Astm c94 Mixed Concrete

Designation: C94/C94M − 13a
Standard Specification for

Ready-Mixed Concrete1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C94/C94M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original
original adoption or, in the case of revis
revision,
ion, the year of last revision.
revision. A number in paren
parenthese
thesess indicates the year of last reappr
reapproval.
oval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Sco
Scope*
pe* 2. Referenc
Referenced
ed Documents
1.1 This specification
specification covers ready-mixed
ready-mixed concrete as de- 2.1 ASTM Standards:3
fined in 3.2.2.
3.2.2. Requirements for quality of concrete shall be C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
C31/C31M
either as hereinafter specified or as specified by the purchaser. Specimens in the Field
In any case where the requirements of the purchaser differ from C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C33/C33M
these in this specification, the purchaser’s specification shall C39/C39M Test
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
gove
go vern
rn.. Th
This
is sp
spec
ecific
ificati
ation
on do
does
es nonott co
cove
verr th
thee pl
place
aceme
ment
nt,, drical Concr
Concrete
ete Specim
Specimens
ens
cons
co nsol
olid
idat
atio
ion,
n, cucuri
ring
ng,, or prprot
otec
ectio
tion
n of ththee co
conc
ncre
rete
te af
after
ter C125 Terminology
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
delivery to the purchaser. gregates
1.2 The values stated in either SI units, shown
shown in brackets, C138/C138M Test
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,
or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
equivalents; C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
C143/C143M Test
therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Concrete
Combining values from the two systems may result in non- C150/C150M Specification
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
conformance with the standard. C172/C172M Pra
C172/C172M Practic
cticee for Sam
Samplin
pling
g Fre
Freshl
shly
y Mix
Mixed
ed Con
Con--
crete
1.3 As used throughout
throughout this specifi
specification
cation the manufacturer
manufacturer C173/C173M Test
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
produces ready
produces ready-mixed
-mixed concrete. The purch
purchaser
aser buys ready- Concrete by the Volumetric Method
mixed concrete. C231/C231M Test
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
1.4 The text of this standard
standard references
references notes and footnotes Concrete by the Pressure Method
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes C260/C260M Specifi
C260/C260M Specification
cation for Air-
Air-Entrai
Entraining
ning Admix
Admixtures
tures
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered for Concr
Concrete
ete
as requirements of the standard. C330/C330M Specification
C330/C330M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for
1.5 This standard
standard does not purport to address
address all the safety Structural Concrete
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility C494/C494M Spe
C494/C494M Specific
cificatio
ation
n for Chem
Chemica
icall Adm
Admixt
ixture
uress for
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and Concrete
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory C567/C567M Test Met
C567/C567M Metho
hodd fo
forr De
Deter
termin
mining
ing Den
Densit
sity
y of
limitations prior to use. (
(Warning —Fresh hydraulic cement
Warning—Fresh cementi-i- Structural Lightweight Concrete
tious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to C595/C595M Specifica
tion for Blended Hydra
Hydraulic
ulic Cements
skin and tissue upon prolonged use.2) C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
C618
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C637 Spe
C637 Specificatio
cification
n for Aggre
Aggregates
gates for Radiatio
Radiation-Shi
n-Shielding
elding
1
This specification
specification is under the juris
jurisdictio
diction
n of ASTM Committee
Committee C09 on
Concrete
Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.40 on Ready-Mixed Concrete.
C09.40
Current
Curre nt editio
edition
n approv
approved
ed Aug. 1, 2013. Published
Published Augus
Augustt 2013. Originally
Originally
3
approved in 1933. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C94/C94M–13. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/C0094_C0094M-13a. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
See Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

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C94/C94M − 13a
C989/C989M Sp
C989/C989M Speci
ecific
ficati
ation
on fo
forr Sla
Slagg Cem
Cemenentt fo
forr Us
Usee in 4.2 The volume
volume of fresh concrete
concrete in a given batch
batch shall be
Concrete and Mortars determined from the total mass of the batch divided by the
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for density of the concrete. The total mass of the batch shall be
Use in Producing Flowing Concrete determined as the net mass of the concrete in the batch as
C1064/C1064M Test Meth
C1064/C1064M Methodod for Temp
empera
eratur
turee of Fre
Freshl
shly
y delivered, including the total mixing water as defined in 9.3
9.3..
Mixed Hydraulic-Cement Concrete Thee de
Th dens
nsity
ity sh
shall
all be de deter
termi
mine
ned
d in ac
acco
cord
rdan
ance
ce wi
with
th Tes
estt
C1077 Practice
C1077 Practice for Agencies Testing Concrete and Concrete Method C138/C138M.
C138/C138M. The yield shall be determined as the
Aggr
Aggreg
egate
atess fo
forr Us
Usee in Co
Consnstr
truc
uctio
tion
n an
and
d CrCrite
iteria
ria fo
forr average of at least three measurements, one from each of three
Testing Agency Evaluation differ
different
ent tra
transp
nsport
ortatio
ation
n uni
units
ts samp
sampled
led in acc
accord
ordanc
ancee wit
withh
C1157/C1157M
C1157/C1157M
Cement Per
Perfor
forman
mancece Spe
Specific
cificatio
ation
n for Hyd
Hydrau
raulic
lic Practice C172/C172M
Practice C172/C172M..
NOTE 1—It should be understood that the volume of hardened concrete
C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious
C1240 may be, or appear to be, less than expected due to waste and spillage,
Mixtures over-excavation, spreading forms, some loss of entrained air, or settlement
C1602/C1602M Specificat
ion for Mixing Water
Water Used in the of wet mixtures, none of which are the responsibility of the producer.
Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete
C1611/C1611M Tes
C1611/C1611M estt Me
Meth
thod
od fo
forr Sl
Slum
umpp Fl
Flow
ow of Se
Self
lf-- 5. Mater
Materials
ials
Consolidating Concrete 5.1 In the absenc
absencee of des
design
ignate
ated
d app
applic
licab
able
le mat
materi
erials
als
4
2.2 ACI Documents: specifications, the following materials specifications shall be
211.1 Sta
211.1 Stand
ndard
ard Pra
Practi
ctice
ce fo
forr Sel
Select
ectin
ing
g Pr
Prop
opor
ortio
tions
ns fo
forr used:
Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete
5.2 Cementitious Materials
211.2 Standar
211.2 Standard
d Practic
Practicee for Selecting Prop
Proportion
ortionss for Struc-
5.2.1 Hydraulic Cement— Hydraulic
Hydraulic cement shall conform
tural Lightw
Lightweight
eight Concre
Concrete te
to Specifi
Specification
cation C150/C150M
C150/C150M,, Specification C595/C595M
Specification C595/C595M,, or
301 Standar
301 Standard
d Specifi
Specifications
cations for Struct
Structural
ural Concr
Concrete
ete
Specification C1157/C1157M.
Specification C1157/C1157M.
305R Guide
305R Guide to Hot Weather Concreting
5.2.2 Supplementary Cementitious Materials— Coal fly ash
306R Guide to Cold Weather Concreting
306R Guide or natural pozzolans shall conform to Specification C618
Specification C618.. Slag
318 Buildi
318 Building
ng Code Requir
Requirements
ements for Struc
Structural
tural Concr
Concrete
ete
cement
cem ent sha
shall
ll con
confor
form
m to Spe
Specifi
cificati
cation
on C989/C989M.
C989/C989M. Silica
and Commentary
fume shall conform to Specification C1240
Specification C1240..
2.3 Other Documents:5
NIST 105-1 National
105-1 National Institute of Standards and Technology 5.3 Aggregates— Normal
Normal weight aggregates
aggregates shall conform
Handbook to Specification C33/C33M
Specification C33/C33M.. Lightweight aggregates shall con-
form to Specifi
Specification
cation C330/C330M and heavy
heavyweigh
weightt aggre
aggre--
3. Terminology gates shall conform to Specification C637
Specification C637..
3.1 Definitions: The ter

