Electronic Structure of Matter

BOHR’S MODEL
Electons circle thee nucleus in the same way that
planets orbit the sun.

The energy level that is closest to the nucleus has a

value of n= 1. Sometimes instead of using numbers, •s – Sharp
we use the letter K, L, M, etc. to represent the
numbers I, 2, 3, and so on. •p - Principal
•d - Diffuse
•f-Fundamental
• These are the names given to the groups of lines
that are noted originally in the spectra of the alkali
metals.

As the energy level increases, so does the number of
electrons that can fit into the shell. We can use a
formula to predict the maximum number of
electrons'A that can fit into an energy level.
Max # of electrons = 2n?
For example, the maximum number of electrons
that can occupy the 4th energy level is 2(5)2 =
2(25) = 50 electrons
Orbitals
Within each sublevel, there are orbitals. Thisis the
final location where electrons reside.
If 2 electrons occupy an orbital, they must spin in
opposite directions.
Each sublevel has a certain number of orbitals.
s sublevel = 1 orbital (2 electrons)
p sublevel = 3 orbitals (6 electrons)
d sublevel = 5 orbitals (10 electrons)
f sublevel = 7 orbitals (14 electrons)

Energy Sublevels
Within each energy level are sublevels.The
sublevels are labeled s, p, d, and f.You need to
memorize these 4 sublevels.
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