Admire International Academy

Second Semester 2023 Environmental Science Garde 12.1 Final Exam Review Worksheet

Section A: Gap Fill (5 items - 5 Marks)

Fill in the blank spaces in the statements below, using the correct words from the list provided.

(ecosystem- pathways - inputs - stability - compartments - outputs - mechanisms)

1. In order to restore stability to a given ecosystem, water and nutrients in that sytem have to be
managed to an optimal level.

2. A stable system requires equal amounts of inputs and outputs in addition to balanced populations
of animals and plants.

3. A/An ecosystem consists of countless animals, plants and their physical surroundings.

4. A system consists of ____________________ that store energy, matter and their flows or pathways.

5. Energy and matter use specific pathways to move from one system compartment to another.

Section B: True/ False (5 items - 10 Marks)

Mark each of the following statements either true(T) or false (F)

6 Plants, herbivores, carnivores, and decomposers make up the major components of a T

typical ecosystem.
7 Photosynthesis and decomposition are two examples of ‘energy& matter ’ flows that T
characterise an ecosystem.
8 Plants use decomposition to create carbohydrates from carbon, water, and sunlight. F
9 Consumption of plants to obtain energy and specific chemicals stored there represents a T
‘flow’ that supports life functions.
10 Carnivores recycle wastes from various processes that occur within an ecosystem. F

Section C:Matching (5 items - 10 Marks)

Match statement parts from column (A) with their proper completeions from column (B)

(A)
11 Adaptation refers to the acquisition of
advantageous charcateristics
12 Energy is classified as low-quality or high-
quality depending on
13 Elements cannot be broken down into
14 The principle of conservation of matter
holds that matter is recycled
15 Heat energy is transferred
(B)
simpler forms by ordinary chemical reations. 13
but never destroyed under ordinary circumstances.
14
between objects of different temperatures. 15
the ease and promptness of using it to do work.
12
that help an organism to survive in a given
enviroment. 11
Section D: MCQ (5 items - 5 Marks)

Circle the letter of the correct answer to each of the following questions.

16. Energy ______________________________.

a. is the ability to do work
b. can cause heat transfer between objects with different temperatures
c. can be absorbed by moving bodies
d. Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
17. Absorbed heat __________________________.
a. is measured in both joules and calories
b. converts potential energy to kinetic energy
c. increases potential energy of molecules
d. flows from stationary bodies to moving ones
18. A burning match is an example of a source of _______________________.
a. high quality energy
b. low quality energy
c. a high heat content
d. a quick, but low temperature
19. The evaporation and condensation of water in the atmosphere __________________.
a. occur when heat is equally distributed around the globe
b. are caused by heat that is gained or lost due to changes in the state of matter
c. take place because of a change in temperatures
d. Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
20. Research has shown that species diversity____________________________
a. is greatest at the equator
b.decreases as we move toward the poles
c. decreases as we move from the poles toward the equator
d. still needs to be investigated to determine its nature

Section E: Written Response (5 items - 10 Marks)

Give complete response to each of the following questions.

21. What do the chemical energy stored in food and the energy stored in gasoline have in
common?
They are both potential energy that can be utilized to do useful work.
22. Define heat energy.

Students provide their own answers to question 22 from the handout or the textbook

23. What is acclimation?

It’s the change that an organism undergoes in response to an altered environment.
24. Compare (or contrast) diversity with abundance.
Whereas diversity refers to the number of different species in an area, abundance indicates the
number of individuals of a particular species in an area.
25. Explain the term: natural selection.
It is the process in which individuals with useful traits pass on those traits to the next generation,
while others reproduce less successfully.