Compiled by:

General Education 1
Understanding
The
S E L F
Compilers:

Khadiguia Ontok-Balah, MALT, MPsych, RPm

Khristine Joy B. Garcia, MSPsych, RPsy
Jerose L. Molina, MPsych, RPsy, RPm

Published by:

Department of Psychology
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
University of Southern Mindanao
Kabacan, Cotabato

August 2018
LESSON 6:
A.2 Global Versus Differentiated Models

1. Gestalt – The whole is more than the sum of its parts

2. Phenomenological/Humanistic – The person is a total person and cannot be reduced
into parts
3. Psychoanalysis – The psyche is divided into the id, ego, superego
4. Self as personality divided into traits (e.g. Big Five Factors)
5. The self as divided into dimensions (Physical-biological, emotional, behavioral,
social, moral, spiritual)

A.3 Real Versus Ideal Self Concept

1. Horney
- Idealized self: Feeling alienated from self, they create an idealized self - image (an
extravagantly positive picture of themselves)
- Real Self: self - realization
2. Rogers
- Person-centered theory
- Self-actualizing tendency

Fig. 7. Karen Horney’s Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Feeling alienated from The idealized self-

self, they create an image includes three
Incungruence leads to
ideal self-image (an aspects: neurotic
self-hatred
extravagantly positive search for glory,
picture of themselves) claims, & pride
Fig. 8. Self-image in the Neurotic

Self-image in the Neurotic by Horney

• Splits self into:
- Despised self
- Ideal self
• Swings between hating self and pretending to be perfect
Pretending perfection Self hatred
• Neurotic search for GLORY • Relentless demands on self (tyranny
- Need for perfection of the should)
- merciless self-accusation
- Vindictive triumph - self-contempt •self-frustration
- Neurotic ambition - self-torment/self-torture
- self-destructive actions and
• Neurotic Claims impulses
• Neurotic Pride

Rogers’ Person-Centered Theory

1) There is a tendency for all matter, both organic and inorganic, to evolve from
simpler to more complex forms called formative tendency
2) There is a tendency within all humans and other organisms to move toward
completion or fulfilment of potentials called the actualizing tendency
3) Actualizing tendency is the only motive people possess.
Self-Concept

1. Congruent – There is
considerable overlap
between real self & ideal
self. There is a close
match or harmony
between the two.
2. Incongruent – There is
little overlapping
between real self & ideal
self. There is mismatch
which lead to anxiety.
The person will become
defensive and use
distortion and denial to
reduce incongruence.

Fig. 9. Rogers: Requirements for Actualization

Exercise 1.8

Instruction: Have you ever been in a position when you seem to be too far from
reaching your “ideal self”? Draw symbols to represent your self then (real self) and your
ideal self. At the bottom, briefly discuss how this affected you.