Risk Factors:

Etiology:  Family history of

Idiopathic
Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Restrictive cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy
The chambers of the heart stretch out
and the valve doesn’t meet.
Ineffective/Weak contractions of
the cardiac muscles.
Blood fails to pump and flows
back to the heart to the lungs.
cardiomyopathy, heart
failure, and sudden cardiac
arrest
 Long-term high blood
pressure
 Conditions that affect the
heart, including a past heart
attack, coronary artery
disease or an infection in the
heart (ischemic
cardiomyopathy)
 Obesity, which makes the
heart work harder
 Long-term alcohol misuse
 Illicit drug use, such as
cocaine, amphetamines and
anabolic steroids
 Treatment with certain
chemotherapy drugs and
radiation for cancer
 Pregnancy (

Low cardiac output leading to

The sympathetic nervous system stimulates beta- Low Blood Pressure
less oxygen in the body.
adrenergic receptors

Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone
System (RAAS) activates. Blood backs up to the
pulmonary vessels

↑ Systemic vascular resistance, and

sodium and fluid retention Fluid is forced out of the capillaries
into the pleural space

↑ Blood pressure
Pleural effusion

Increase in workload on
Heart failure
the heart.

Compensatory
Mechanism fails
Difficulty of Breathing Fatigue Chest pain Fast, fluttering, or
pounding heartbeat.

Cardiac Arrest

Decrease in cerebral blood flow

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

Seizures

Coma