Modul Pelajar Potensi PDF

SCHOOL OF GLOBAL EXCELLENCE (SGE)
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MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 1

FORM 4
TINGKATAN 4
CHAPTER 1: MEASUREMENT
TOPIK 1: PENGUKURAN
1 Which of the following base quantity and its symbol of S.I unit is correct?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah kuantiti asas dan symbol unit S.I yang betul?
A Mass (g) C Electric current (mA)

Jisim (g) C Arus elektrik (mA)
B Time (h) D Temperature (K)

Masa (j) D Suhu (K)
2 Which of the following consist of only scalar quantities?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah terdiri daripada kuantiti scalar sahaja?
I Velocity / Halaju
II Density / Ketumpatan
III Pressure / Tekanan
A I and II only
I dan II sahaja
B I and III only
I dan III sahaja
C II and III only
II dan III sahaja
3 Which of the following is a derived quantity?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah merupakan kuantiti terbitan?
A Speed / Laju
B Temperature / Suhu
C Length / Panjang
D Time / Masa
4 1 N m is equivalent to
1 N m adalah setara dengan
A 1 kg m -3
B 1 m s-1
C 1 kg m2 s-2
D 1 kg m-1 s-2

5 A wooden block with measurement of 20 mm x 12.5 cm x 0.3 m. What is the volume
of the wooden block?
Sebuah bongkah kayu berukuran 20 mm x 12.5 cm x 0.3 m. Berapakah isi padu
bongkah kayu tersebut?
A 7.5 x 10-6 m
B 7.5 x 10-4 m
C 7.5 x 102 m
D 7.5 x 104 m
6 Which of the following measuring instruments is the most accurate to measure the
internal diameter of a water pipe?
Antara alat pengukuran berikut, yang manakah paling jitu untuk diameter dalam
sebatang paip air?
A Metre ruler
Pembaris meter
B Measuring tape
Pita pengukur
C Vernier callipers
Angkup vernier
D Micrometer screw gauge
Tolok skru mikrometer
7 Which graph shows that V is increasing linearly with θ?

Graf yang manakah menunjukkan V bertambah secara linear dengan θ?

8 Diagram 1 shows a displacement-time graph. The gradient of a graph represents the
velocity.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu graf sesaran-masa. Kecerunan graf mewakili halaju.
Diagram / Rajah 1
Which quantity is the manipulated variable?

Kuantiti manakah adalah pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan?
A Time / Masa
B Displacement / Sesaran
C Velocity / Halaju
9 Diagram 2 shows a graph that represents the motion of a car.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu graf yang mewakili pergerakan sebuah kereta.
Diagram 2/ Rajah 2
Which statement is true?

Pernyataan manakah benar?
A Equation of the graph is v = t + 2
Persamaan graf ialah v = t + 2
B The gradient of the graph ialah 5 m s-2
Kecerunan graf ialah 5 m s-2
C When t = 8, v = 2
Apabila t = 8, v = 2
D v is directly proportional to t
v berkadar langsung dengan t

10 Which pair contains scalar quantities only?
Pasangan manakah mengandungi kuantiti scalar sahaja?
A Distance and work
Jarak dan kerja
B Speed and weight
Laju dan berat
C Force and momentum
Daya dan momentum
D Displacement and area
Sesaran dan luas
STRUCTURED QUESTIONS
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. Diagram 1.1 shows the reading of a measuring instrument when there is no object on it.
Diagram 1.2 shows the reading of the measuring instrument when an object is placed on it.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan bacaan satu alat pengukur apabila tiada objek diletakkan di
atasnya.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan bacaan alat pengukur tersebut apabila satu objek diletakkan di
atasnya.
Diagram 1.1
Rajah 1.1

Diagram 1.2
Rajah 1.2
(a) Name the physics quantity that can be measured by the measuring instrument in
Diagram 1.1.
Namakan kuantiti fizik yang boleh diukur oleh alat pengukur pada Rajah 1.1.
__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark /1 markah]
(b) Name the type of error produced in Diagram 1.1
Namakan jenis ralat yang terhasil dalam rajah 1.1
_________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1markah]
(c) What is the value of error in Diagram 1.1?
Berapakah nilai ralat yang terhasil dalam rajah 1.1?
_________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark /1 markah]
(d) What is the actual reading of the physical quantity measured in Diagram 1.2?
Berapakah bacaan sebenar kuantiti fizik yang diukur dalam Rajah 1.2?
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark /1 markah]

2. When a sphere moves through a liquid at constant velocity, the drag force on the sphere is
given by
Apabila sebiji sfera bergerak melalui suatu cecair denga halaju tetap, daya seretan
terhadap sfera itu diberi oleh
F = kηvr
Where/dimana
K = constant with no unit / satu pemalar tanpa unit,
η = coefficient of viscosity of the liquid / pekali kepekatan untuk cecair,
v = velocity / halaju and/ dan
r = radius of the sphere / jejari sfera
(a) The equation contains both vector and scalar quantities. State one vector quantity and one
scalar quantity.
Persamaan itu mempunyai kedua-dua kuantiti vector dan kuantiti skalar. Nyatakan satu
kuantiti vector dan satu kuantiti skalar.
(i) Vector quantity / Kuantiti vektor

__________________________________________________________________
(ii) Scalar quantity / Kuantiti skalar

__________________________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2markah]
(b) What is the unit of force, F, in base units?

Apakah unit bagi daya, F, dalam sebutan unit asas?
____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark /1 markah]
(c) Express the unit of η in base units.
Nyatakan unit bagi η dalam unit asas.
[2 marks / 2 markah]

CHAPTER 2: FORCE AND MOTION 1
TOPIK 2: DAYA DAN GERAKAN 1
1. A boy throws a ball upwards at 30 ms-1. What is the distance travelled after 6 seconds?
Seorang budak lelaki melempar sebiji bola ke atas dengan halaju 30 ms -1. Berapakah
jarak yang dilalui selepas 6 saat?
A. 0 m
B. 45 m
C. 60 m
D. 90 m
2. Newton’s First Law Motion is also known as

Hukum Gerakan Newton Pertama juga dikenali sebagai
A. Pressure/ Tekanan
B. Inertia / inersia
C. Momentum / momentum
D. Impulse / impuls
3. An elephant of mass 1500 kg runs with a velocity of 2 ms-1. At what speed should a rat
of mass 0.5 kg run so that it has the same momentum as the elephant?
Seekor gajah berjisim 1500 kg berlari dengan halaju 2 ms-1. Berapakah laju seekor tikus
yang berjisim 0.5 kg perlu berlari supaya ia mempunyai momentum yang sama dengan
gajah itu?
A. 375 ms-1
B. 1500 ms-1
C. 3000 ms-1
D. 6000 ms-1
4. Diagram 4 shows a balloon moving forward when air rushes out from its nozzle.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu belon bergerak ke hadapan apabila udara memancut keluar
dari muncung belon itu.
Diagram 4 / Rajah 4
This can be explained by

Kejadian ini diterangkan dengan
A. Pressure / Tekanan
B. Inertia / inersia
C. Impulsive force / daya impuls
D. Newton’s Third Law / Hukum Newton Ketiga

5. Jane and John skate on an ice ring. With their skates on, Jane and John push against each
other as shown in Diagram 5
Jane dan John meluncur di gelanggang ais. Dengan memakai kasut meluncur, Jane dan
John menolak satu sama lain seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5.
Diagram 5 / Rajah 5
John moves with a speed that is 25% less than that of Jane. What is the mass of John if
the mass of Jane is 50 kg?
John bergerak dengan laju yang kurang 25% daripada laju Jane. Berapakah jisim John
jika jisim Jane adalah 50 kg?
A. 60 kg
B. 65 kg
C. 67 kg
D. 72 kg
6. A force of 10 N acts on a trolley of mass 2 kg. The trolley moves with a constant
velocity. Which of the following statements is not true?
Satu daya 10 N bertindak ke atas sebuah troli berjisim 2 kg. Troli itu bergerak dengan
halaju malar. Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah tidak benar?
A. Net force on the trolley is nil
Daya paduan pada troli adalah sifar
B. The sum of frictional force and air resistance is 10 N.
Jumlah daya geseran dan rintangan udara ialah 10 N.
C. Trolley will decelerate with deceleration of 5 ms-2 if the force is removed.
Troli akan menyahpecut dengan nyahpecutan 5 ms-2 jika day aitu dialihkan.
D. Momentum of trolley is 20 kg ms-1
Momentum troli ialah 20 kg ms-1
7. A car with mass 900 kg accelerates on a road with an acceleration of 2.2 ms -2. If the sum
of air resistance and friction on the road is 10 000 N, what is the force produced by the
engine?
Sebuah kereta berjisim 900 kg memecut di atas jalan raya dengan pecutan 2.2 ms -2. Jika
jumlah daya rintangan udara dan geseran jalan raya ialah 10 000 N, berapakah daya
yang dihasilkan oleh enjin?
A. 11 000 N
B. 12 000 N
C. 13 000 N
D. 13 555 N

8. A cyclist of mass 50 kg stops pedalling when his speed is 10 ms-1. The bicycle stops
after moving a distance of 8 m. Find the average resistive force if the mass of the bicycle
is 10 kg.
Seorang penunggang basikal yang berjisim 50 kg berhenti mengayuh basikalnya apabila
halajunya 10 ms-1 . Basikal itu berhenti selepas bergerak 8 m. Cari daya tentangan
purata jika jisim basikal ialah 10 kg.
A. 125 N
B. 250 N
C. 300 N
D. 375 N
9. A high jump atlete of mass 56 kg, falls on a mattress at a velocity of 10 ms -1 and takes
0.8 s to stop. What is the impulsive force on him?
Seorang atlet lompat tinggi yang berjisim 56 kg jatuh ke atas sebuah tilam dengan
halaju 10 ms-1 dan mengambil masa 0.8 s untuk berhenti. Berapakah daya impuls ke
atasnya?
A. 500 N
B. 625 N
C. 700 N
D. 925 N
10. The weight of an object on Mount Himalaya is less than its weight on the Equator
because
Berat sebuah objek di puncak Gunung Himalaya adalah kurang daripada beratnya di
Khatulistiwa kerana
A. It is cooler on Himalaya
Ia lebih sejuk di Himalaya
B. Himalaya is in the northern hemisphere
Himalaya berada di hemisfera utara
C. Himalaya is further from the centre of the Earth
Himalaya adalah lebih jauh dari pusat Bumi
D. The density of objects decreases on Himalaya
Ketumpatan jasad berkurang di Himalaya

STRUCTURED QUESTION
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. Diagram 1 shows a boy throws a ball vertically upwards. The ball is from point P at a
height of 1.2 m from the floor. It goes up to Q which is 3.8 m from the floor before it
falls downwards and hits the floor at point R.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan seorang budak melontar sebiji bola tegak ke atas. Bola itu
dilepaskan dari titik P yang berada pada ketinggian 1.2 m dari lantai. Ia terus naik
sehingga ke titik Q yang berada 3.8 m dari lantai sebelum ia jatuh ke bawah dan
menghentam lantai di titik R.
Diagram 1 / Rajah 1
a) What is the distance travelled by the ball?

Berapakah jarak yang dilalui oleh bola itu?
b) What is the displacement of the ball from the starting point P when it hits the floor?
Take the direction upwards as positive.
Berapakah sesaran bola dari titik permulaan P apabila ia menghentam lantai?
Ambil arah ke atas sebagai positif.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

2. Two metal spheres P and Q weighing 45 N and 5 N are in the positions as shown in
Diagram 2.
Dua sfera logam P dan Q masing-masing dengan berat 45 N dan 5 N berada di
kedudukan seperti dalam Rajah 2.
Diagram 2 / Rajah 2
a) Explain the truth of the statement below.

Terangkan kebenaran pernyataan di bawah.
As the gravitational force on P is 9 times that on Q, P will accelerate

downwards with an acceleration 9 times that of Q.
Oleh sebab daya gravity ke atas P adalah 9 kali ganda daya ke atas Q, maka
P akan memecut ke bawah dengan pecutan 9 kali ganda pecutan Q.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
[ 2 marks / 2 markah]
b) If the gravitational field strength there is 9.8 N kg-1, what is the mass of P?
Jika kekuatan medan graviti di situ ialah 9.8 N kg-1, berapakah jisim P?
c) The spheres are then released simultaneously. What is the difference in time taken
for them to hit the floor?
Sfera-sfera itu dilepaskan serentak. Berapakah beza masa yang diambil untuk sfera-
sfera itu menghentam lantai?

