UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

AUTOMATIC WATER DISPENSER

MUHAMMAD AIMAN NURHAKIM BIN NAZRI (2018693162)

MUHAMAD IZRAN BIN WAZIH (2018800342)

DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

(POWER)

SUPERVISOR’S NAME: MADAM SHAKIRA AZEEHAN BT AZLI

JANUARY 2020-JULY 2020

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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................. 3
1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 3
1.1Problem Statement....................................................................................................................... 4
1.3Objective ....................................................................................................................................... 5
1.4Scope of Work .............................................................................................................................. 5
LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................................................................... 6
2.0 Theoretical Background ............................................................................................................. 6
Table 2.1: List of Example Related Project .................................................................................. 10
METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................... 14
3.0 Hardware Development ............................................................................................................ 14
3.1 Block Diagram........................................................................................................................... 15
3.2 Description of Component........................................................................................................ 16
3.3 Description of equipment ......................................................................................................... 20
3.4 Description of software ............................................................................................................. 21
3.5 Flowchart of system .................................................................................................................. 22
RESULT AND DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................... 23
4.0 Simulation Result ...................................................................................................................... 23
4.1 Discussion................................................................................................................................... 28
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ................................................................................ 29
5.0 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 29
5.1 Limitations ................................................................................................................................. 30
5.2 Improvement ............................................................................................................................. 30
5.2.1 Using LCD .............................................................................................................................. 30
5.2.2 Using Push Button.................................................................................................................. 31
5.2.3 Using Buzzer ........................................................................................................................... 31
5.2.4 Recommendation.................................................................................................................... 31
REFERENCE ...................................................................................................................................... 32
APPENDIX .......................................................................................................................................... 33

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.0 Introduction
Nowadays, water wastage one of the main problems that occurred in daily life. There are
a few initiatives to reduce problems. One of the main problems that cost the water wastage is
because of the water leakage or excessive water usage

Every house has a least one water dispenser that could be operated manually. There are
also some factories that main on producing water products by using tins and bottles .There are
a few of the factories that use automatic water dispenser for the production. This is because
Automatic water dispenser are more efficient than the present water dispenser. If we replace
all the normal water dispenser that uses a manual tap with an automated water dispenser that
opens and closes on each own automatically, not only we can save water but also have a
healthier since we don’t have to operate the tap with our dirty hands.

Thus, we propose the project named Automatic Water Dispenser using Arduino and
a Solenoid valve that the concept of motion sensor that automatically pour a fixed amount of
water when a glass is put near it.

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1.1Problem Statement
The present water dispensers are low efficiency and time costs. So, these disadvantages
can be improved by this project. As the former problem, it can be clearly seen that the drink
needs to be prepared manually. This also occurred in the factory than the main on producing
water products such as bottles and cans drink. So, it is time-consuming as the mass production
in a short time is needed to be improvised.
Furthermore, the cost of employee salary might be quite high as a large number of
employees required. So, this automatic water dispenser can increase the efficiency of the work
done better than a worker and it is also reduced the cost as the instalment and maintenance are
not that expensive.

Lastly, some people might accidentally cause a water wastage by excessive water spilling
when pouring the water. So, the automatic water dispenser will pour down a considerable
amount of water into a cup so water excessive spilling could be avoided.

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1.3Objective
The main objectives of this project are:

1. To create an automatic water dispenser using Arduino and solenoid valve.

2. To achieve the completion of designing in implementing of automatic water
dispenser.
3. To study the characteristics and importance of motor pump and censor.

1.4Scope of Work
The project will be developed by using the Arduino Uno board based on ATmega328.It
has 14 digital input/output pins in which 6 can be used as PWM output, a 16 MHz ceramic
resonator, an ICP header, a USB connection, 6 analog input, a power jack, and a reset button.
Next, Electric Solenoid Valve ½ 12V, A solenoid valve will be used to control the flow of
water, Which is when energized the water flow out and de-energized the water will be stopped.
Furthermore, The HCSR04 Ultra sonic sensor is used to check if an object such that the glass
is placed before the dispenser. Moreover, The IRF540 MOSFET is powered by n-channel and
used for very fast switching operations as well as for amplification processes. Then, there also
some resistors used for the current limiting purpose.

