PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE
 KNOWLEDGE.
CULTURE
 Is the sum of the symbols, ideas, forms of
expressions and materials products associated
with a social system
 Is derived from the latin word cultus which
means "care"-a care and attention provided
to a human person as he grows into a mature
person
 Is a design, recipe or roadmap, for living
that guides the behavior of members of
society
 A very powerful force that affects the lives of
the member of a society
KIND OF CULTURE
 MATERIAL CULTURE. Refers to the concrete
and tangible things that man creates and uses.
This includes dwelling units, tools, weapons,
clothings, books, machine, artifacts relic, fossils
etc.-things that man creates by altering the
natural environment.
 NON-MATERIAL CULTURE. Refers to non-
material things or intangible objects which the
person uses, follows, professes, or strives to
conform. It includes knowledge ,laws,
lifestyles, techniques, ideas, customs,
behaviors, among others. This kind of culture
is the area of sociological
study.
NON MATERIAL CULTURE
 BELIEFS.
○ These are man's perception about
the reality of things and shared ideas
about how the environment
operates. Man's evolution, attitudes,
values, ideology, and religion may
influence man's belief.
○ superstitious beliefs are not
based on scientific evidences.
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Finals
○ Knowledge is a body of facts and beliefs
that people acquire and accumulate
over time. It consists of information
about places, events, and people. It
binds or links individuals in a society.
○ knowledge maybe natural, supernatural,
technical and magical.)
 NORMS.
○ These are guides or models of behavior
which tell how people should behave in a
particular situations; what people ought
or not ought to do. They set limits by
which individuals achieve their goals.
○ They regulate people's behavior in a
given society; a societal perception on
how one is to act in a given situations-
for example in any sport, restaurant,
church, recreational center, etc
○ Norms are usually in the form of rules,
standards or prescriptions and socially
shared expectations.
○ forms of norms
A. MORES. These are norms
associated with strong ideas of
right and wrong. Mores are
standards of conduct that are
highly respected and valued by the
group and their fulfillment is felt to
be necessary and vital group
welfare
B. FOLKWAYS. These are norms that
are simply customary, normal,
habitual ways a group does things.
These customary ways are
accumulated and become
repetitive patterns of expected
behavior, which tends to become
permanent traditions.
PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE
 SANCTIONS
○ Sanctions are prescribed norms of conduct
exposed by society to an individual for him
to conform to moral standards and accepts
those that are favorable to a group. Formal
sanctions are prescribed norms of conduct
that are written guide for individuals to
conform with.
○ Informal sanctions are those prescribed
norms of conduct which are transmitted
by word of mouth from one person or
group to another.
○ Whether formal or non-formal, sanctions
always imposed rewards to those who
observe the norms of conduct and punish
those whose violate the norms of conduct.
 LANGUAGE.
○ Perhaps, the most defining characteristics
of human being is the ability to develop and
use highly complex system of symbols like
language
 VALUES.
○ They are shared ideas about desirable
goals. They are the person's ideas about
worth and desirability or an abstract of
what is important and worthwhile.
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Finals
CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE
 CULTURE IS LEARNED AND ACQUIRED
○ Culture is not instinctive nor part or
biological equipment of man. It is acquired
through the senses and experiences from
the neighbors, family, playmates, schools,
churches, and other agents of socialization.
 CULTURED IS SHARED AND TRANSMITTED.
○ To continuously preserve culture, it is best
to share to other people or to transmit it to
the next generation, or else it will die a
natural death.
 CULTURE IS ADAPTIVE OR DYNAMIC
○ Culture is always changing. New ideas,
procedures, and techniques are added,
modified or discarded. People must be
prepared and ready to conform to these
changes .
 CULTURE IS CUMULATIVE.
○ Certain features of culture have been
retained today and they modified and
innovated to make them new and update.
 CULTURE IS IDEATIONAL
○ Culture is ideal pattern of behavior which
the members are expected to follow. Thus,
the members of society see society from
the standpoint of culture.
 CULTURE GRATIFIES HUMAN NEEDS.