terms
ms us
used
ed in th
this
is sp
spec
ecifi
ificat
catio
ion
n ar
aree 5.4 Water— Wate
aterr sha
shall
ll con
confor
form
m to Spe
Specifi
cificati
cation
on C1602/
defined in Terminology C125
Terminology C125.. C1602M..
C1602M
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 5.5 Air-Entraining
Air-Entraining Admixtures— Air-entraining admixtures
3.2.1 concr
concrete,
ete, centr
central-mixed, n— read
al-mixed, ready-mix
y-mixed
ed conc
concrete
rete shall conform to Specification C260/C260M
Specification C260/C260M (Note 2).
2).
mixed completely in a stationary mixer. 5.6 Chemical Admixtures— Chemical
Chemical admixtures shall con-
3.2.2 concrete, ready-mixed, n— concrete
concrete manufactured and form to either Specification C494/C494M
C494/C494M or
or C1017/C1017M
C1017/C1017M
delivered to a purchaser in a fresh state. as Napplicable (Note 2)

(Note 2).
OTE 2—In any given instance, the required dosage of air-entraining,
3.2.3 concrete, shrink-mixed, n— ready-mixed
ready-mixed concrete par-
accelerating, and retarding admixtures may vary. Therefore, a range of
tially mixed in a stationary mixer with mixing completed in a dosages should be allowed which will permit obtaining the desired effect.
truck mixer. NOTE 3—Interchanging kinds, characteristics, types, classes, or grades
3.2.4 concrete, truck-mixed, n— ready-mixed
ready-mixed concrete com- of the materials permitted in ready-mixed concrete may produce concrete
of different properties.
pletely mixed in a truck mixer.
6. Order
Ordering
ing Information
Information
4. Basi
Basiss of Purchase
Purchase
6.1 In th
6.1 thee ab
abse
senc
ncee of dedesi
sign
gnat
ated
ed apappl
plic
icab
able
le ge
gene
nera
rall
4.1 The basis
basis of purchas
purchasee sha
shall
ll be a cub
cubic
ic yard or cub
cubic
ic
specifications, the purchaser shall specify the following:
metre of fresh concrete as discharged from the transportation
unit. 6.1.1 Design
Designated
ated size, or sizes, of coarse aggregate,
aggregate,
6.1.2 Slump
Slump,, or slumps, desired at the point of delivery (see
Section 7 for acceptable tolerances),
Section
4
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
6.1.3 Slump flow, flow, or flows, desired
desired at the point of delivery
Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org. (see Section
Section 7 for acceptable tolerances),
5
NIST Handbook 105-1 (revis
(revised
ed 1990), “Specificatio
“Specifications
ns and Tolerances
Tolerances for 6.1.4 When air-entrain
air-entrained
ed concrete is specified, the air con-
Reference Stand
Reference Standards
ards and Field Standard Weight
eightss and Meas
Measures-
ures-1.
1. Spec
Specificat
ifications
ions
tent of the samples taken at the point of discharge from the
and Tolerances
Tolerances for Field Standard Weights
Weights (NIST Class F),” National Institute of
Standards
Stand ards and Te
Technolo
chnology
gy.,
., U.S. Dept. of Commer
Commerce,ce, http:/
http://www
/www.nist
.nist.gov/
.gov/pml/
pml/ transportation unit (see Section
Section 8 and
and Table
Table 1 for
1 for the total air
wmd/upload/105-1.pdf.
-
content and tolerances) (Note
(Note 5),
5),
-
`
,
,
,
,
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,
`
Copyright ASTM International`
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,
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,

C94/C94M − 13a
TABLE 1 Recommended Total Air Content for Air-Entrained Concrete A,B
Total Air Content, %
Exposure Nominal Maximum Sizes of Aggregate, in. [mm]
ConditionC 3
⁄ 8 [9.5]
⁄ 2 [12.5]
1 3
⁄ 4 [19.0] 1 [25.0] 11 ⁄ 2 [37.5] 2 [50.0] 3 [75.0]
Mild 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5
Moderate 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.0 3.5
Severe 7.5 7.0 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5
A
For air-entrained concrete, when specified.
B
Unless exposure conditions dictate otherwise, it is permissible to reduce air contents recommended above by up to 1 % for concretes with specified compressive
strength, f
strength, f 'c , of 5000 psi [35 MPa] or above.
C
For description of exposure conditions, refer to Standard Practice ACI 211.1, Section 6.3.3, with attention to accompanying footnotes.
6.1.5 Whi
6.1.5 Which
ch of Options
Options A, B, or C sha
shall
ll be use
used
d as a basis structures and conditions of exposure. The water-cement ratio of most
for determining the proportions of the concrete to produce the structural
structural lightw
lightweight
eight concr
concretes
etes canno
cannott be determ
determined
ined with suf
suffi
ficient
cient
accuracy for use as a specification basis.
required quality,
6.1.6 When structural
structural lightweight
lightweight concrete is specifi
specified,
ed, the 6.3.2 At the request of
of the purchaser,
purchaser, the manufacturer shall,
mass per unit volume as wet mass, air-dry mass, or oven-dry prior to the actual delivery of the concrete, furnish a statement
mass (Note
(Note 6)
6), and to the purchaser, giving the dry masses of cement and saturated
6.1.7 If desired, any of the optional requirements
requirements of Table
Table 2 surface-dry-masses of fine and coarse aggregate and quantities,
in Specifi
Specification
cation C1602/C1602M
C1602/C1602M.. type, and name of admixtures (if any) and of water per cubic
6.1.8 Purch
Purchaser
aser shall state any drum revolution limit as to yard
ya rd or cu
cubi
bicc me
metre
tre of co
conc
ncre
rete
te th
that
at wi
will
ll be us
used
ed in th
thee
when the concrete discharge must begin. If no drum revolution manufacture of each class of concrete ordered by the purchaser.
limit is stated by purchaser, the manufacturer shall determine He shall also furnish evidence satisfactory to the purchaser that
and communicate the limit to the purchaser prior to delivery. the materials to be used and proportions selected will produce
concrete of the quality specified.
NOTE 4—An example of a drum revolution limit would be “XXX”
revolutions. 6.4 Option B:
6.2 If the typtype,
e, kin
kind,
d, or class of cem
cement
entitio
itious
us materials
materials in 6.4.1
6.4 .1 Whe
When n the pur
purcha
chaser
ser ass
assume
umess res
respon
ponsib
sibilit
ility
y for the
5.2.1 and 5.2.2 are no
nott de
desig
signa
nated
ted by th
thee pu
purc
rcha
hase
serr, it is proportioning of the concrete mixture, he shall also specify the
permitted to use cementitious materials in concrete mixtures following:
that will satisfy the concrete properties and other requirements 6.4.1.1 Cement content in pounds per cubic yard [kilograms
of the purchaser as ordered. per cubic metre] of concrete,
NOTE 5—In selecting the specified air content, the purchaser should 6.4.1.
6.4 .1.2
2 Max
Maximuimum m allo
allowab
wablele wat
water
er con
conten
tentt in gal
gallon
lonss per
consider the expos
consider exposure
ure conditions to which the concrete will be subjected. cubic
cub ic yar
yard
d [lit
[litres
res per cub
cubic
ic metr
metre]
e] of conconcre
crete,
te, inc
includ
luding
ing
Air contents
contents les
lesss tha
thann sho
shown
wn in Table
Table 1 may
may not give the required
required
resist
res istanc
ancee to fre
freezin
ezingg and tha
thawin
wing,
g, whi
which
ch is the pri
primar
maryy pur
purpos
posee of
surfac
surfacee moi
moistu
sture
re on the agg
aggreg
regate
ates,
s, but exc
exclud
luding
ing wat
water
er of
air-entrain
air-e ntrained
ed concre
concrete.
te. Air conten
contents
ts higher than the levels shown may absorption (Note
(Note 7),
7), and
reduce strength without contributing any further improvement of durabil- 6.4.
6. 4.1.
1.3
3 If ad
admix
mixtu
ture
ress ar
aree re
requ
quir
ired
ed,, th
thee ty
type
pe,, na
name,
me, anand
d
ity. dosage to be used. The cement content shall not be reduced
NOTE 6—The mass per unit volume of fresh concrete, which is the only
when admixtures are used under this option without the written -
unit mass determinable at the time of delivery, is always higher than the -
-
`
approval of the purchaser.