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 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Theoretical Background

Nowadays, there is a lot of projects involved in water savings to avoid some unexpected
water wastage. Maybe in someone’s opinion, the overall drop of water from a tap would not
consume much water. We should take note that if a drop of water once every second will take
5 hours to waste one gallon of water and its amount are enough for an average human to survive
for 2 days. There are some projects that can improve the normal daily water system with a
smart one using an automatic system.

Firstly, Automatic Water Dispenser using Arduino [1], this project has a 12V valve with
a current rating of 1.2A. The continuous current used when the valve is turned off is 700mA.
Next, the IRF540N N-Channel MOSFET used 3 pins gate, it used a 12V adapter to power
Arduino and control Solenoid. The MOSFET also used to Powered on or off the solenoid. The
Arduino will be programmed so the Ultrasonic Sensor can measure the distance of the object
and send a signal to turn on the MOSFET when the object is detected.

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 Secondly, the Automatic Hand Sanitizer Dispenser [2], this project consists of Arduino
Nano R3, Ultrasonic Sensor, and Servo Motor. The Arduino Nano will control the input and
output, it will receive information from the Ultrasonic Sensor and control the trigger of process
output from the Servo Motor. The Ultrasonic Sensor can detect any presence or object that set
at a certain distance from Arduino Nano. This acts as a switch as it will trigger a mechanical
arrangement in the circuit. The Servo motor will create a downwards vector force for
transmission as the circular force of the Servo Motor converted to a downwards acting force
vector to act as nozzle pusher.

Furthermore, there is also a project named Automatic Water Tank Filling System [3].
The Arduino will receive data from the Ultrasonic Sensor after sensing presence from the
distance and it will appear on the LCD. The ultrasonic works by measuring the distance of the
object and reflect back the Ultrasonic wave that reaches a certain object or presence. The data
will be processed by Arduino and trigger the relay as it acts as switch on and off for the system.
The relay will control the water pump system by turn it off or on. The relay used 220V AC
water pump switch control by Arduino will be turned on when there is no water present and
will turn off when the Ultrasonic Sensor detects the water at certain distances indicated that the
tank is full. By applying this, the level of water can be observed on the LCD.

Next, the is also a project named Automatic Water Level Controller [4]. This project is
functioning by using the Arduino UNO and Cayenne. When the water in the tank is less than
the amount that has been set, the cayenne app will display the level of water in the tank and
turn on the switches so the water can flow to fill the tank and switch off back when the tank is
full. That also goes to the source tank that used to fill the second tank. When the level of water
is low, the motor will not switch on to protects the motor from functioning to avoid the main
tank from drying. After that, there is some research done on a project name Water Level Meter
[5].

The concept is to use Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 to determine the depth of water by
receive and transmit the waves so the data can be sent to Arduino. The Arduino will determine
the range and processing the info also give output transmission over wifi by using component
ESP8266-01 by configured it at AT Commands. The ESP component connected to the access
point of the Web Server so the information regarding the water level can be observed there.
The specified IP of the ESP Module browsed will specify the water level.

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 Next, we focused on the project named as Fluid Level Indicator [6]. The sensing system
used is Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04, the Arduino UNO will receive data from the sensor and
triggering the system to give signal to the pump. The level of the liquid can be set in the code
so when the pump in the tank will automatically work when the pump receives signal and start
to pump out the water out of the tank until reaching the amount that has been set.

In this time, it’s a constructed project named as Automatic Water Tap [7]. The Ultrasonic
Sensor will transmit signal to the Arduino so the Solenoid valve will also receive corresponding
input to function automatically and precisely. The Solenoid Valve will only open or close when
the required voltage is available. There are 2 models of Solenoid Vale used in this project that
first function as example it will closed when there is no voltage supply and for the second one
the Solenoid Valve will normally open when there is absence of electricity.

The next project is Solar Water Tank Regulator [8]. This project used to measure the
incoming, outgoing and the level of the water in the tank. The Solenoid Valve functioning
when there is a change in the temperature detected by the digital thermometer. When the water
entering the tank is hotter than the water that going out. The tank will get hotter and the
Solenoid Valve will open. Tt have another function that is when the water that going out are
hotter than the water that coming in, the tank will get cooler so the Solenoid Valve will
automatically close. Basically, the Solenoid Valve will open in a daytime due to the hot
temperature and close during the night due to the lower temperature. The information of time
synchronization will be operated by ESP module and the system state will be operated by NTP.

