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INTERPRETING

PRACTICE 1
WEEK 3: SYNONYMS AND COLLOCATIONS
BY NGUYEN HUONG TRAM ANH, M.A.
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, HANOI UNIVERSITY
SYNONYMS

• Synonyms are words that are similar, or have a • E.g.:


related meaning, to another word.
• Synonyms can be lifesavers when:
• you want to avoid repeating the same word over and
over. • Che (v) = cover, conceal, hide, mask
• the word you have in mind might not be the most
appropriate word, which is why finding the
right synonym can come in handy.
SYNONYMS

Be careful with: E.g.:


• Polysemy: a word form carries more than one • Man
meaning • The human species (i.e., man vs. other organisms)
• Males of the human species (i.e., man vs. woman)
• Adult males of the human species (i.e., man vs. boy)

•  "to get"
• "procure" (I'll get the drinks),
• "become" (she got scared),
• "understand" (I get it) 
SYNONYMS

Be careful with: E.g.:


• Denotation and Connotation: • Blue
• Denotation is the strict dictionary meaning of a • denotation = the color blue (The blueberry is very
word. blue)
• Connotation is the emotional and imaginative • connotation = sad (Susie is very blue.)
association surrounding a word.
COLLOCATIONS

• Collocations are words that go natural English... unnatural


English...
together naturally in English.
the fast train the quick train
• In English, a collocation is two or
fast food quick food
more words that go together
a quick shower a fast shower
naturally.
a quick meal a fast meal
COLLOCATIONS

• Collocations are words that go Translate these words:


together naturally in English. • Tóc vàng: Blond har or Yellow hair?

• In English, a collocation is two or • Kết bạn: Get friends or Make friends?

more words that go together • Chụp ảnh: Take a picture or Make a


naturally. picture?
COLLOCATIONS

• Collocations are words that go together naturally


in English.
• In English, a collocation is two or
more words that go together naturally.
COLLOCATIONS
7 MAIN TYPES OF COLLOCATION 
1. adverb + adjective
• Invading that country was an utterly stupid thing to do.
• Xâm lược đất nước đó là một điều hoàn toàn ngu ngốc.

• We entered a richly decorated room.


• Chúng tôi bước vào một căn phòng được trang trí lộng lẫy.

• Are you fully aware of the implications of your action?


• Bạn có nhận thức được hết về ý nghĩa của hành động của mình không?
COLLOCATIONS
7 MAIN TYPES OF COLLOCATION 
2. adjective + noun
• The doctor ordered him to take regular exercise.
• Bác sĩ yêu cầu anh phải tập thể dục thường xuyên.

• The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage.


• Tàu Titanic bị chìm trong chuyến hành trình đầu tiên.

• He was writhing on the ground in excruciating pain.


• Anh ta đang quằn quại trên mặt đất vì đau đớn tột độ.
COLLOCATIONS
7 MAIN TYPES OF COLLOCATION 
3. noun + noun
• Let's give Mr. Jones a round of applause.
• Hãy cho ông Jones một tràng pháo tay.

• The ceasefire agreement came into effect at 11am.


• Thỏa thuận ngừng bắn có hiệu lực vào lúc 11 giờ sáng.

• I'd like to buy two bars of soap please.


• Tôi muốn mua hai bánh xà phòng.
COLLOCATIONS
7 MAIN TYPES OF COLLOCATION 
4. noun + verb
• The lion started to roar when it heard the dog barking.
• Con sư tử bắt đầu gầm lên khi nghe thấy tiếng chó sủa.

• Snow was falling as our plane took off.


• Tuyết rơi khi máy bay của chúng tôi cất cánh.

• The bomb went off when he started the car engine.


• Quả bom nổ khi anh ta nổ máy xe.
COLLOCATIONS
7 MAIN TYPES OF COLLOCATION 
5. verb + noun
• The prisoner was hanged for committing murder.
• Tù nhân bị treo cổ vì tội giết người.

• I always try to do my homework in the morning, after making my bed.


• Tôi luôn cố gắng làm bài tập vào buổi sáng, sau khi dọn giường.

• He has been asked to give a presentation about his work.


• Anh ấy đã được yêu cầu thuyết trình về công việc của mình.
COLLOCATIONS
7 MAIN TYPES OF COLLOCATION 
6. verb + expression with preposition
• We had to return home because we had run out of money.
• Chúng tôi phải trở về nhà vì hết tiền.

• At first her eyes filled with horror, and then she burst into tears.
• Lúc đầu, đôi mắt cô ấy đầy kinh hoàng, sau đó cô ấy bật khóc.

• Their behavior was enough to drive anybody to crime.


• Hành vi của họ đủ để khiến bất kỳ ai phạm tội.
COLLOCATIONS
7 MAIN TYPES OF COLLOCATION 
7. verb + adverb
• She placed her keys gently on the table and sat down.
• Cô nhẹ nhàng đặt chìa khóa của mình xuống bàn và ngồi xuống.

• Mary whispered softly in John's ear.


• Mary thì thầm vào tai John.

• I vaguely remember that it was growing dark when we left.


• Tôi mơ hồ nhớ rằng trời tối dần khi chúng tôi rời đi.
PRACTICE 1:
SYNONYMS
Translate these
sentences into
english. Pay
attention to the
underlined words
(20 minutes)
PRACTICE 2:
SYNONYMS
Find the
synonyms for the
italic words
(15 mins)
PRACTICE 3:
COLLOCATIONS
Find the collocations.
Explain their
meanings and
translate the sentences
into Vietnamese. (20
mins)
HOMEWORD: SLEEP ROUTINE

• Listen to a text about Sleep Routine. Take notes and translate the text into
Vietnamese

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