○ Cultures continues to exist if it satisfies
human needs biologically and
psychologically. An individual is likely to
follow and observe cultural techniques that
satisfy his needs.
 CULTURAL IS SOCIAL
○ Culture is a group product developed by
many individuals interacting in a group. The
habits and knowledge of the members in a
group is shared by the other members.
 CULTURAL IS INTEGRATION
○ By integration, it means that there is a
tendency for individuals to fully appreciate
those elements in culture that are best for
them and these are very often integrated in
their personality and become a part of their
behavior.
PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE
FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE
 IT SERVES AS THE TRADEMARK OF THE
PEOPLE IN A SOCIETY.
○ It serves as a distinguishing mark of
one group of people to another.
 IT GIVES MEANING TO MAN'S
EXISTENCE.
○ There is no society that does not have
a culture. Through culture, the
existence of the members of a society
becomes more meaningful and
purposive
 CULTURE UNIFIES DIVERSE BEHAVIOR.
○ Each individual behavior that is brought
into the society is unified and
coordinated with other individual's
behavior.
 CULTURE PROVIDES SOCIAL
SOLIDARITY.
○ It develops loyalty and devotion for a
common national pride.
 CULTURE ESTABLISHES SOCIAL
PERSONALITY.
○ Despite differences among
individuals, there is only one social
personality that is produced in
society.
 CULTURE PROVIDES SYSTEMATIC
BEHAVIORAL PARTTERN.
○ Individuals are governed by culture.
Each culture consists of one norm as
basis for all individuals to observe.
 CULTURE PREDICTS SOCIAL BEHAVIOR.
○ Since knowledge and ideas are
internalized by the members of a
particular society, the culture of the
members can be the basis of predicting
the behavior of the members in the
society
 CULTURE PROVIDES SOCIAL
STRUCTURE CATEGORY.
○ The existing culture of the
people in a certain society could be
the basis of judging the kind of social
structure existing in the society .
PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE(CULTURE) Page 3
PRELIMS
MODES OF ACQUIRING CULTURE
 IMITATION.
○ Children and adults alike have the tendency to
imitate the values, attitudes, language and all
other things in their social environment.
 INDOCTRINATION OR SUGGESTION
○ This may take the form of formal training or
informal training. Formally, the person learns
from school. Informally, he may acquire those
behaviors from listening or watching, reading,
attending training activities or through
interaction.
 CONDITIONING.
○ The values and attitudes of other people
acquired through conditioning. This conditioning
can be reinforced through reward and
punishment.
ADAPTATION OF CULTURE
 PARALLELISM.
○ he same culture may take place in two or more
different places. For example, the
domestication of dogs, cats, pig and other
animals may have semblance in other places.
 DIFFUSION.
○ This refers to those behavioral patterns that
pass back and forth from one culture to
another. Examples are food and eating
practices, marriage and wedding ceremonies,
burial ritual, feast celebration.
 CONVERGENCE.
○ When two or more culture are fused or
merged into one culture making it different
from the original culture.
 FISSION.
○ When people break away from their original
culture and start developing a different culture
of their own
 ACCULTURATION.
○ Individuals incorporate the behavioral patterns of
other culture into their own either voluntary or by
force.
 ASSIMILATION.
○ When the culture of a larger society is adopted by
a smaller society , that small society assumes
some of culture of the larger or host of society
 ACCOMODATION.
○ When the larger society and smaller society are
able to respect and tolerate each other's culture
even if there is a prolonged contact of each
other's culture
PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE
FILIPINO CULTURAL VALUES
POSITIVE OR ACCEPTABLE CULTURAL
VALUES AND PRACTICES
 "BALIKATAN" SYSTEM
○ When an individual is confronted with a
problem or difficulty, everybody shares
the burden of helping the person who is
in need of assistance
○ Examples: sharing in the expenses
during an emergency or times of needs,
pooling a common fund from which the
members borrow for their needs; giving
reliefs in the form of cash or kind to a
person struck by calamities
 "BAYANIHAN" SYSTEM
○ A certain task is effectively and Easily
completed if everybody shares his
time, effort and money to expedite
the completion of a task.