There is also a project that used Arduino and Rotary Potentiometer named Shower
Regulator [9]. There is a switch component to control the running of the project. It is simply as
switching on the and the Solenoid Valve will open and the water will flow and also the opposite.
The water will be warm-up up to 20 seconds and the regulator will indicate a beep and 2 beeps
after it finished warm-up. The device will close the valve when the shower is completed, the
water and regulator can be turned off after continuous beep is indicated. Lastly, we research an
Aquarium Auto Refill with the Arduino project [10].

This project used the Robot Geek Pumping Station to refill the reservoir when the water
in the aquarium is drying up. This project packages this project shows how to use Robot Geek
a small liquid pump and using Arduino to operate the pump. This project also uses a relay to
turn on and off the power supply automatically. The Seed Water Level Switch will detect the
presence of the water on its surface and if there is no water presence it will switch on the relay

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so the water will be pump by Pumping Station until it reaches the Seed Water Level Switch
and the relay will turn off so the water will stop being a pump.

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 Table 2.1: List of Example Related Project
No Tittle Author Concept Main Component Design
1 Automatic Aswinth When there are Arduino Uno,
Water Raj any object out HCSR04-
Dispenser under the Ultrasonic Sensor,
dispenser. The IRF540 MOSFET
Ultrasonic Sensor
will detect the
object and send
the information to
Arduino UNO so
the solenoid valve
will used to
control the flow
of water. When
the Ultrasonic
Sensor detect that
the amount of
water filled is
enough. The
solenoid valve
will automatically
stop the flow of
water.
2 Hand Akshay The Ultrasonic Arduino Nano R3,
Sanitizer Joseph Sensor will sense HC-SR04
Dispenser a presence a Ultrasonic Sensor,
certain distance Robot Servo MF-
and act as a 06, Servo Motor
trigger to switch
on/off this
system. The
Servo motor will
control the
motion of output
by create a force
to push the nozzle
down and
dispense the
liquid.
3 Automatic Eka The switch will Relay SRD-
Water Cahya turn on 05VDC-SL-C,
Tank Prima automatically Arduino Uno,
Filling when, the height LCD, Ultrasonic
Sytem is measured is Sensor HC-SR04,
100cm and LCD
higher. The
switch will also
turn off when the

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 sensor cannot
detect the range
that have been set
such as height of
20cm because the
Ultrasonic Sensor
is mounted on top
of the water tank.

4 Automatic Timothy The Ultrasonic Arduino UNO, HC-

Water Becker Sensor HC-SR07 SR07, Relay,
Level will sends the ULN2003
Controller sound waves on
the surface of the
water and detects
the range of
reflection. This
reflection range
information will
be sending the
signal pulse to the
Arduino UNO.
The
microcontroller
will read the time
between the wave
to calculate the
distance of the
water surface and
the sensor.
5 Water Akshay This project is Arduino Micro,
Level Joseph used to have the Genuino Micro,
Meter capability of Espressif ESP8266,
checking the level Ultrasonic Sensor
of water and send HC-SR04
the data over
WiFi. Ultrasonic
Sensor will
calculate the
distance by
transmitting and
receiving the
wave.

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6 Fluid Timothy The Ultrasonic Arduino UNO,
Level Becker Sensor will Genuino Uno,
Indicator trigger the Ultrasonic Sensor
Arduino Uno HC-SR04
when sound wave
transmitted is
bounce back from
the fluid level and
can determine the
depth of the
liquid by
calculating the
distance.
7 Automatic Akshay This project Arduino UNO,
Water Joseph mainly about the Genuino UNO,
Tap tap that will be Solenoid Valve TP-
automatically turn 120
on or turn off.
The Solenoid
Valve will
operate the water
tap. The distance
of the Ultrasonic
Sensor will sense
is set so the
solenoid valve
will automatically
turn on the water
tap and the water
will start flow.
8 Solar Jeremy This project Arduino UNO,
Water Huston, mainly on Genuino UNO,
Tank Kyle controlling the DS18B20 digital
Regulator Wilsom turn on and off of thermometer,
the solenoid valve Espresif ESP8266
depends on the ESP-12E
temperature and
also depends on
day and time.

