THERMOCHEMISTRY CONCEPTS

SPONTANEOUS THREE LAWS OF

THERMODYNAMICS FREE ENERGY ENTHALPY ENTROPY
PROCESSES THERMOCHEMISTRY

Law 1: Energy is neither

created nor destroyed, it
is only transformed.
Law 2: The entropy of an
A measure of the
Measurement of the Measurement of the isolated system always
energy that is Processes that occur
energy of a system at dispersion of energy in increases.
DEFINITION available to do work in naturally without the need
constant pressure. a system. Law 3: The entropy of a
a system. for external intervention.


system tends to zero as

its temperature
approaches absolute
zero.

They do not have specific They do not have specific

UNITS KJ/mol KJ/mol J/K
units. units.

There are no specific

FORMULAS/MATRICES G = H - TS H = U + PV ΔS = Q/T ΔG < 0
formulas.

An example is wood
The energy available in Heat released in a Disorder in a system that The oxidation of iron in the combustion, in which the
EXAMPLE a battery to drive an chemical reaction at increases in an presence of oxygen at chemical energy of wood is
electric motor. constant pressure. irreversible reaction. room temperature. converted into thermal
energy.