Chemistry

Unit 3: Electrons in Atoms

Section III Electron Configuration

CHAPTER 5: Quantum Theory and the Atom

Section III Lesson Notes: Electron Configuration

Electron Configuration
 The arrangement of electrons in an atom

 It is a list of all the electrons in an atom and the _______ that they occupy.

 Aufbau principle: _________________________________________________

 Ground state: The most ________ organization is the _______ possible energy

This represents how many

2 __________ are in the orbital.
1s
This represents the
____________________,
or energy level, n. (n = 1)

This represents the type of the _________ these

particular electrons are in. In this case, it’s an s-
orbital.

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 Chemistry
Unit 3: Electrons in Atoms
Section III Electron Configuration

Orbital Periodic Table

 Orbital Filling Order:

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p

➢ What is the electron configuration of oxygen?

Orbital Diagram

 Each box in the diagram represents one ________ __.

 Half-arrows represent the __________.
 The direction of the arrow represents the relative _______ of the electrons.

 Orbital Diagrams Rules

 Aufbau Principle: electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first
 Pauli Exclusion Principle:

 Hund’s Rule:

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 Chemistry
Unit 3: Electrons in Atoms
Section III Electron Configuration

Condensed Electron Configurations

• Noble gas notation uses noble gas symbols in brackets to shorten inner electron
configurations of other elements.
Helps abbreviate a long, tedious electron configuration.

Ex) Bromine: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p5

⚫ Core electrons:

Exceptions to Electron Configurations

1. Chromium

2. Copper

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 Chemistry
Unit 3: Electrons in Atoms
Section III Electron Configuration

Practice
1. How many electrons can each of the following orbitals hold?

a. 2s = ________ d. 6d = ________

b. 3p = ________ e. 4p = ________

c. 5f = _________ f. 3d = ________

2. How many “p” orbitals can there be in any energy level? ____________________________

3. What is the maximum number of electrons in the 3rd principal energy level? _________________

4. How many orbitals are in each of the following sublevels??

a. 4p sublevel ____________ c. 4f sublevel ____________

b. 3d sublevel ____________ d. 2s sublevel ____________

5. Using arrows, show how the following orbitals will fill with electrons.
Electron Configuration 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d

Mg 1s22s22p63s2

Cl 1s22s22p63s23p5

Si 1s22s22p63s23p2

Ti 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d2

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 Chemistry
Unit 3: Electrons in Atoms
Section III Electron Configuration

6. Write the complete electron configuration for each atom on the blank line.

a. Lithium d. Sulfur

b. Fluorine e. Ni

c. C f. Cl

7. Write the condensed electron configuration for each atom on the blank line.

a. Argon d. Nitrogen

b. Selenium e. Ba

c. Si f. Fe

8. What elements are represented by each of the following electron configurations?

a. 1s2 2s2 2p5 c. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10

b. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 d. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10

9. What two elements are exceptions to the way we normally write electron configurations?

Write the expected and the actual configuration of each.