CONDITIONAL

SENTENCE
Arranged By:

MUHAMMAD ALAUDDIN NUR

 01
DEFINITION
Conditional Sentence
Conditional sentence are used to speculate
about what could happen, what might have
happen, and what wish would happen. In
English, most sentences using the conditional
contain the word if.
Many conditional forms in English are used in sentences that
include verbs in one of the past tenses. This usage is referred
to as “the unreal past” because we use a past tense but we are
not actually referring to something that happened in the past.
 02
STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE
The order of the two clauses is flexible, it’s not important.
But if the if-clause comes first, it must be followed by a comma (,).

Example :
If it rains, I’ll stay at home.
I’ll stay at home if it rains.
 03
TYPES
 4 Types of Conditional Sentence

Type 0 0 1 Type 1
(General Truth) (Future Possibility)

Type 2 2 3 Type 3
(Present Unreal) (Past Unreal)
 TYPE 0
(Zero Conditional)
TYPE 0 (GENERAL TRUTHS)
 TYPE 0 (GENERAL TRUTHS)
THE USE :
1. Talk about universal truth.
Example : If you heat ice, it turns to water.
2. To talk about habits
Example : If I see a spider, I get very scared.
 TYPE 1
(Future Possibility)
TYPE 1 (FUTURE POSSIBILITY)
 TYPE 1 (FUTURE POSSIBILITY)
THE USE :
1. To speak about possible or probable future events.
Example : If tomorrow the weather is as sunny as today, we will go surfing.
2. To make promises or warnings
Example : If you forget my birthday, I’ll never speak to you again.
3. To give commands
Example : If you rest, you will feel better!
TYPE 1 (FUTURE POSSIBILITY)
TYPE 1 (FUTURE POSSIBILITY)
FACT
Type 1 = (S+may+ V1) OR (S+ to be + possible + to+ V1)
If I go to my friend's house tonight, I will take some flowers.
FACT: I may take some flowers from my friend’s house.

If I have a day off from work, I will go to the beach.

FACT: I may go to the beach in my free time.

If the weather is nice tomorrow, she will go to my house.

FACT: She is possible to go to my house tomorrow.

I will give him money if I am a banker.

FACT: I am possible to give him money (because I am a banker).

I will eat instant noodle if the food is not delicious.

FACT: I may eat instant noodle because the food is not delicious.
 TYPE 2
(Future Possibility)
TYPE 2 (PRESENT UNREAL)
 TYPE 2 (PRESENT UNREAL)
THE USE :
1. To speak about present and future situations which are impossible or unlikely to happen.
Example : If I had enough money, I would buy an hotel.
(the sentence refers to the future)

2. To talk about impossible present situations.

Example : If I were you, I would study hard.
If I were Iron man, I would fly to the moon.

Notes : Were is often used instead of was in the 1st and 3rd person singular.
TYPE 2 (PRESENT UNREAL)
TYPE 2 (PRESENT UNREAL)
FACT
Type 2 = do/does, don’t/doesn’t (verbal sentence) OR am/is/are (nominal)
VERBAL SENTENCE
If I had a day off now, I would go to the beach.
FACT: I don't have a day off from work so I don’t go to the beach / I don't
have a day off from work.

I am busy next week. If I had enough time, I would come to your party.
FACT: I don’t have enough time so I can't come to your party.

Jerry would help me with my homework next week if he didn't have to work.
FACT: He does have to work next week

NOMINAL SENTENCE
If he were a captain America, he would kill Thanos.
FACT: He is not a captain America.
 TYPE 3
(Past Unreal)
TYPE 3 (PAST UNREAL)
THE USE :
TYPE 3 (PAST UNREAL)
1. To speak about impossible past events
Example : If they’d gone by bus, they would have arrived much later.

2. We use the Third Conditional to talk about unreal situations in the past
and to imagine things that did not happen.
Example : If I had given her a bundle of flower, she would have loved me.
TYPE 3 (PAST UNREAL)
TYPE 3 (PAST UNREAL)
FACT
Type 2 = did/didn’t (verbal sentence) OR was/were (nominal sentence)
VERBAL SENTENCE

If I had studied harder, I would have passed the medical faculty.

FACT: I didn’t study harder, so I didn’t pass the medical faculty.

If you hadn’t warned me, I would have stepped into a trap.

FACT: You did warn me, so I didn’t step into a trap.

NOMINAL SENTENCE
If I had been a doctor, I would have healed my grandma.
FACT: I wasn’t a doctor, So I didn’t heal my grandma.

I would not have passed the test if I had been a stupid student.
FACT: I was not stupid student, so I passed the test. (I was a clever student)
 03
Additional
 Other Connectors
• UNLESS (if...... not)
Unless can replace If in negative conditionals.
Eg : - If you don’t call John, he’ll get very angry.
- Unless you call John, he’ll get very angry.

• EVEN IF
Eg : I won’t go to the party even if they beg me.

• IN CASE
Eg : Take an umbrella in case it rains.
SIMPLE FORMULA
SIMPLE FORMULA
Thanks