CHAPTER 3: GRAVITATION
TOPIK 3: KEGRAVITIAN
1. Which of the following statements does not explain Newton’s Universal Law of
Gravitation?
Pernyataan berikut yang manakah tidak menerangkan Hukum Kegravitian Semesta
Newton?
A. The gravitational force is an attractive force

Daya graviti adalah daya tarikan
B. The gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between
the centre of two bodies.
Daya graviti berkadar songsang dengan kuasa dua jarak di antara dua pusat jasad
C. The gravitational force can be attractive force or repulsive force
Daya graviti boleh jadi daya tarikan atau daya tolakan
D. The gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of masses of the two
bodies.
Daya graviti berkadar terus dengan hasil darab jisim dua jasad.
2. The diagram 1 shows two object of mass 75 kg and 90 kg respectively are separated by a
distance, D.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan dua objek yang berjisim 75 kg dan 90 kg masing-masing yang
dipisahkan pada jarak D.
Diagram 1 / Rajah 1
If the gravitational force between the two object is 2.0 x 10 -7 N and the value of
gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 kg-1, what is the value of D?
Jika daya graviti antara dua objek itu adalah 2.0 x 10
A. 1.2 m B. 1.5 m
C. 2.1 m D. 2.5 m

3. Diagram 1 shows a rubber stopper tied to a thick string is swing at constant speed in
horizontal circle.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan penyumbat getah diikat pada benang tebal yang di putarkan
mendatar pada laju malar.
Diagram 1/ Rajah 1
Which statement is correct about the motion of the rubber stopper?

Peryataan manakah benar mengenai gerakan penyumbat getah itu?
A The rubber stopper is moving with the constant velocity

Penyumbat getah bergerak dengan halaju malar.
B The force acting on the rubber stopper changes continuously
Daya yang bertindak pada penyumbat getah sentiasa berubah.
C The period of revolution of the changes continuously.
Tempoh putaran penyumbat getah sentiasa berubah.
D The acceleration of the rubber stopper is directed towards the centre of the circle.
Pecutan penyumbat getah adalah mengarah ke pusat bulatan
4. Two satelite were found to be orbiting around planet Earth with the same period. Which
physical quantity is the same for both satelite?
Dua satelit didapati mengelilingi bumi pada tempoh yang sama.
Kuantiti fizik manakah adalah sama pada kedua-dua satelit
A Mass C Radius of orbit
Jisim Jejari orbit
B Momentum D Kinetic energy
Momentum Tenaga kinetik
5. The diagram 2 shows an object of mass 1 kg is thrown 50 m upward from the Earth’s
surface.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan suatu jasad berjisim 1 kg dilemparkan 50 m ke atas dari
permukaan Bumi.

Diagram 2 / Rajah 2
If the radius of Earth is 6.37 x 106 m and the mass of the Earth is 5.97 x 1024 kg, what is
the gravitational force exerted on the Earth by the object?
Jika jejari Bumi adalah 6.37 x 106 m dan jisim Bumi adalah 5.97 x 1024 kg, berapakah
daya graviti yang dikenakan di Bumi oleh jasad?
A 9.82 N C 1.60 x 1011 N
B 6.25 x 107 N D 8.00 x 1012 N
6. Diagram 3 shows a hammer throw athlete is swinging the iron ball of mass 4 kg in the
horizontal circle with a speed of 5 ms-1 in the SUKMA games. Calculate the centripetal
force that’s acts on the iron ball.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan seorang atlit baling tukul besi sedang mengayun tukul besi berjisim
4 kg dalam bulatan mendatar dengan laju 5 ms-1 di kejohanan SUKMA. Kirakan daya
memusat yang bertindak ke atas tukul besi?
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
A 80 N C 120 N
B 50 N D 200 N

7. Which of the graph shows the correct relationship between the linear speed,
v and the radius of the orbit, r for the satellite in orbit around the Earth?
Graf manakah menunjukkan hubungan antara laju linear,v dan jejari
orbit,r untuk satelit yang mengelilingi Bumi?
8. The orbit of a planet around the Sun is shown in Diagram 4. At what position is the
planet moving the slowest?
Orbit suatu planet yang mengelilingi Matahari ditunjukkan pada Rajah 4. Pada
kedudukan manakah gerakan planet itu adalah paling lambat?
Diagram 4 / Rajah 4
A A to B C G to H
A ke B G ke H
B B to C D I to J
B ke C I ke J

9 Diagram 5 shows the Earth and the Venus orbits around the Sun. Find the orbital period of
. Mars.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan Bumi dan Zuhrah mengorbit mengelilingi Matahari. Tentukan
tempoh orbit Zuhrah.
[Radius of orbits of Earth, re / Jejari orbit bumi, re= 1.50 x 1011 m,
period of orbit of the Earth, Te / Tempoh orbit bumi, Te = 365 days,
radius of orbit of Zuhrah, rv / jejari orbit Zuhrah, rv = 1.08 x 1011 m]
Diagram 5/ Rajah 5
A 223 days / hari
B 213 days / hari
C 322 days / hari
D 323 days / hari
10. Which statement is incorrect about the characteristics of a geostationary satellite?

Pernyatan manakah tidak benar mengenai ciri-ciri satelit geopegun?
A It is always above the same point on the Earth’s surface
Ia sentiasa berada di atas tempat yang sama di muka Bumi
B It has orbital period of 24 hours
Ia mempunyai tempoh orbit 24 jam
C It orbits above the equator.
Ia mengorbit di atas garisan Khatulistiwa
D It revolves in an elliptical orbit around the Earth.
Ia mengelilingi Bumi dalam orbit elips.

STRUCTURED QUESTION
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. Diagram 1 shows two identical satelite, a non-geostationary satelites A and a

geostationary satelite B move around the Earth in their orbits.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan dua yang serupa, satelit A bukan geopegun dan satelit B geopegun
bergerak mengelilingi Bumi dalam orbit masing-masing.
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
(a) Name the force which provides the centripetal force for keeping the satelites in
circular orbit.
Namakan daya memberikan daya memusat untuk memastikan satelit dalam orbit
membulat.
____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(b) Base on Diagram 1, compare

Berdasarkan Rajah 1,bandingkan
(i) the radius of orbit satelite A and satelite B.
jejari orbit bagi satelit A dengan satelit B.
_____________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) the size of orbits of satelite A and satelite B.
saiz orbit bagi satelit A dengan satelit B.
_____________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]

(iii) the gravitational force of satelite A and satelite B in their orbit.
Daya graviti satelit A dengan satelit B dalam orbit masing-masing.
_____________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(iv) Base on your answer in 1(b), state the relationship between the gravitational
force of the satelite and the radius of the satelite orbits.
Berdasarkan jawapan anda di 1(b), nyatakan hubungan antara daya graviti
satelit dengan jejari orbit satelit.
_____________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(c) State two characteristic of satelite B.
Nyatakan dua ciri satelit B.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
[2 marks / markah]
(d) (i) What happens to satelite A when its linear speed is reduced.
Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada satelit A apabila laju linearnya
berkurangan.
_________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) Give one reason for your answer in 1(d)(i).
Berikan satu alasan kepada jawapan anda di 1(d)(i).
_________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
2. Diagram 2 shows the orbit of a planet revolving around the Sun. If the surface areas of A
and B are same.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan orbit sebuah planet mengelilingi Matahari. Jika luas permukaan A
dan B adalah sama.
Diagram 2
Rajah 2

(a) What is Keppler’s First law?
____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(b) Observe Diagram 2,

Perhatikan Rajah 2,
(i) compare the arc length of PQ and RS.
Bandingkan panjang lengkok PQ dan RS.
_____________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(ii) compare the time interval of t1 and t2.
Bandingkan selang masa t1 dan t2.
_____________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(iii) compare the linear speed at A and B.
Bandingkan laju linear di A dan B.
_____________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(iv) State the relationship between the arc length and linear speed of the planet.
Nyatakan hubungan antara panjang lengkok dan laju linear planet.
_____________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]
(v) Name the relavent law base on your answer in 2(b)(ii).
Namakan hukum yang berkaitan berdasarkan jawapan anda di 2(b)(ii).
_____________________________________________________________
[1 mark / markah]

CHAPTER 4: HEAT
TOPIK 4: HABA
1. Diagram 1 shows a cooling curve of a liquid.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan lengkung penyejukan suatu cecair.
Diagram 1/ Rajah 1
Which statement explains what happens in section XY

Pernyataan manakah yang menerangkan apa yang berlaku dalam bahgian XY?
A Latent heat of fusion is released

Haba pendam pelakuran dibebaskan
B No heat is released by the liquid
Tiada haba yang dibebaskan oleh cecair
C Kinetic energy of the molecules decrease
Tenaga kinetik molekul berkurang
D The liquid experiences a phase change from liquid to solid
Cecair mengalami perubahan fasa daripada cecair kepada pepejal
2. Diagram 2 shows a pot

Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebuah periuk
Diagram 2/ Rajah 2
Why is the pot‘s base made of low specific heat capacity material?
Mengapakah tapak periuk diperbuat daripada bahan bermuatan haba tentu yang
rendah?
A to increase the stability of the pot

Untuk meningkatkan kestabilan periuk itu
B To increase the temperature in shorter time

Untuk menambah peningkatan suhu dalam masa singkat
C To decrease the expansion of the pot
Untuk mengurangkan pengembangan pemegang periuk
D To reduce heat lost to the surrounding.
Untuk mengurangkan haba hilang ke persekitaran
3. The pressure of a motorcycle tyre is 220 kPa at temperature 27 oC. After a long journey,
the pressure of the tyre is increased to 242 kPa. What is the new temperature of the tyre?
(Volume of the air in the tyre is does not change)
Tekanan pada tayar motosikal ialah 220kPa pada suhu 27oC. Selepas melalui
perjalanan yang jauh, tekanan tayar tersebut meningkat kepada 242 kPa. Berapakah
suhu baharu tayar tersebut? (Isipadu udara didalam tayar tidak berubah)
A 37oC
B 47oC
C 57oC
D 67oC
4. More heat energy is required to change 1kg of water to steam at 100oC than to totally
melt 1kg of ice because
Lebih banyak haba diperlukan untuk menukarkan 1kg air kepada stim pada suhu 100oC
daripada meleburkan sepenuhnya 1kg ais kerana
A specific heat capacity of water is higher than specific heat capacity of ice
muatan haba tentu air lebih tinggi daripada muatan haba tentu ais
B specific heat capacity of water is lower than specific heat capacity of ice
muatan haba tentu air lebih rendah daripada muatan haba tentu ais
C specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is higher than specific latent heat of
fusion of ice
haba pendam tentu pengewapan air lebih tinggi daripada haba pendam tentu
pelakuran ais
D specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is lower than specific latent heat of
fusion of ice
haba pendam tentu pengewapan air lebih tinggi daripada haba pendam tentu
pelakuran ais
5. Diagram 3 shows a metal cylinder of mass 2.0kg and specific heat capacity 500 Jkg -1oC-1
Rajah 3 menunjukkan satu silinder logam berjisim 2.0kg dan muatan haba tentu 500
Jkg-1oC-1

Diagram 3/ Rajah 3
What is the temperature rise of the cylinder 20 seconds after the heater is switched on?
Berapakah kenaikan suhu silinder itu selepas 20 saat pemanas itu dihidupkan?
A 0.1oC
B 1.0oC
C 10.0oC
D 100.0oC
6. Diagram 4 shows the heating curve of a liquid.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan lengkung pemanasan bagi cecair
Diagram 4/ Rajah 4
Which of the following statements is correct to explain the effect of the heat absorbed by
the liquid between point R and S?
Pernyataan yang manakah menerangkan kesan haba yang diserap oleh air antara titik R
dan S?
A The forces between the liquid molecules are weaker

Daya-daya antara molekul cecair lebih lemah
B The bonds between the liquid molecules are broken

Ikatan-ikatan antara molekul cecair terputus
C The kinetic energy of the liquid molecules increases
Tenaga kinetik molekul-molekul cecair bertambah
D The bonds between the liquid molecules strengthen
Ikatan antara molekul cecair lebih kuat
7. Diagram 5 shows a fixed mass of gas is trapped inside a metal cylinder by a movable
piston
Rajah 5 menunjukan suatu jisim gas tetap terperangkap didalam suatu silinder logam
oleh suatu omboh boleh gerak
Diagram 5/ Rajah 5
The piston is moved forwards slowly. The volume of gas decreases but the temperature
of the gas is kept constant. What happens to the pressure and to the energy of the gas?
Omboh digerakkan secara perlahan-lahan kearah bawah. Isipadu gas berkurangan
tetapi suhu gas dimalarkan. Apakah yang berlaku kepada tekanan dan tenaga gas?
Pressure Energy
Tekanan Tenaga
A Increases Unchanged
Bertambah Tidak berubah
B Decrease Decrease
Berkurang Berkurang
C Unchanged Increases
Tidak berubah Bertambah
D Unchanged Unchanged
Tidak berubah Tidak berubah

8. Diagram 6 shows three blocks, at temperature T A, TB and TC are in good thermal contact.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan tiga bongkah, pada suhu T A, TB dan TC berada dalam sentuhan
terma yang baik.
Diagram 6/ Rajah 6
At which temperature are the blocks in thermal equilibrium?