,
,
air-dry or oven-dry mass. Definitions of, and methods for determining or `
,
`
,
,
`
,
,
`
6.4.2 At the request of the

of ofpurchaser,
purchaser , the furnish
manufacturer shall,
-
calcula
calculating
ting air-dry
C567/C567M.
C567/C567M . and oven-d
oven-dry
ry mass
masses,
es, are cover
covered
ed by Test Method `
-
prior to the actual delivery the concrete, a statement ,

`
`
,
`
,
6.3 Option A: to th
thee pu
purc
rcha
hase
serr gi
givi
ving
ng ththee so
sour
urce
ces,
s, dedens
nsiti
ities,
es, an
andd sie
sieve
ve ,
`
`
`
,
,
analyses of the aggregates and the dry masses of cement and

`
6.3.1
6.3 .1 When the pur purcha
chaser
ser req
requir
uires
es the man
manufa
ufactu
cturer
rer to `
`
`
`
`
,
assume full responsibility for the selection of the proportions saturated-surface-dry masses of fine and coarse aggregate and ,
`
`
,
`
`
for the con

concre
crete
te mix
mixtur
turee (Note 7),
7), the purchase
purchaserr sha
shall
ll also quantities, type and name of admixture (if any) and of water
,
,
,
,
`
-
-
specify the follo

following:
wing: per cubic yard or cubic metre of concrete that will be used in
6.3.1.
6.3 .1.1
1 Req
Requir
uiremen
ements
ts for com
compre
pressiv
ssivee str
streng
ength
th as det
deter-
er- thee ma
th manunufa
factu
cture
re of eaeach
ch cla
classss of co
conc
ncre
rete
te or
orde
dere
red
d by ththee
mined on samples taken from the transportation unit at the purchaser.
point of discharge evaluated in accordance with Section 18 18..
6.5 Option C:
The purchaser shall specify the requirements in terms of the
6.5.1
6.5 .1 When the purpurcha
chaser
ser req
requir
uires
es the man
manufa
ufactur
cturer
er to
compressive
compr essive strength of stand
standard
ard specimens cured under stan-
assume responsibility for the selection of the proportions for
dard laboratory conditions for moist curing (see Section 18 18).
).
the con
concre
crete
te mix
mixtur
turee with the min
minimu
imumm allo
allowab
wablele ceme
cement
nt
Unless otherwise specified the age at test shall be 28 days.
content specified (Note
(Note 8),
8), the purchaser shall also specify the
NOTE 7—The
7—The pur
purcha
chaser
ser,, in sel
selecti
ecting
ng req
requir
uireme
ements
nts for whi
which
ch he following:
assumes respo
assumes responsibi
nsibility
lity shoul
shouldd give consideration
consideration to requir
requirement
ementss for
workability, placeability, durability, surface texture, and density, in addi-
6.5.1.
6.5.1.1
1 Req
Requir
uired
ed com
compre
pressiv
ssivee str
streng
ength
th as det
determ
ermine
ined
d on
tion to those for structural design. The purchaser is referred to Standard
sampless tak
sample taken
en fro
from
m the tra
transp
nsport
ortatio
ation
n uni
unitt at the poi
point
nt of
Practice ACI 211.1 and Standard Practice ACI 211.2 for the selection of discharge evaluated in accordance with Section 18 18.. The pur-
propor
proportio
tions
ns tha
thatt wil
willl res
result
ult in con
concre
crete
te sui
suitab
table
le for var
variou
iouss typ
types
es of chaser shall specify the requirements for strength in terms of

