PHARMACOGNOSY AND PLANT CHEMISTRY

ACTIVITY NO. 1 CRUDE DRUGS

NAME OF CRUDE BIOLOGICAL NAME ACTIVE USES

DRUG CONSTITUENTS
Agar Gelidium amansii, Gelidaceae Emulsifying agent
gracilaria
Bulk laxative
Guar gum Cyamopsis Leguminosae Protective colloids
tetragonolobus
Disintegrating agent
Acacia {gum acacia} Acacia Arabica Leguminosae Demulcent
Suspending agent
Tragacanth Astragalus gummifer Leguminosae Thickening
Emulsifying agent
Beeswax Apis mellifeca Apidae Ointment, plasters,
polishes, candles
Castor oil Ricinus communis Euphorbiaceae Cathartic, lubricant
Cocoa butter Theobroma cocao Sterculiaceae Suppositories &
ointments, creams
Cod liver oil Gadus morrhua Gadidae Rickets, nutritive
Linseed oil(flax seed) Linum usitatissimum Linaceae Demulcent, drying oil,
scabies, cresol with
soap
Shark liver oil Hypoprion Antixeropthalmic
brevirostris factor, burn, sun burn
ointment
Rice bran oil Oryza sativa Graminae Antioxidant vegetable
ghee
Lard Abdomen of the hog Suidae Ointment base
sus scrofa
Honey(madhu) Apis mellifera, Apis Apidae   order- Demulcent,
dorsata hymenoptera antiseptic,
sweetening agent.
Isapgol Plantago ovata Plantaginaceae Pharmaceutical aid,
laxative
Pectin Citrus limonis, Rutaceae Adsorbent, thickening
agent
C. Aurantium
Starch Zea mays, oryza Graminae Disintegrating agent,
sativa demulcent
Lemon grass oil Cymbopogon Citral, citronella, Anti-viral, flavour,
flexuausus nerol anti-microbial, anti-
inflammatory,
pesticodes
Garlic oil Allium sativum Allicin, propyl Disinfectant,
disulphide stimulant,
carminative
Tea tree oil Melaleuca alternifolia Terpinene-4-ol Anti-fungal, anti-viral,
anti-bacterial
Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Ketone, limonene Stimulant aromatic,
anti-diabetic