol · Balmes ·
Tsesarevich in Imperial Russia .
Download as PDF Kierkegaard · Youwei · Maurras · Seca ·
The term is also used metaphorically to indicate an Kuehnelt-Leddihn · Bogdanor · Scruton · Hoppe
In other projects expected successor to any position of power, e.g. a Politicians
Wikimedia Commons political or corporate leader. Mazarin · Pius VI · Ruffo · Consalvi · Plessis ·
Villèle · Polignac · Decazes · Cortés · Castillo ·
Languages This article primarily describes the term heir apparent in Bismarck · Mella · Churchill · Renouvin ·
a hereditary system regulated by laws of Zhirinovsky · Popescu-Tăriceanu · Zourabichvili
‫العربية‬
Čeština primogeniture —it may be less applicable to cases where History
Dansk a monarch has a say in naming the heir (performed either Birth of the Roman Empire
Magna Carta
Deutsch while alive, e.g. crowning the heir as a rex iunior, or Foundation of the Ottoman Empire
Español
through the monarch's will). Glorious Revolution · French Revolution
‫فارسی‬
Trienio Liberal · First French Empire
Français Contents [hide] Liberal Wars · Second French Empire
한국어 Unification of Italy · Meiji Restoration
1 Heir apparent versus heir presumptive
Bahasa Indonesia Austro-Hungarian Compromise
1.1 Daughters in male-preference primogeniture German unification
Italiano
Bahasa Melayu 1.2 Women as heirs apparent 5 October 1910 Revolution
မြန်မာဘာသာ 2 Displacement of heirs apparent Proclamation of the Republic in Brazil
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heir_apparent[13/10/2022 06:02:33]
2.1 People who lost heir apparent status Chinese Revolution · Russian Revolution
日本語
Siamese revolution of 1932
Polski 2.2 Breaching legal qualification of heirs
Birth of the Italian Republic
Português apparent Spanish transition to democracy
Русский 3 Current heirs apparent Iranian Revolution · Modern Cambodia
Simple English 4 Heirs apparent who never inherited the throne Nepalese Civil War
Slovenščina 4.1 Heirs apparent who predeceased the Polity
‫کوردی‬ monarch Aristocracy · Autocracy · Oligarchy
Srpskohrvatski /
српскохрватски 4.2 Heirs apparent who were forced to abandon Administration
Suomi their claim Court
(Appointment · Great Officers · Household
Svenska 4.3 Heirs apparent of monarchs who themselves · Retinue
(Camarilla · Courtier )) · Privy council
(Crown · Makhzen )
ไทย abdicated or were deposed
Türkçe 5 See also Related ideologies
Українська Conservatism · Despotism ·
6 Notes and references
Tiếng Việt Enlightened absolutism · Legitimists · Orléanist ·
6.1 Notes
Royalism
(Ultra-royalist ) · Tory
中文 6.2 References
Edit links Related topics
Criticism · Dynasty
(Lists ) · Family
(Illegitimate )
· Figurehead · Kingmaker · List of monarchies
Heir apparent versus heir (Current · Former · Non-sovereign ) · Nobility
presumptive [edit] (Peerage · Realm ) · Philosopher king · Pretender
(List) · Rank · Regicide · Regnal number · Style ·
In a hereditary system governed by some form of Succession
(Anti-king · Crisis · Interregnum ·
Rebellion · War ) · Usurper
primogeniture , an heir apparent is easily identifiable as
the person whose position as first in the line of succession Politics portal
to a title or office is secure, regardless of future births. An v·t·e
heir presumptive, by contrast, can always be "bumped

down" in the succession by the birth of somebody more Part of a series on
closely related in a legal sense (according to that form of Imperial, royal, noble,
primogeniture) to the current title-holder. gentry and chivalric ranks in
Europe
The clearest example occurs in the case of a childless
bearer of a hereditary title that can only be inherited by
one person. If at any time the title bearer were to produce
children, those children would rank ahead of any person
who had formerly been heir presumptive.
Emperor · Empress (dowager) · Tsar · Tsarina ·
Many legal systems assume childbirth is always possible High king · High queen
regardless of age or health. In such circumstances a King (regnant · consort · dowager · father) ·
person may be, in a practical sense, the heir apparent but Queen (regnant · consort · dowager · mother) ·
Grand duke · Grand duchess · Archduke ·
still, legally speaking, heir presumptive. Indeed, when Archduchess
Queen Victoria succeeded her uncle King William IV, the Prince (consort) · Princess (consort) · Duke ·
wording of the proclamation even gave as a caveat : Duchess · Crown prince · Crown princess ·
Jarl · Prince-elector · Princess-elector
...saving the rights of any issue of his late Marquess · Marchioness · Margrave ·
Margravine · Count palatine · Voivode
Majesty King William IV, which may be
Count · Countess · Earl · Ealdorman
born of his late Majesty's consort. Viscount · Viscountess · Castellan · Burgrave ·
Burgravine · Advocatus · Vidame · Starosta
This provided for the possibility that William's wife, Baron · Baroness · Thane · Lendmann ·
Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, was pregnant at the Primor · Boyar
moment of his death, since such a posthumous child, Baronet · Baronetess · Lord of the Manor
Knight · Chevalier · Eques · Imperial Knight ·
regardless of its sex, would have displaced Victoria from