9 Shower Adrian When the device Arduino 101,

Regulator Tyson is powered off the Adafruit RGB
solenoid valve LCD, MOSFET N-
will close and Channel, Rotary
there will be no Potentiometer.
water flow and if
the device is
powered on, the

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 solenoid valve
will open at

10 Aquarium Wade This project is RobotGeek

Auto- Filewich functioning by Geekduino,
Refill automatically Arduino UNO,
refill the water Sensor Shield, LED
reservoir in the Driver, Seeed
tank avoid it from Water Level Switch
getting too low.
This project is
operation by
using Arduino as
the main
controller and
using relay as a
switch.

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 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.0 Hardware Development

This part will explain about the block diagram, description of the System Diagram, the
main components, schematic diagram, Printed Circuit Board (PCB) layout, fabrication,
components assembly on the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) and Bill of material.

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3.1 Block Diagram
In this project, Arduino Uno was used as a microcontroller and the input was Battery and
HCSR04 Ultrasonic Sensor. Next, for the output is a solenoid valve which is a 12V valve with
a maximum current rating of 1.2A and a continuous current rating of 700mA. As we know an
Arduino is a development board that operates with 5V and hence we need a switching driver
circuit for the solenoid to turn it on and off. Therefore, we used IRF540N N-Channel MOSFET
to turn it on or off. Besides, the LED-RED is used as output as a notification indicator. Figure
3.1 shows the block diagram of the Truth Table Quiz Board.

INPUT MICROCONTROLLER OUTPUT

Electronic

Solenoid
Figure 1: The
Block Diagram
Valve ½
12V

HCSR04

Ultrasonic Arduino Uno

LED
Sensor

IRF540

MOSFET

N-
channel

Figure 3.1: Block Diagram

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3.2 Description of Component
The main component in the Automatic water dispenser is Arduino Uno as the
microcontroller. It is also the main brain of this project. Arduino UNO is used because the
board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that can be interfaced
with different expansion boards (shields) and other circuits. The board has 14 digital I/O pins
(six capable of PWM output), 6 Analog I/O pins, and can be programmed with the Arduino
IDE (Integrated Development Environment) via a USB type B cable.

Figure 3.2: Arduino UNO

Next, the main components are the Ultrasonic Sensor. Ultrasonic sensors are devices that
generate or senses ultrasonic energy. They are divisible into three broad categories:
transmitters, receivers, and transceivers. Transmitters translate electrical signals into
ultrasound, receivers convert ultrasound into electrical signals, and transceivers can send
ultrasound as well as receive it. The purpose of the Ultrasonic Sensor is used as detection. Next
in this project, Ultrasonic Sensor is powered by the +5V and ground pins of the Arduino. The
Echo and Trigger pin is connected to pin 8 and pin 9 respectively. We can then program the
Arduino to use the Ultrasonic sensor to measure the distance and turn on the MOSFET when
an object is detected.

Figure 3.3: Ultrasonic Sensor

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 Solenoid valve shown in the figure below was used to control the flow of water, which
is when energised the water will flow out and when de-energized the water will be stopped. So
we will write an Arduino program which always checks if any object is placed near the tap, if
yes then the solenoid will be turned on and wait till the object is removed, once the object is
removed the solenoid will turn off automatically thus closing the supply of water. Solenoid
valves are the most frequently used control elements in fluids. Therefore, the components will
be used to control the flow of water. In this project, the solenoid valve used is a 12V valve with
a maximum current rate of 1.2A and a continuous current rate of 700mA. It will consume about
700mA when the valve is turned on to keep the valve turned on. As we know that an Arduino
is a 5V development device, so we need a switching driver circuit to turn it on and off for the
Solenoid.

Figure 3.4: Solenoid Valve

The IRF540N N-Channel MOSFET is the switching device used in this project. It is
basically an N-Channel power Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) and
operates in enhancement mode. MOSFET is a lot sensitive in comparison to a FET (Field
Effect Transistor) due to its very high input impedance. IRF540 can perform very fast
switching as compared to the normal transistor. It is based on HEXFET technology and
operates on the temperature ranging from -55 degrees Celsius to 175 degrees Celsius. If we
need some switching application between different signals or to perform any amplification
process, MOSFET IRF540 will be the best option in this case because it can perform very fast
switching as compared to the similar general transistors. It has a very wide range of applications
in real life e.g. high power switching drivers for high speed, switching regulators, relay drivers,
switching converters, motor drivers.