Pada suhu manakah bongkah-bongkah itu berada dalam keseimbangan terma?
TA / oC TB / oC TC / oC
A 20 10 20
B 20 20 20
C 20 30 20
D 30 20 10
9. Which graph shows Boyle’s law?

Graf manakah yang menunjukkan Hukum Boyle?
A B C
10. Table 1 shows four types of liquid P, Q, R and S having the same mass and initial
temperature of 28oC respectively.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan empat jenis cecair P, Q, R dan S, masing-masing mempunyai
jisim sama dan suhu awal 28oC
Liquid Specific heat capacity, Jkg-1 oC-1 Freezing point, oC

Cecair Muatan haba tentu, Jkg-1 oC-1 Takat beku, oC
P 1800 2
Q 2100 5
R 3600 4
S 4200 0
Table 1, Jadual 1
If all the four liquids are placed in the freezer of a refrigerator simultaneously, which
liquid will solidify first?

Jika keempat-empat cecair itu dimasukkan kedalam peti sejuk serentak, cecair manakah
akan membeku dahulu?
A P C R
B Q D S
STRUCTURED QUESTION
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. Diagram 1 shows water is being heated at boiling point by 1200 W immersion heater
for 2 minutes. The boiling point of water is 100 oC. The specific latent heat of
vaporisation is 2.26x106 J kg-1 .
Rajah 1 menunjukkan air sedang dipanaskan pada takat didih dengan pemanas
rendam 1200 W selama 2 minit. Takat didih air ialah 100 oC. Haba pendam tentu
pengewapan ialah 2.26x106 J kg-1.
Diagram 1/ Rajah 1
(a) What is the meaning of specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Apakah maksud haba pendam tentu pengewapan?
________________________________________________________________
[1 marks/ 1 markah]
(b) Explain why the temperature does not change when the ice cubes change to
liquid.
Terangkan mengapa suhu tidak berubah apabila ketulan ais berubah menjadi
cecair.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/ 2 markah]

(c) Calculate
Hitung
(i) The energy absorbed by water

Tenaga yang diserap oleh air
[2 marks/ 2 markah]
(ii) The mass of water which have vaporated

Jisim air yang sudah menjadi wap
[2 marks/ 2 markah]
2. Diagram 2.1 and 2.2 shows the reading of gas pressure for low temperature in
container A and high temperature in container B.
Rajah 2.1 dan 2.2 menunjukkan bacaan tekanan gas untuk suhu yang rendah dalam
bekas A dan suhu yang tinggi didalam bekas B
Diagram 2.1/ Rajah 2.1 Diagram 2.2/ Rajah 2.2

(a) Based on Diagram 2.1, tick the correcr instrument to measure gas pressure
Berdasarkan Rajah 2.1, tandakan alat pengukur yang betul untuk mengukur
tekanan gas.
[ ] Bourdon gauge / Tolok Bourdon
[ ] Barometer / Barometer
[1 marks/ 1 markah]
(b) Observe Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 5.2

Perhatikan Rajah 2.1 dan Rajah 2.2
i) Compare the volume of air inside the container.

Bandingkan isi padu udara di dalam bekas
__________________________________________________________
[1 marks/ 1 markah]
ii) Compare the pressure produced inside the container
Bandingkan tekanan yang dihasilkan di dalam bekas
__________________________________________________________
[1 marks/ 1 markah]
iii) Compare the number of air particles inside the container

Bandingkan bilangan zarah-zarah udara didalam bekas
__________________________________________________________
[1 marks/ 1 markah]
(c) Based on the answer in 2(b)
Berdasarkan jawapan di 2(b)
i) State the relationship between the temperature of air inside the container
with the pressure produced
Nyatakan hubungan antara suhu udara didalam bekas dengan tekanan
yang dihasilkan
__________________________________________________________
[1 marks/ 1 markah]
ii) State the physics law involved

Nyatakan hukum fizik yang terlibat
__________________________________________________________
[1 marks/ 1 markah]
(d) Based on the answer in 2(c)

Berdasarkan jawapan di 2(c)
i) What happens to the pressure inside the container when the temperature
is increased?
Apakah yang berlaku kepada tekanan udara didalam bekas apabila suhu
ditingkatkan ?
__________________________________________________________
[1 marks/ 1 markah]

ii) Give one reason for the answer in 2(d)(i)
Beri satu sebab untuk jawapan anda di 2(d)(i)
__________________________________________________________
[1 marks/ 1 markah]
CHAPTER 5: WAVES
TOPIK 5: GELOMBANG
1 Which of the following quantities will increase when the amplitude of a wave increase?
Manakah antara kuantiti berikut akan bertambah apabila amplitude gelombang
bertambah?
A Wave velocity
Halaju gelombang
B Wave energy
Tenaga gelombang
C Wave period
Tempoh gelombang
D Wave frequency
Frekuensi gelombang
2 A piece of cork is at a trough of a water wave. If the frequency of the water wave is 5 Hz,
how long would the piece of cork take to be at the crest?
Satu cebisan gabus berada pada lembangan gelombang air pada suatu ketika. Jika
frekuensi gelombang air itu ialah 5 Hz, berapa lamakah masa yang diambil untuk
gabus itu berada di puncak gelombang?
A 0.05 s C 0.20 s
B 0.10 s D 5.00 s
3 What will happen when a system vibrates at resonance?

Apakah yang akan berlaku apabila satu system bergetar pada resonans?
A The system is vibrating at high frequency.
Sistem itu bergetar pada frekuensi tinggi.
B The system is vibrating with long period.
Sistem itu bergetar pada tempoh panjang
C The system is vibrating with high amplitude.
System itu bergetar dengan amplitude besar.
4 When the amplitude of a wave decrease,

Apabila amplitude gelombang berkurang,
A its wavelength will increase
panjang gelombangnya akan bertambah
B frequency will decrease
frekuensi akan berkurang
C energy will decrease
tenaga akan berkurang
D period will decrease
tempoh akan berkurang

5 Which type of sound wave is used by bats for navigation at night?
Jenis bunyi yang manakah digunakan oleh kelawar untuk menentukan arah pada waktu
malam?
A Infrasonic
Infrasonik
B Audio wave
Gelombang audio
C Ultrasonic
Ultrasonik
6 A boy at a distance d from a mountain claps his hands and hears the echo of the clap 3
seconds later. Calculate d.
Seorang budak lelaki yang berada pada satu jarak d dari sebuah gunung menepuk
tangan dan mendengar gema tepukan itu 3 saat kemudian. Hitung d.
[vair/udara= 330 m s-1]
A 495 m C 990 m
B 675 m D 1980 m
7 Which of the following light rays propagates the fastest in glass?

Manakah antara sinar cahaya berikut merambat paling cepat dalam kaca?
A Red/Merah
B Yellow/Kuning
C Green/Hijau
D Violet/Ungu
8 The wavefront of a sea water wave reunites after passing under a small boat floating
parallel to the wavefront. This phenomenon is caused by
Muka gelombang air laut bercantum semula setelah melalui di bawah sebuah perahu
kecil yang terapung selari dengan muka gelombang air. Fenomena ini disebabkan oleh
A constructive interference / interferens membina
B refraction / pembiasan
C diffraction / pembelauan
D reflection / pemantulan
9 Which of the following characteristics of microwave makes it suitable to be used in

satellite communication?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah ciri-ciri gelombang mikro yang menjadikannya
sesuai digunakan dalam komunikasi satelit?
A It is neutral
Ia adalah neutral.
B It has a high frequency
Ia mempunyai frekuensi yang tinggi
C It has a long wavelength
Ia mempunyai panjang gelombang yang panjang
D It needs a medium to propagate
Ia memerlukan medium untuk merambat

10 Which of the following cannot travel through vacuum?
Antara yang berikut,yang manakah tidak boleh merambat melalui vakum?
A Microwave
Gelombang mikro
B Radio wave
Gelombang radio
C Sound wave
Gelombang bunyi
D X-rays
Sinar-X
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. Table 1.1 shows the electromagnetic spectrum.

Jadual 1.1 menunjukkan spektrum elektromagnet.
Infra-
Gamma Ultra-Violet
Visible Light Red/ Microwave/ Radio Wave/
Ray / X-Ray/ Ray /
/ Cahaya Infra- gelombang Gelombang
Sinar Sinar X Sinar Ultra-
nampak merah mikro radio
Gama ungu
Table 1.1 / Jadual 1.1
(a) Which of the wave can be used to kill cancerous cells?

Manakah satu gelombang boleh digunakan untuk membunuh sel kancer?
________________________________________________________________________
[1mark / 1 markah]
(b) State a common characteristic for all the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Nyatakan satu ciri sepunya bagi semua gelombang yang berada dalam spektrum
elektromagnet.
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(c) Diagram shows light wave in magnetic and electric fields.
Rajah menunjukkan gelombang cahaya yang berada dalam medan magnet dan medan
elektrik.
Polaroid
Propagation of light wave/

Perambatan gelombang cahaya
Diagram 1.2/ Rajah 1.2

(i) What is the change to the intensity of the light after passing through a polaroid?
Apakah perubahan kepada keamatan cahaya selepas cahaya melepasi satu polaroid?
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark /1 markah]
(ii) Choose the correct pattern for the light wave passing through the polaroid by marking a tick
(√) in the box below.
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(iii) Give one reason for your answer in 2(c) (ii).
Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan di 2(c) (ii).
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark /1 markah]
2. Diagram 2.1 shows a bob hanging to a spring. The spring oscillate at a frequency of 10
oscillation per second. The bob at the end of the spring touches the surface of water in the
ripple tank and produces a series of circular waves. The pattern of the wave is seen
through a stroboscope.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sebuah ladung digantung pada satu spring. Spring itu diayunkan
pada frekuensi 10 ayunan sesaat. Ladung pada hujung spring mencecah permukaan air
dalam tangki riak dan menghasilkan satu siri gelombang bulat. Corak gelombang itu
dapat dilihat menerusi sebuah stroboskop.
Diagram / Rajah 2.1
(a) Calculate:
Hitungkan :
(i) the wavelength of the water wave that propagate.

panjang gelombang air yang merambat.
[1 mark /1 markah]

(ii) the speed of the wave formed.
kelajuan gelombang yang terhasil.
[2 marks /2 markah]
(b)(i) What happen to the wavelength when the frequency of the oscillating spring increases?
Apakah yang berlaku kepada panjang gelombang apabila frekuensi ayunan spring
bertambah?
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark /1 markah]
(ii) Suggest one way to incease the frequency of the oscillating spring.
Cadangkan satu cara untuk menambahkan frekuensi ayunan spring itu.
_________________________________________________________________
[1 mark /1 markah]
(c) In Diagram 2.2 draw the wave pattern formed when the wave hits the plane reflector.
Dalam Rajah 2.2. lukiskan bentuk gelombang yang terhasil bila gelombang itu
melanggar pemantul satah itu.
Diagram / Rajah 2.2

[1 mark /1 markah]

CHAPTER 6: LIGHT AND OPTICS
TOPIK 6: CAHAYA DAN OPTIK
1. The diagram below shows a light ray travelling from glass to air. The refractive index of
glass is 1.29
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya merambat dari kaca ke udara. Indeks
biasan kaca ialah 1.29
400
Glass
Glass
Kaca
Kaca
What is the incidence angle of x?

Bera pakah sudut tuju, x?
A 30°
B 35°
C 40°
D 45°
2. Which of the following is correct when a light ray is refracted in a certain medium?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah betul apabila sinar cahaya dibiaskan dalam
medium tertentu?
A Its speed is not changed
Lajunya tidak berubah
B Its frequency is not changed
Frekuensinya tidak berubah
C Its direction is not changed
Arahnya tidak berubah
D Its wavelength is not changed
Panjang gelombangnya tidak berubah

3. The diagram below shows a light ray passing through a prism.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya yang melalui sebuah prisma
d b
a
What is the refractive index of the prism?