Druzhinnik
the throne.[1] Adelaide was 44 at the time, so pregnancy
Esquire · Gentleman · Gentlewoman ·
was possible even if unlikely. Ministerialis
v·t·e
Daughters in male-preference
primogeniture [edit]
Daughters (and their lines) may inherit titles that descend according
to male-preference primogeniture, but only in default of sons (and
their heirs). That is, both female and male offspring have the right to
a place somewhere in the order of succession, but when it comes to
what that place is, a female will rank behind her brothers regardless Throngs before the Imperial
Palace in Japan awaiting the
of their ages or her age.
appearance of the Crown Prince
Thus, normally, even an only daughter will not be heir apparent, Hirohito for the recent
proclamation of his official
since at any time a brother might be born who, though younger,
recognition as the heir apparent to
would assume that position. Hence, she is an heir presumptive. For the Japanese Imperial Throne –
example, Queen Elizabeth II was heir presumptive during the reign New York Times, 1916.
of her father, King George VI , because at any stage up to nine to ten
months after his death, George could have fathered a legitimate son.
However, a granddaughter could for example be heir apparent if she were the only daughter of the deceased
eldest son of the sovereign (e.g. Queen Elizabeth II would have been heir apparent to George V if her oldest
uncle and father both had died before their father).
Women as heirs apparent [edit]
In a system of absolute primogeniture that disregards gender, female heirs apparent occur. As succession to
titles, positions, or offices in the past most often favoured males, females considered to be an heir apparent
were rare. Absolute primogeniture was not practised by any modern monarchy for succession to their
thrones until the late twentieth century, with Sweden being the first to adopt absolute primogeniture in 1980
and other Western European monarchies following suit.
Since the adoption of absolute primogeniture by contemporary Western European monarchies, examples of
female heirs apparent include Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden, Princess Catharina-Amalia of the
Netherlands, and Princess Elisabeth of Belgium; they are, respectively, the oldest children of Kings Carl
XVI Gustaf, Willem-Alexander , and Philippe . Princess Ingrid Alexandra of Norway is heir apparent to her
father, who is heir apparent to the Norwegian throne, and Victoria herself has a female heir apparent in her
oldest child, Princess Estelle . Victoria was not heir apparent from birth (in 1977), but gained the status in
1980 following a change in the Swedish Act of Succession . Her younger brother Carl Philip (born 1979)
was thus heir apparent for a few months (and is a rare example of an heir apparent losing this status without
a death occurring).
In 2015, pursuant to the 2011 Perth Agreement , the Commonwealth realms changed the rules of succession
to the 16 thrones of Elizabeth II to absolute primogeniture, except for male heirs born before the Perth
Agreement. The effects are not likely to be felt for many years; the first two heirs at the time of the
agreement (Charles, Prince of Wales, later Charles III , and his son William, Prince of Wales ) were already
eldest born children, and in 2013 William's first-born son Prince George of Wales became the next apparent
successor.
In one special case, however, England and Scotland had a female heir apparent. The Revolution
settlement that established William and Mary as joint monarchs in 1689 only gave the power to continue
the succession through issue to Mary II, elder daughter of the previous king, James II . William, by contrast,
was to reign for life only, and his (hypothetical) children by a wife other than Mary would be placed in his
original place (as Mary's first cousin) in the line of succession—after Mary's younger sister Anne . Thus,
although after Mary's death William continued to reign, he had no power to beget direct heirs,[2] and Anne
became the heir apparent for the remainder of William's reign. She eventually succeeded him as Queen of
England, Scotland and Ireland.
Displacement of heirs apparent [edit]
The position of an heir apparent is normally unshakable: it can be assumed they will inherit. Sometimes,
however, extraordinary events—such as the death or the deposition of the parent—intervene.
People who lost heir apparent status [edit]
Al-Mufawwid on 30 April 892, al-Muwaffad was removed from the succession (heir apparent)
completely,[3] and when al-Mu'tamid died in October 892, he was succeeded by Al-Mu'tadid.[4]
Parliament deposed James Francis Edward Stuart , the infant son of King James II & VII (of England
and Scotland respectively) whom James II was raising as a Catholic, as the King's legal heir apparent—
declaring that James had, de facto, abdicated —and offered the throne to James II's elder daughter, the
young prince's much older Protestant half-sister, Mary (along with her husband, Prince William of
Orange). When the exiled King James died in 1701, his Jacobite supporters proclaimed the exiled
Prince James Francis Edward as King James III of England and James VIII of Scotland; but neither he
nor his descendants were ever successful in their bids for the throne.
Crown Prince Gustav (later known as Gustav, Prince of Vasa), son of Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden , lost
his place when his father was deposed and replaced by Gustav IV Adolf's aged uncle, the Duke Carl,
who became Charles XIII of Sweden in 1809. The aged King Charles XIII did not have surviving sons,
and Prince Gustav was the only living male of the whole dynasty (besides his deposed father), but the
prince was never regarded as heir of Charles XIII, although there were factions in the Riksdag and
elsewhere in Sweden who desired to preserve him, and, in the subsequent constitutional elections,
supported his election as his grand-uncle's successor. Instead, the government proceeded to have a new
crown prince elected (which was the proper constitutional action, if no male heir was left in the
dynasty), and the Riksdag elected first August, Prince of Augustenborg, and then, after August's death,
the Prince of Ponte Corvo (Marshal Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte , who acceded as Charles XIV John in
1818). The two lines united later, when Charles XIV John's great-grandson Crown Prince Gustaf (who
acceded as Gustaf V in 1907) married Gustav IV Adolf's great-granddaughter Victoria of Baden , who
became Crown Princess of Sweden. Thus, from Gustav VI Adolf onwards, the kings of Sweden are
direct descendants of both Gustav IV Adolf and his son's replacement as crown prince, Charles XIV
John.
Prince Carl Philip of Sweden , at his birth in 1979, was heir apparent to the throne of Sweden. Less than
eight months later, a change in that country's succession laws instituted absolute primogeniture , and
Carl Philip was supplanted as heir apparent by his elder sister Victoria.
Muqrin bin Abdulaziz became Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia in January 2015 upon the death of his
half-brother King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and the accession of another half-brother, Salman
bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, to the Saudi throne. In April of that year, Salman removed Muqrin as Crown
Prince, replacing him with their nephew Muhammad bin Nayef . Muhammad bin Nayef himself was
later replaced as Crown Prince by the king's son Mohammad bin Salman .
Breaching legal qualification of heirs apparent [edit]
In some jurisdictions, an heir apparent can automatically lose that status by breaching certain constitutional
rules. Today, for example:
A British heir apparent would lose this status if he or she became a Catholic. This is the only religion-
based restriction on the heir-apparent. (Previously, marrying a Catholic also equated to losing this status,
however, in October 2011, the governments of the then-16 Commonwealth realms—now 15, of which
King Charles III is monarch—agreed to remove the restriction on marriage to a Catholic. All of the
Commonwealth realms subsequently passed legislation to implement the change, which fully took effect
in March 2015.)
Swedish Crown Princes and Crown Princesses would lose heir apparent status, according to the Act of
Succession, if they married without approval of the monarch and the Government , abandoned the "pure
Evangelical faith", or accepted another throne without the approval of the Riksdag .
Dutch Princes and Princesses of Orange would lose status as heir to the throne if they married without
the approval of the States-General , or simply renounced the right.
Spanish Princes and Princesses of Asturias would lose status if they married against the express
prohibition of the monarch and the Cortes .
Belgian Dukes and Duchesses of Brabant would lose heir apparent status if they married without the
consent of the monarch, or became monarch of another country.
Danish Crown Princes and Princesses would lose status if they married without the permission of the
monarch. When the monarch grants permission for a dynast to enter marriage, he may set conditions
that must be met for the dynasts and/or their children to gain or maintain a place in the line of
succession; this also applies for Crown Princes and Princesses.
Current heirs apparent [edit]
Name of
Date of birth Relation to
Country Picture heir Title
(age) monarch
apparent
Salman bin
Crown Prince of October 21,
Bahrain Hamad Al eldest son
Bahrain 1969 (age 52)
Khalifa
Princess,
October 25,
Belgium Elisabeth Duchess of eldest child
2001 (age 20)
Brabant
Dragon Prince of
Jigme
Bhutan, February 5,
Bhutan Namgyel elder child
Druk Gyalsey of 2016 (age 6)
Wangchuck
Bhutan
Crown Prince of
Al-Muhtadee February 17,
Brunei Brunei eldest son
Billah 1974 (age 48)
Darussalam
Crown Prince of
Denmark, May 26, 1968
Denmark Frederik elder son
Count of (age 54)
Monpezat
Hussein bin Crown Prince of June 28, 1994

Jordan elder son
Abdullah Jordan (age 28)
Mishal Al-
Sheikh ,
Ahmad Al- September 27, younger
Kuwait Crown Prince of
Jaber Al- 1940 (age 82) brother
Kuwait
Sabah
Lerotholi Crown Prince of April 18, 2007

Lesotho only son
Seeiso Lesotho (age 15)
Hereditary Prince
June 11, 1968
Liechtenstein Alois of Liechtenstein, eldest son
(age 54)
Count of Rietberg
Hereditary Grand
November 11,
Luxembourg Guillaume Duke of eldest child
1981 (age 40)
Luxembourg
Hereditary Prince
December 10, only legitimate
Monaco Jacques of Monaco,
2014 (age 7) son
Marquis of Baux
Moulay Crown Prince of May 8, 2003

Morocco only son
Hassan Morocco (age 19)
Catharina- Princess of December 7,

Netherlands eldest child
Amalia Orange 2003 (age 18)
Haakon Crown Prince of July 20, 1973

Norway only son
Magnus Norway (age 49)
Sayyid ,
Theyazin bin August 21, 1990
Oman Crown Prince of eldest son
Haitham (age 32)
Oman
Mohammad
bin Salman Crown Prince of August 31, 1985

Saudi Arabia child
bin Abdulaziz Saudi Arabia (age 37)
Al Saud
Crown Princess of
Sweden, July 14, 1977
Sweden Victoria eldest child
Duchess of (age 45)
Västergötland
Tupoutoʻa Crown Prince of September 17,

Tonga elder son
ʻUlukalala Tonga 1985 (age 37)
United
Kingdom
June 21, 1982
and 14 other William Prince of Wales elder son
(age 40)
Commonwealth
realms
Heirs apparent who never inherited the throne [edit]
Heirs apparent who predeceased the monarch [edit]
Heir apparent Lived Heir of Cause of death

Died before
Setka Djedefre
2575 BC
Died before
Kawab Khufu
2566 BC
Unknown causes
Died before
Yanassi Khyan
1580 BC
Died before
Ahmose-ankh Ahmose I
1525 BC
Died c. 1455
Amenemhat Thutmose III Plague
BC
Died before
Amenmose Thutmose I
1493 BC
Died before
Amenhotep Amenhotep II
1401 BC
Died before
Thutmose Amenhotep III
1353 BC
Died before
Nakhtmin Ay
1323 BC
Unknown causes
Died c. 1254
Amun-her-khepeshef
BC
Died c. 1229
Ramesses Ramesses II
BC
Died c. 1224
Khaemweset
BC
Died before
Amun-her-khepeshef Ramesses III
1155 BC
Killed by uncle Chen
Crown Prince Mian Died 707 BC Duke Huan of Chen
Tuo
Yukou BC 672 Duke Xuan of Chen Killed
Forced to commit
Fusu Died 210 BC Qin Shi Huang
suicide
BC 128–BC
Liu Ju Emperor Wu of Han Killed
91
Pacorus I Died BC 38 Orodes II of Parthia Killed in battle
Gaius Caesar BC 20–4 AD Wounds
Augustus
Lucius Caesar BC 17–2 AD Sudden illness
BC 15–19
Germanicus Mysterious illness
AD
BC 13–23
Drusus Julius Caesar Tiberius Suspected poisoning
AD
Nero Julius Caesar 6–31
Starvation
Drusus Caesar 7–33
Tiberius Gemellus 19–37 Caligula Killed
Lucius Aelius Caesar 101–138 Hadrian Hemorrhage
Marcus Annius Verus Caesar 162–169 Marcus Aurelius Natural causes
Cao Ang Died in 197 Cao Cao Killed in battle
Sun Deng 209–241 Emperor Da of Wu Illness
Died under mysterious
Valerian II Died 258 Gallienus
circumstances
Killed in Disaster of
Liu Xuan 224–264 Liu Shan
Yongjia
Killed by Empress Jia
Sima Yu 278–300 Emperor Hui of Jin
Nanfeng
Died
Nigrinian Carinus
284/285
Unknown causes
Emperor Taiwu of Northern
Tuoba Tao 428–451
Wei
Emperor Wu of Southern
Xiao Zhangmao 458–493
Qi
Illness
Xiao Tong 501–531 Emperor Wu of Liang
Yang Zhao 584–606 Emperor Yang of Sui

Killed during the
Li Jiancheng 589–626 Emperor Gaozu of Tang
Xuanwu Gate Incident
Mardanshah Died 628 Khosrow II Killed
Li Hong 652–675 Emperor Gaozong of Tang
Illness
Prince Kusakabe 662–689 Empress Jitō
Executed by Empress
Li Chongrun 682–701 Emperor Zhongzong of
Wu Zetian
Tang
Li Chongjun 683–707 Killed after coup
Li Ying Died in 737 Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Killed
Li Ning 793–812 Emperor Xianzong of Tang Illness
Li Yong Died in 838 Emperor Wenzong of Tang Unknown cause
Liudolf, Duke of Swabia 930–957 Otto the Great Fever
Saint Emeric of Hungary 1007–1031 Stephen I of Hungary Hunting accident
Edward the Exile 1016–1057 Edward the Confessor Unknown cause
Drowned in the White
William Adelin 1103–1120 Henry I of England
Ship disaster
Zhao Fu 1127–1129 Emperor Gaozong of Song
Illness
Henry of Scotland 1114–1152 David I of Scotland
Roger III, Duke of Apulia 1118–1148 Roger II of Sicily Unknown causes
Eustace IV, Count of Boulogne 1127–1153 Stephen, King of England Sudden death
Henry Berengar 1136–1150 Conrad III of Germany Illness
Roger IV, Duke of Apulia 1152–1161 William I of Sicily Arrow to the eye
William IX, Count of Poitiers 1153–1156 Seizure
Henry II of England
Henry the Young King 1155–1183 Dysentery
Naratheinga Uzana 1197–1235 Htilominlo
Unknown cause
Sigurd Lavard Died 1200 Sverre of Norway
Alexios Palaiologos Died 1203 Alexios III Angelos Natural causes
Valdemar the Young 1209–1231 Valdemar II of Denmark Hunting accident
Andronikos Palaiologos Died 1216 Theodore I Laskaris Disease
Thihathu of Pagan 1230s–1256 Uzana of Pagan Assassinated
Haakon the Young 1232–1257 Haakon IV of Norway
Zhenjin 1243–1286 Kublai Khan Illness
Louis of France 1244–1260 Louis IX of France
George, son of David VII of
1250–1268 David VII of Georgia Bowel disease
Georgia
Fernando de la Cerda 1255–1275 Alfonso X of Castile Unexpected causes
Louis of France 1264–1276 Philip III of France
Alexander, Prince of Scotland 1264–1284 Alexander III of Scotland Illness

