Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani

K K Birla Goa Campus

Mid-Semester Exam
Advanced Engineering Mathematics (ME G535)

Date: 22-10-2021 Time: 09.00 AM - 10.30 AM Total Marks: 60

Q 1. Consider the following system of equations.

x1 + x2 + 3x3 = 2
5x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 3
2x1 + 3x2 + x3 = −1

(a) Find the rank of a coefficient matrix [5]

(b) Determine the rank of an augmented matrix [1]
(c) The system has (Choose one) [1]
i. No solution
ii. Unique solution
iii. The infinitely large number of solutions
iv. Insufficient data
(d) Obtain the solution using the Gauss elimination method if it exists. [3]

Q 2. Solve the following system of equations using the Cholesky decomposition method.
Here, we decompose a given matrix A as A = LL> , where L and L> are the lower
triangular matrix and its transpose, respectively.

x1 − x2 + 2x3 = 17
−x1 + 5x2 − 4x3 = 31
2x1 − 4x2 + 6x3 = −5

(a) Write the lower triangular matrix L. [6]

(b) Write the solution of Ly = b using forward substitution. [2]
(c) Write the solution of L> x = y using backward substitution. [2]

Q 3. Consider the following system of equations

4x1 − x2 = 21
−x1 + 4x2 − x3 = −45
−x2 + 4x3 = 33

(a) Determine the condition number of a system using the Frobenius norm. [5]
(b) The system is (Choose one) [1]
i. Ill-conditioned
ii. Well-conditioned
(c) If well-conditioned, solve the system using the Jacobi iterative method

1
 i. Write the 1st iteration values [1]
ii. Write the 2nd iteration values [1]
iii. Write the 3rd iteration values [1]
iv. Write the 4th iteration values [1]

Q 4. Consider a set of three vectors as given below.

~v1 = (1, −1, 0), ~v2 = (0, 1, −1), v~3 = (0, 0, 1)

(a) The condition for the linear dependence of vector is (choose any one of the following) [2]
i. c1 v~1 + c2 v~2 + c3 v~3 = 0
ii. c1 v~1 + c2 v~2 + c3 v~3 < 0
iii. c1 v~1 + c2 v~2 + c3 v~3 > 0
where c1 , c2 , and c3 are scalers.
(b) The set of vectors is (Choose one) [3]
i. Linear dependent
ii. Linearly independent
iii. Insufficient data

Q 5. The concentration c of a chemical in a completely mixed reactor is governed by the

following equation:

c = cin (1 − e−0.04t ) + c0 e−0.04t , (1)

where cin = 8 is the inflow concentration and c0 = 2 is the initial concentration. You are
required to compute the time required for the concentration to become 89 percent of cin
using Newton Raphson procedure
(a) The function for which you need to find the root can be given as: (Choose one) [3]
1. cin (1 − e−0.02t ) + c0 e−0.02t − 0.89c0
2. cin (e−0.04t ) + c0 − 0.9cin
3. cin (1 − e−0.04t ) + c0 e−0.04t − 0.11cin
4. cin (1 − e−0.04t ) + c0 e−0.04t − 0.89cin
(b) The derivative of the function for the Newton-Raphson can be written as (Choose [2]
one)
1. 0.04e−0.04t (c0 − cin )
2. 0.02e−0.02t (cin − c0 )
3. −0.04e−0.04t cin
4. 0.04e−0.04t (cin − c0 )
(c) Let the initial guess for time be t0 = 0, fill the values of the guesses after each [10]
iteration (till 3 decimal places):
• After iteration 1: t1 =
• After iteration 2: t2 =
• After iteration 3: t3 =
• After iteration 4: t4 =

2
 • After iteration 5: t5 =

Q 6. Given the integral (Write all the answers to 3 decimal places)

Z 1
I= 152x dx.
0

ax
R
(a) Given that ax dx = ln(a)
+ c, compute the analytical value of the integral I. [2]
(b) Evaluate the integral value using Trapezoidal rule by considering 5 divisions across [4]
the integration limits.
(c) Evaluate the integral using the Gauss quadrature integration with the help of 3 [4]
Gauss points Given data for 3 point Gauss quadrature: