Lesson 2 18/1/2023

Ereyada lab iyo dhedig. Masculine and

feminine words.
Guud ahaan af Soomaaligu wuxuu leeyahay laba qodob oo
isbedbeddela, kuwaas oo kala ah: -ka iyo -ta.

Generally the Somali language has two categories that

change, those are: -ka and -ta.

Qodobka hore wuxuu raacaa magacyada lab. Kan

labaadina kuwa dheddig. Tusaale ahaan:

The first category follows the masculine Names. The

second category follows the feminine names. For example:

• Wiil(boy) + ka = Wiilka (the boy)

• Inan(girl) + ta = Inanta.(the girl)
Xarafka -k baa, haddaba, isu beddela –h marka uu raaco
magac ku dhammaada shaqalka -o ama -e.

The letter -k changes to the letter-h when it follows a name

that ends with the vowels -o or -e

Tusaale ahaan:

For example

Caano(milk) + ka = Caanaha(the milk)

 • Kabo + ka = Kabaha(the shoes)
• Wade + ka = Wadaha(the driver)
Waxa kale oo uu xarafka -k isu beddelaa -g kolka uu raaco
magac ku dhammaada, aa, u, y, i, w, ama g.

The letter -k also changes to letter -g when it follows a name

that ends aa, u, y, i, w or g.

Tusaale ahaan: for example

• Dhurwaa + ka = Dhurwaaga(the hyena)

• Qori + ka = Qoriga(the gun)
• Erey + ka = Ereyga(the word)
• Cadow + ka = Cadowga(the enemy)
• Rag + ka = Ragga(the men)
Kolalka qaarkood xaraf kaasi (-k) wuu abraaraa markuu
raaco magac ku dhammaada xarfaha kala ah: [h, x, q,
c, iyo kh].

And some time the letter (-k) it disappears when it follows

name that end with the letters:[ h, x, q, c and kh)

Tusaale ahaan:

• Qiiq (smoke)+ ka = Qiiqa(the smoke)

• Madax + ka = Madaxa( the head)
• Rah + ka = Raha (the frog)
Qodobka –ta isna wuu isbeddelaa oo wuxuu isu beddelaa:
–da, -sha.
Xarafka -t baana noqda –d markuu raaco magac ku
dhammaada shaqal ama xarfaha kala ah: d, c, x, h, iyo y.

The category -ta it is also changes, it changes to: -da, -sha.

The letter -t changes to -d when the it follows a name that

ends with: d, c, x, h, and y.

Tusaale ahaan: for example

• Maro(clothes) + ta = Marada (the clothes)

• Lo’ + ta = Lo’da(the cow)
• Irrid + ta = Irridda(the door)
• Qodax + ta = Qodaxda( the thorn)
• Beeraley + ta = Beeraleyda(the farmers)
Markay -t ku xigsato -l waxay labada cod, haddaba, isku
noqdaan -sh.

When -t follows the letter -l both letters, changes and

become -sh.

Tusaale ahaan: for example:

• Ul + ta = Usha(the cane)
• Il + ta = isha(the eye)
• Calool + ta = Caloosha(the stomach)