Henry, son of Edward I 1268–1274 Edward I of England
Theingapati 1270s–1299 Kyawswa of Pagan Assassinated
Alphonso, Earl of Chester 1273–1284 Edward I of England Illness
Eric Christoffersen of Denmark 1307–1332 Christopher II of Denmark Died in battle
Henry II, Landgrave of
Otto the Younger 1322–1366 Illness
Hesse
Edward, the Black Prince 1330–1376 Edward III of England A long lasting illness
Christopher, Duke of Lolland 1341–1363 Valdemar IV of Denmark
Illness
Zhu Biao 1355–1392 Hongwu Emperor
Martin I of Sicily 1374–1409 Martin of Aragon Malaria
David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay 1378–1402 Robert III of Scotland Starvation
Charles VI of France (by
Henry V of England 1387–1422 Dysentery
the Treaty of Troyes )
Minye Kyawswa 1391–1415 Minkhaung I Killed in battle
Martin I of Sicily and
Peter of Aragon 1394–1400 Wound from spear
Maria, Queen of Sicily
Louis, Duke of Guyenne 1397–1415 Dysentery
Charles VI of France
John, Duke of Touraine 1398–1417 Abscess to the head
Martin of Aragon 1406–1407 Martin I of Sicily Illness
Richard of York, 3rd Duke of Henry VI of England (by
1411–1460 Killed in battle
York Act of Accord )
John II of Aragon and
Charles, Prince of Viana 1421–1461 Unknown causes
Navarre
Alexander Stewart, Duke of
1430 James I of Scotland Illness
Rothesay
Crown Prince Uigyeong 1438–1457 Sejo of Joseon Illness
Wounds in jousting
Gaston, Prince of Viana 1444–1470 Gaston IV, Count of Foix
tournament
Zhu Jianji 1448–1453 Jingtai Emperor Illness
John, Prince of Portugal 1451 Afonso V of Portugal Sudden death
Edward of Westminster, Prince of Killed at the Battle of
1453–1471 Henry VI of England
Wales Tewkesbury
Ivan the Young 1458–1490 Ivan III of Russia Gout
Zhu Youji 1469–1472 Chenghua Emperor Illness
Edward of Middleham, Prince of
1473–1484 Richard III of England Unknown
Wales
Afonso, Prince of Portugal 1475–1491 John II of Portugal Horse riding accident
Isabella I of Castile and
John, Prince of Asturias 1478–1497 Tuberculosis
Ferdinand II of Aragon
Maximilian I, Holy Roman
Philip I of Castile 1478–1506 Typhoid fever
Emperor
Arthur, Prince of Wales 1486–1502 Henry VII of England Unknown illness
Charles Orlando, Dauphin of
1492–1495 Charles VIII of France Measles
France
Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal 1498–1500 Manuel I of Portugal
John, Hereditary Prince of Saxony 1498–1537
Frederick, Hereditary Prince of George, Duke of Saxony
1504–1539
Saxony
Illness
James, Duke of Rothesay 1507–1508
James IV of Scotland
Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay 1509–1510
Magnus III of Mecklenburg- Henry V, Duke of
1509–1550
Schwerin Mecklenburg
Henry, Duke of Cornwall 1511 Henry VIII of England Sudden death
Şehzade Mustafa 1515–1553 Suleiman the Magnificent Executed
Francis III, Duke of Brittany 1518–1536 Francis I of France Tuberculosis
Bhoj Raj Died 1526 Rana Sanga Died in battle
Afonso, Prince of Portugal 1526 John III of Portugal Illness
Prince George of Kakheti 1529–1561 Levan of Kakheti Died in battle
Manuel, Prince of Portugal 1531–1537
Illness
Philip, Prince of Portugal 1533–1539
John III of Portugal
João Manuel, Hereditary Prince of Tuberculosis or
1537–1554
Portugal diabetes
Crown Prince Sunhoe 1551–1563 Myeongjong of Joseon Illness
Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of
1552–1553 Drowned
Russia
Ivan IV of Russia
Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich of
1554–1581 Wounds to the head
Russia
Mingyi Swa 1558–1593 Nanda Bayin Killed in battle
Killed alongside his
Prince George of Kakheti 1570–1605 Alexander II of Kakheti
father
Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias 1571–1578 Dysentery
Philip II of Spain
Diego, Prince of Asturias 1575–1582 Smallpox
Francesco I de' Medici,
Philip de' Medici 1577–1582 Hydrocephalus
Grand Duke of Tuscany
Killed by his brother
Khusrau Mirza 1587–1622 Jahangir
Shah Jahan
Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales 1594–1612 James I of England Typhoid fever
Maurice, Landgrave of Accidentally shot

Otto, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel 1594–1617
Hesse-Kassel himself
Christian, Prince-Elect of
1603–1647 Christian IV of Denmark
Denmark
Louis of Anhalt-Köthen (the Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-
1607–1624 Illness
Younger) Köthen
Charles Gonzaga, Duke of
Charles Gonzaga, Duke of Nevers 1609–1631
Mantua and Montferrat
Crown Prince Sohyeon 1612–1645 Injo of Joseon Bleeding from the head
Henry Frederick, Hereditary Frederick V, Elector
1614–1629 Drowned
Prince of the Palatinate Palatine
Erdmann August, Hereditary Christian, Margrave of
1615–1651 Illness
Prince of Brandenburg-Bayreuth Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Killed by his brother
Dara Shikoh 1615–1659 Shah Jahan
Aurangzeb
Honoré II, Prince of
Ercole, Marquis of Baux 1623–1651 Gunshot wound
Monaco
Ferdinand Maximilian, Hereditary William, Margrave of
1625–1669 Hunting accident
Prince of Baden-Baden Baden-Baden
Balthasar Charles, Prince of
1626–1646 Philip IV of Spain
Asturias
Smallpox
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman
Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans 1633–1654
Emperor
Theodosius III , Duke of Braganza
1634–1653 John IV of Portugal Tuberculosis
and Prince of Brazil
Sigismund Casimir 1640–1647 Władysław IV Vasa Dysentery
Tsarevich Dmitry Alexeyevich of
1648–1649 Alexis of Russia Illness
Russia
Prince Luarsab of Kartli Died 1652 Rostom of Kartli Gunshot wound
Tsarevich Alexei Alexeyevich of
1654–1670 Alexis of Russia
Russia
William Christoph, Illness
Leopold George, Hereditary
1654–1675 Landgrave of Hesse-
Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg
Homburg
Prince Mamuka of Imereti Died 1654 Rostom of Kartli Died in captivity
Charles, Electoral Prince of Frederick William, Elector
1655–1674 Dysentery
Brandenburg of Brandenburg
Philip Prospero, Prince of Asturias 1657–1661 Philip IV of Spain Epileptic attack
Louis, le grand Dauphin 1661–1711 Louis XIV of France Smallpox
Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Cosimo III de' Medici,
1663–1713 Illness
Prince of Tuscany Grand Duke of Tuscany
Gustav Adolph, Duke of

Charles of Mecklenburg-Güstrow 1664–1688 Smallpox
Mecklenburg-Güstrow
Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke
1666–1693
Prince of Parma of Parma
Illness
Archduke Leopold Joseph of Leopold I, Holy Roman
1682–1684
Austria Emperor
Louis, Dauphin and Duke of
1682–1712 Louis XIV of France Measles
Burgundy
João, Prince of Brazil 1688 Peter II of Portugal
Illness
Birbhadra Shah Died c.1697 Prithvipati Shah
Joseph Ferdinand, Electoral Prince Maximilian II Emanuel,
1692–1699 Sudden illness
of Bavaria Elector of Bavaria
Count Palatine Joseph Charles of Theodore Eustace, Count
1694–1729
Sulzbach Palatine of Sulzbach
Illness
Eberhard Louis, Duke of
Crown Prince Friedrich Ludwig 1698–1731
Württemberg
Victor Amadeus, Prince of Victor Amadeus II of
1699–1715 Smallpox
Piedmont Sardinia
Archduke Leopold Joseph of Joseph I, Holy Roman
1700–1701 Hydrocephalus
Austria Emperor
Frédéric Maurice Casimir de La Emmanuel Théodose de La
1702–1723
Tour d'Auvergne Tour d'Auvergne
Illness
Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Charles III William,
1703–1732
Baden-Durlach Margrave of Baden-Durlach
Louis, Hereditary Prince of
1704–1711 Leopold, Duke of Lorraine Smallpox
Lorraine
Joseph, Hereditary Prince of Ernest Leopold, Landgrave
1705–1744
Hesse-Rotenburg of Hesse-Rotenburg
Illness
Frederick III, Landgrave of
Ludwig Gruno of Hesse-Homburg 1705–1745
Hesse-Homburg
Louis, Dauphin and Duke of
1707–1712 Louis XIV of France Measles
Brittany
Léopold Clément, Hereditary
1707–1723 Leopold, Duke of Lorraine Smallpox
Prince of Lorraine
A burst abscess in the
Frederick, Prince of Wales 1707–1751 George II of Great Britain
lung
Pedro, Prince of Brazil 1712–1714 John V of Portugal Unknown disease
Peter Petrovich 1715–1719 Peter the Great Unknown causes
Crown Prince Hyojang 1719–1728 Yeongjo of Joseon Illness
Louis, Dauphin of France 1729–1765 Louis XV of France Tuberculosis
Yonglian 1730–1738 Qianlong Emperor Illness