Apakah indeks biasan prisma?
A sin a
sin b
B sin b
sin a
C sin c
sin d
D sin d
sin c
4. Diamonds glitters when exposed to sunlight because

Berlian berkilau apabila terdedah kepada cahaya matahari kerana
A Refraction of light
Pembiasan cahaya
B Total internal refraction
Pantulan dalam penuh
C Interference
Interferens
D Resonance
Resonans

5. The diagram below shows a boy fishing in the pond. The fish appears to be closer when
viewed from the surface of water.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan seorang budak sedang memancing ikan di kolam. Ikan
kelihatan lebih dekat apabila dilihat dari atas permukaan air.
5m
2m
What is the refractive index of water?

Berapakah indeks biasan air?
A 1.50
B 1.57
C 1.67
D 1.90
6. An object is placed 12cm in front of a convex lens with a focal length of 12cm.
What is the image distance?
Satu objek diletakkan 12cm di hadapan sebuah kanta cembung dengan panjang
focus 12cm. Berapakah jarak imej?
A 10cm
B 12cm
C 15cm
D ∞
7. What are the characteristics of the image formed by a convex mirror?

Apakah ciri-ciri imej yang dibentuk oleh satu cermin cembung?
A Inverted, virtual and diminished

Songsang, maya dan dikecilkan
B Inverted, virtual and magnified
Songsang, maya dan dibesarkan
C Upright, real and diminished
Tegak, nyata dan dikecilkan
D Upright, virtual and diminished
Tegak, maya dan dikecilkan

8. The diagram below shows the position of an object and its image of a convex lens.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan kedudukan satu objek dan imej bagi satu kanta cembung.
25mm 100mm
M
What is the focal length of the lens?

Berapakah panjang focus kanta itu?
A 20mm
B 30mm
C 40mm
D 50mm
9. Which of the following pairs have positive focus length?

Manakah antara pasangan berikut mempunya panjang focus positif?
A Concave mirror and concave lens

Cermin cekung dan kanta cekung
B Convex mirror and convex lens
Cermin cembung dan kanta cembung
C Concave mirror and convex lens
Cermin cekung dan kanta cembung
D Convex mirror and concave lens
Cermin cembung dan kanta cekung

10. The diagram below shows a mirror placed at the winding road.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah cermin yang diletakkan di jalan berselekoh.
The characteristics of the image formed are

Ciri-ciri imej yang terbentuk ialah
A Virtual and diminished

Maya dan dikecilkan
B Virtual and same size
Maya dan sama saiz
C Real and magnified
Nyata dan dibesarkan
D Real and inverted
Nyata dan songsang

SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. The diagram below shows a light ray travelling from air to a glass prism
Rajah dibawah menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya merambat dari udara ke sebuah
prisma kaca
560
370
a) Compare the optical density between air and glass.

Bandingkan ketumpatan optik antara udara dan kaca.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1markah]
b) Compare the velocity of light between air and glass.

Bandingkan halaju cahaya di udara dan kaca.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1markah]
c) What is the refractive index of the glass prism?

Berapakah indeks biasan prima kaca?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2markah]
d) What is meant by critical angle?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan sudut genting?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1markah]

e) Calculate the critical angle of the glass prism.
Hitung sudut genting prisma kaca
[2 marks / 2markah]
2. The diagram below shows a mirror placed at the winding road.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah cermin yang diletakkan di jalan
berselekoh.
a) State the type of mirror used.

Nyatakan jenis cermin yang digunakan.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1markah]

b) State one reason, why a plane mirror is not suitable to be used at winding
road Nyatakan satu sebab mengapa cermin satah tidak sesuai digunakan di
jalan berselekoh
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1markah]
c) The diagram below shows the position of an object in front of concave mirror. C is
the centre of curvature and F is the focal point.
Rajah dibawah menunjukkan kedudukan satu objek di hadapan sebuah
cermin cekung. C ialah pusat kelengkungan dan F ialah titik fokus.
C F
i) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image of an abject in

the diagram above
Lukiskan satu gambar rajah sinar untuk menunjukkan pembentukan imej
bagi objek itu dalam rajah di atas.
[3 marks / 3markah]
ii) State the characteristics of the image formed.

Nyatakan ciri-ciri imej yang terbentuk.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

FORM 5
TINGKATAN 5
CHAPTER 1: FORCE AND MOTION 2

TOPIK 2: DAYA DAN GERAKAN 2
1. Diagram 3 shows a method of determining the resultant of two forces by using the
parallelogram of forces.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan kaedah menentkan paduan dua daya dengan menggunakan
segiempat selari.
P Q
O
R
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
Which of the followings represents the resultant force?

Antara berikut yang manakah menunjukkan daya paduan tersebut?
A OP
B OQ
C OR
D PR
2. Diagram 4 shows a box being pulled by a man. What is the resultant force acting on the
box?
Rajah 4 menunjukkan sebuah kotak ditarik oleh seorang lelaki. Apakah daya paduan
yang bertindak ke atas kotak itu?
Diagram 4
Rajah 4

A 34.3 N
B 36.5 N
C 48 N
D 50 N
3. Diagram 5 shows an aero plane flying horizontally with increasing velocity.

Rajah 5 menunjukkan sebuah kapal terbang sedang terbang secara mendatar dengan halaju
bertambah.
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
Which of the following statement is correct?

Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah betul?
A Weight > Lift

Berat > Tujah ke atas
B Lift > Weight
Tujah ke atas > Berat
C Drag = Thrust
Rintangan udara = Tujah ke depan
D Thrust > Drag

Tujah ke depan > Rintangan udara
4. Three horizontal forces act on a car that is moving along a straight level road.
Tiga daya mendatar bertindak ke atas sebuah kereta yang bergerak di sepanjang jalan yang rata.
Rintangan udara
geseran Forward thrust

Tujah ke depan

Diagram 6
Rajah 6
Which combination of forces would result in the car moving at constant velocity?
Kombinasi daya yang manakah akan menghasilkan halaju yang malar pada kereta
tersebut?
Air resistance Friction Forward thrust

Rintangan udara Daya geseran Tujah ke depan
A 200 N 1000 N 800 N
B 800 N 1000 N 200 N
C 800 N 200 N 1000 N
D 1000 N 200 N 800 N
5. Diagram 6 shows a reading of a weighing machine when the lift is stationary.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan bacaan mesin penimbang ketika lif pegun.
Weighing
Lift /
machine /
Diagram 6
Rajah 6
What is the reading of the weighing machine if the lift experiences a free fall?
Berapakah bacaan mesin penimbang ketika lif jatuh bebas ?

6. Diagram 7 shows two identical springs are arranged parallel to each other. A load of 30 N is
suspended to the springs. Each spring extends by 4 cm when 10 N is suspended from it.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan dua spring yang serupa disusun secara selari antara satu sama lain.
Beban 30 N di gantung kepada kedua-dua spring tersebut. Setiap spring akan memanjang
sebanyak 4 cm apabila beban 10 N digantung.
Diagram 7
Rajah 7
What is the extension of each spring in Diagram 7?

Berapakah pemanjangan bagi setiap spring dalam Rajah 7?
A 4 cm
B 6 cm
C 8 cm
D 12 cm
7. Diagram 1 shows spring P is compressed to a distance x , when a load of mass, m
is placed onto it.
Another identical spring is then arranged parallel to spring P and a load of mass 2m
is placed onto the spring system as shown in Diagram 2.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan keadaan spring P dimampatkan pada jarak x apabila beban
berjisim, m diletakkan di atasnya..
Spring lain yang serupa kemudiannya disusun secara selari dengan spring P dan beban
berjisim 2m diletakkan ke atas sistem spring itu seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2.

What is the compression of the spring system in Diagram 2 ?
Berapakah mampatan bagi sistem spring dalam Rajah 2?
A. ½ x
B. x
C. 2x
D. 4x
8. Diagram 4 shows a man is pulling a sledge with a rope.

Rajah 4. menunjukkan seorang lelaki sedang menarik sebuah kereta luncur salji dengan
menggunakan se utas tali.
Diagram 4 / Rajah 4
Which of the following will move the sledge forward with the maximum acceleration?
Yang manakah berikut akan menggerakkan kereta luncur ke hadapan dengan pecutan
maksimum ?
Angle, θ / Sudut, θ Force, F/ Daya, F
A. Small/ Kecil Small / Kecil

B. Small/ Kecil Big/ Besar
C. Big/ Besar Small/ Kecil
D. Big/ Besar Big/ Besar
9. Diagram 4 shows Anis is launching a ball using a slingshot.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan Anis sedang melancarkan sebiji bola menggunakan lastik.
Diagram 4
Rajah 4

Which method and characteristic of slingshot will cause the ball to move the furthest
distance?
Kaedah dan ciri getah lastik yang manakah akan menyebabkan bola itu bergerak
pada jarak yang paling jauh?
Method Characteristics of slingshot

Kaedah Ciri-ciri getah lastik
Pull with bigger extension Thick

A
Tarik dengan pemanjangan besar Tebal
Pull with smaller extension Small force constant

B
Tarik dengan pemanjangan kecil Pemalar daya kecil
Pull with bigger extension Thin

C
Tarik dengan pemanjangan besar Nipis
Pull with smaller extension Big force constant

D
Tarik dengan pemanjangan kecil Pemalar daya kecil
10. Diagram 5 shows a car moves with constant velocity.

Rajah 5 menunjukkan sebuah kereta bergerak dengan halaju seragam.
Frictional force
Daya geseran
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
The forces are balanced when
Daya-daya adalah seimbang apabila
A net force is zero

daya bersih adalah sifar
B net force is equal

daya bersih adalah sama
C net force is equal to frictional force

daya bersih sama dengan daya geseran
D net force is less than frictional force

daya bersih kurang daripada daya geseran

SOALAN STRUKTUR
1 Diagram 1.1 shows a spring in a toy gun is compressed by a rubber bullet and the horizontal
distance, s1 travelled by the rubber bullet after the force used to compress the spring is
released.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan suatu spring di dalam senapang mainan dimampatkan oleh sebiji
bola getah dan jarak mengufuk, s1 yang dilalui oleh peluru getah tersebut selepas daya yang
memapatkan spring itu dilepaskan.
Length of spring after being compressed, x1
Panjang spring selepas dimampat, x1
Spring P
s1
Diagram 1.1
Rajah 1.1
Diagram 1.2 shows a spring in a toy gun is compressed by a rubber bullet and the horizontal
distance, s2 travelled by the rubber bullet after the force used to compress the spring is
released.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan suatu spring di dalam senapang mainan dimampatkan oleh sebiji
bola getah dan jarak mengufuk, s2 yang dilalui oleh peluru getah tersebut selepas daya yang
memampatkan spring itu dilepaskan.
Length of spring after being compressed, x2

Panjang spring selepas dimampat, x2
Spring Q
s2
Diagram 1.2
Rajah 1.2
The spring constant of Spring P and Spring Q are 200 Nm -1 and 400 Nm-1 respectively.
Pemalar spring bagi Spring P dan Spring Q adalah masing-masing 200 Nm-1 dan 400 Nm-1.

