Module 2 written component Anth -5 lab Name: _______________________________

Textbook Questions Chapt. 2. Check Your Understanding section (5-points)

Please answer the following questions thoroughly, neatly, and correctly from your textbook
reading.
1. What are the “building blocks,” or subunits, that make up proteins?
2. What is the name for a string of amino acids?
3. What is the name of the red blood cell protein that carries oxygen to our body tissues?
4. What is the “blueprint” for the construction of each protein in our body called?
5. Which is the actual genetic material, DNA or RNA?
6. What are three structural differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA RNA
a. ________________________________ ______________________________
b. ________________________________ ______________________________
c. ________________________________ ______________________________

7. Answer the following questions about the molecule picture below.

a. What is this molecule (the entire thing)?

b. What is its function?
c. Identify A.
8. During protein synthesis, hereditary information (in the form of the sequence of DNA
bases) is taken from the nucleus to the sytoplasm by a/an ___________________
strand.
9. What do we call a segment of DNA that codes for the synthesis of a particular protein
(or polypeptide)?
10. In the part of protein synthesis called ________________________, an mRNA strand is
produced.
11. In the part of protein synthesis called ______________________________, tRNA
molecules bring amino acids to the mRNA strand in a particular order to form a
polypeptide
12. Correctly sequence the the order of protein synthesis using numbers 1 - 6 in the
corresponding spaces.
___ Ribosome “reads” the sequence of bases on the mRNA strand
___ Polypeptide is formed
___ mRNA strand leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm
___ DNA gene sequence is transcribed onto a mRNA strand in the nucleus
___ tRNA molecules bring amino acids to mRNA strand according to its sequence of
bases
___ Amino acids bond via peptide bonds
13. What is a mutation?
14. Why are mutations so important for evolution?
15. What is a string of amino acids called?
16. What is the name for a triplet of mRA bases?
17. What is the name for a triplet of tRNA bases?
18. Where in the cell does transcription occur?
19. Where in the cell does translation occur?