His father killed him
Crown Prince Sado of Joseon
1735–1762 Yeongjo of Joseon (Korea ) by locking him in a
(Korea)
rice chest
Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince Charles Frederick, Grand
1755–1801 Illness
of Baden Duke of Baden
Shō Tetsu 1759–1788 Shō Boku Unknown cause
José, Prince of Brazil 1761–1788 Maria I of Portugal Smallpox
Thado Minsaw 1762–1808 Bodawpaya
Karl Georg August, Hereditary Charles William Ferdinand, Illness
1766–1806
Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Duke of Brunswick
Charles August, Crown Prince of
1768–1810 Charles XIII of Sweden Stroke
Sweden
Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Leopold III, Duke of
1769–1814 Illness
Anhalt-Dessau Anhalt-Dessau
Carlo, Duke of Calabria 1775–1778 Ferdinand IV of Naples Smallpox
Frederick Francis I, Grand
Frederick Louis, Hereditary Grand
1778–1819 Duke of Mecklenburg- Illness
Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Schwerin
Nguyễn Phúc Cảnh 1780–1801 Gia Long Emperor Smallpox
Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France 1781–1789 Louis XVI of France Tuberculosis
Crown Prince Munhyo 1782–1788 Jeongjo of Joseon
Abbas Mirza 1789–1833 Fath-Ali Shah Qajar
Illness
Mirza Dara Bakht 1790–1841 Bahadur Shah Zafar
Crown Prince Hyomyeong 1809–1830 Sunjo of Joseon
Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of
1810–1842 Louis-Philippe of France Carriage accident
Orléans
Mirza Fath-ul-Mulk Bahadur 1816–1856 Bahadur Shah Zafar Cholera
Kanaung Mintha 1820–1866 Mindon Min Assassinated
Tēvita ʻUnga 1824–1879 George Tupou I Liver ailment
Louis Philippe, Crown Prince of Inflammation of
1833–1834 Leopold I of Belgium
Belgium mucous membrane
Victoria Kamāmalu 1838–1866 Kamehameha V
Keaweaweulaokalani 1839 Illness
Kamehameha III
Keaweaweulaokalani 1842
Nicholas Alexandrovich,
1843–1865 Alexander II of Russia Meningitis
Tsarevich of Russia
William III of the
William, Prince of Orange 1843–1879 Debauchery
Netherlands
Vuna Takitakimālohi 1844–1862 George Tupou I Illness
Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil 1845–1847 Pedro II of Brazil Epilepsy

