OPERATING ROOM

INSTRUMENTS
 Cutting and Dissecting
These instruments usually have sharp
edges or tips to cut through skin, tissue
and suture material. Surgeons need to
cut and dissect tissue to explore irregular
growths and to remove dangerous or
damaged tissue. These instruments
have single or double razor-sharp edges
or blades.
 MAYO CURVE

Used to cut the ligatures or other suture material

during operation by the assistant surgeon or
scrub nurse, it is also used to cut the tissues and
internal organs so that adjacent tissues are
protected while using it. Can also use to do the
episiotomy in second stage of labor without
causing damage to the surrounding tissues in the
perineum.
 MAYO STRAIGHT

Used for cutting the ligatures and sutures. It is

also used for removing sutures of incisions.
 METZENBAUM

Are used for fine dissection and cutting. There

are most frequently slightly curved. Use to cut
delicate tissues.
 STITCH SCISSORS

Are primarily used for suture removal. These

scissors have a small hook shaped tip on one
blade that slides under sutures to slightly lift them
before cutting for removal. This hook also hold
the suture so it does not slip off the blade of the
scissors prior to cutting.
 IRIS SCISSORS

A type of scissors with shorts blades that was

originally developed for ophthalmic surgery.
 SCALPEL OR BLADE HOLDER

A metal instruments used to attach different

types of blades at the distal ends.
 Clamping and Occluding
Instruments

Are used in many surgical procedures for

compressing blood vessels or hollow
organs, to prevent their contents from
leaking. Occlude means to close or shut.
Therefore, these instruments are also
used to control bleeding.
 KELLY CURVE

Is used to clamp larger vessels and tissue. It can

also be used in clamping the baby’s umbilical
cord. The jaws may be curved or straight, it is
design for general used, the locking grip permits
clamping with a variety of pressures.
 KELLY STRAIGHT

This surgical tool is used in many surgical

procedures to constricting blood vessels during
surgery to control bleeding.
 NEEDLE HOLDER

Used to hold the needle while suturing.

 ALLIS FORCEPS

Used to hold thin, but tough structures to give

traction on these structure, to hold the skin and
fascia.
 PENNINGTON

It holds the edges and act as a hemostat to

decrease the bleeding from the incision.
 BOBCOCK

More delicate than Allis, less directly traumatic.

Broad flared ends with smooth tips.
 MIXTER

Its principal use is to promote adequate

haemostasis by grasping tissues and guiding
suture threads. For this purpose, the instrument
features a pair of tapered, curved jaws that help
to traverse the narrower anatomical spaces.
 KOCKER / OCHSNER
(CURVE & STRAIGHT)

Used to catch the edges of the incision while

suturing the after the operation. It is also used to
hold the ribs in ribs resection. Can used to
grasps heavy tissue. The jaws may be curved or
straight.
 TOWEL CLIP

Is a metal instrument, light but strong in different

lengths. It has a catch lock near by the proximal
end to fix the grip drapes. The distal end are
curved to two sharp points as teeth to catch the
drapes firmly with the pointed tips. Shafts are
short and its handle are curved.
 ADSON THUMB /TOOTHLESS
FORCEPS

It is used to hold the skin for suturing soft tissues

thus preventing damage.
ADSON TISSUE/TOOTHTEDFORCEPS

It has a delicate serrated tips design for light,

careful handling of the tissues.
 THUMB FORCEPS / TOOTHLESS
FORCEPS

Used to hold the skin for suturing or to hold the

soft tissues thus preventing the damage.
 TISSUE / TOOTHED FORCEPS

Used to hold tough structure like the skin, fascia,

rectal sheath while suturing. It also used to lift the
knots of sutures.
 Retracting and Exposing
These surgical instruments are used to
hold back, or retract organs and tissue so
the surgeon has access to the operative
area. They spread open the skin, ribs and
other tissue; and are also used separate
the edges of a surgical incision.
 SELF RETAINING RETRACTORS