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 Figure 3.5: IRF540N N-Channel MOSFET

The resistor is used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltage, bias
active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other users. When building the
Arduino project, resistors will be used to limit the amount of current going to certain
components in the circuit, such as LEDs and integrated circuits. In this project. we were used
10k and 1k resistor to put at the gate pin.

Figure 3.6: Resistor

Lastly, Light Emitting Diode (LED) are also use in this project as the output. We will
use the on board LED connected to pin 13 and toggle it along with the MOSFET so that we
can use ensure if the MOSFET is it turned on or off state.

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 Figure 3.7: Light Emitting Diode (LED)

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3.3 Description of equipment
Next, the breadboard is a constructive base for prototyping of electronics. This also the
main equipment for do the connection between components using wires. The solderless
breadboard dost not require soldering. Therefore, this makes it easy to use for creating
temporary prototypes and experimenting with circuit design.

Figure 3.8: Breadboard

A jump wire is an electrical wire with a connector or pins at each end, which is normally
used to interconnect the components of a breadboard or other prototypes or test circuit,
internally or with other equipment or components, without soldering.

Figure 3.9: Jump Wire

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3.4 Description of software
The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a cross-platform application
that is written in function from C and C++. To run our project, we had to code and place it in
the Arduino for them to run. Therefore we need the Arduino IDE to insert the coding into the
Arduino UNO. The Arduino IDE is very important to this project as each component is running
through UNO Arduino readings.

Figure 4.0: Arduino IDE

The Proteus Design Suite is a proprietary software tool suite used primarily for electronic
design automation. This software is design to create schematics and electronic prints for
manufacturing printed circuits boards. In this project, we used this software to design our
project before apply it. Any problems or arrangements we will fix using this software.

Figure 4.1: Proteus Design Suite

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3.5 Flowchart of system
The concept behind the Automatic water dispenser is very simple. We'll use an HCSR04
Ultrasonic Sensor to test whether any item is put in front of the dispenser. The flow of water
will be controlled by a solenoid valve, which is when energized the water will flow out and the
water will be stopped when de-energized. So we're going to write an Arduino program which
will always check if an object is placed near the tap, if yes then the solenoid will be turned on
and wait until the object is removed, once the object is removed the solenoid will automatically
switch off, thus closing the water supply.

START
START

The cup is place near the The cup is place far from
Ultrasonic sensor the Ultrasonic sensor

Ultrasonic sensor tells to Arduino

there is glass in front of it or there is
no glass in front of it.

Arduino will read and

will trigger the valve

The diode is on
The solenoid is close and water
can’t flows down

The solenoid is open and

water flows down

End

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 CHAPTER 4

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.0 Simulation Result

For the simulation result, as we can see from figure 4.1 this is the complete circuit of
the project before starting. For information the button 1 is Ultrasonic sensor we replace it by
using button 1 because my Proteus software does not provide the Library for Ultrasonic sensor,
the solenoid valve is also being replaced by button 2. For explanation, first Arduino UNO is
the microcontroller that worked as the main brain of this project, all the component that
connected to the Arduino UNO is controlled by Arduino UNO with the help of the code
program. Thus, before starting the simulation the code program must be written in Arduino
UNO using Arduino IDE software to work.

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 Figure 4.1: Arduino UNO

Secondly, Ultrasonic also played a big part in this project. As we can see form figure 4.2 the
pin Echo and Trigger are connected to pin 8 and 9, the other pin connected to power supply
and ground. The function of the ultrasonic sensor is to detect the nearby object and the signal
will be sent to Arduino UNO to read and to react.

Figure 4.2: Ultrasonic sensor

Next, after Arduino reads and to react the signal, the signal will be sent to the related
components. The related component is a solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is working as the
flow of the water, the flow of the water will be opened and closed by the solenoid valve. For
connection, the positive terminal of the solenoid valve will be connected to the ground through
MOSFET while the negative terminal connected to the power source.

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 Figure 4.3: Solenoid Valve.

As we know an Arduino is a Development board that operates with 5V and hence we need
a switching driver circuit for the Solenoid to turn it on and off. Thus, we need an IRF540N N-
Channel MOSFET working as a switching driver. The positive terminal of the solenoid is
powered with the Vin pin of the Arduino. Because we are going to use a 12V adapter to power
the Arduino and therefore the Vin pin is going to output 12V which can be used to control the
Solenoid. The solenoid negative terminal is connected to the ground through Source and Drain
pins from the MOSFET. So the solenoid will only be powered by turning on the MOSFET.
The MOSFET Gate Pin is used to switch it on or off. When the gate pin is grounded it will stay
off and will turn on when a gate voltage is applied. The gate pin is pulled to ground via a 10k
resistor to hold the MOSFET switched off when no voltage is applied to the gate pin. The
Arduino pin 12 is used to turn the MOSFET on or off so that the D12 pin is connected through
a 1 K resistor to the gate pin. This 1 K resistor is used for limiting current purposes.