Raja Musa ibni Sultan Abdul Sultan Abdul Samad ibni
1844–1884
Samad Raja Abdullah
Charles Augustus, Hereditary Charles Alexander, Grand
Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar- 1844–1894 Duke of Saxe-Weimar- Illness
Eisenach Eisenach
Trailokya, Crown Prince of Nepal 1847–1878 Surendra of Nepal Unknown causes
Pedro Afonso, Prince Imperial of
1848–1850 Pedro II of Brazil Fever
Brazil
ʻElisiva Fusipala Taukiʻonetuku 1850–1889 George Tupou I Illness
William III of the
Alexander, Prince of Orange 1851–1884 Typhus
Netherlands
Leleiohoku II 1854–1877 Kalākaua Rheumatic fever
ʻUelingatoni Ngū 1854–1885 George Tupou I Illness
Ludvonga 1855–1872 Mswati II Poisoned
Leopold, Hereditary Prince of
1855–1886 Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt Illness
Anhalt
Şehzade Yusuf Izzeddin 1857–1916 Mehmed V Suicide (disputed)
Albert Kamehameha 1858–1862 Kamehameha IV Meningitis
Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria 1858–1889 Franz Joseph I of Austria Suicide (disputed)
Pneumonia, after
Prince Leopold, Duke of Brabant 1859–1869 Leopold II of Belgium
falling into a pond
Nalesoni Laifone 1859–1889 George Tupou I Illness
1869/1870–
Araya Selassie Yohannes Yohannes IV Smallpox
1888
Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe- Alfred, Duke of Saxe-
1874–1899 Unclear circumstances
Coburg and Gotha Coburg and Gotha
Maha Vajirunhis, Crown Prince of
1878–1895 Rama V Typhoid
Siam
Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Carlos I of Portugal and the Jointly assassinated
1887–1908
Portugal Algarves with his father
Abdullah bin Jassim Al
Hamad bin Abdullah Al Thani 1896–1948 Illness
Thani
Turki I bin Abdulaziz Al Saud 1900–1919 Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia Flu
Sultan, Crown Prince of Saudi
1925–2011 Abdullah of Saudi Arabia
Arabia
Muhammed Akbar Khan, Crown
1933–1941 Mohammed Zahir Shah Illness
Prince of Afghanistan
Nayef, Crown Prince of Saudi
1934–2012 Abdullah of Saudi Arabia
Arabia
Heirs apparent who were forced to abandon their claim [edit]
Heir
Lived Heir of Forced out
apparent
Died Upon the murder of Xerxes I, Darius was framed for the
Darius Xerxes I
465 BC murder and executed
His mother angered the emperor by requesting the position of
Died Emperor
Liu Rong empress and refusing to allow the marriage of Liu Rong to
148 BC Jing of Han
Chen Jiao
Born
Kunala Ashoka Blinded
263 BC
BC 46– Disinherited after being charged with intended murder.
Antipater
BC 4 Subsequently executed.
BC 35–
Alexander
BC 7 Herod the
Disinherited and executed
Aristobulus BC 31– Great
IV BC 7
BC 27–
Herod II Disinherited
33 AD
Agrippa BC 12– Banished. Later executed by his own guards after the accession
Augustus
Postumus 14 AD of Tiberius
Emperor
Liu Jiang 25–58 Guangwu of His mother lost the position of empress
Han
224–
Sun He Sun Quan Replaced with his brother Sun Liang
253
279– Emperor Hui
Sima Ying Replaced as heir by Emperor Huai of Jin
306 of Jin
295– Constantine
Crispus Executed
326 the Great
Prince Kinashi Died Emperor
His brother Emperor Ankō took the throne instead
no Karu 453 Ingyō
Emperor
483– Xiaowen of
Yuan Xun Disagreement of his father's policy
497 Northern
Wei
Died
Hermenegild Liuvigild Disinherited for rebellion
585
Niketas the Died
Shahrbaraz Killed after 40 days of rule
Persian 636
Died Emperor
Yang Yong Forced to abdicate and killed by younger brother Yang Guang
604 Wen of Sui
Emperor
619– Attempted to overthrow his father and kill his brother by coup.
Li Chengqian Taizong of
645 Exiled from immorality and treason
Tang
642– Empress Wu Zetian got the favor from Gaozong and his
Li Zhong Emperor
665 position was taken by his half brother Li Hong
Gaozong of
655– Exiled by Empress Wu Zetian from rumors. And forced to
Li Xian Tang
684 commit suicide after Gaozong's death
Prince 662– Emperor
Did not assume throne
Kusakabe 689 Tenmu
Abd al-Aziz Died
Marwan I Removed from line of succession
ibn Marwan 705
Emperor
679– Gave up the claim because he thought that he did not have the
Li Chengqi Ruizong of
742 strength to be a wise emperor
Tang
Alexios 9th
Theophilos Disinherited for rebellion
Mosele century
Al-Mu'tamid On 30 April 892, Al-Mufawwid was removed from the
Died
Al-Mufawwid (Abbasid succession by his cousin, al-Mu'tadid and when al-Mu'tamid
890s
caliph) died in October 892, he was succeeded by al-Mu'tadid .
Al-Abbas ibn
Died Ahmad ibn
Ahmad ibn Attempted to overthrow his father
884 Tulun
Tulun
Emperor Actually inherited the throne in fact, but not recognized as an
Died in
Li Yu Zhaozong of emperor. Became crown prince again after two months and
904
Tang killed by Zhu Wen
Disinherited in the Jōwa Incident
Tsunesada 884 Ninmyō
Emperor
899– Kept the favor away from her mother Empress Shulü Ping ,
Yelü Bei Taizu of
937 because he their political view were totally opposite.
Liao
Fujiwara no 974– Fujiwara no Lost in Chōtoku Incident to his uncle Fujiwara no Michinaga
Korechika 1010 Michitaka who seize the power and lost the position to inherent Kampaku.
Kugyō Fujiwara no Yukinari and Fujiwara no Michinaga
forced him to give up the status and his half brother Prince
Atsuyasu 1019 Ichijō
Atsuhira took his position.
Al-Hakim
Abd al-Rahim Died Sidelined upon Al-Hakim's death in favor of Al-Zahir li-i'zaz
bi-Amr
ibn Ilyas 1020s Din Allah, who had him arrested and imprisoned.
Allah
Al-Malik al- Died Jalal al-
Late ruler's nephew Abu Kalijar took the throne instead
Aziz 1049 Dawla
Henry IV,
Conrad II of 1074–
Holy Roman Disinherited for rebellion
Italy 1101
Emperor
1117–
Min Shin Saw Alaungsithu Exiled
1167
William I, Stephen,
1137– Treaty of Wallingford dictated the succession of Henry II of
Count of King of
1159 England
Boulogne England
Demna of 1155– David V of Imprisoned, blinded and castrated by his uncle, King George
Georgia 1178 Georgia III of Georgia
Died Emperor
Zhao Hong Shi Miyuan and Empress Yang faked the edict of emperor.
1225 Ningzong
Frederick II,
Henry (VII) of 1211–
Holy Roman Disinherited for rebellion
Germany 1242
Emperor
James of 1275– James II of
Majorca 1330 Majorca
Became a monk
James of 1296– James II of
Aragon 1334 Aragon
Otto, Duke of Christopher
1310– Forced to surrender claim to the throne in favor of his brother
Lolland and II of
1346 Valdemar IV of Denmark
Estonia Denmark
1326–
Prince Emperor
c. 1337– Killed or deposed by Ashikaga Takauji
Narinaga Kōmyō
44
Eric XII of 1339– Magnus VII Became King of Sweden, with his brother Haakon VI of
Sweden 1359 of Norway Norway taking the throne of Norway
Baw Ngan- 1370–
Binnya U Imprisoned
Mohn 1390
Grand Prince 1394– Taejong of
Removed for an affair
Yangnyeong 1462 Joseon
Dmitry 1483– Ivan III of
Disinherited in favor of uncle Vasili III of Russia
Ivanovich 1509 Russia
Carlos, Prince 1545– Philip II of Arrested and imprisoned by his father; died in prison six
of Asturias 1568 Spain months later
Minye
1567–
Kyawswa II Nanda Bayin Defected
1599
of Ava
1580–
Cuyen Nurhaci Political conflict with his father
1615
1674– The Kangxi Imprisoned for life by Kangxi for immorality and treason;
Yinreng
1725 Emperor replaced by his brother Yongzheng Emperor
Alexei
Peter the
Petrovich, 1690– Imprisoned by his father and forced to relinquish his claim.
Great of
Tsarevich of 1718 Died in prison.
Russia
Russia
Philip, Duke 1747– Charles III Intellectually disabled; removed from the line of succession in
of Calabria 1777 of Spain favor of his brothers Charles and Ferdinand
Pedro, Prince
1825– Pedro IV of Became heir solely to Brazil, with his sister Maria becoming
Imperial of
1891 Portugal heir presumptive
Brazil
Mustafa Fazıl 1830– Succession law changed to pass from father to son instead of
Isma'il Pasha
Pasha 1875 brother to brother; replaced by Tewfik Pasha
Tengku Alam 1846– Sultan Ali of
Throne given to kinsman Abu Bakar of Johor instead
Shah 1891 Johor
Khalifa bin
Zayed bin
Zayed bin Refused throne, with his brother Tahnoun bin Zayed bin
b.1856 Khalifa Al
Khalifa Al Khalifa Al Nahyan becoming ruler instead
Nahyan
Nahyan
George,
1887– Peter I of Abdicated his succession rights in 1909; replaced by his
Crown Prince
1972 Serbia brother Alexander
of Serbia
King Faisal
Muhammad of 1910–
ibn Abdul- Forced to abdicate in 1965; replaced by his brother Khalid
Saudi Arabia 1988
Aziz
Tunku Abdul
1933– Ismail of His elder brother Iskandar of Johor was reinstated after
Rahman of
1989 Johor previously being forced to renounce his rights
Johor
Khalid bin Saqr bin
Disinherited in favor of his half-brother Saud bin Saqr Al
Saqr Al 1940– Mohammed
Qasimi
Qasimi Al Qasimi
King Salman
Muqrin of bin Removed as Crown Prince in April 2015; replaced by his
1945–
Saudi Arabia Abdulaziz nephew Muhammad bin Nayef
Al Saud
King
Hassan of He was replaced by his nephew Abdullah only days before the
1947– Hussein of
Jordan king died in 1999
Jordan
King Salman
Muhammad
bin Removed as Crown Prince in June 2017; replaced by his cousin
bin Nayef of 1959–
Abdulaziz Mohammad bin Salman
Saudi Arabia
Al Saud
Mishaal bin
Hamad bin Renounced his claim in 1996 in favor of his younger half-
1972–
Khalifa Al brother, Sheikh Jasim
Hamad bin
Thani
Khalifa Al
Jassim bin
Thani
Hamad bin Renounced his claim in 2003 in favor of his younger brother,
1978–
Khalifa Al Sheikh Tamim
Thani
Prince Carl Carl XVI
Swedish succession laws were changed in 1980. Carl Philip
Philip of 1979– Gustaf of
was supplanted by his elder sister Victoria
Sweden Sweden
Prince
Abdullah II Title of Crown Prince removed in 2004. Hamzah was
Hamzah of 1980–
of Jordan supplanted by his half-nephew Hussein
Jordan
Heirs apparent of monarchs who themselves abdicated or were

deposed [edit]
Heir
Lived Heir of End of line/monarchy
apparent
Lucius
Calpurnius Assassinated in 69 under orders of
38–69 Galba
Piso Otho
Licinianus
Gaius Julius
Verus 217–238 Maximinus Thrax Assassinated in 238
Maximus
Publius
Licinius
249–268 Gallienus Killed in 268
Egnatius
Marinianus
Both father and son were executed
Licinius II 315–326 Licinius by Licinius' co-emperor
Constantine the Great
Victor Died 388 Magnus Maximus Both executed
Constans II Died 411 Constantine III Both killed in revolts
Chen Yin 573–618 Chen Shubao Chen Dynasty fell
Both father and son executed by
Theodosius 583/585–602 Maurice
supporters of Phocas
Both father and son overthrown
Tiberius IV 705–711 Justinian II
and executed
Michael I abdicated in the face of
Theophylact 793–849 Michael I Rangabe
a military revolt
Born between Leo V was assassinated and his
Constantine Leo V the Armenian
800 and 810 heirs banished
Meng Later Shu was defeated by Song