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C94/C94M − 13a
tests of stand
standard
ard specimens cured under standard
standard labora
laboratory
tory NOTE 9—This option applies when slump is stated as a target slump or
conditions for moist curing (see Section 18
Section 18).). Unless otherwise nominal slump. For other ways of stating slump, the tolerances should be
indicated by the purchaser.
specified the age at test shall be 28 days.
6.5.1.2
6.5.1.2 Minimu
Minimumm cement content in pounds per cubic yard 7.1.3 When the purchaser
purchaser states a slump flow requirement
requirement
[kilograms per cubic metre] of concrete. for self-consolidating concrete:
6.5.
6.5.1.
1.3
3 If ad
admi
mixt
xtur
ures
es ar
aree re
requ
quir
ired
ed,, th
thee tytype
pe,, na
name
me,, an
and
d Tolerances for Slump Flow
dosage to be used. The cement content shall not be reduced
For Slump Flow Tolerance
when admixtures are used.
Less than or equal to 22 in. [550 mm] ± 1 1 ⁄ 2 in. [40 mm]
NOTE 8—Option C can be distinctive and useful only if the designated
More than 22 in [550 mm] ± 2 1 ⁄ 2 in. [65 mm]
minimum cement content is at about the same level that would ordinarily
minimum 7.1.4
7.1.4 The slslum
ump
p to
tole
lera
ranc
nces
es ar
aree ap
appl
plica
icabl
blee wh
when
en wa
water
ter
be required for the strength, aggregate size, and slump or slump flow
specified. At the same time, it must be an amount that will be sufficient to addition in accordance with 12.7
with 12.7 is
is permitted.
ensure durability under expected service conditions, as well as satisfactory
surface texture and density, in the event specified strength is attained with 7.2 Concre
Concrete te shall be available within the permissible
permissible range
it. For additional information refer to Standard Practice ACI 211.1 and of slump or slump flow for a period of 30 min starting either on
Standard Practice 211.2 referred to in Note 7.
7. arriva
arr ivall at the job site or aft after
er the initial
initial slu
slump
mp adjadjust
ustmen
mentt
6.5.2 At the request of the purchaser,
purchaser, the manufacturer shall, in 12.7,, whichever is later. The first and last ⁄ 4 yd3
permitted in 12.7 1
prior to the actual delivery of the concrete, furnish a statement [1 ⁄ 4 m3] discharged are exempt from this requirement. If the
to the purchaser, giving the dry masses of cement and saturated userr is unp
use unprep
repare
aredd for discharg
dischargee of the con concre
crete
te fro
fromm the
surface-dry masses of fine and coarse aggregate and quantities, vehicle, the producer shall not be responsible for the limitation
type, and name of admixture (if any) and of water per cubic of minimum slump or slump flow after 30 min have elapsed
yard
ya rd or cu
cubi
bicc me
metr
tree of co
conc
ncre
rete
te th
that
at wi
will
ll be us
used
ed in th
thee star
st artin
tingg eit
eithe
herr on ar arri
riva
vall of th
thee ve
vehi
hicl
clee at th
thee pr
pres
escr
crib
ibed
ed
manufacture of each class of concrete ordered by the purchaser. destination or at the requested delivery time, whichever is later.
He shall also furnish evidence satisfactory to the purchaser that
the materials to be used and proportions selected will produce 8. Air-Ent
Air-Entrained
rained Concrete
Concrete
concre
conc rete
te of th
thee qu
quali
ality
ty sp
spec
ecifie
ified.
d. Wh
Whate
ateve
verr st
stre
reng
ngth
thss ar
aree 8.1 Whe
When n air
air-en
-entra
traine
ined
d con
concre
crete
te is des
desire
ired
d the pur
purcha
chaser
ser
attained the quantity of cement used shall not be less than the shall specify the total air content of the concrete. See Table
See Table 1
minimum specified. for recommended total air contents
contents (Note 2).
2).
6.6 The proport
proportion
ionss arr
arrive
ivedd at by Options
Options A, B, or C for 8.2 The air content of air-
air-entrain
entrained
ed concrete when sampled
each class of concrete and approved for use in a project shall from the transportation unit at the point of discharge shall be
be assi
assigne
gned d a des
design
ignatio
ation
n to fac
facilit
ilitate
ate ide
identi
ntificat
fication
ion of each within a tolerance of 6 1.5 of the specified value.
concrete mixture delivered to the project. This is the designa-
8.3 When a preliminary
preliminary sample taken within
within the time limits
tion required in 14.1.7 and supplies information on concrete
of 12.7 and prior to dis
of discha
charg
rgee for placement
placement sho
shows
ws an air
prop
pr opor
ortio
tions
ns whwhenen th
they
ey araree no
nott gi
give
venn se
sepa
para
ratel
tely
y on eac
each
h
content below the specified level by more than the allowable
deliver
deliveryy tick
ticket
et as out
outline
linedd in 14.2.
14.2. A cer
certi
tified
fied co
copy
py of all
tolerance in accordance with 8.2 8.2,, the manufacturer may use
proportions
propo rtions as established
established in Options
Options A, B, or C shall be on file
additional air entraining admixture to achieve the desired air
at the batch plant.
conten
con tentt lev
level,
el, fol
follow
lowed
ed by a min
minimuimum m of 30 rev
revolu
olutio
tionsns at
6.7 The pur
purcha
chaser
ser sha
shall
ll ens
ensure
ure tha
thatt the man
manufa
ufactu
cturer
rer is mixing speed, so long as the revolution limit of of 12.7 is not
provided copies of all reports of tests performed on concrete exceeded
exceed ed (see
(see Note
Note 10).
10).
samples
samp les tak
taken
en to dete
determi
rmine
ne com
compli
plianc
ancee with spe
specific
cificatio
ation
n
requirements. Reports shall be provided on a timely basis. NOTE 10—Acceptance sampling and testing in accordance with Practice
C172/C172M is not obviated by this provision.
C172/C172M is
7. Toler
olerance
ancess in Slump or Slum
Slump
p Flow
7.1 Unles
Unlesss other tolerances
tolerances are indica
indicated
ted by the purchaser,
purchaser, 9. Measu
Measuring
ring Materials
Materials
the following shall apply. 9.1 Except as otherwise specifically
specifically permitted,
permitted, cementitious
cementitious
7.1.
7. 1.1
1 Wh
Whenen sl
slum
umpp is st
state
ated
d as a “m
“maxaxim
imum
um”” or “not to materia
mate rials
ls sha
shall
ll be meas
measure
ured
d by mas
mass.
s. Whe
When n sup
supple
plemen
mentar
tary
y
exceed” requirement: cementitious materials are used in the concrete mixtures, the
Tolerances for “Maximum” or “Not to Exceed” Slumps cumulative mass is permitted to be measured with hydraulic
cement, but in a batch hopper and on a scale which is separate
For Slump of: Tolerance
and distinct from those used for other materials. The mass of
3 in. [75 mm] or less +0 and –11 ⁄ 2 [40 mm] the hydraulic cement shall be measured before supplementary
More than 3 in. [75 mm] +0 and –21 ⁄ 2 [40 mm] cementi
cem entitio
tious
us mate
materia
rials.
ls. Whe
When n the qua
quanti
ntity
ty of cem
cementi
entitio
tious
us
7.1.2 When slump is stated as a target or nominal
nominal slump: material exceeds 30 % of the full capacity of the scale, the
Tolerances for Target or Nominal Slumps measured quantity of the hydraulic cement shall be within 6
1 % of th thee re
requ
quir
ired
ed ma
mass
ss,, an
and
d th
thee cu
cumu
mulat
lativ
ivee mea
measu
sure
red
d
For Slump of: Tolerance quantity of hydraulic cement plus supplementary cementitious
2 in. [50 mm] and less ±1 ⁄ 2 in. [15 mm] materials shall also be within 6 1 % of the required cumulative
More than 2 through 4 in. [50 to 100 mm] ±1 in. [25 mm] mass at each intermediate weighing. For smaller batches to a
More than 4 in. [100 mm] ±11 ⁄ 2 in. [40 mm] mini
mi nimu
mumm of 1 yd3 [1 m3], th thee me
measasur
ured
ed ququan
antit
tity
y of th
thee
--`,,,,``,``,,``````,,```,,`,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