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 Figure 4.4: IRF540N N-Channel MOSFET
Besides that, we will also use the on board LED connected to pin 13 and toggle it along with
the MOSFET so that we can ensure if the MOSFET is in turned on or off state.

Figure 4.5: LED-BLUE

Lastly, After we connected all components to the exact place. The simulation will be like figure
4.6. After we write the code program and include it at the Arduino UNO, the simulation can
start. The simulation will be like figure 4.7, the connection is all complete and working. But
because the Ultrasonic sensor and solenoid valve are missing the complete simulation result is
cannot be shown. In conclusion the result simulation is failed to complete, because of the
missing component. Because of the missing component, we failed to prove the result. Therefore
for the next Final Year Project 2, we can assure that the simulation will be complete with using
the right tool.

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 Figure 4.6: Simulation

Figure 4.7: Simulation

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4.1 Discussion
The Smart Automatic Water Dispenser is used as the design of this project. The
Automatic Water Dispenser will be widely used and can replaced some old Manual Water
Dispenser. This situation can be concluded as we are currently in a global pandemic. So, there
are a lot of Smart Project that utilize motion sensor and automatic system to avoid touch from
an object and so it can prevent us from spreading this pandemic. The Smart Automatic Water
Dispenser project in this project is using Arduino UNO as system controller, the HCSR04
Ultrasonic Motion Sensor and Solenoid Valve to control the water flow.

For this project, the component, Solenoid Valve that used in this project have a 12V
valve with maximum current of 1.2A and used a continuous current of 700 mA. The Arduino
UNO microcontroller will be the main component of the project that is used to switch the
Solenoid Valve to on and off. The component IRF540N N-Channel MOSFET will be used in
this project. The component has 3 pins Gate, Source and Drain from the pin 1. The Vin pin
from the Arduino UNO is connected to the positive terminal of the Solenoid Valve which has
an output of 12V. The Solenoid negative terminal directly connected to the ground and run
through N-Channel MOSFET Source and Drain pins. When the N-Channel MOSFET is turned
on, the solenoid will be powered on. The gate pin is connected to the ground through the 10k
Resistor to keep the N-Channel MOSFET turned off when there is voltage applied.

Besides that, the HCSR04 Ultrasonic Sensor is functioning to detect a motion of an

object such as glass when being put before the dispenser. The HCSR04 Ultrasonic Sensor will
sense a presence of certain distance of the object and will act as a trigger to switch on or off
the solenoid valve. This component working concept is by sending the sound waves on the
surface of an object and detects the range of the reflection. The distance information signal will
be sent to Arduino UNO to calculate the distance by read the time and distance travel between
the object surface and the motion sensor. When the Solenoid Valve is open, the water will flow
out certain limit distance that has been code in the Arduino UNO avoid the excessive spill of
water. When the sensor detects the water that been filled reach certain distance, it will send
information to the Arduino UNO to close the Solenoid Valve. But in the schematic diagram,
we replace the HCRS04 Ultrasonic Sensor with a normal switch button to act as switch to run
on or off for the project as its easier to for the simulation to run normal.

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 CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.0 Conclusion
The Smart Automatic Water Dispenser was concluded to be able to improve the clean
and healthy daily life nowadays. The project’s main concern is to adapt to our new daily
lifestyle after the world virus pandemic outbreak. This project is beneficial as the Automatic
Smart Water Dispenser will avoid unnecessary touch from different people when it was put on
public. This project will attract people’s attention to creating a new project of having Smart
Automatic System to create better technology for our future.

Furthermore, this project will also bring many benefits as it will help people to avoid
wastage of water. This can be seen when the Smart Automatic Water Dispenser has a limit of
water flow so excess water will not be spilled. This may not look very much important, but we
can imagine if the Manual Water Dispenser dripped a drop of water for straight five hours it
will waste one gallon of water. So, it undoubtedly can replace the usage of the old Water
Dispenser System.

