VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Belagavi-590018, Karnataka

A Project Report
On
“Modelling and Performance Analysis of High Voltage Gain Boost
Converter for MPP Tracking in Solar PV System”
Submitted by
Ms. Bhavana C.M [ 4PM19EE004]

Ms. Janani M.D. [4PM19EE018]

Mr. Manish Ballur [4PM19EE020]

Mr. Rakesh R. [4PM19EE025]

In partial fulfilment of requirements for the award of the Degree

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Under the Guidance of
Mrs. Manasa B
Asst. prof., Dept. of EEE.,
PESITM, Shivamogga.

PES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
2022-2023
 PES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi, ISO 9001-2015 Certified)

NH-206, Sagar Road, Shivamogga, Karnataka-577 204

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project work entitled “Modelling and Performance Analysis of
Boost Converter for MPP Tracking in Solar PV System” has been carried out by Ms.
Bhavana C M (4PM19EE004), Ms. Janani M D (4PM19EE018), Mr. Manish Ballur
(4PM19EE020), Mr. Rakesh R (4PM19EE025), the bonafide students of PES Institute of
Technology and Management, Shivamogga in partial fulfillment for the award of degree
of Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical and Electronics Engineering of the
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year 2022-23. It is certified
that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment have been incorporated
in the Report deposited in the department library. The project report has been approved as
it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of Project work prescribed for the said
Degree.

Guide Head of the Department

Mrs. Manasa B Dr. Om Prakash Yadav
Asst. Prof, EEE Dept, Associate Prof & Head, EEE dept,
PESITM, Shivamogga. PESITM, Shivamogga

External Viva
Name of the Examiners Signature with Date
1.___________________ _______________
2.___________________ _______________

ii
 PES Institute of Technology and Management
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi, ISO 9001-2015 Certified)

NH-206, Sagar Road, Shivamogga, Karnataka-577 204

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

DECLERATION

This is to declare that the entire work embodied in this Bachelor of Engineering project
Report titled “MODELLING AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF HIGH VOLTAGE
GAIN BOOST CONVERTER FOR MPP TRACKING IN SOLAR PV SYSTEM” carried
out Ms. Bhavana C M (4PM19EE004), Ms. Janani M D (4PM19EE018), Mr. Manish
Ballur (4PM19EE020), Mr. Rakesh R (4PM19EE025), independently under the guidance
of Prof. Manasa B Assistant Professor in PES Institute of Technology and
Management, Shivamogga. The work contained in the report has not been submitted in
part or full to any other university or institution or professional body for the award of any
degree.

Place: Shivamogga Bhavana C M

Date: (4PM19EE004)

Janani M D
(4PM19EE018)

Manish Ballur
(4PM19EE020)

Rakesh R
(4PM19EE025)

iii
Vision of the Institution
To be the most preferred institution for engineering & management education,
research and entrepreneurship by creating professionally superior and ethically strong
global manpower.

Mission of the Institution

To prepare students for professional accomplishments and responsible global
citizenship while fostering continuous learning and to provide state-of-the-art education
through the committed and highly skilled faculty by partnering and collaborating with
industry and R&D institutes.

Vision of the Department

To emerge as a leading center for education in Electrical & Electronics Engineering
and to produce globally competent engineers and entrepreneurs with good ethical values

Mission of the Department

 Develop as a centre of excellence for Electrical and Electronics Engineering
education, by providing state-of-the-art infrastructure and effective teaching learning
process.
 Contribute to the development of nation by applying their knowledge gained in the
thrust areas of power and energy systems. To serve society and country for
sustainable development.
 To inculcate value based socially and ethically committed professionals who are able
to evolve thoughtfully in response to the needs of the industry, society and changing
world. Short range radar system

iv
 PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES(PEOs)
Our Graduates Should have:

1. The ability to use their knowledge acquired in various subjects to analyse, design
and implement solutions for complex problems encountered in their professional
career

2. The ability to understand the concept of core electrical subjects that will facilitate
understanding of new technology.

3. The ability to exhibit professionalism, ethical attitude, communication skills, team

work in their profession and adapt to current trends by in lifelong learning.

PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOME (PSOs)

The Electrical and Electronics Engineering graduates will have the ability to:

1. Apply the knowledge to have a foundation in theoretical and practical aspects of

Electrical and Electronics Engineering

2. Model, analyse, design and realize physical systems, components and hands on
competence in modern engineering tools to process and adapt them in the field of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering

3. Communicate and work professionally in order to take up entrepreneurial activities

in the field of Electrical and Electronics Engineering and related areas for the
benefit of the society

v
 PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)

Engineering Graduates will be able to:

PO1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals
and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
PO2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature and analyse complex engineering
problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences and
engineering sciences.
PO3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design
system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for the
public health and safety, cultural, societal and environmental considerations.
PO4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data and synthesis of the
information to provide valid conclusions.
PO5. Modern tool usage: Create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources and modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modelling to complex engineering activities with an
understanding of the limitations.
PO6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess
societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the
professional engineering practice.
PO7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions
in societal and environmental contexts and demonstrate the knowledge of and need for sustainable
development.
PO8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of
the engineering practice
PO9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual and as a member or leader in
diverse teams and in multidisciplinary settings.
PO10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective
reports and design documentation, make effective presentations and give and receive clear instructions.
PO11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering
and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to
manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
PO12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

vi
ABSTRACT
A high-gain DC-to-DC converter with a single switch, called the cubic converter, which provides
very high voltage gain compared to the existing topologies such as the quadratic converter and
conventional boost converter. The operation of the proposed converter at a lower duty ratio ensures lesser
conduction losses. Various mathematical approaches are employed to confirm the higher voltage gain and
improved efficiency of the converter. The proposed cubic boost converter (CBC) is compared with the
quadratic boost converter (QBC) and other converters. A generalized boost converter is also derived. To
test the effectiveness of the QBC and CBC circuits, the Hardware-in-loop validation is also performed.
Moreover, the proposed topology is tested and compared with other topologies for maximum power point
tracking(MPPT) of solar photovoltaic array to show the effectiveness in the real-world

Member 1: Bhavana C M USN:4PM19EE004

Member 2: Janani M D USN: 4PM19EE018
Member 3: Manish Ballur USN: 4PM19EE020
Member 4: Rakesh R USN: 4PM19EE025

Supervisor Name: Mrs. Manasa B

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

Supervisor Signature

vii
 LIST OF FIGURE

Fig. 1. Block Diagram………………………………………………………………………………………3

viii
 Contents
CERTIFICATE...................................................................................................ii
DECLERATION................................................................................................iii
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................vii.
LIST OF FIGURE............................................................................................viii
CHAPTER 1........................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................................1

CHAPTER 2........................................................................................................2
LITERATURE SURVEY.......................................................................................................................................2

CHAPTER 3........................................................................................................3
METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................................................................3

REFERENCES....................................................................................................4

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 HIGH VOLATAGE GAIN BOOST CONVERTER

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Power electronic converters play an important role in the field of renewable energy because they
provide an interface between renewable energy sources and the electrical power system. Their optimal
utilization can improve the power transfer from renewable energy sources in terms of achieving the
desired output at higher efficiency and reduced manufacturing cost.
Power electronic converters have a wide applicability in electrical systems such as in the maximum
power point tracking of a solar photovoltaic (PV) array, charging and discharging of batteries, high-
voltage DC transmission, electric drive trains, street lightning, satellites, and electric vehicles. The
voltage provided by a solar PV array is comparatively low and depends on the environmental factors. In
order to achieve high output voltage values out of PV systems they are configured in a series parallel
combination, which results in lowering down of efficiency and large size of the system. For such voltage-
boosting applications, a high-gain boost converter is employed that can increase voltage at the output to
much higher values with respect to its input by adjusting the duty cycle of the converter.
A new converter, called the cubic converter, is proposed in order to reduce the issues with the
existing topologies. The proposed topology is compared with the quadratic boost converter in terms of
output gain values with and without the effect of internal resistance of inductors using a voltage versus
duty ratio (V-D) graph. Moreover, a hardware-in-loop comparison was also performed between the
topologies under ideal conditions (neglecting internal resistance). The proposed converter outperforms the
existing quadratic converter in terms of:
 Producing much higher voltage gains at the same duty ratio value (mathematical modelling of
both the converters is provided for verification of results).
 Producing higher efficiencies at increased loads. Additionally, to validate further the performance
of the proposed topology and to show its usefulness in the practical world it was used for
maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of a Solar PV array. The proposed converter was
compared with the quadratic and the conventional boost converters. The proposed topology
successfully outperformed both the topologies in terms of tracking the same maximum power
point (MPP) but at a reduced duty ratio value thereby reducing conduction losses and increasing
the efficiency.