4Licensee=F
Licensee=Fluor
User=Bravo, Jorge

C94/C94M − 13a
hydrau
hydraulic
lic cem
cement
ent and the meas
measure
uredd cum
cumula
ulativ
tivee qua
quantit
ntity
y of concrete shall be accurately measured; if this proves imprac-
hydraulic
hydraulic cement plus suppsupplementar
lementaryy cement
cementitious
itious materia
materials
ls tical or impossible the wash water shall be discharged prior to
used shall be not less than the required amount nor more than loading the next batch of concrete. Total water (including any
4 % in excess. When the purchaser requires alternate methods wash water) shall be measured or weighed to an accuracy of
of measu
measuring
ring cement
cementitious
itious materials, measur
measurement
ement methods 63 % of the specified total amount.
and reporting shall be stated in the order (see Note 11).
11). 9.4 Chemica
Chemicall admixtures in powdered
powdered form shall be mea-
NOTE 11—Cementitious materials in bags may be used when requested sured by mass. Liquid chemical admixtures shall be batched by
by the purchaser. mass
ma ss or vo
volu
lume.
me. Admixt
Admixtur
ures
es me
meas
asur
ured
ed by eit
eithe
herr ma
mass
ss or
9.2 Ag
9.2 Aggrgreg
egat
atee sh
shall
all be me measu
asure
redd by ma mass ss.. Bat
Batchch mamass
ss volume, shall be batched with an accuracy of 63 % of the total
measurements shall be based on dry materials and shall be the amount
amou nt re
requ
quir
ired
ed or pl
plus
us or min
minus
us th
thee am
amou
ount
nt or do
dosa
sage
ge
required mass of dry materials plus the total mass of moisture required for 100 lb [50 kg] of hydraulic cement, whichever is
(both absorbed and surface) contained in the aggregate. greater.
9.2.1 For aggregates
aggregates measured in indiv individual
idual or cumula
cumulative
tive NOTE 13—Admixt
13—Admixture
ure dispe
dispensers
nsers of the mecha
mechanical
nical type capabl
capablee of
weigh batchers, when the required intermediate or final mass is adjust
adjustmen
mentt for var
variat
iation
ion of dos
dosage
age,, and of sim
simple
ple cal
calibr
ibrati
ation,
on, are
less than 30 % of the scale capacity the aggregate
aggregate mass shall be recommended.
within 60. 0.3
3 % of sc scale
ale cacapa
pacit
city
y or wi with
thin
in 63 % of th thee 10. Batc
Batching
hing Plant
Plant
required mass, whichever is less.
10.1
10.1 Bin
Binss with ade
adequa
quate
te sep
separa
arate
te com
compar
partmen
tments
ts sha
shall
ll be
9.2.2 When aggregates
aggregates are measured in an indivi individual
dual weigh
provided in the batching plant for fine and for each required
batch
ba tcher
er anandd th
thee re
requ
quir
ired
ed mamass
ss of agaggr
greg
egatatee is eqequa
uall to or
size
size of co
coar
arse
se ag
aggr
greg
egat
ate.
e. Eac
Each
h bi
bin
n co
comp
mpar
artme
tment
nt sh
shall
all be
grea
greater
ter ththan
an 30 % of th thee sc
scale
ale cacapa
pacit
city
y, th thee qu
quan
antit
tity
y of
designed and operated so as to discharge efficiently and freely,
aggregate shall be within 62 % of the required mass. When
with minimum segregation, into the weighing hopper. Means
aggreg
agg regates
ates are mea measur
sured
ed in a cumcumulaulative
tive aggaggreg
regate
ate wei
weigh
gh
of control shall be provided so that, as the quantity desired in
batcher
batc her,, and the req requir
uired
ed int
interm
ermedia
ediatete and finafinall cum
cumulat
ulative
ive
the weighing hopper is approached, the material shall be shut
mass of aggregate components is equal to or greater than 30 %
of th
thee sc
scal
alee ca
capa
paci
city
ty,, th
thee qu
quan
anti
tity
ty of agaggr
greg
egat
atee at ea
each
ch off with precision.
to eliminate Weighingof
accumulations hoppers shall be and
tare materials constructed so as
to discharge
success
successive
ive wei
weighi
ghing
ng sha
shall
ll be with
within
in 61 % of th
thee re
requ
quir
ired
ed
fully.
mass.
10.2
10 .2 Indica
Indicatin
ting
g de
devi
vice
cess shshall
all be in fu
full
ll vi
view
ew an
andd ne
near
ar
NOTE 12—The
12—The bat
batchi
ching
ng acc
accura
uracy
cy lim
limit
it of 0.3 % of sca
scale
le cap
capaci
acity
ty
establ
establish
ishes
es a rea
reason
sonabl
ablee min
minimu
imum
m wei
weighi
ghing
ng tol
tolera
erance
nce lim
limit
it tha
thatt is
enough to be read accurately by the operator while charging the
indepe
ind epende
ndent
nt of the qua
quanti
ntity
ty of mat
materi
erial
al bein
being
g wei
weighe
ghed.
d. It gen
genera
erally
lly hopp
hopper
er.. Th
Thee op
oper
erato
atorr sh
shal
alll ha
have
ve co
conv
nven
enie
ient
nt acc
acces
esss to al
alll
governs for smaller batch quantities weighed in weigh batchers (scales). controls.
9.3 Mixin
Mixingg water shall consist of water added to the batch, 10.3 Scales shall be considered
considered accurate
accurate if their accuracy is
ice added to the batch, water occurring as surface moisture on verified through the normally used capacity in accordance with
the aggregates, and water introduced in the form of admixtures. Table 2 and
2 and load indicated relative to applied test load is within
The added water shall be measured by weight or volume to an 60.15 % of the total capacity of the scale or 0.4 % of the net
accuracy of 1 % of the required total mixing water. Added ice applied
applie d load, whichever
whichever is greater.
greater. The minimum quantity and
shall be measured by weight. In the case of truck mixers, any sequence of applied test loads used to verify material scales
wash water retained in the drum for use in the next batch of shall conform to Table
to Table 2 and
2 and its notes.
TABLE 2 Minimum Field Standard Weights and Test Loads A

Minimum
(in terms of device capacity)
Device Capacity Minimum Loads for Verification of Scale Accuracy
Field Standard
Test LoadsC
Weights
0 to 2000 kg
100 % 100 %
[0 to 4000 lb]
Field standard weights or test load to used capacity, if greater than minimum
2001 to 20 000 kg Greater ofB
Greater
D specified.
10 % or 500 kg 50 %
[4001 to 40 000 lb] [1000 lb] Strain-test loadsE are permitted to be used above test load minimums. During initial
verification,
verification, a scale shall be tested to full capacity.
capacity.
A
If the configuration and set up of the scale system prevents access or application of adequate field standard weights or if an unsafe condition is created by the verification
process then the use of the scale above the verified position shall be discontinued until corrective measures have been completed.
B
Field standard weights used in verify
verifying
ing accuracy of weighi
weighing
ng devices shall comply with requirements
requirements of NIST Handbook 105-1.
C
The term “test load” means the sum of the combination of field standard weights and any other applied load used in the conduct of a test using substitution test methods.
Substitution Test—In the substitution test procedure, material or objects are substituted for field standard weights, or a combination of field standard weights and previously
quantified material or objects, using the scale under test as a comparator. Additional test weights or other known test loads may be added to the known test load to verify
the accuracy of higher weight ranges on the scale.
D
The scale shall be tested from zero to at least 10 % of scale capacity using field standard weights, and then to at least 50 % of scale capacity using a series of substitution
load tests that utilize field standard weights equaling at least 10 % of scale capacity.
E
A strain
strain-load
-load test shall be conducted to verify the accuracy from 50 % of scale capacity to the used capacity of the scale.At least one load test shall be perfor
performed
med in each
quarter of scale capacity. Strain-Load Test—In the strain-load test procedure, an unknown quantity of material or objects are used to establish a reference load or tare to
which field standard weights or substitution test loads are added.
--`,,,,``,``,,``````,,```,,`,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

5Licensee=F
Licensee=Fluor
User=Bravo, Jorge

C94/C94M − 13a
10.4 All exposed fulcrums, clevises, and similar work workinging 11.4 Slump tests of individual samples taken after discharge
part
pa rtss of sca
scaleless sh
shall
all be ke
kept
pt cle
clean
an.. Bea
Beamm sc
scale
aless sh
shal
alll be of approximately 15 % and 85 % of the load will provide a
equipped with a balance indicator sensitive enough to show quick check of the probable degree of uniformity (Note 16).
16).
move
mo vemement
nt whwhenen a we
weig
ight
ht eq
equa
uall to 0.
0.1
1 % of th
thee no
nomi
mina nall These two samples shall be obtained within an elapsed time of
capacit
cap acityy of the scale is plaplaced
ced in the batch hop
hopper
per.. Poi
Pointer
nter not more than 15 min. If these slumps differ more than that
travel shall be a minimum of 5 % of the net-rated capacity of specified
specified in
in Annex
Annex A1,
A1, the mixer or agitator shall not be used
the lar
larges
gestt wei
weighgh bea
beamm for underwei
underweightght and 4 % for over-
over- unless the condition is corrected, except as provided in 11.5
11.5..
weight.
NOTE 16—No samples should be taken before 10 % or after 90 % of the
10.5
10.5 The device
device for the meas
measure
uremen
mentt of the add
added
ed wat
water
er batch has been discharged. Due to the difficulty of determining the actual
shall be capable of delivering to the batch the quantity required quantity of concrete discharged, the intent is to provide samples that are
representative of widely separated portions, but not the beginning and end
within
with in the accu
accurac
racy
y req
requir
uired
ed in 9.3
9.3.. The device shall be so of the load.
arranged that the measurements will not be affected by variable
pressures in the water supply line. Measuring tanks shall be 11.5 Use of the equipment is permitted
11.5 permitted when operation
operation with
equipped with outside taps and valves to provide for checking a lo
long
nger
er mi
mixi
xing
ng tim
time,
e, a sm
small
aller
er lo
load
ad,, or a mo
morere ef
efffici
icien
entt
their calibration unless other means are provided for readily charging sequence will permit the requirements of Annex
Annex A1A1 to
to
and accurately determining the amount of water in the tank. be met.
NOTE 14—The scale accuracy limitations of the National Ready Mixed 11.6

