Engineering and Technology Division

UST Industrial Maintenance

First term: Basic Chemistry

Unit 3 Theoretical and Practical Exercises Workbook

Group:

Team members: Torres Orocio Bryan Gerardo

1. The aqueous solutions of three compounds are shown in the diagram.

Identify each compound as a nonelectrolyte, a weak electrolyte, and a
strong electrolyte:

Strong electrolyte nonelectrolyte Weak electrolyte

2. Which of the following diagrams best represents the hydration of NaCl

when dissolved in water? The Cl- ion is larger in size than the Na+ ion.
3. Two aqueous solutions of AgNO3 and NaCl are mixed. Which of the
following diagrams best represents the mixture?

4. Two aqueous solutions of KOH and MgCl2 are mixed. Which of the
following diagrams best represents the mixture?
5. Characterize the following compounds as soluble or insoluble in water:
(a) CaCO3 Insoluble

(b) ZnSO4 soluble

(c) Hg(NO3)2 soluble

(d) HgSO4 insoluble
(e) NH4ClO4 soluble

6. Describe how you would prepare 250 mL of a 0.707 M NaNO 3 solution.

To obtain a solution of 250 ml of solution having a concentration of 0.707 M
a certain amount of solute ( NaNO3) is dissolved in the amount of solution
using the conversion factors, as follows :

Solution = 250 ml * 1L/ 1000 ml = 0.25 L sol

Molarity = M = 0.707 M

NaNO3 ⇒ Pm = 85 g/mol

0.25 L sol * 0.707 moles sto / 1 L sol * 85 g sto / 1mol sto = 15.02 g sto
( NaNO3)

To prepare 250 ml of NaNO3 solution at 0.707 M, 15.02 g of solute is

dissolved in this amount of solution.

7. How many grams of KOH are present in 35.0 mL of a 5.50 M solution?

35.0 mL= 0,035 L K= 39

5.50 M= 5.50 mol/L 0= 16
H= 1

mol g
m ( KOH )=5 . 50 ×0. 035 l×(39+16+ 1) = 10.78 g
L mol

8. Calculate the molarity of each of the following solutions: (a) 6.57 g of

methanol (CH3OH) in 1.50 3 102 mL of solution, (b) 10.4 g of calcium
chloride (CaCl2) in 2.20 3 102 mL of solution, (c) 7.82 g of naphthalene
(C10H8) in 85.2 mL of benzene solution.
9. Calculate the volume in mL of a solution required to provide the
following: (a) 2.14 g of sodium chloride from a 0.270 M solution, (b) 4.30
g of ethanol from a 1.50 M solution, (c) 0.85 g of acetic acid (CH 3COOH)
from a 0.30 M solution.
10. Calculate the amount of water (in grams) that must be added to (a) 5.00
g of urea (NH2)2CO in the preparation of a 16.2 percent by mass
solution, and (b) 26.2 g of MgCl 2 in the preparation of a 1.5 percent by
mass solution.
11. Calculate the molalities of the following aqueous solutions: (a) 1.22 M
sugar (C12H22O11) solution (density of solution 5 1.12 g/mL), (b) 0.87 M
NaOH solution (density of solution 5 1.04 g/mL), (c) 5.24 M NaHCO 3
solution (density of solution 5 1.19 g/mL).
12. The density of an aqueous solution containing 10.0 percent of ethanol
(C2H5OH) by mass is 0.984 g/mL. (a) Calculate the molality of this
solution. (b) Calculate its molarity. (c) What volume of the solution
would contain 0.125 mole of ethanol?
13. What is meant by the rate of a chemical reaction? What are the units
of the rate of a reaction?
14. On which of the following properties does the rate constant of a
reaction depend? (a) reactant concentrations, (b) nature of reactants,
(c) temperature
15. The rate law for the reaction

is given by rate = k[NH4+][NO2-]. At 25°C, the rate constant is

3.0x1024/M·s. Calculate the rate of the reaction at this temperature if
[NH4+] = 0.26 M and [NO2-] = 0.080 M.
16. Consider the reaction

From the following data obtained at a certain temperature, determine

the order of the reaction and calculate the rate constant:
17. Write the Arrhenius equation and define all terms.
18. What do we mean by the mechanism of a reaction? What is an
elementary step? What is the molecularity of a reaction?
19. How does a catalyst increase the rate of a reaction?
20.The concentrations of enzymes in cells are usually quite small. What is
the biological signifi cance of this fact?