What is the Engineering

Design Process?
• Is a multi-step process used by engineers to
efficiently create solutions to complex problems.
• Is a systematic, iterative, problem-solving strategy,
with criteria and constraints, used to develop many
possible solutions to a problem to satisfy human
needs and wants.
AHU
Mining Engineering Department

Introductory Engineering
‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﻟﻠﮭﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬
Prof. Dr Hani M. Alnawafleh Dr Hani Alnawafleh 2

Define the Problem ?

• Designer clearly outlines what human need or want
exists to solve the problem.
• Often design problems are not clearly defined.
Engineering Designers may have to investigate to define the
Design problem.

Process

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Brainstorm Generate Ideas

• Designers generate ideas without consideration of
limitations to the design.
• Brainstorming is a group or individual problem-
solving design process in which each person in the
group presents his or her ideas in an open forum.
• This is a step where designers can let their
imaginations run free with suggestions from the
brainstorming session.

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Research Ideas &
Explore Possibilities
• Research to determine if a solution to the problem
already exists
– Can another solution/product be adapted to solve the
problem
– Is there mathematical or scientific information related to
the problem that needs to be collected through research?
• Designers begin to explore the possibilities
generated during the brainstorming session and the
research gathered.
Identify Criteria &
Specify Constraints
• Identifying criteria and specifying constraints will
provide the basis for what the design should be and
what its limits are.
– Criteria identify the desired elements and features.
• Constraints involve the limitations.
• The possibilities are measured up against the
defined criteria and constraints.

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Consider Alternative
Select an Approach
Solutions
• Other solutions could work just as well as the one • Based on the analysis, the designer chooses the
selected by the designer. solution that best meets the criteria and constraints.
• Other solutions might be simpler or less expensive • The selection of an approach is closely
and therefore more desirable. documented.
• In the event that the solution does not work, the
designer may need to repeat steps.

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Develop a Written Make a Model

Design Proposal
• A design proposal is a written plan that specifies
what the design will look like and what resources
are needed to develop it.
• It can be communicated through sketches,
drawings, models and written instructions.
Or Prototype
• Models allow designers to make a smaller version
to save time and money.
• Physical, mathematical, graphic models are used.
• A prototype performs exactly as the final solution
and is used for testing.
• A mock up physically looks like the final solution,
but does not perform as the final solution.

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Test & Evaluate the Design
Using Specifications
• Models and/or prototypes are tested
– Does design meets established criteria
– What areas need refinement
• Data is collected from testing to assist in the next
step.
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Refine/Create the
Design
• Based on the evaluation and testing results,
designers refine the design of the product.
• Refinement and optimization include
– Function (making it work better)
– Economic (giving it market appeal)
– Ethical (making it safer)
• The product is then mass produced to be sold to
the target market.
• Designers and Engineers work together to design a
cost effective and time efficient process for
producing the product.
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Communicate the
Results
• Designers need to communicate their results to
perpetuate innovation and so others with similar
problems can learn from their design process.
‫ ﻣطﺎﻟﻌﺔ ذاﺗﯾﺔ وﻟﻼطﻼع‬:‫اﻟﺑﺎب اﻟﺳﺎﺑﻊ‬
Handout 7: Self Learning

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Introduction to Problem
Solving
• Engineers must analyze and solve a wide
range of technical problems.
– Some will be reasonably simple single-solution
problems.
– Others will be open-ended and will likely require
AHU a team of engineers from several disciplines.
Mining Engineering Department – Some problems may have no clear solution.

Introductory Engineering
‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﻟﻠﮭﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬
Prof. Dr Hani M. Alnawafleh Dr Hani Alnawafleh - AHU 18

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 The Engineering Method
• Recognize and understand the problem
• Gather data (and verify its accuracy)
The
• Select guiding theories and principles
Engineering • Make assumptions when necessary
Problem • Solve the problem
Solving Process • Verify the results
• Present the solution

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Applicable Engineering
Problem solving involves: Fundamentals
1. Experience Most engineering problems are based upon one of
2. Knowledge three underlying principles:
3. Process 1. Equilibrium – Force, Flux, and Chemical
4. Art 2. Conservation Laws – Energy and Mass
3. Rate Phenomena – How something changes over
• FOCUS: computer assisted problem solving time.

• Computers are good tools for solving rule-based

problems using decision rules

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E.g. Mathematical Solution Procedures Benefits of Structured

Commonly Used in Engineering Analysis
• Data Analysis Techniques (Statistics)
• Curve Fitting techniques (Looking at Graphs)
• Interpolation techniques
• Single and multiple algebraic equations
• Evaluating Integrals (Evaluate effects over time)
• Economic Analysis
• Optimization (Finding the best solution)
Problem Solving process
• Remove time lost in debate
• Identify weak points in processes
• Discover systemic causes
• Explain with reasons why an incident occurred
• Gives a factual representation of the incident
• Compare what actually happened against what
should have happened, at any point during the
incident.

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