11 .6 Mixer
Mixerss and agitato
agitators
rs shall be examin
examined
ed or their mass
Concrete
Concre te Association
Association Plant Certification
Certification meet the requir
requirement
ementss of this determine
determ ined
d as fre
freque
quentl
ntly
y as nec
necessa
essary
ry to det
detect
ect cha
change
ngess in
specification. condition due to accumulations of hardened concrete or mortar
and examined to detect wear of blades. When such changes are
11.. Mixe
11 Mixers
rs and Agitators
Agitators extensive enough to affect the mixer performance, the proof-
testss des
test describ
cribed
ed in Annex
Annex A1 shall
shall be pe
perf
rfor
orme
medd to shshow
ow
11.
1.1
1 Mi
Mixe
xers
rs wi
will
ll be st
stati
ation
onar
ary
y mi
mixe
xers
rs or tr
truc
uck
k mix
mixer
ers.
s.
whether the correction of deficiencies is required.
Agitators will be truck mixers or truck agitators.
11.1
1.1.1
.1 Stat
Station
ionary
ary mix
mixers
ers sha
shall
ll be equequipp
ipped
ed with a meta
metall 12. Mixi
Mixing
ng and Delivery
Delivery
plate or plates on which are plainly marked the mixing speed
of the drum or paddles, and the maximum capacity in terms of 12.1 Ready-
Ready-mixed
mixed concrete
concrete shall be mixed and delivered to
the volume of mixed concrete. When used for the complete the point designated by the purchaser by means of one of the
mixing of concrete, stationary mixers shall be equipped with an following combinations of operations:
acceptable timing device that will not permit the batch to be 12.1.1 Central-Mixed Concrete.
discharged until the specified mixing time has elapsed. 12.1.2 Shrink-Mixed Concrete.
11.1
1.1.2
.2 Each trutruck
ck mix
mixer
er or agiagitato
tatorr sha
shall
ll hav
havee atta
attache
ched
d 12.1.3 Truck-Mixed Concrete.
thereto in a prominent place a metal plate or plates on which
are plainly marked the gross volume of the drum, the capacity 12.2 Mixer
Mixerss and agitators shall
shall be operated within the limits
of the drum or container in terms of the volume of mixed of capacity and speed of rotation designated by the manufac-
concrete, and the minimum and maximum mixing speeds of
-
-
turer of the equipment.
`
,
rotation of the drum, blades, or paddles. When the concrete is

,
,
12.3 Central-Mixed Concrete— Concrete

Concrete that is mixed com-
,
`
`
,
`
truck mixed as described in 12.5

`
,
,
`
`
in 12.5,, or shrink mixed as described pletely in a stationary mixer and transported to the point of
`
in 12.4
in 12.4,, the volume of mixed concrete shall not exceed 63 % of
`
`
`
,
,
`
`
delivery either in a truck agitator, or a truck mixer operating at
`
,
the total volume of the drum or container. When the concrete

,
`
,
`
agitating speed, or in nonagitating equipment approved by the
is central mixed as descri
`
,
-
`
-
described
bed in 12.3
in 12.3,, the volum
volumee of concr
concrete
ete in purchaser and meeting the requirements of Section 13 13,, shall
`
the truck mixer or agitator shall not exceed 80 % of the total

,
,
conform to the following: The mixing time shall be counted

`
,
,
`
,
volume of the drum or container. Truck mixers and agitators

`
,
,
`
- from the time all the solid materials are in the drum. The batch
-
shall be equipped with means to readily verify the number of

-
shall be so charged into the mixer that some water will enter in
revolutions of the drum, blades, or paddles. advance of the cement and aggregate, and all water shall be in
11.2 All stat
station
ionary
ary and tru truck
ck mix
mixers
ers shall be cap
capabl
ablee of the drum by the end of the first one fourth of the specified
combining the ingredients of the concrete within the specified mixing time.
time or the number
number of rev revolu
olutio
tions
ns spe
specifie
cifiedd in 12.5,
12.5, into a 12.3.1
12. 3.1 Where no mix mixer
er per
perfor
forman
mance ce test
testss are mad
made,
e, the
thoroughly
thoroughly mixed and unifo uniform
rm mass and of discha
dischargin
rging g the acceptable mixing time for mixers having capacities of 1 yd3
conc
concre
rete
te so ththat
at no
nott les
lesss th
than
an fiv
fivee of th
thee six re
requ
quir
irem
emenents
ts [0.76 m3] or less shall be not less than 1 min. For mixers of
shown in Table
in Table A1.1 shall
A1.1 shall have been met. greater capacity, this minimum shall be increased 15 s for each
cubic
cub ic yar
yardd [cu
[cubic
bic metr
metre]
e] or fra
fractio
ctionn ther
thereof
eof of add
additio
itionalnal
NOTE 15—The sequence or method of charging the mixer will have an capacity
capacit y (See
(See Note
Note 17).
17).
important effect on the uniformity of the concrete.
11.3 The agitator shall

11.3 shall be capabl
capablee of maintaining the mixed NOTE 17—Stationary mixers of similar design bearing a Performance
Rated plate of the Concrete Plant Manufacturers
Manufacturers Bureau have been tested
conc
concre
rete
te in a th
thor
orou
ough
ghly
ly mix
mixed
ed an
and d un
unif
ifor
orm
m ma
mass
ss an
and
d of for their ability to produce uniformly mixed concrete in accordance with
discharging the concrete with a satisfactory degree of unifor- Annex A1
A1 for low slump (< 2 in. [50 mm]) and normal slump (4–6 in.
mity as defined by Annex
by Annex A1.
A1. [100–150 mm]) concrete in a mixing time between 30 and 90 sec.

