History

RETRACTION OF RIZAL
PRO-RETRACTION ANTI-RETRACTION
Dr. Jose Rizal was imprisoned, appeared Eminent Mason Rafael Palma criticized the
before a Spanish court-martial, and was publication that contained the alleged
sentenced to the death penalty after being retraction as being false since it did not
identified as a significant figure in the adequately reflect Rizal's personality and
Philippine Revolution. A few hours before he beliefs. For the following reasons, he
was slain, Rizal issued a declaration thought that the revived retraction account
acknowledging he was a Catholic and was a "pious deception" and that Rizal's
retracting all of his works that were critical of appeal was entirely based on hearsay: first,
the church. The document was discovered by the records of retraction were kept a secret,
CM Father Manuel Garcia in 1935, in the making them unavailable to anybody but the
Manila Catholic hierarchy repository. The authorities at the time. Second, the Rizal
Jesuits went straight to the archbishop's house family's petitions for the original contract and
to let their superiors know what had the official record of their canonical union
happened. Frs. Vilaclara and Balaguer with Josephine Bracken were also denied.
returned to Rizal around three o'clock. and Despite having a good relationship with the
begged him until dusk to alter his behavior church, Rizal was not laid to rest there;
they were still unable to get him to sign the instead, he was buried in a field without a
retraction form but they eventually succeeded cross or grave monument. On the page of
in convincing Rizal. Pi gave the same church those who were buried on December 30,
to Archbishop Bernardino Nozaleda, who in 1896, his funeral was not recorded in the book
turn accepted it. "I abominate Masonry as the of burials either. This brings us to our final
enemy of the Church and reprobated by the concern: the conversion lacked any moral
same Church," the final version stated. foundation.
A Catholic priest discovered a contentious retraction letter that was allegedly written by Rizal
right before his execution in 1935. He allegedly retracted any writings that were opposed to
the Catholic religion, according to the document. There is evidence that Rizal also had other
motives for retracting his writing, such as defending his family and community from
additional persecution and establishing Josephine as his wife legally. Rizal, who at first
suspected Josephine of being a spy, subsequently appeared to be convinced that she was in
reality in love with him. He might have wished to grant her legal standing before the church in
order to secure both her future and reforms from the Spanish government.
CRY OF REVOLUTION
PUGAD LAWIN BALINTAWAK
The occurrence known as the "Cry of Pugad The Cry of Balintawak took place on August
Lawin" is seen as marking the official 26, 1896. Filipinos officially rejected Spanish
beginning of the Philippine Revolution colonial rule over the Philippine Islands at a
against Spain. The Katipunan was founded on crucial point known as The Cry. The people
July 7, 1892, by Bonifacio, Ladislaw Diwa, cried and acted as one, pulling out their
Deodato Arellano, and other others. It was a cedulas and tearing them into pieces. The
covert organization that first sought Cry's main staging area was in Balintawak on
independence from Spain through a military August 26, 1896, according to the earliest
rebellion. This disputed version of the "Cry of testimony by Dr. Pio Valenzuela. While the
the Pugad Lawin" was authorized by Dr. Pio events or situations were still fresh in his
Valenzuela, who also happened to be an mind, he said this. Also, this version was
eyewitness to the incident. He wrote his written by General Guillermo Masangkay of
Memoirs of the Revolution later in life and the Katipunan. He was there when the historic
with fading memory, without looking at the event occurred. He asserted that the first
official records of the Philippine revolution, gathering for the Philippine Revolution was
and claimed that the "Cry" occurred at Pugad held in Balintawak on August 26, 1896.
Lawin on August 23, 1896.
Olegario Diaz, a member of the Spanish Guardia Civil, claimed that the Cry occurred in
Balintawak on August 25, 1896, which makes me believe that Balintawak is more credible.
The Cry took place in the final week of August 1896 close to Kangkong, Balintawak,
according to Teodoro Kalaw's 1925 book The Filipino Revolution. The Cry of Balintawak
marked the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. The cry may
also be related to one of the major incidents in the book, the destruction of community tax
certificates (cédulas personales) in defiance of their allegiance to Spain. Synopsis of The First
Cry of Revolution. A historical incident in which Filipinos tore their cedulas in support of
Andres is the source of the initial cry.