It is a special instrument with special fittings for

retaining in the space. A rectangle metal pieces
are connected together and to small retracting
blades are attached to both ends of the rectangle
pieces by the metal rods. The rods are slightly
curved to give space in between. It is used to
retract organ in abdominal surgery for prolong
time.
 BLADDER RETRACTOR

Used to retract tough structures like fascia, pelvic

and abdominal operation.
 RICHARDSON RETRACTORS

Richardson Retractor is a 9-1/2" long retractor

that can be used during procedures, such as
chest or abdominal, to grasp soft tissue using the
curved blade. Several widths and depths of the
blade are available in order to suit the different
surgical needs.
 HARRINGTON RETRACTOR

Is a hand-held device that allows surgeons to

mobilize, retract and statically hold the soft
tissues within the abdominal cavity during
specialized surgical procedures.
 GOULET RETRACTOR

A Goulet retractor is used to separate and

manipulate the edges of a surgical incision or
wound, or hold back underlying organs and
tissues so that body parts underneath may be
accessed. Accustomed retract shallow or
superficial incisions.
 DEAVER

Used in retracting abdominal organs like spleen,

liver etc. Can also be used to retract deep
abdominal or chest incisions.
 CRILE/ RIBBON/ MALLEABLE

It is used to retract deep wound incisions. May

be bent in various shapes. The retractor is
malleable, which allows it to fit the form of the
area that is being operated.
 ARMY NAVY

It is used to retract swallow or superficial

incisions.
 MUSCLE RETRACTOR

It is used to retract swallow or superficial

incisions.
 LIGHT HANDLE

Used to cover the light during an operation. It can

be manipulated by the scrub nurse to prevent
contamination.
DELIVERY ROOM
INSTRUMENTS
 VAGINAL SPECULUM

A speculum is a hinged instrument that is inserted into

the patient to help doctors and nurses gauge dilation
and effacement. It’s also typically used during annual
exams.
 EPISIOTOMY SCISSOR

It’s used to create a surgical incision to the perineum

during the second stage of labor to enlarge the
opening for the baby. Episiotomies aren’t always
needed. But, if a baby needs to be delivered right
away or there’s a risk to the mother, be prepared to
grab an episiotomy scissor.
 UMBILICAL SCISSORS

This tool is used to cut the baby’s umbilical cord. It’s

typically used without the need for clamping since its
style holds the cord in place, minimizing cord damage
and reducing risks of infection.
 HEMOSTAT

This tool can actually be used for a lot of purposes but

its most commonly used for clamping the umbilical
cord before the doctor cuts it. You may also need a
hemostat during suturing and when there’s
unexpected bleeding.
 SUTURE

Despite their size, sutures are one of the most

important delivery room tools. They are used to stitch
up and repair the affected tissues either from
laceration or episiotomy. They aren’t usually painful
since doctors use a local anesthetic to keep the area
numb. If you opted for an epidural, a local anesthetic
might not be necessary.
 URINARY CATHETER

In urinary catheterization a latex, polyurethane, or

silicone tube known as a urinary catheter is inserted
into the bladder through the urethra. Catheterization
allows urine to drain from the bladder for collection. It
may also be used to inject liquids used for treatment
or diagnosis of bladder conditions.
 FORCEPS

This is another tool that’s used to help pull out the

baby if the mother is already exhausted or if she
can’t push anymore. It’s also used when the baby is
showing signs of stress and requires to be delivered
immediately. Bruises and bumps are expected to
appear on the baby’s head. They should heal after a
few days.
 OUTLET FORCEPS

In an outlet forceps delivery the fetal head has

reached the pelvic floor and is seen at the introitus
without separating the labia. The fetal head may be
right, left, or straight occiput anterior or posterior, and
delivery is accomplished without rotation of greater
than 45 degrees.
 LOW OR MID-CAVITY FORCEPS

A low forceps delivery is one in which the fetal head

is at least +2 cm (on a 0 to +5 cm scale of station), but
not on the pelvic floor. Rotation may be greater than
or less than 45 degrees. A mid forceps delivery occurs
when the head is engaged, but less than +2 cm
station.
 ROTATIONAL FORCEPS