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 HIGH VOLATAGE GAIN BOOST CONVERTER

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY

P.K. Maroti., Sanjeevikumar Padmanabhan., Jeans Bo Holm-Nielsen., Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar.,

Mohammad Meeraj., Atif Iqbal., 2019. A New structure of High voltage Gain SEPIC Converter for
Renewable Energy Applications., In this paper “A new structure of single switch non-isolated high gain
SEPIC is introduced for high voltage application”.
Amir Malek., Ali Yazdian Varjani., 2021. A non-isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter with wide
voltage conversion ratio and soft switching capacity., In this paper “Increased number of MOSFETs
reduces the voltage stress., improves the converter controllability”.
Jun Liu., 2020. Analysis of Battery Bidirectional DC-DC converter., In this paper “Increasing the
converter’s input impedance could improve the cascade system stability when the converter becomes rare
one”.
Javed Ahmad., Imran Pervez., Mohd Tariq., Mohammad Fahad., Ripon K Chakrabortt., 2020. Analysis
of DC to DC Converter using QBC., In this paper “A high-gain DC-DC converter with a single switch
called cubic converter, which provides very high voltage gain compared to the existing topologies such as
the quadratic converter and conventional boost converter.

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Page 2

 HIGH VOLATAGE GAIN BOOST CONVERTER

CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

PV array Proposed high gain R-LOAD

DC/DC converter

12v dc supply MOSFET gate

driver

5v dc supply PIC16F877A
Fig. 1: block diagram

Main Principle: The key principle that drives the boost converter is the tendency of an inductor to reset
changes in current by either increasing or decreasing the energy stored in the inductor magnetic field. In
boost converter the output voltage is always more than the input voltage.
Voltage is collected from different sources such as PV array, fuel cell, battery bank etc. Then voltage
value of each and every source is calculated. Voltage is sent to the MOSFET gate drive which acts as
controller, it blocks the reverse voltage and extra voltage. Then the high gain DC to DC converter
stabilizes the power. DC-DC converter contains booster circuit which increases the voltage from low to
high and maintains stable voltage. PIC16F877A is a 40 pin microcontroller manufactured by microchip
and is used in embedded projects. Microcontroller PIC16F877A maintains good input voltage. Then the
stable voltage is stored in microgrid for future purpose. Voltage stored in the grid is transmitted to
different loads like electric vehicles, DC homes etc,. through HVDC transmission lines.

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 HIGH VOLATAGE GAIN BOOST CONVERTER

REFERENCES
[1] P. K. Maroti, S. Padmanabhan, J. B. Holm-Nielsen., M. Sagar Bhaskar, M. Meraj and A. Iqbal, "A
New Structure of High Voltage Gain SEPIC Converter for Renewable Energy Applications," in IEEE
Access, vol. 7, pp. 89857-89868, 2019.
[2] J. Ahmed, A. Sarwar and M. Tariq., “A Cubic High Gain DC-DC Converter”, 202011018859 A,
Indian Patent, 2020.
[3] R. Hu, J. Zeng, J. Liu and E. Cheng., "A Non-Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter with High
Voltage Conversion Ratio Based on Coupled-Inductor and Switched-Capacitor," in IEEE Transactions on
Industrial Electronics, 2020

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HIGH VOLATAGE GAIN BOOST CONVERTER

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Page 5