(a) Name the type of energy possess by the spring when it is being compressed.
Namakan jenis tenaga yang dimiliki oleh spring itu semasa dimampatkan.
……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) Observe Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2.
Perhatikan Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2.
(i) Compare the thickness of the spring

Bandingkan ketebalan spring.
……………………………………………………………………………...........
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Compare the length of spring after being compressed.
Bandingkan panjang spring selepas dimampat
……………………………………………………………………………................
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii) Compare the horizontal distance, s travelled by the rubber bullet.
Bandingkan jarak mengufuk, s yang dilalui oleh peluru getah.
…………………………………………………………………………….............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iv) Compare the spring constant of the spring.
Bandingkan pemalar spring bagi spring tersebut.
…………………………………………………………………………….............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(c) Based on the answers in 1 (b),
Berdasarkan jawapan dalam 1 (b),
(i) state the relationship between the thickness of the spring and the spring constant
nyatakan hubungan antara ketebalan spring dan pemalar spring
………………………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(ii) state the relationship between the horizontal distance and the spring constant
nyatakan hubungan antara jarak mengufuk dan pemalar spring
…………………………………………………………………………….............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(d) Based on Diagram 1.1, what happens to the horizontal distance of the rubber bullet if
Spring P is replaced by a longer spring but other physical properties are the same.
Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1, apakah yang berlaku kepada jarak mengufuk peluru getah itu
apabila Spring P digantikan dengan spring yang lebih panjang tetapi sifat- sifat fizikal
yang lainnya adalah sama..
……………………………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
2. Diagram 2.1 shows an airplane maintaining a steady and level flight under the influence of
four forces.
Diagram 2.2 shows an load hanging from the middle of the string. T1 and T2 are tensions of
the string and W is the weight of the load. The dotted line shows the resolved component of
the tensions T1 and T2 .
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sebuah kapalterbang yang sedang bergerak dengan penerbangan
yang tetap pada aras yang sama di bawah pengaruh empat daya.
Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan satu beban digantung pada bahagian tengah tali. . T 1 dan T2 adalah
tegangan tali dan W adalah berat beban. Garis putus-putus menunjukkan komponen leraian
daya bagi tegangan T1 and T2.
Diagram 2.1 Diagram 2.2

Rajah 2.1 Rajah 2.2
(a) What is meant by weight?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan berat?
……………………………………...…………………………………………………...
[ 1 mark ]

(b) Based on Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 2.2,
Berdasarkan Rajah 2.1dan Rajah 2.2,
(i) compare the forces acting on the airplane

bandingkan daya yang bertindak ke atas kapalterbang
vertically :………………..………………………………………………………….
secara menegak
horizontally :………………..…………………………………………………
secara mengufuk
[2 marks]
(ii) compare the forces acting on the load.
bandingkan daya yang bertindak ke atas beban.
vertically :………………..………………………………………………………….
secara menegak
horizontally :………………..…………………………………………………
secara mengufuk
[2 marks]
(c) Compare the type of motion of the airplane and the object
Bandingkan jenis gerakan kapalterbang dan objek
………………...………..………………………………………………………………..
………………..…………………………...……………………………………………….
[1 mark ]
(d) Based on your answer in 2(b) and 2(c), relate the type of motion with the resultant
forces acting on the aeroplane or on the load.
Berdasarkan jawapan anda dalam 2(b) dan 2(c),hubungkaitkan antara jenis gerakan
dengan daya paduan yang bertindak ke atas kapalterbang atau beban.
…………………………………...……………………………………………………...
…………………………………...……………………………………………………...
[1 mark ]
(e) Name the phenomenon shown in Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 2.2.
Namakan fenomena fizik yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2.1 dan Rajah 2.2.
……………………………………...…………………………………………………...
[ 1 mark ]

CHAPTER 2: PRESSURE
TOPIK 2: TEKANAN
1. Two sharp nails and two blunt nails are held on a piece of wood. Each nail is hit with the
same hammer with the same amount of force.
When it is hit, which nail causes the greatest pressure on the wood?
Dua paku yang tajam dan dua paku yang tumpul diletakkan di atas sekeping kayu. Setiap
paku diketuk oleh penukul dengan jumlah daya yang sama.
Apabila diketuk, paku yang manakah yang akan menyebabkan tekanan paling tinggi?
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
2 Diagram 7 shows a simple mercury barometer. The vertical height of the mercury column
is h cm.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan sebuah barometer merkuri ringkas. Tinggi turus tegak merkuri itu
ialah h cm.
h cm
Diagram 2
Rajah 2

What is the pressure at S?
Apakah tekanan pada S?
A h cm Hg / h cm Hg
B approximately zero / menghampiri sifar
C atmospheric pressure + h cm Hg / tekanan atmosfera + h cm Hg
3 Which statement correctly describes the pressure exerted by the carbon dioxide?
Kenyataan yang manakah benar mengenai tekanan yang dikenakan oleh gas karbon
dioksida?
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
A It is equal to the atmospheric pressure

Sama dengan tekanan atmosfera
B It is equal to 5 cm of mercury
Sama dengan 5 cm merkuri
C It is equal to 5 cm of mercury above atmospheric pressure
Sama dengan 5 cm merkuri lebih tinggi daripada tekanan atmosfera
4 Diagram 9 shows a gas molecules inside a cylinder. The piston is moved slowly
downwards and the temperature of the gas stays the same.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan molekul-molekul gas di dalam sebuah silinder. Piston digerakkan
ke bawah secara perlahan-lahan dan suhu gas tidak berubah.
Diagram 4
Rajah 4

Why does the pressure of the gas increase?
Mengapakah tekanan gas di dalam bekas meningkat?
A The molecules collide harder with the walls

Molekul-molekul gas melanggar dinding dengan kuat
B The molecules collide more often with the walls
Molekul-molekul gas melanggar dengan lebih kerap
C The molecules move more quickly
Molekul-molekul gas bergerak dengan lebih cepat
D The number of molecules increases
Bilangan molekul-molekul bertambah
5 Bubbles of gas, escaping from the mud at the bottom of a deep lake, rise to the surface.
Buih-buih gas membesar apabila ia naik mendekati permukaan air
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
Why the bubbles become larger as the bubbles rise to the surface of water ?.
Kenapa saiz buih bertambah apabila mendekati permukaan air ?.
A Atmospheric pressure on the bubbles decreases

Tekanan atmosfera pada buih berkurangan
B Atmospheric pressure on the bubbles increases
Tekanan atmosfera pada buih meningkat
C Water pressure on the bubbles decreases
Tekanan air pada buih berkurangan
D Water pressure on the bubbles increases
6. Diagram 8 represents gas molecules contained in a cylinder. The piston is moved

slowly downwards and the temperature of the gas stays the same.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan molekul-molekul gas di dalam sebuah silinder. Omboh
digerakkan perlahan-lahan ke bawah dan suhu gas tidak berubah.

omboh
silinder
molekul gas
Diagram 6
Rajah 6
Why does the pressure of the gas increase?

Mengapakah tekanan gas meningkat?
A The molecules collide harder with the walls

Molekul-molekul berlanggar dengan lebih kuat pada dinding bekas
B The molecules collide more often with the walls

Molekul-molekul berlanggar dengan kebih kerap dengan dinding bekas
C The molecules move more quickly

Molekul-molekul bergerak dengan lebih laju
7. Diagram 7 shows two boys X and Y, both have the same weight and are standing on
soft ground.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan dua orang budak X dan Y mempunyai berat yang sama sedang
memijak tanah yang lembut.
Diagram 7
Rajah 7

Which boy is more likely to sink into the ground?
Budak yang manakah mungkin terbenam ke dalam tanah?
Boy more likely to sink Pressure on soft ground

Budak yang mungkin terbenam Tekanan pada tanah lembut
A X Larger than Y
Lebih besar daripada Y
B X Smaller than Y
Lebih kecil daripada Y
C Y Larger than X
Lebih besar daripada X
D Y Smaller than X
Lebih kecil daripada X
8. The measuring cylinder containing some water stands on a scale pan. A solid ball is
lowered into the water.
The water level rises from the 30 cm3 mark to the 40 cm3 mark as shown in diagram 8.1
and 8.2. The scale reading increases from 100 g to 180 g.
Silinder penyukat di bawah menunjukkan air di dalam sebuah penimbang. Sebiji bola
pejal dimasukkan ke dalam air tersebut.
Air naik daripada bacaan 30 cm3 ke 40 cm3 seperti yang ditunjukkan pada rajah 8.1 dan
8.2. Bacaan penimbang pula meningkat daripada 100 g menjadi 180 g.

Rajah 8.1
Rajah 8.2
What is the density of the ball?

Apakah ketumpatan bola tersebut?
A 2.0 g cm-3 C 8.0 g cm-3
B 4.5 g cm-3 D 18.0 g cm-3

9. When the depth of a liquid increases, its pressure
Apabila kedalaman bertambah, tekanannya
A remains constant
tetap
B Increases
meningkat
C Decreases
Menurun
10. Diagram 9 shows a ship floating on the surface of the sea. The density of sea water is 1020 kg
m-3.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan kapal yang terapung di permukaan air laut. Ketumpatan air laut ialah
1020 kg m-3.
Diagram 9
Rajah 9
The volume of the ship below the water level of the sea is 600 m3. The weight of the ship is
Isipadu kapal yang berada di bawah permukaan air laut ialah 600 m3. Berat kapal tersebut
ialah
A 6.12 x 105 N
B 6.13 x 105 N
C 6.00 x 106 N
D 6.12 x 106 N

SOALAN STRUKTUR
Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2 show two solid spheres A and B with different density place in the
water.
Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan dua sfera pepejal A dan B dengan ketumpatan yang berbeza
diletakkan di dalam air.

Rajah 1.1 Rajah 1.2
(a) What is meant by density?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ketumpatan?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(b) Based on Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.1,

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2,
(i) compare the density of sphere A and sphere B

bandingkan ketumpatan sfera A dan sfera B
……………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) compare the weight of sphere A and sphere B
bandingkan berat sfera A dan sfera B
………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]

(iii) compare the weight of water displaced by sphere A and sphere B
bandingkan berat air yang tersesar oleh sfera A dan sfera B
……………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
(iv) relate the weight of sphere and the weight of water displaced
hubungkaitkan antara berat sfera dan berat air yang tersesar
………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(v) relate the weight of water displaced and upthrust
hubungkaitkan antara berat air yang tersesar dan daya apungan
………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(c) Name the physics principle involved in Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2.
Namakan prinsip fizik yang terlibat dalam Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2.
………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(d) State one application of physics principle in 1 (c).

Nyatakan satu aplikasi fizik yang terlibat dalam Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2.
………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]

2. Diagram 2.1 shows a concrete water tank filled with water.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sebuah tangki konkrit yang diisi dengan air.
Diagram 2.1
Rajah 2.1
(a) State a factor that affects the water pressure in the tank.
Nyatakan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan air di dalam tangki.
...................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) (i) Compare the water pressure at P and Q
Bandingkan tekanan air pada P dan Q
...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the water pressure at Q.
(Density of water = 1000 kg m-3 )
Hitungkan tekanan air pada Q
(Ketumpatan air = 1000 kg m-3)
[2 marks/markah]

(c) Diagram 2.2 shows water flows from the concrete tank to the house water tank.
Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan air mengalir dari tangki konkrit ke tangki air di rumah.
Diagram 2.2
Rajah 2.2
(i) What is the factor that causes the water to flow from the concrete tank to the
water tank in the house?
Apakah faktor yang menyebabkan air boleh mengalir dari tangki konkrit ke tangki air
di rumah?
............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) The flow of water from the concrete tank to the house will stop at level P.
Explain why the supply stops?
Pengaliran air dari tangki konkrit ke tangki air di rumah akan terhenti pada paras P.
Terangkan mengapa pengalirannya berhenti?
..........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2 marks/2 markah]
(d) Suggest two modifications that can be done to ensure the water flow continously to the
house water tank.
Cadangkan dua pengubahsuaian yang boleh dibuat untuk memastikan air dapat
mengalir secara berterusan ke tangki di rumah kediaman.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks/2 markah]

CHAPTER 3: ELECTRICITY
TOPIK 3: ELEKTRIK
1. Which diagram shows the correct electric field pattern between two charged spheres?
Rajah manakah menunjukkan garis medan elektrik yang benar antara dua cas sfera?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2. Work done in moving a charge of 2.0 C from point A to point B is 100 J. What is the
potential difference between point A and B?
Kerja yang dilakukan oleh cas 2.0 C dari titik A ke titik B adalah 100 J. Apakah beza
keupayaan antara titik A dan titik B?
A. 25 V C. 100 V
B. 50 V D. 200 V

3. Diagram 2 shows three identical bulbs P, Q and R connected in series to a 3 V battery.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan tiga mentol serupa P, Q dan R bersambung secara sesiri dengan bateri
3V
3V
. P Q R
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
Compare the brightness of the bulbs.
Bandingkan kecerahan mentol
A. P is brighter than R
P lebih cerah dari R
B. R is brighter than Q
R lebih cerah berbanding Q
C. R is brighter than P
R lebih cerah berbanding P
D. The brightness of P, Q and R are the same
Kecerahan P, Q dan R adalah sama
4. Which of the following circuit shows a voltmeter connected is used to measure the potential
difference across the cell?
Litar yang manakah menunjukkan sambungan voltmeter yang betul untuk mengukur beza
keupayaan merentasi sel kering?

5. The circuit shown in Diagram 3 contains four lamps and three switches.
Litar dalam rajah 3 mengandungi empat lampu dan tiga suis
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
Which switches must be closed to light up only lamps 1 and 3?

Suis yang manakah harus dihidupkan untuk menyalakan lampu 1 dan 3 sahaja
A. switch 1 only
suis 1 sahaja
B. switch 1 and switch 2 only
suis 1 dan suis 2 sahaja
C. switch 1 and switch 3 only
D. switch 2 and switch 3 only
6. A circuit is set up as shown in the Diagram 5.

Sebuah litar telah dipasang seperti dalam rajah 5.
Diagram 5
Rajah 5

Assuming that the ammeter has negligible resistance, what is the value of the resistor R ?
Dengan menganggapkan bahawa rintangan di dalam ammeter boleh diabaikan, apakah
nilai rintangan untuk perintang R?
A. 0.5 Ω
B. 1.5 Ω
C. 5Ω
D. 15 Ω
7. Diagram 8 shows wiring system for the bulb L1, L2 and L3. Each bulb is labelled 12V, 30
W.Power supply of 12 V is connected across XY.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan sistem pendawaian bagi mentol L1, L2 dan L3. Setiap mentol berlabel
12 V, 30 W. Bekalan kuasa 12 V disambung merentasi XY.
X
Y
Diagram 8
Rajah 8
What iWhat is the value of current flows through XY?