Used in the mid-pelvis for rotation of the fetal head

from a persistent occipito-posterior position or for
rotation when the head arrested in a transverse
position. Any delivery requiring rotation of the fetal
head in mid-pelvis may be complicated and traumatic.
 DISSECTING FORCEPS

May be hemostat forceps for clamping large blood

vessel and manipulating tissue, fine tip forceps for and
precision, suture tying, and more.
 SPONGE FORCEPS

It is commonly used in surgical procedures to hold

gauze squares that will absorb excess fluids and
blood from the surgical site or hemostasis. The
ratcheted locking mechanism of these finger ring
forceps securely grip the gauze and hold it in place.
 SPONGES

Laparoscopic sponges are typically used to control

bleeding during delivery. They are somewhat similar
to gauze pads but they can absorb more liquid,
making them a much better choice for surgical
procedures.
 AMNIOTIC HOOK

This long crochet-like hook is used in the early stages

of delivery to break your water, otherwise known as
rupturing the membranes, if it hasn’t naturally happened
on its own. To break your water, the doctor will insert
the amniotic hook and use it to puncture the amniotic
sac. You might feel some slight discomfort as the
device enters your vagina, but as for the actual water
breaking, most women only feel a big, warm gush of
liquid.
 VACUUM

An alternative to forceps for an assisted delivery, a

vaccuum extractor can help deliver baby through the
use of suction. A small suction cup is attached to the
top of baby’s head and pulls as mom pushes. Don’t
be alarmed if baby comes out looking a little
conehead-like—newborns’ heads are super-soft and
pliable, and in a few days baby’s noggin will regain
its normal shape.
 MAYO CURVE

Used to cut the ligatures or other suture material

during operation by the assistant surgeon or scrub
nurse, it is also used to cut the tissues and internal
organs so that adjacent tissues are protected while
using it.can also use to do the episiotomy in second
stage of labor without causing damage to the
surrounding tissues in the perineum.
 KELLY CURVE

Is used to clamp larger vessels and tissue. It can also

be used in clamping the baby’s umbilical cord. The
jaws may be curved or straight, it is design for general
used, the locking grip permits clamping with a variety
of pressures.
 TENNACULUM

Used in holding anterior and posterior lip of the cervix

in vaginal operation like D & C for better visualization.
UTERINE SOUNDS /HYSTEROMETER

Is a long slender instruments indicated by centimeters

and inches. It is used to ascertain the length or depth
of the cervix & uterus before any operations of the
uterus through vagina. It is used as a first dilator
before introducing the uterine dilators. It is also used
to ascertain the size and directions of the uterus
 HEGAR CERVICAL DILATORS

Used to dilate the cervix when approached is required

through the cervix in pathological condition of the
uterus. It is also used for dilating the cervix for
curetting the uterine content for evacuation of the
products of conception.
 FETAL FORCEPS

Used for extracting the baby in the second stage of

labor. Use forceps delivery when the cervix is fully
dilated. Diff. types of forceps are used to extract the
fetal head depending upon descend of fetal head.
 VAGINAL RETRACTOR

Used in an operation of the cervix and vagina to

retract the posterior vaginal wall. It is used to expose
the neck of the cervix.
 FETAL MONITOR

Fetal monitors are utilized during pregnancy and labor

to detect stress through careful observation of the
baby's heart rate. Types of monitors include the
doppler fetal monitor, which uses ultrasound; a fetal
stethoscope, a trumpet shaped cousin of the common
stethoscope placed directly on the abdomen; a
telemetry monitor, which uses transmitters to relay
information; and an internal fetal monitor, for high-risk
births.
 VENTOUSE

Ventouse is often used to assist in the delivery of a

baby. This device is a type of vacuum with a suction
cup that attaches to the baby's head. Anesthesia is
not necessary during the procedure. The ventouse is
not used when the baby is in a breech or transverse
position.
 CURETTE

Curette is usually employed during general

gynecological procedures, but may be used in the
delivery room as a result of a miscarriage. This
scraping hand tool may have a looped or narrow
spoon-shaped end and is used to remove tissue from
the body.