6Licensee=F
Licensee=Fluor
User=Bravo, Jorge

C94/C94M − 13a
12.3.2
12.3. 2 Where mixer performanc
performancee tests have been made on ability to produce uniformly mixed concrete in accordance with Annex
given concrete mixtures in accordance with the testing program A1..
A1
set forth in the following paragraphs, and the mixers have been 12.5.1 Sampling
Sampling for Uni
Unifor
formity
mity of Con
Concr
crete
ete Pr
Produ
oduced
ced in
charged to their rated capacity, the acceptable mixing time is Truck Mixers— The The concrete shall be discharged at the normal
permitted to be reduced for those particular circumstances to a operati
ope rating
ng rat
ratee for the mix
mixer
er bein
beingg test
tested,
ed, with care bei
being
ng
point at which satisfactory mixing defined in 12.3.3
in 12.3.3 shall
shall have exercised not to obstruct or retard the discharge by an incom-
been accomplished. When the mixing time is so reduced the pletely opened gate or seal. Separate samples, each consisting
maximum time of mixing shall not exceed this reduced time by of approximately 2 ft3 [0.1 m3 approximately] shall be taken
more than 60 s for air-entrained concrete. after discharge of approximately 15 % and 85 % of the load
12.3.3 Sampling for Uniformity Tests
Tests of Stationary Mixers— (Note 16)
16). These samples shall be obtained within an elapsed
Samples of con
Samples concre
crete
te for com
compar
parativ
ativee pur
purpos
poses
es sha
shall
ll be ob- time of not more than 15 min. The samples shall be secured in
tained immediately after arbitrarily designated mixing times, in accorda
acco rdance
nce with PraPractic
cticee C172/C172M,
C172/C172M, but
but sh
shall
all be kekept
pt
accordance with one of the following procedures: separate to represent specific points in the batch rather than
12.3.3.1 Altern
Alternative
ative PrProcedu re 1— Th
ocedure Thee mimixe
xerr sh
shal
alll be combin
com bineded to for
form
m a com
compos posite
ite samp
sample.
le. Betw
Between
een sam
samples
ples,,
stoppe
stopped,
d, and the reqrequir
uired
ed samp
samples
les rem
remove
oved d by any suisuitabl
tablee where necessary to maintain slump, the mixer shall be turned
means from the concrete at approximately equal distances from in mix
mixing
ing dir
directi
ection
on at agi
agitati
tating
ng spe
speed.
ed. Dur
During
ing sam
sampli
pling
ng the
the front and back of the drum, or receptacle shall receive the full discharge of the chute. Suffi-
12.3.3.2 Alternative
Alternative Pro ceduree 2— As th
Procedur thee mi
mixe
xerr is be
bein
ing
g cient personnel must be available to perform the required tests
emptied, individual samples shall be taken after discharge of promptly. Segregation during sampling and handling must be
appr
ap prox
oxim
imate
ately
ly 15 % anandd 85 % of th thee lo
load
ad.. Th
Thee me
meth
thod
od of avoided. Each sample shall be remixed the minimum amount
sampling shall provide that the samples are representative of to en
ensusure
re un
unif
ifor
ormi
mity
ty be
befofore
re sp
spec
ecim
imen
enss ar
aree mo
mold
lded
ed foforr a
widely separated portions, but not from the very ends of the particular
particular test.
batch (Note
(Note 16).
16).
12.6
12.6 When
When a tr
truc
uck
k mix
mixer
er or tr
truc
uck
k ag
agit
itato
atorr is us
used
ed fo
forr
12.3.3
12.3.3.3
.3 The samples
samples of con
concre
crete
te sha
shall
ll be test
tested
ed in acco
accor-r-
dance with Section 18
18,, and differences in test results for the tra
transp
nsport
orting
stationarying concre
concrete
mixer, te turning
any thatt has
tha been
been transportation
during comple
com pletely
tely mixed in ata
shall be
two samples shall not exceed those given in Annex
in Annex A1.
A1. Mixer
the speed designated by the manufacturer of the equipment as
performance tests shall be repeated whenever the appearance
agitating
agitating speed.
of the con
concre
crete
te or the coa coarse
rse aggregate
aggregate con
conten
tentt of sam
sample
pless
selected
selected as out
outlin
lined
ed in thi thiss sec
section
tion indicates
indicates tha
thatt ade
adequa
quate
te 12.7 For truck mixers satisfying satisfying the requi requirement
rementss of 12.5
mixing has not been accomplished. for mixing concrete, no water from the truck water system or
12.4 Shrink-Mixed Concrete— Concrete
Concrete that is first partially elsewhere shall be added after the initial introduction of mixing
mixed in a stationary mixer, and then mixed completely in a water for the batch except when on arrival at the job site the
truck mixer, shall conform to the following: The time of partial slump or slump flow of the concrete is less than that specified,
mixing shall be minimum required to intermingle the ingredi- and except as permitted separately in 12.9 in 12.9.. If the desired slump
ents. After transfer
transfer to a truck mixer the amount of mixing at the or sluslumpmp flow is les lesss tha
thann spe
specifi
cified,
ed, and unl unless
ess otherwis
otherwisee
designated mixing speed will be that necessary to meet the state
stated, d, ob
obtatain
in th
thee de
desir
sired
ed slslum
ump p or sluslumpmp flo flow
w wi with
thin
in th thee
requirements
requir ements for unifo
uniformity
rmity of concre
concretete as indicat
indicated
ed in
in Annex
Annex tolera
tol erances
nces stastated
ted in 7.1.1,
7.1.1, 7.1.2,
7.1.2, or 7.1.3 withwith a oneone-tim
-timee
A1.. Test
A1 Testss to co
confi
nfirm
rm susuch
ch pe
perf
rfor
orma
mancncee sh
shall
all be ma
madede in addition of water. Do not exceed the maximum water content
accordance with 12.3.3
with 12.3.3 and
and 12.3.3.3
12.3.3.3.. Additional turning of the for the batch as established by the designed mixture proportion.
mixer, if any, shall be at a designated agitating speed. A one-time
one-time add additio
itionn of watwaterer is not pro prohib
hibited
ited from bei beingng
several distinct additions of water provided that no concrete
12.5 Truck-Mixed
Truck-Mixed Concrete— Concret
Concretee tha
thatt is com
complet
pletely
ely has been discharged except for slump or slump flow flow testing. All
mixed in a truck mixer, 70 to 100 revolutions at the mixing water additions shall be completed within 15 min from the start
speed designated by the manufacturer to produce the unifor- of th thee fir
first
st wawater
ter adaddi
ditio
tion.
n. SuSuch
ch adaddi
ditio
tiona
nall wa
water
ter sh
shall
all be
mity
mit y of co conc
ncre
rete
te in
indi
dicat
cated
ed in Annex
Annex A1 (see Note
Note 18
18).
). injected into the mixer under such pressure and direction of
Concre
Con crete
te uni
unifor
formity
mity tests sha
shall
ll be mad
madee in acco
accorda
rdance
nce with flow to allo allow w for proper
proper dis distrib
tributi
ution
on with
within
in the mixmixerer.. The
12.5.1 and
12.5.1 and if requirements for uniformity of concrete indicated drum shall be turned an additional 30 revolutions, or more if
in Annex
in Annex A1 are
A1 are not met with 100 revolutions of mixing, after nece
ne cess ssar
ary
y, at mixmixiningg spspee
eedd to en ensu
sure
re th that
at a ho homo
mogegeno nous
us
all ingredients including water, are in the drum, that mixer shall mixture is attained. Water shall not be added to the batch at any
not be used until the condition is corrected, except as provided later time. Discharge of the concr concrete
ete shall be completed within
in 11.5
11.5.. When satisfactory performance is found in one truck 1
1 ⁄ 2 h after the introduction of the mixing water to the cement
mixer
mix er,, the per
perfor
forman
mancece of mix
mixers
ers of sub
substan
stantial
tially
ly the sam
samee and
an d ag aggr
greg
egate
atess or th thee inintr
trod
oducuctio
tion
n of th thee cem
cemenentt to th thee
design and condition of blades are permitted to be regarded as aggregates. This limitation may be waived by the purchaser if
satisfactory
satisfa ctory.. Additional revolutions
revolutions of the mixer beyond the the concrete is of such slump or slump flow after the 1 1 ⁄ 2-h time
number found to produce the required uniformity of concrete has been reached that it can be placed, without the addition of
shall be at a designated agitating speed. water
wa ter to th thee ba
batch
tch.. In ho hott weweath
ather
er,, or un unde
derr co
cond
nditi
ition
onss
NOTE 18—Truck mixers of similar design bearing a Performance Rated contributing to rapid stiffening of the concrete, a time less than
plate of the Truck Mixer Manufacturers Bureau have been tested for their 11 ⁄ 2 h is permitted to be specified by the purchaser.
--`,,,,``,``,,``````,,```,,`,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