Berap Berapakah nilai arus yang mengalir pada XY
A. 0.4 A
B. 2.5 A
C. 7.5 A
D. 12.0 A

8. Diagram 10 shows two identical resistors are connected in parallel.
Rajah 10 menunjukkan dua perintang yang serupa disambungkan secara selari.
A1
A2
A3
Diagram 10
Rajah 10
Which of the following readings are correct.

Antara berikut manakah benar mengenai bacaan ammeter
A. A1> A2 =A3
B. A1>A3>A2
C. A2>A3 = A1
D. A3>A2>A1
9. A graph of potential difference against current for a conductor is shown below.

Graf beza keupayaan lawan arus bagi sebuah konduktor ditunjukkan di bawah.
V/V
I/A
Which statement is incorrect ?

Pernyataan yang manakah tidak benar ?
A. The potential difference is direcly proportional to the current

Beza keupayaan berkadar terus dengan arus
B. The gradient is equal to the resistance
Kecerunan graf mewakili rintangan
C. The conductor used obeys Ohm’s law
Konduktor yang digunakan mematuhi Hukum Ohm
D. The conductor used is a bulb
Konduktor itu ialah sebuah mentol

10. Diagram 11 is a graph which shows how the potential difference, V, across the terminals of a
cell changes with the current, I, through the cell.
Rajah 11 ialah graf yang menunjukkan bagaimana beza keupayaan,V, merentasi terminal
sebuah sel berubah dengan arus, I, melalui sel itu.
V/V
1.2
0.4
0 I/A
0.20 0.84
Diagram 11
Rajah 11
What is the internal resistance of the cell?

Berapakah rintangan dalam sel itu?
A. 0.80 Ω
B. 1.16 Ω
C. 1.25 Ω
D. 1.43 Ω
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. Diagram 3 shows photograph of an electric circuit. The circuit contains four identical
bulbs connected to four identical new dry cells.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan fotograf bagi satu litar elektrik. Litar itu mengandungi empat
mentol serupa disambung kepada empat sel kering baru yang serupa.
Diagram 3

Rajah 3
(a) What is the type of the circuit?
Apakah jenis litar elektrik tersebut?
...........................................................................................................................................
[1 marks] [1 markah]
(b) Draw an electric circuit diagram for the above arrangement of apparatus using
appropriate symbols.
Lukiskan satu rajah litar elektrik bagi susunan radas diatas dengan menggunakan
simbol-simbol yang sesuai.
[2 marks] [ 2 markah]
(c) Compare the brightness of the lamps J , K ,L and M. Tick (√) one box below.
Bandingkan kecerahan mentol J , K , L dan M. Tandakan satu (√) pada kotak yang
berkenaan
The brightness of lamp J >lamp K > lamp L > lamp M
Kecerahan mentol J>mentol K > mentol L > mentol M
The brightness of lamp L >lamp K > lamp J > lamp M

Kecerahan mentol L >mentol K > mentol J > mentol M
The brightness of lamp J = lamp K = lamp L = lamp M

Kecerahan mentol J =mentol K = mentol L = lamp
[1 mark] [ 1 markah]
(d) Give one reason for your answer in (c).

Beri sebab bagi jawapan anda dalam (c).
….........................................................................................................................................
(e) Explain why the circuit above is used in the house lighting circuit.
Terangkan mengapa litar di atas digunakan dalam sistem pendawaian di rumah.
...........................................................................................................................................

2. Diagram 8.1 shows an electric kettle labelled ‘240 V, 1 kW’. The heating element
is embeded in the metal case.
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan satu cerek elektrik berlabel ‘240 V, 1 kW’. Elemen
pemanas telah dimasukkan ke dalam bekas logam tersebut.
Diagram 8.1/ Rajah 8.1
(a) What is meant by the label ‘240 V, 1 kW’?

Apa yang dimaksudkan dengan ‘240 V, 1 kW’?
.........................................................…….………………………………………
[1 mark] [1 markah]
(b) Calculate the current flowing through the kettle.

Hitungkan arus yang mengalir melalui cerek tersebut.
[2 marks]/[2 markah ]
(c) Calculate the amount of heat that produced by the heating element in 5
minutes.
Hitungkan jumlah haba yang akan dihasilkan oleh elemen pemanas dalam 5
minit.
[2 marks]/[2 markah ]

(d) The manufacturer of the electric kettle intends to produce a new kettle which can
boil the water faster. Table 8.1 shows the characteristics of different heating
elements.
Pengilang bagi cerek elektrik tersebut bercadang menghasilkan satu cerek yang
baru yang mana dapat mendidihkan air dengan lebih cepat. Jadual 8.1
menunjukkan ciri-ciri elemen pemanas yang berlainan.
Material of the heating

element / Bahan untuk Shape of the heating element /
membentuk elemen pemanas Bentuk untuk elemen pemanas
Wire coiled inside the metal case /

Copper / Kuprum Lilitan wayer di dalam bekas logam
A straight wire inside the metal case /
Iron / Besi Wayar lulus di dalam bekas logam
Nichrome / Nikrom
Table 8.1/ Jadual 8.1
Based on Table 8.1:

Berdasarkan Jadual 8.1:
(i) Which of the material is most suitable for the heating element?
Manakah satu bahan yang paling sesuai untuk membentuk elemen pemanas?
…………………………………………………………….…………………….
[1 mark][1 markah]
(ii) Give two reasons for your answer in 8(d)(i).

Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan di 8(d)(i).
……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark][1 markah]
(iii)Which is the best shape to be used to form a heating element?

Manakah satu bentuk yang paling sesuai untuk dijadikan elemen pemanas?
………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark][1 markah]
(iv)Give one reason for your answer in 8(d)(iii).

Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan di 8(d)(iii).
…………………………………………………………..……………………
[1 mark][1 markah]

CHAPTER 4: ELECTROMAGNETISM
TOPIK 4: KEELECTROMAGNETAN
1 Which of the following instruments does not apply the effects of electromagnet in its working
principle?
Antara instrument berikut, yang manakah tidak menggunakan kesan electromagnet dalam
prinsip kerjanya?
A Ticker timer C Circuit breaker
Pita detik Pemutus litar
B Electric bell D Current generator
Loceng elektrik Penjana arus
2 Diagram 1 shows an electromagnet in a magnetic relay.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan electromagnet dalam geganti magnet.
Diagram 1/ Rajah 1
What change will increase the strength of the electromagnet?

Apakah perubahan yang akan meningkatkan kekuatan electromagnet?
A Reduce the number of coils

Kurangkan bilangan gegelung
B Increase the magnitude of current
Meningkatkan magnitude arus
C Use a thinner wire to form the coils
Gunakan wayar yang lebih nipis untuk membentuk gegelung
D The metal used to make the core is aluminium
Logam yang digunakan untuk membuat teras adalah aluminium

3 Diagram 2 shows a current-carrying conductor placed between two magnetic poles
Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu conductor berarus di antara dua kutub magnet.
Diagram 2 / Rajah 2
Between directions A, B, C and D, which is the direction of motion of the conductor?
Antara arah A, B, C dan D yang manakah adalah arah gerakan bagi konduktor tersebut?
4 Diagram 3 shows current I, flowing in two identical solenoids placed to each other.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan arus I, mengalir dalam dua solenoid serupa yang diletakkan
berdekatan.
Which of the following shows the pattern of magnetic field formed around area X?
Antara rajah berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan corak dan arah medan magnet yang
terhasil di kawasan X?
A C
B D

5 Diagram 4 shows the arrangement of apparatus to investigate the strength of an electromagnet.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji kekuatan suatu elektromagnet.
The number of pins attracted to the rod can be increased by

Bilangan pin yang tertarik kea rah rod besi lembut boleh ditambah dengan
I increasing the resistance of the rheostat
Menambah rintangan rheostat
II increasing the nuber of turn of the oil
Menambahkan bilangan lilitan gegelung
III increasing the thickness of the insulated copper wire
Menambahkan ketebalan wayar kuprum bertebat
A I and II
B I and III
C II and III
6 A students is trying to determine the direction of the magnetic field produced by a current in a
straight wire. Which of the following methods is correct?
Seorang pelajar sedang mencuba untuk menentukan medan magnet yang terhasil oleh arus
dalam satu dawai lurus. Antara kaedah berikut, yang manakah benar?
A C
B D

7 Diagram 5 shows the set up of the apparatus to study the magnetic field due to a current in a
solenoid. When the switch, K is off, the needle of the compass points to the north.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji medan magnet disebabkan arus dalam
sebuah solenoid. Apabila suis, K dimatikan, jarum kompas menunjukkan arah utara.
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
Which direction will the compass needle point when switch K is on?
Arah manakah akan ditunjukkan oleh kompas apabila suis K dihidupkan?
A North C West
Utara Barat
B South D East
Selatan Timur
8 A current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, as shown in diagram 6.

Satu konduktor yang membawa arus di dalam medan magnet seperti ditunjukkan dalam rajah
6.
Diagram 6/ Rajah 6

Which of the following shows the correct pattern of the interaction between two magnetic field?
Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan corak yang betul mengenai interaksi antara dua
medan magnet?
A C
B D
9 Induced electromotive force can be produced in a conductor by

Satu d.g.e aruhan boleh dihasilkan dalam sebuah konductor dengan
A Staying stationary in unchanged magnetic field

Kekal pegun dalam sebuah medan magnet yang tidak berubah
B Moving in perpendicular to the magnetic field
Bergerak serenjang dengan medan magnet
C Moving in parallel to the magnetic field
Bergerak selari dengan medan magnet
10 Diagram 9 shows a bar magnet moving towards a solenoid.

Rajah 9 menunjukkan magnet bar digerakkan ke arah solenoid.
Diagram 9/ Rajah 9
Which of these actions will not increase the deflection of the galvanometer?
Tindakan manakah yang tidak akan menambah pesongan jarum galvanometer?
A Reversing the polarity of the magnet

Menukar kutub magnet
B Increasing the number of coils in the solenoid
Menambah lilitan solenoid

C Increasing the speed og the bar magnet
Menambah laju magnet
D Increasing the number of magnets used
Menambah bilangan magnet
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. Diagram 1 shows a conductor rod AB moves across two magnets at a constant speed in the z-
direction. The galvanometer shows a deflection towards the right.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebatang rod konduktor AB bergerak di antara dua magnet pada
kelajuan yang dimalarkan pada arah-z. Galvanometer menunjukkan pesongan ke arah kanan.
Diagram 1/ Rajah 1
How would the pointer of the galvanometer move if,

Bagaimana keadaan penunjuk galvanometer jika,
a) The copper coil is moved at a greater speed in the z-direction?

Dawai kuprum digerakkan pada kelajuan yang lebih laju pada arah z?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]
b) The copper coil is held stationary between the U-pole and S-pole?
Gegelung kuprum dibiarkan pegun antara kutub U dan kutub S?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]

c) The copper coil is moved downwards, opposite from the z-direction?
Gegelung kuprum digerakkan ke bawah, bertentangan dari arah-z?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]
d) The copper coil is moved ih the x-direction?

Gegelung kuprum digerakkan dalam arah-x?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]
e) The copper coil is oved in the y-direction?

Gegelung kuprum digerakkan dalam arah-x?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]
f) The copper coil is held stationary but both magnets moved in the z- direction?
Gegelung kuprum dibiarkan pegun tetapi kedua-dua magnet digerakkan dalam arah-z?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]

2. Diagram 3 shows a bar magnet is dropped into a solenoid with different position, (a) and (b).
In both situations, the galvanometer is deflected.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan sebatang magnet dijatuhkan ke dalam sebuah solenoid dari kedudukan
yang berbeza, (a) dan (b). Dalam dua situasi itu, galvanometer didapati terpesong.
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
a) Name the physics concept shown in Diagram 3.

Namakan konsep fizik yang ditunjukkan pada rajah 3.
________________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]
b) Based on diagram 3(a) and 3(b),

Berdasarkan Rajah 3(a) dan 3(b),
i) Compare the distance between the bar magnet and solenoid.

Bandingkan jarak di antara magnet bar dan solenoid.
_________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]
ii) Compare the angle of deflection of the pointer in the galvanometer.