Besides, the Smart Automatic Water Dispenser can be applied to a larger concept to
ease a certain factory based on water package production. This is sure will avoid water wastage

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and save a cost and time by operating Smart Automatic Water Dispenser. For example, this
project and production machine will be used to fill a bottle of water to a certain amount already
been set. By saving the time of production, the factory will be able to fulfil the demand easily

Lastly, in this project, the student will able to understand how to use the Proteus app and
also learn about the C programming language. The students also understand the working
concepts for the main component of Arduino UNO, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor, and Solenoid
Valve. Lastly, the student will able to construct a project based on using the microcontroller
Arduino UNO and simulate the program by using the Proteus Software.

5.1 Limitations
The project of this Smart Automatic Water Dispenser system can be run smoothly this
time. However, there will always be certain limitations that can be pointed out in this project.
Firstly, in the simulation, the system can simulate the usage of the HCSR04 Ultrasonic Sensor.
So, we could replace the Ultrasonic Sensor with normal push-button to indicate it as input when
it turns on so the simulation could run smoothly.

5.2 Improvement

5.2.1 Using LCD

By using LCD, we could set up the coding so the Arduino UNO can determine the
volume of the water that will pour on a certain size of the glass. So, the LCD is used to indicate
the percentage of water pouring progress to avoid the user mistakenly think that the Water
Dispenser is broken as it cannot pour down more water.

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5.2.2 Using Push Button
In this project, the student also takes some precautions in limitation usage of electricity.
So, the system also could provide the push button so it can function manually when there is no
blockage of electricity flow or when the components system is breakdown. This button working
concept is a little different from the water tap system as it will control the flow of the water.
When the button is tapped the water will flow out normally and it will stop when the button is
pushed again.

5.2.3 Using Buzzer

Some people that will use this project could inevitably put the glass at the Water
Dispenser and tend to forget to pick it up. So, the usage of the buzzer will be set up by the
Microcontroller so when the system stop pouring the water, the buzzer will immediately sound
to remind the user to take the water immediately. So this could prevent water wastage as the
water could be avoided from being thrown.

5.2.4 Recommendation
This Smart Automatic Water Dispenser project has been run smoothly, but there will be
a lot of room for improvement and recommendation that can be applied to improve our project
further performance. The improvement and recommendations can be applied to this project
when the same concept of project will be created in the future.

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 REFERENCE

4.4 Reference

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadboard
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jump_wire
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino_IDE
4. https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/arduino-automatic-water-dispenser
5. https://www.theengineeringprojects.com/2017/06/introduction-to-irf540.html
6. https://www.electronicslovers.com/2018/02/home-made-automatic-water-dispensing-
wash-basin-by-using-arduino.html
7. https://www.instructables.com/id/Automatic-Arduino-Water-Dispenser/
8. https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/arduino-automatic-water-dispenser
9. https://project.cytron.io/project/119/automatic-water-dispenser-using-arduino
10. https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/arduino-automatic-water-dispenser
11. https://duino4projects.com/automatic-water-dispenser-using-arduino/
12. https://www.avnet.com/wps/portal/abacus/resources/article/pir-and-ultrasonic-
sensors-whats-the-difference-and-how-do-they-work/
13. https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-differences-between-a-relay-and-solenoid

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 APPENDIX

APPENDIX A (SOURCE CODE)

#define trigger 9
#define echo 8
#define LED 13
#define MOSFET 12

float time=0,distance=0;

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);

pinMode(trigger,OUTPUT);
pinMode(echo,INPUT);
pinMode(LED,OUTPUT);
pinMode(MOSFET,OUTPUT);

delay(2000);
}

void loop()
{
measure_distance();

if(distance<10)
{
digitalWrite(LED,HIGH);digitalWrite(MOSFET,HIGH);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(LED,LOW);digitalWrite(MOSFET,LOW);
}

delay(500);
}

void measure_distance()
{
digitalWrite(trigger,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigger,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigger,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
time=pulseIn(echo,HIGH);

distance=time*340/20000;
}

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Month March April May June

Progress W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4

Project DIscussion

Information
seeking

Project proposal

Proteus workshop

Arduino
workshop

Presentation
proparation

FYP presentation

Report
preparation

Submit
submission

APPENDIX B (GANT CHART)

Progress of 1 semester for final year project 1 on January 2020 to July 2020

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