937–991 Meng Chang
Xuanzhe Dynasty
Duncan II was killed in battle in
William fitz
1090–1147 Duncan II of Scotland 1094 and his uncle Donald III
Duncan
retook the throne
Daoud ibn al-
Died 1207 Al-Adid The Ayyubid dynasty took power
Adid
Abdicated following defeat in
Edward
1283–1367 John Balliol First War of Scottish
Balliol
Independence
Prince Yan sacked Nanjing.
Disappeared
Zhu Wenkui Jianwen Emperor Disappeared with his father
in 1402
Jianwen Emperor.
Deposed Yeonsangun was deposed in 1506
Crown Prince 1498–1506 Yeonsangun of Joseon in favor of his half-brother
Yi Hwang Jungjong of Joseon
John of Christian II was deposed in 1523
1518–1532 Christian II of Denmark
Denmark in favor of his uncle Frederick I
Gustav of Eric XIV was deposed in 1568 in
1568–1607 Eric XIV of Sweden
Sweden favor of his half-brother John III
Gustav of
Magnus II, Duke of Saxe- Magnus' father Francis I, Duke of
Saxe- 1570–1597
Lauenburg Saxe-Lauenburg reascended
Lauenburg
Władysław Sigismund was deposed in 1599 in
1595–1648 Sigismund of Sweden
Vasa favor of his uncle Charles IX
Deposed Gwanghaegun was deposed in
Crown Prince 1598–1623 Gwanghaegun of Joseon 1623 in favor of his nephew Injo
Yi Ji of Joseon
Ming conquered by Manchu and
Zhu Cilang 1629–1644 Chongzhen Emperor
founded Qing Dynasty
Yunreng,
Prince Limi of 1674–1725 Kangxi Emperor He was demoted by his father.
the First Rank
James II was deposed in favor of
James Francis his daughter and son-in-law Mary
1688–1766 James II of England
Edward Stuart II and William III and II on 11
April 1689 for being Catholic
Yonglian,
Crown Prince 1730 – 1738 Qianlong Emperor Died of samllpox at age of 8.
Duanhui
Prince David
1767–1819 George XII of Georgia Annexation by Russia
of Georgia
Louis-
Antoine,
Abdicated jointly with his father
Dauphin and 1775–1844 Charles X of France
on 2 August 1830
Duke of
Angoulême
Louis-Charles,
Dauphin of 1785–1795 Louis XVI of France French Revolution
France
Duke Pius
Wilhelm, Count Palatine of
August in 1786–1837 Annexation by Bavaria
Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
Bavaria
Prince
Constantine of 1789–1844 Solomon II of Imereti Annexation by Russia
Imereti
Gustav's whole family was
excluded from the line of royal
Gustav, Prince succession on 10 May 1809 by the
1799–1877 Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden
of Vasa Riksdag of the Estates , after the
deposition of Gustav IV Adolf in
favor of his uncle Charles XIII
Fearing a coup, Henri Christophe
Jacques-Victor
1804–1820 Henri Christophe committed suicide and Jacques-
Henry
Victor Henry was assassinated
Agustín
Jerónimo,
Prince 1807–1866 Agustín I of Mexico Deposed in 1823
Imperial of
Mexico
Leopold,
Annexed by Prussia on 7
Prince of 1835–1905 Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern
December 1849
Hohenzollern
Prince
Declaration of the Second
Philippe, 1838–1894 Louis Philippe I of France
Republic on 24 February 1848
Count of Paris
Ernest
Augustus,
1845–1923 George V of Hanover
Crown Prince
of Hanover
Annexation by Prussia in 1866
Ernest,
Landgrave of Charles II, Landgrave of Hesse-
1846–1925
Hesse- Philippsthal
Philippsthal
Marama Ari'imate was deposed in 1868 in
1851–1909 Ari'imate
Teururai favor of his wife Tehaapapa II

William,
Hereditary
1852–1912 Adolphe, Duke of Nassau Annexation by Prussia in 1866
Prince of
Nassau
Louis
Napoleon III was deposed 4
Napoléon,
1856–1879 Napoleon III of France September 1870 by the forces of
Prince
the Third Republic
Imperial
Crown Prince
Dissolution of the union between
Gustaf of 1858–1950 Oscar II of Norway
Norway and Sweden in 1905
Norway
Agustín,
Prince of 1863–1925 Maximilian I of Mexico Monarchy abolished in 1867
Iturbide
Ryukyu Kingdom was annexed by
Shō Ten 1864–1920 Shō Tai
Japan in 1872
Ottoman Empire dissolved in
Abdulmejid II 1868–1944 Mehmed VI
1922.
Tahiti was annexed by France in
Teriivaetua 1869–1918 Pōmare V
1880
Prince
Emanuele
1869–1931 Amadeo I of Spain Abdicated in 1873
Filiberto,
Duke of Aosta
Rupprecht,
German monarchies abolished in
Crown Prince 1869–1955 Ludwig III of Bavaria
November 1918
of Bavaria
Danilo, Crown
Prince of 1871–1939 Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš Annexed by Serbia
Montenegro
Kaʻiulani 1875–1899 Liliuokalani Annexation by the United States
Short lived Empire abolished in
Yuan Keding 1878–1958 Yuan Shikai
March 1916
Wilhelm, Wilhelm was deposed by the
German 1882–1951 Wilhelm II, German Emperor German government on 9
Crown Prince November 1918
Georg, Crown
Prince of 1893–1943 Frederick Augustus III of Saxony
November 1918
Saxony
Husain Bey,
Crown Prince 1893–1969 Muhammad VIII al-Amin Deposed in 1957
of Tunisia
Heinrich XLV,
Hereditary Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss
1895–1945
Prince Reuss Younger Line
Younger Line
Josias,
November 1918
Hereditary
Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and
Prince of 1896–1967
Pyrmont
Waldeck and
Pyrmont
Philipp,
Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse,
Landgrave of 1896–1980
King-elect of Finland
Hesse
Monarchy abolished in 1918
Prince
Wilhelm of 1897–1957 Mindaugas II of Lithuania
Urach
Yi Un 1897–1970 Sunjong of Korea Annexation by Korea in 1910
Nikolaus,
Hereditary Frederick Augustus II, Grand Duke German monarchies abolished in
1897–1970
Grand Duke of of Oldenburg November 1918
Oldenburg
Crown Prince
Monarchy abolished on 17 June
Friðrik of 1899–1972 Kristján X of Iceland
1944
Iceland
Muhammad Abbas II was deposed by the
Abdel 1899–1979 Abbas II of Egypt British for supporting the
Moneim Ottomans in World War I
Georg Moritz,
Hereditary
Prince of 1900–1991 Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
November 1918
Saxe-
Altenburg
Nicholas abdicated on 2/15
Alexei
March 1917 on behalf of both
Nikolaevich,
1904–1918 Nicholas II of Russia himself and his son. The
Tsarevich of
monarchy was abolished 1
Russia
September 1917
Victor Emmanuel was only
Umberto,
Victor Emmanuel III of Ethiopia partially recognized in those
Prince of 1904–1983
and Albania countries, renounced claims in
Piedmont
1943 in favor of previous holders
Georg
Donatus,
Hereditary 1906–1937 Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse

Grand Duke of
Hesse
Johann
November 1918
Leopold,
Hereditary Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-
1906–1972
Prince of Coburg and Gotha
Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
Alfonso XIII was deposed by the
formation of the Second Spanish
Alfonso,
Republic on April 14, 1931.
Prince of 1907–1938 Alfonso XIII of Spain
Prince Alfonso renounced his
Asturias
claim on 21 June 1933 so he could
marry a commoner
Friedrich
Franz,
Hereditary Frederick Francis IV, Grand Duke German monarchies abolished in
1910–2001
Grand Duke of of Mecklenburg-Schwerin November 1918
Mecklenburg-
Schwerin
Ghazi bin
1912–1939 Faisal I of Syria Deposed in 1920
Faisal
Charles
Augustus,
Hereditary William Ernest, Grand Duke of German monarchies abolished in
1912–1988
Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach November 1918
Saxe-Weimar-
Eisenach
Otto von
Habsburg,
Crown Prince
Austria and Hungary abolished the
of Austria, 1912–2011 Charles I of Austria
monarchy in 1918.
Hungary,
Croatia and
Bohemia
'Abd al-Ilah 1913–1958 Ali of Hejaz Deposed in 1925
Carol Victor,
Hereditary
1913–1973 Wilhelm, Prince of Albania Fled into exile in 1914
Prince of
Albania
Prince Ernest
Ernest Augustus, Duke of German monarchies abolished in
Augustus of 1914–1987
Brunswick November 1918
Hanover
Haile Selassie was overthrown in

Amha Selassie 1916–1997 Haile Selassie of Ethiopia 1974 after being taken by
communist Derg power
Hasan as-
1928–1992 Idris of Libya Deposed in 1969
Senussi
Monarchy abolished after Laotian
Vong Savang 1931–1978 Sisavang Vatthana
Civil War
Ahmad Shah
Khan, Crown
1934– Mohammed Zahir Shah Deposed in 1973
Prince of
Afghanistan
Bảo Long 1936–2007 Bảo Đại 1955 State of Vietnam referendum
Vittorio
Italy abolished the monarchy on
Emanuele,
1937– Umberto II of Italy 12 June 1946, after Umberto II
Prince of
had reigned 33 days
Naples
Two days after Leka's birth,
Leka, Crown
Mussolini's Italy invaded Albania
Prince of 1939–2011 Zog of Albania
on 7 April 1939 and sent the royal
Albania
family into exile
Tomislav II abdicated October 12,
Crown Prince
1943 due to the Armistice between
Amedeo of
1943–2021 Tomislav II of Croatia Italy and Allied armed forces,
Savoy, Duke
when Amedeo was only two
of Aosta
weeks old
Alexander, Peter II was deposed by
Crown Prince 1945– Peter II of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia's Constituent
of Yugoslavia Assembly on 29 November 1945
Abdelaziz bin
Deposed in 1972; Khalifa bin
Ahmed Al 1946–2008 Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani
Hamad Al Thani took the throne
Thani
Elizabeth II of Pakistan, South
Africa, Ceylon, Ghana, Nigeria,
Charles, Sierra Leone, Tanganyika, Trinidad
Prince of 1948– and Tobago, Uganda, Kenya, Countries became republics
Wales Malawi, Malta, The Gambia,
Guyana, Mauritius, Fiji, and
Barbados
Reza Pahlavi, The Shah was overthrown by the
Crown Prince 1960– Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Iranian Revolution on 11 February
of Iran 1979
Constantine II fled into exile
Pavlos, Crown
shortly after Pavlos's birth, and the
Prince of 1967– Constantine II of Greece

monarchy was abolished 1 June
Greece
1973
Paras, Crown Gyanendra was deposed 28 May
Prince of 1971– Gyanendra of Nepal 2008 in favour of a republican
Nepal government
Jean-Bédel
Bokassa,
Crown Prince
1973– Jean-Bédel Bokassa Deposed in 1979
of the Central
African
Empire
See also [edit]
List of heirs apparent

President-elect
Prime minister-designate
Heads of former ruling families
Notes and references [edit]
Notes [edit]
1. ^ Sometimes heiress apparent is used for a female heir apparent; however, heir is an equally
valid term for a man, woman or child.
2. ^ assuming no change in the laws governing succession
3. ^ Note that the substantive titles do not usually correspond exactly with the status of heir apparent.
See crown prince for more examples and information.
References [edit]
1. ^ Proclamations of Accessions of British Sovereigns (1547–1952)

2. ^ "King James’ Parliament: The succession of William and Mary – begins 13/2/1689" The History
and Proceedings of the House of Commons: volume 2: 1680–1695 (1742), pp. 255–277.
Accessed: 16 February 2007.
3. ^ Fields 1987, pp. 166–169.
4. ^ Kennedy 1993, pp. 765–766.
v·t·e Current heirs of sovereign monarchies

Africa Lerotholi Seeiso · Moulay
Americas William
Salman · Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck · Al-Muhtadee Billah · Fumihito ·

Asia Hussein · Mishal · Theyazin · Abd Allah · Mohammed bin Salman ·
Dipangkorn Rasmijoti
Elisabeth · Frederik · Alois · Guillaume · Jacques ·
Europe
Catharina-Amalia · Haakon · Leonor · Victoria · William
Oceania William · Tupoutoʻa ʻUlukalala
See also: Current monarchs of sovereign states
Categories : Monarchy Inheritance Heirs apparent
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to a title or office is secure, regardless of future births. An v·t·e

heir presumptive, by contrast, can always be "bumped

regardless of its sex, would have displaced Victoria from

Women as heirs apparent [edit]

Displacement of heirs apparent [edit]

People who lost heir apparent status [edit]

Breaching legal qualification of heirs apparent [edit]

Current heirs apparent [edit]

Hussein bin Crown Prince of June 28, 1994

Lerotholi Crown Prince of April 18, 2007

Moulay Crown Prince of May 8, 2003

Catharina- Princess of December 7,

Haakon Crown Prince of July 20, 1973

bin Salman Crown Prince of August 31, 1985

Tupoutoʻa Crown Prince of September 17,

Heirs apparent who never inherited the throne [edit]

Heirs apparent who predeceased the monarch [edit]

Heir apparent Lived Heir of Cause of death

Yang Zhao 584–606 Emperor Yang of Sui

Alexander, Prince of Scotland 1264–1284 Alexander III of Scotland Illness

Maurice, Landgrave of Accidentally shot

Gustav Adolph, Duke of

Yonglian 1730–1738 Qianlong Emperor Illness

Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil 1845–1847 Pedro II of Brazil Epilepsy

Heirs apparent who were forced to abandon their claim [edit]

Heirs apparent of monarchs who themselves abdicated or were

Meng Later Shu was defeated by Song

Teururai favor of his wife Tehaapapa II

Hereditary 1906–1937 Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse

Haile Selassie was overthrown in

Prince of 1967– Constantine II of Greece

See also [edit]

List of heirs apparent

Notes and references [edit]

1. ^ Proclamations of Accessions of British Sovereigns (1547–1952)

v·t·e Current heirs of sovereign monarchies

Salman · Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck · Al-Muhtadee Billah · Fumihito ·

Oceania William · Tupoutoʻa ʻUlukalala

See also: Current monarchs of sovereign states

Categories : Monarchy Inheritance Heirs apparent

This page was last edited on 8 October 2022, at 18:02 (UTC).

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0;

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