Bandingkan sudut pesongan jarum galvanometer.
_________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]

iii) Compare the relative motion of the bar magnet
Bandingkan halaju relatif bar magnet
_________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]
c) State the name given to the current that flows in the circuit
Nyatakan nama arus yang mengalir di dalam litar itu
________________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]
d) Based on your answer in (b) , explain why there is a

Berdasarkan jawapan anda di 2(b), terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan magnitude
arus yang mengalir di dalam kedua-dua litar itu?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[ 3marks / markah]
e) Name the physics law involved in 3(b)

Namakan hukum fizik yang terlibat dalam 3(b)
________________________________________________________________________
[ 1mark/ markah]

CHAPTER 5: ELECTRONICS
TOPIK 5: ELEKTRONIK
1 What is emitted when the hot metal filament in a cathode-ray tube?

Apakah yang dibebaskan oleh filamen logam yang panas di dalam sebuah tiub sinar katod?
A Alpha particle
Zarah alpha
B Electrons
Elektron
C Protons
Proton
D X-rays
sinar-x
3. A student sets up the circuit as shown. The bulb does not light up.
Seorang pelajar memasang litar seperti dalam rajah. Mentol tidak menyala.
Diagram 28
Rajah 28
What should be done to light up the bulb?

Apa yang perlu dilakukan untuk menyalakan mentol tersebut?
A Changing the supply to a 12 V battery

Tukar bekalan kuasa dengan bateri 12 V
B Inserting a fuse.
Sambungkan fius dalam litar
C Reversing the battery connections
Songsangkan sambungan bateri
D Reversing the connections to the lamp
Songsangkan sambungan ke mentol
4. If c, b and e have the usual meanings for a transistor, which one of the transistors below is
correctly labelled?
Jika c, b dan e mempunyai maksud yang biasa bagi sebuah transistor, antara transistor di
bawah, yang manakah dilabelkan dengan betul ?

5. Which of the following is the symbol for a light sensitive component?
Yang manakah antara berikut adalah simbol bagi satu komponen peka cahaya ?
6. A cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) is connected in a circuit as shown in Diagram 32.

Sebuah osiloskop sinar katod (OSK) disambungkan kepada sebuah litar seperti yang
ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 32.
Diagram 32
Rajah 32
Which of the following trace is produced by the Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO)
screen in the circuit of Diagram 32?
Manakah antara surihan berikut dihasilkan oleh skrin Osiloskop Sinar Katod (OSK) pada
litar di Rajah 32?

6. Which circuit will light up the bulb?
Litar yang manakah menyalakan mentol?

7. The following circuit diagrams show four diodes connected to an ac power supply. Which
circuit will make the bulb lights up with maximum brightness?
Rajah litar berikut menunjukkan empat diod yang disambung kepada bekalan kuasa au. Litar
yang manakah akan menyebabkan mentol menyala dengan kecerahan yang
maksimum?
8. Diagram 29 shows a circuit connected to the cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO).

Rajah 29 menunjukkan satu litar yang disambungkan kepada osiloskop sinar
katod (OSK).
Diagram 29
Rajah 29

Which of the following traces displayed on the CRO is correct when diode P
is reversed ?
Antara surihan berikut, yang manakah surihan yang betul dipaparkan pada OSK apabila
diod P disongsangkan ?
9. Which of the following is true regarding cathode rays?

Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang sinar katod?
A It is positively charged.
Ia bercas positive
B It has same characteristics as beta rays.
Ia mempunyai sifat yang sama seperti sinar beta
C It travels at the same speed as gamma rays.
Ia merambat pada laju sama dengan sinar gamma.
D It deflects towards south pole of a magnetic bar.
Ia terpesong ke kutub selatan suatu bar magnet.

10. Diagram 28 shows a transistor circuit which functions as a safety vault alarm system.
Rajah 28 menunjukkan litar transistor yang berfungsi sebagai satu sistem penggera peti
keselamatan.
Diagram 28
Rajah 28
What happens to the resistance of P and the state of Q when the surrounding is dark?
Apakah yang berlaku kepada rintangan P dan keadaan Q apabila persekitarannya adalah
gelap?
Resistance of P State of Q
Rintangan P Keadaan Q
A Low Activated
Rendah Dihidupkan
B Low Not activated
Rendah Tidak dihidupkan
C High Activated
Tinggi Dihidupkan
D High Not activated
Tinggi Tidak dihidupkan

SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2 shows two diodes A and B , two bulbs P and Q are connected
to a dry cell with two different arrangement.
Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan dua diod A dan B, dua mentol P dan Q di sambung
kepada satu sel kering dengan dua susunan yang berbeza.

Rajah 1.1 Rajah 2.2
(a) Based on Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2,

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2,
(i) compare the connection of diodes to the terminal of the dry cell.
bandingkan sambungan diod-diod kepada terminal sel kering
…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(ii) compare the lighting of the bulbs.
Bandingkan nyalaan mentol-mentol itu
…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(iii) Relate the connection of diodes to the terminal of the dry cell with the
lighting of the bulbs.
Hubungkaitkan antara sambungan diod-diod kepada terminal sel kering
dengan nyalaan mentol.
…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(b) (i) Draw the arrangement of four diodes and suitable power supply in the
space given in Diagram 6.3 that can be used to produce full wave
rectifier circuit.
Lukiskan susunan radas empat diod dan bekalan kuasa yang sesuai di dalam
ruangan yang disediakan dalam Rajah 6.3 untuk menghasilkan litar
rektifikasi gelombang penuh.

To CRO
[3 marks]
(ii) Draw the wave form of full wave rectification
Lukiskan bentuk rektifikasi gelombang penuh.
[1 mark]
(iii) Name an electronic component that can be used to smooth the current
produced.
Namakan satu komponen elektronik yang boleh digunakan untuk melicinkan
arus elektrik yang terhasil.
………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
2. Diagram 1.1 shows an arrangement of electronic components that are connected to a Cathode Ray
Oscilloscope (C.R.O.). A wave pattern is produced on the screen of the C.R.O.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan satu susunan komponen elektronik yang disambungkan kepada satu
Osiloskop Sinar Katod (O.S.K.). Satu corak gelombang telah terhasil di atas skrin O.S.K.
Diagram 1.1

Rajah 1.1
(a) Name the electronic component labelled M.

Namakan komponen elektronik berlabel M.
…………………………………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) Diagram 2.2 and Diagram 2.3 show the wave pattern on the C.R.O. screen when a capacitor
with capacitance of 10 F and 20 F is connected to the circuit respectively.
Rajah 2.2 dan Rajah 2.3 menunjukkan corak gelombang di atas skrin O.S.K. apabila satu
kapasitor dengan kapasitan 10 F dan 20 F disambung kepada litar masing-masing.
Diagram 2.2
Rajah 2.2

Diagram 2.3
Rajah 2.3
Observe Diagram 2.2 and Diagram 2.3.

Perhatikan Rajah 2.2 dan Rajah 2.3.
(i) Compare the capacitance of the capacitor.

Bandingkan nilai kapasitans bagi kapasitor.
……………………………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Compare the smoothness of wave pattern on the C.R.O. screen.

Bandingkan kerataan corak gelombang di atas skrin O.S.K..
……………………………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii) Compare the magnitude of peak voltage, VP.

Bandingkan magnitud voltan puncak, VP.
……………………………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iv) Relate the capacitance of the capacitor and the smoothness of wave pattern.
Hubungkait kapasitans bagi kapasitor dengan kerataan corak gelombang.
……………………………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]

[1 markah]
(c) Name the type of rectification occurs.

Namakan jenis rektifikasi yang berlaku.
…………………………………………………………………………………………............
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(d) Explain how the capacitor smoothen the output voltage.

Terangkan bagaimana kapasitor boleh meratakan voltan output.
…………………………………………………………………………………………............
…………………………………………………………………………………………............
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

CHAPTER 6: NUCLEAR PHYSICS
TOPIK 6: FIZIK NUKLEAR
1 Which of the following nuclides does not have same the number of protons and neutrons?
Antara nuklid yang berikut, manakah tidak mempunyai bilangan proton dan neutron yang sama?
A 4 He C 12 C
2 6
9 16
B Be D O
4 8
2 A nucleus of the element chlorine can 35

be represented by symbol
35
17
Cl. What is the structure of a neutral
17 atom of chlorine?
Nukleus bagi unsur klorin boleh diwakili dengan simbol 3517 Cl. Apakah struktur atom klorin yang
neutral?
Number Number Number

of of of
protons electrons neutrons
Bilangan Bilangan Bilangan
proton elektron neutron
A 17 17 18
B 17 18 17
C 17 18 35
D 18 17 35
3 Table 1 shows a list of nuclide.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan satu senarai nuklid.
Nucleon Proton
Nuclide number number
Nuklid Nombor Nombor
nukleon proton
P 12 6
Q 14 6
R 14 7
S 16 8
Table 1 Jadual 1
Which of the nuclides above are isotopes?
Nuklid di atas yang manakah adalah isotop?
A P and Q C P and S
P dan Q P dan S
B Q and R D R and S
Q dan R R dan S

4 Diagram 1 shows alpha particles, beta particles and gamma ray directed towards two types of
materials, X and Y.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan zarah alfa, zarah beta dan sinar gama dituju terhadap dua
jenis bahan, X dan Y.
Diagram 1 Rajah 1
Which of the following materials most probably are X and Y?
Antara bahan yang berikut, manakah berkemungkinan besar adalah X dan Y?
X Y
A Paper Aluminium
Kertas Aluminium
B Paper Lead
Kertas Plumbum
C Aluminium Lead
Aluminium Plumbum
D Aluminium Paper
Aluminium Kertas
5 Diagram 2 shows the tracks produced in a cloud chamber.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan runut-runut yang dihasilkan dalam kebuk awan.
Diagram 2 Rajah 2
Which of the following can produce the tracks shown?
Antara yang berikut, manakah boleh menghasilkan runut-runut seperti yang ditunjukkan?
A Light ray C Beta particles
Sinar cahaya Zarah beta
B Gamma ray D Alpha particles
Sinar gama Zarah alfa

6 Diagram 3 shows a graph of nucleon number, A against proton number, Z for the decay of the
nucleus of uranium-238 to radium-226.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan graf nombor nukleon, A melawan nombor proton, Z bagi reputan nukleus
uranium-238 kepada radium-226.
Diagram 3 Rajah 3
How many alpha and beta particles are emitted during the decaying process?
Berapakah zarah alfa dan zarah beta yang dikeluarkan semasa proses pereputan tersebut?
A 3 alpha particles, 1 beta particle
3 zarah alfa, 1 zarah beta
B 3 alpha particles, 2 beta particles
C 1 alpha particle, 3 beta particles
D 2 alpha particles, 3 beta particles
7 Diagram 4 shows an equation of the decay of isotope radon.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu persamaan bagi reputan radon isotop.
Diagram 4 Rajah 4
Which of the following can be X?
Antara yang berikut, manakah mungkin X?
A 218 X C 218 X
84 86
222 220
B X D X
84 86

8 Diagram 5 shows the decay curve of a radioactive substance.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan lengkungan reputan bagi satu bahan radioaktif.
Diagram 5 Rajah 5
If the initial activity of the radioactive substance is 160 counts per second, what is the activity
after 90 days?
Jika keaktifan awal bagi bahan radioaktif itu ialah 160 bilangan per saat, berapakah keaktifannya
selepas 90 hari?
A 2.5 C 13.3
B 5.0 D 26.7
9 What is the use of radioisotopes in the field of archaeology?

Apakah kegunaan radioisotop dalam bidang arkeologi?
A To determine the age of artifacts

Untuk menentukan usia bahan purba
B To determine the mass of artifacts
Untuk menentukan jisim bahan purba
C To determine the half-life of artifacts
Untuk menentukan setengah hayat bagi bahan purba
D To determine the chemical content in artifacts
Untuk menentukan kandungan kimia dalam bahan purba
10 When an atomic bomb is exploded, the energy released was equivalent to 2.5 g lost in mass. How
much energy was released by the atomic bomb?
[Speed of light: 3.0 × 108 m s–1]
Apabila satu bom atom meletup, tenaga yang dibebaskan sama dengan kehilangan jisim
sebanyak 2.5 g. Berapakah tenaga yang dibebaskan oleh bom atom tersebut?
[Halaju cahaya: 3.0 ×108 m s–1]
A 7.5 × 105 J
B 7.5 × 108 J
C 2.25 × 1014 J
D 2.25 × 1017 J

SOALAN STRUKTUR
1 Nucleus U is radioactive. The following equation shows that the nucleus U decays to produce
nucleus Y and an alpha particle.
238
Nukleus U adalah
92 radioaktif. Persamaan yang berikut menunjukkan nukleus U mereput
untuk menghasilkan nukleus Y dan satu zarah alfa.
U Y + Alpha particle + Energy

U Y + Zarah alfa + Tenaga
(a) How many neutrons are present in nucleus U?