○ Example: Transferring the whole nipa
hut to another place is done by
bayanihan way; digging a drainage canal
by the barangay people; cleaning the
area for the putting up a basketball
court
 "PAKIKISAMA" CONFORMITY
○ This is a positive way of yielding to the
groups's unanimous of majority's
decision so as to complete a task.
Without it, there would be disunity in
the group. To get along well with the
group, even with some important
commitment is "magaling makisama "
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PRELIMS
 SMOOTH INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP (SIR)
○ This is value based on good relationship with
people. SIR is characterized by the use of go-
between and euphemism. The use "go-
between" necessitates the hiring of a third
party to act as a "bridge" or referee to assuage
a bruise, heal a "wound" in his relations with
people whose good will is important.
○ Examples: act as middleman to an embarrassing
request as a loan, a complaint or to avoid "
hiya" or a face-to-face confrontation.
 "PAKIKIRAMAY"
○ This is sympathetic attitude to another person
and it is emphasized by the statement "di ka
nag-iisa". This is often practiced among friends,
neighbors, distant relatives and among barrio
mates and town mates. In times of grief or
distress or even the death of a person, the
bereaved family is extended a condolence by
other individuals.
 "COMPADRE OR COMADRE" SYSTEM
○ The closeness of family ties is usually extended
to ritual kinship to include "ninong" and
"ninang". These sponsors to a baptismal,
confirmation, or wedding ceremonies are
usually prominent people in the community.
 "UTANG NA LOOB" OR THE SENSE OF
GRATITUDE.
○ One aspect of this is in gif-giving, that is, when
a gift is given, it is "utang na loob" of the
recipient.
 DESIRE FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT
○ Every Filipino family wants to succeed and for
the children to be successful in their
aspirations. Parents feel that education can
bring success to their children as if it is the only
legacy they can give to them
 PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE PRELIMS

 HOSPITALITY VALUE  FLEXIBLE OR MAGALING MAKIBAGAY

○ This value is done by people welcoming visitors ○ The ability of Filipinos to " ride-on" or adjust to
with warmth and enthusiasm at home or by the norms of the other group just to attain
inviting them to visit their homes or wherever smooth harmonious relationship.
circumstances warrant. Hospitality can  RELIGIOUS
promote goodwill and cooperation ○ Most Filipinos posses strong conformance of
 FIESTA CELEBRATION. their religious belief both in words and in deeds.
 RESPECT TO ELEDERS.
○ Celebration can serve every important
purposes. It strengthens family loyalty and ○ A Filipino Filipino trait of Being courteous both
in words and deeds to other people.
unity; it serves to acquire new friends and  RESOURCEFULNESS
allies; may heal individual's animosity and
○ A Filipino trait of being creative and resourceful.
misunderstanding; may serve to strengthen
The ability to do things that are next to
the power structure; may serve to display the
impossible. Example is Fixing appliances that
affluence of the host. look impossible to repair
○ On the other hand, fiesta celebration has  PATIENCE
negative effects when the host incur so ○ Filipinos are known for their tenancy and strong
much debt that could hardly repay. determination in every undertaking.
 FAMILISM OR CLOSE FAMILY RELATIONS.
○ A Filipino trait of giving highest importance to
the family above other things. A trait wherein
family members should be taken care and
supported regardless of whether he/she did
something wrong, a family member must be
given and should not be abandoned.
 FUN LOVING TRAIT
○ A trait found in most Filipinos, a trait that
makes them unique that even in times of
calamities and other challenges in life, they
always have something to be happy about , a
reason to celebrate.
 COMPASSIONATE
○ A Filipino trait of being sympathetic to other
even if the person is a stranger. An example
of this is giving alms to the beggars. This is
observed when we hear Filipinos
saying,"kawawa naman or nakakaawa
naman"
 REGIONALISM
○ A Filipino trait of giving more priority or
preference in giving favors to his proving
mate before others.
 FRIENDLY
○ A trait found in most of Filipinos. They are
sincere, loyal, kind and sociable people.

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