Berapakah bilangan neutron yang hadir dalam nukleus U?
____________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(b) What is the nucleon number and atomic number of nucleus Y?
Apakah nombor nukleon dan nombor atom bagi nukleus Y?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
(c) (i) What is meant by alpha particle?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan zarah alfa?
____________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(ii) State one characteristic of alpha particle.
Nyatakan satu ciri bagi zarah alfa.
____________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(d) Explain how the energy is produced in the above equation.
Terangkan bagaimana tenaga dihasilkan dalam persamaan di atas.
____________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(e) Nucleus U has half life of 6 hours. If a sample contains 120 g of nucleus U, what is the mass
of U after 18 hours?
Nukleus U mempunyai setengah hayat 6 jam. Jika satu sampel mengandungi 120 g nukleus U,
berapakah jisim U selepas 18 jam?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

2 Diagram 2 shows how the thickness of a plastic sheet is controlled automatically using a
radioactive source.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan bagaimana ketebalan kepingan plastik dikawal secara automatik dengan
menggunakan sumber radioaktif.
Diagram 2 Rajah 2
The radioactive source contains radioisotope and the roller is used to compress the plastic sheet.
Table 2 shows four radioisotopes with their respective characteristics.
Sumber radioaktif mengandungi radioisotop dan penggelek digunakan untuk memampat kepingan
plastik.
Jadual 2 menunjukkan empat radioisotop dengan ciri-ciri masing-masing.
Types of Physical
Half-life
Radioisotope radiation state
Setengah
Radioisotop Jenis Keadaan
hayat
sinaran fizik
J Beta Liquid 10 days
Beta Cecair 10 hari
K Beta Solid 45 years
Beta Pepejal 45 tahun
L Alpha Solid 8 hours
Alfa Pepejal 8 jam
M Gamma Liquid 36 seconds
Gama Cecair 36 saat
Table 2 Jadual 2
(a) What is meant by radioisotope?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan radioisotop?
____________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(b) Based on Table 2 , state the suitable characteristics of a radioisotope for detecting the
thickness of plastic sheets.
Berdasarkan Jadual 2, nyatakan ciri yang sesuai bagi radioisotop untuk mengesan ketebalan
kepingan plastik.
(i) Type of radiation :________________________________________________________
Jenis sinaran
Reason :________________________________________________________
Sebab

(ii) Physical state : __________________________________________________________
Keadaan fizik
Reason : __________________________________________________________
Sebab
(iii) Half-life : __________________________________________________________

Setengah hayat
Reason : __________________________________________________________
Sebab
(c) Based on your answers in 2(b), choose the most suitable radioisotope in Table 2 to
determine the thickness of the plastic sheets.
Berdasarkan jawapan anda di 2(b), pilih radioisotop yang paling sesuai dalam Jadual 2
untuk menentukan ketebalan kepingan plastik.
________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(d) State the change in the reading of the ratemeter when a thinner plastic sheet is used.
Nyatakan perubahan dalam bacaan meter kadar apabila satu kepingan plastik yang lebih
nipis digunakan.
_________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

CHAPTER 7: QUANTUM PHYSICS
TOPIK 7: FIZIK KUANTUM
1. A photon refers to
Foton adalah
A. An electron released from a metal surface due to the shining of light on the metal.
Elektron yang dibebaskan daripada permukaan logam yang disinari cahaya.
B. A quantum of electromagnet radiation
Suatu kuantum sinaran electromagnet
C. A positively charged atom
Satu atom yang telah dicaskan positif
D. A unit of energy
Satu unit tenaga
2. Determine the momentum of a photon of visible light which has wavelength of 500 nm.
Tentukan momentum suatu foton bagi cahaya tampak dengan panjang gelombang 500 nm.
A. 3.32 x 10-40 kg m s-1

B. 9.95 x 10-32 kg m s-1
C. 1.33 x 10-27 kg m s-1
D. 3.98 x 10-19 kg m s-1
3. Ultraviolet ray of wavelength 365 nm is incident on rubidium in a vacuumized photocell.

Total power ultraviolet arrived on the rubidium surface is 4.8 x 10 -5 J s-1. The number of
photons arrived on the rubidium surface in a second is
Sinaran ultraungu dengan Panjang gelombang 365 nm ditujukan pada rubidium yang
berada dalam fotosel yang divakumkan. Jumlah kuasa bagi ultraungu yang tiba di
permukaan rubidium adalah 4.8 x 10-5 J s-1. Bilangan foton yang tiba di permukaan rubidium
dalam satu saat adalah
A. 1.32 x 102
B. 8.81 x 1013
C. 6.61 x 1026
D. 1.98 x 1035
4. In photoelectric effect, if wavelength of incident light increases,

Dalam kesan fotoelektrik, jika Panjang gelombang bagi cahaya tuju bertambah.
A. average kinetic energy of photoelectron decreases

tenaga kinetik purata bagi fotoelektron berkurang
B. maximum kinetic energy of photoelectron increases
tenaga kinetik maksimum bagi fotoelektron bertambah
C. minimum kinetic energy of photoelectron increases
tenaga kinetik minimum bagi fotoelektron bertambah
D. work function of the targeted metal increases
fungsi kerja bagi logam sasaran bertambah

5. Determine the stopping potential required to stop the fastest photoelectron ejected from
nickel surface if ultraviolet of wavelength 220 nm is shined on it. Work function of nickel is
5.01 eV.
Tentukan voltan pengaktifan yang diperlukan bagi menghentikan fotoelektron yang paling
laju yang dibebaskan bagi menghentikan fotoelektron yang paling laju yang dibebaskan
daripada permukaan nikel jika cahaya ultraungu dengan Panjang gelombang 220 nm
disinarkan pada nikel. Fungsi kerja nikel ialah 5.01 eV.
A. 0.02 eV
B. 0.64 eV
C. 10.66 eV
D. 43.91 eV
6. Diagram 1 shows result of experiment to investigate relationship between stopping potential,

V and frequency, f of the incident light.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen bagi penyiasatan hubungan antara voltan
pengaktifan, V dan frekuensi, f bagi cahaya tuju.
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
Gradient of the graph depends on

Kecerunan bagi graf bergantung kepada
A. Intensity of the incident light

Keamatan cahaya tuju
B. Wavelength of the incident light
Panjang gelombang cahaya tuju
C. Work function of the targeted metal
Fungsi kerja bagi logam sasaran.
D. Planck’s constant
Pemalar Planck

7. Which of the following graph shows correct relationship between maximum kinetic energy,
E,max of the photoelectrons and intensity of light, I in a photoelectric effect experiment?
Antara berikut, graf yang manakah menunjukkan hubungan yang betul antara tenaga kinetic
maksimum, Emaks bagi fotoelektron dan keamatan cahaya, I dalam eksperimen kesan
fotoelektrik?
A.
B.
C.
D.
8. Which statement is false for photoelectric effect application?

Pernyataan manakah yang plasu bagi aplikasi kesan fotoelektrik?
A. Solar cells
Sel suria
B. Relay switch
Suis geganti
C. Light detectors
Pengesan cahaya
D. The operation of the International Space Station (ISS)
Operasi Sistem Angkasa Antarbangsa (ISS)

9. What is the work function for tantalum (Ta) if its frequency is 1.03 x 1014 Hz?
Berapakah fungsi kerja tantalum (Ta) jika frekuensinya adalah 1.03 x 10 14 Hz?
A. 6.83 x 10-20 J
B. 6.92 x 10-20 J
C. 7.46 x 10-20 J
D. 8.81 x 10-20 J
10. Light is emitted on the surface of a metal with a work function of 2.30 eV. If the maximum
velocity of the photoelectrons emitted by the surface is 3.22 x 10 5 m s-1, what is the
wavelength of the light?
[Given that 1 eV = 1.60 x 10-19 J, h = 6.63 x 10-34 J s, m = 9.11 x 10-31 kg, hc = 1.32 x 103 eV
nm]
Cahaya dipancarkan ke permukaan suatu logam dengan fungsi kerja 2.30 eV. Jika halaju
maksimum fotoelektron yang terpancar keluar daripada permukaan itu ialah 3.22 x 10 5 m s-
1
, berapakah Panjang gelombang cahaya itu.
[Diberi bahawa 1 eV = 1.60 x 10 -19 J, h = 6.63 x 10-34 J s, m = 9.11 x 10-31 kg, hc = 1.32 x
103 eV nm]
A. 4.772 x 10-20 nm
B. 4.15 x 10-19 nm
C. 508.64 nm
D. 120.33 nm
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1. Diagram 1 shows the line spectrum of a light wave.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan spektrum garis bagi suatu gelombang cahaya.
Red Yellow
merah kuning
λ=700 nm λ=575 nm
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
(a) How is light produced?

Bagaimanakah cahaya dihasilkan?
………………………………………………………………………………...............
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(b) Observe Diagram 2:
Perhati Rajah 2:
(i) Calculate the photon energy of the red light.

Hitung tenaga foton bagi cahaya merah.
[2 marks/ 2 markah]
(ii) Calculate the photon energy of yellow light.

Hitung tenaga foton bagi cahaya kuning.
[2 marks/ 2 markah]
(c) Based on your calculation in b (i), state one deduction about the relationship
between the wavelength of light and the photon energy.
Berdasarkan pengiraan anda di b (i), nyatakan satu deduksi tentang
hubungan antara panjang gelombang cahaya dengan tenaga foton.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
2. Diagram 7 shows a graph of kinetic energy, K against frequency, f for a metal.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan graf tenaga kinetik, K melawan frekuensi, f bagi suatu logam.
Diagram 7
Rajah 7
(a) State the definition of work function.

Nyatakan definisi bagi fungsi kerja.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(b) Observe diagram 7:
Perhatikan rajah 7:
(i) Determine the value of frequency in Hz unit when K = 0 J.

Tentukan nilai frekuensi dalam unit Hz apabila K = 0 J.
[2 marks/ 2 markah]
(ii) Calculate the work function unit kJ.

Hitung fungsi kerja dalam unit kJ.
[2 marks/ 2 markah]
(c) What happens to the emission of photoelectron from the metal surface if the
frequency is less than 232 Hz? Give explanation for your answer.
Apakah yang berlaku pada pemancaran fotoelektron daripada permukaan
logam jika frekuensi itu kurang daripada 232 Hz? Beri penjelasan bagi
jawapan anda.
……………………………………………………………………………………….................
……………………………………………………………………………………….................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………...
[3 marks/ 3 markah]

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SCHOOL OF GLOBAL EXCELLENCE (SGE)

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 1

A Mass (g) C Electric current (mA)

B Time (h) D Temperature (K)

2 Which of the following consist of only scalar quantities?

3 Which of the following is a derived quantity?

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 2

7 Which graph shows that V is increasing linearly with θ?

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 3

Which quantity is the manipulated variable?

9 Diagram 2 shows a graph that represents the motion of a car.

Which statement is true?

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 4

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 5

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 6

(i) Vector quantity / Kuantiti vektor

(ii) Scalar quantity / Kuantiti skalar

(b) What is the unit of force, F, in base units?

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 7

2. Newton’s First Law Motion is also known as

This can be explained by

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 8

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 9

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 10

a) What is the distance travelled by the ball?

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 11

a) Explain the truth of the statement below.

As the gravitational force on P is 9 times that on Q, P will accelerate

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 12

A. The gravitational force is an attractive force

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 13

Which statement is correct about the motion of the rubber stopper?

A The rubber stopper is moving with the constant velocity

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 14

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 15

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 16

10. Which statement is incorrect about the characteristics of a geostationary satellite?

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 17

1. Diagram 1 shows two identical satelite, a non-geostationary satelites A and a

(b) Base on Diagram 1, compare

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 18

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 19

(b) Observe Diagram 2,

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 20

1. Diagram 1 shows a cooling curve of a liquid.

Which statement explains what happens in section XY

A Latent heat of fusion is released

2. Diagram 2 shows a pot

A to increase the stability of the pot

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 21

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 22

6. Diagram 4 shows the heating curve of a liquid.

A The forces between the liquid molecules are weaker

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 23

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 24

At which temperature are the blocks in thermal equilibrium?

9. Which graph shows Boyle’s law?

Liquid Specific heat capacity, Jkg-1 oC-1 Freezing point, oC

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 25

(a) What is the meaning of specific latent heat of vaporisation?

MODUL FIZIK POTENSI PAGE 26

(i) The energy absorbed by water

(ii) The mass of water which have vaporated