7Licensee=F
Licensee=Fluor
User=Bravo, Jorge

C94/C94M − 13a
12.8
12 .8 When
When a dr drum
um re
revo
volu
lutio
tion
n lim
limitit (6.1.8
6.1.8)) fo
forr st
star
artt of concrete tempe
concrete temperature
raturess appro
approach
ach 90 °F [32 °C]. Addit
Additional
ional information
information
discharge
discha rge is specifie
specified
d by the purch
purchaser
aser,, this limit shall govern. may be found in ACI 305R.
NOTE 19—Depend
19—Dependinging on the project requir
requirements
ements the techno
technology
logy is 13. Use of Nonag
Nonagitati
itating
ng Equipment
Equipment
available to the manufacturer to alter fresh concrete properties (such as
setting time, slump or slump flow, air content, etc.). On some projects the 13.1 Whe
13.1 When n the use of nonnon-ag
-agitat
itating
ing tra
transp
nsport
ortatio
ation
n equ
equip-
ip-
manufacturer may request changes to certain fresh concrete properties due ment
me nt is ap
appr
prov
oved
ed by ththee pu
purc
rcha
hase
serr, th
thee co
conc
ncre
rete
te sh
shal
alll be
to the distance or projected transportation time between the batch plant manufactured in a central mix plant. The proportions of the
and the point of delivery.
concrete shall be approved by the purchaser and the following
12.9 For truck mixers with automated water measurement
measurement limitations shall apply:
and slump
slu
12.9.1 and
12.9.1 mp iforpermitted
and slump
slump flow monito
monitorin
by the ringg equ
purchaser, equipm
ipment
water ent
maydefi
defined
be ned
added in 13.2
13.2 Bod
Bodies
ies of non
nonagit
agitatin
ating
g equ
equipm
ipment
ent sha
shall
ll be smo
smooth
oth,,
watertight
watertight,, meta
metall con
contain
tainers
ers equ
equipp
ipped
ed with gat
gates
es tha
thatt will
during transportation to the job site. Such additional water shall
permit control of the discharge of the concrete. Covers shall be
be injected into the mixer under such pressure and direction of
provided for protection against the weather when required by
flow to allo
alloww for proper
proper disdistrib
tributi
ution
on wit
within
hin the mix
mixerer.. The
the purchaser.
water content of the batch shall not exceed that established by
the designed mixture proportions. If water is added, the mixer 13.3 The concrete
concrete shall be delivered
delivered to the site of the work
shall be rotated for an additional 30 drum revolutions, or more in a thoroughly mixed and uniform mass and discharged with
if necessary, at mixing speed to ensure a homogeneous mix is a satisfactory degree of uniformity as prescribed in Annex
in Annex A1.
A1.
attai
attaine
ned.
d. Sa
Said
id mi
mixi
xing
ng sh shall
all tak
takee pl
plac
acee af
after
ter th
thee la
last
st wa
water
ter 13.4 Slump tests of individual
individual samples taken after discharge
discharge
addition but before the start of discharge. The acceptance or of approximately 15 % and 85 % of the load will provide for a
rejection of concrete based on slump or slump flow shall be quick check of the probable degree of uniformity (Note 16).
16).
according to Section
Section 17
17 of
of this specification. These two samples shall be obtained within an elapsed time of
12.9.1
12. 9.1 The autautoma
omatedted slu
slump
mp or slu slump
mp flow mon monitoitorin
ringg not more than 15 min. If these slumps differ more than that
equipment shall be capable of obtaining one or more physical specified in Table A1.1,
A1.1, the nonagitating equipment shall not
measurements on the truck mixer related to concrete slump or
slump flow and providing an indication of slump or slump flow be used unless the conditions are corrected as provided in 13.5
in 13.5..
13.5 If the requiremen
requirementsts of Annex
Annex A1 are
A1 are not met when the
based on pre-established correlations. The slump or slump flow
nonagitating equipment is operated for the maximum time of
measure
meas uremen
mentt equ
equipm
ipment
ent sha
shall
ll rep
report
ort in ter
terms
ms of sluslump
mp or
haul
haul,, an
and
d wi
with
th th
thee co
conc
ncre
rete
te mi
mixe
xed
d th
thee mi
mini
nimu
mumm tim
time,
e, th
thee
slump flow. The device for the measurement of water added to
equipm
equ ipment
ent sha
shall
ll onl
onlyy be use
usedd whe
when n ope
operat
rated
ed usi
using
ng sho
shorte
rterr
the truck mixer shall be accurate to 63 % of the amount added
hauls, or longer mixing times, or combinations thereof that will
with said device. Upon request by the purchaser, the manufac-
result in the requirements of Annex
Annex A1 being met.
turer shall submit data no older than 6 months substantiating
the accuracy of the device for the measurement of water added.
14. Batc
Batch
h Tic
Ticket
ket Information
Information
The equ
equipm
ipment
ent sha
shall
ll hav
havee con
contro
trols
ls to pre
preven
ventt dis
discha
charg
rgee of
water at pre-set limits to avoid exceeding the maximum water 14.1 The manufacturer
manufacturer of the concr concrete
ete shall furnish to the
content for the batch as established by the designed mixture purchaser with each batch of concrete before unloading at the
proportions. site, a delivery ticket on which is printed, stamped, or written,
information concerning said concrete as follows:
12.10 Con
12.10 Concre
crete
te del
delive
ivered
red in col
cold
d wea
weathe
therr sha
shall
ll hav
havee the
14.1.1
14. 1.1 Name of rea ready-
dy-mix
mix com
compan
panyy and batbatch
ch pla
plant,
nt, or
applicable
applicable minimu
minimumm temper
temperature
ature indicated in the follow
following
ing
batch plant number,
table. (The purchaser shall inform the producer as to the type 14.1.2
14.1. 2 Serial number
number of ticket,
of construction for which the concrete is intended.)
14.1.3
14.1. 3 Date,
Minimum Concrete Temperature as Placed
14.1.4
14.1. 4 Tru
Truck
ck number,
number,
Sec
Secti
tion
on Si
Size
ze,, in
in.. [m
[mm]
m] Tem
empe
pera
ratu
ture
re,, mi
min,
n, °F [°
[°C]
C] 14.1.5
14.1. 5 Name of purchaser,
purchaser,
14.1.6
14.1. 6 Specific designation
designation of job (name and locatio location),
n),
<12 [<300] 55 [13]
14.1
14 .1.7
.7 Specifi
Specificc cl clas
asss or dedesi
sign
gnati
ation
on of th thee co
conc
ncre
rete
te in
12–36 [300–900] 50 [10]
36–72 [900–1800] 45 [7] conformance with that employed in job specifications,
>72 [>1800] 40 [5] 14.1.8
14.1. 8 Amoun
Amountt of concr
concrete
ete in cubic yards (or cubic metres),
metres),
Thee max
Th maximu
imumm temtempe
perat
ratur
uree of con
concr
crete
ete pr
prod
oduce
ucedd wit
with
h 14.1
14 .1.9
.9 Tim
Timee lo
load
adeded or of fir first
st mi
mixixing
ng of ce ceme
mentnt anand
d
heated agg
heated aggreg
regates
ates,, hea
heated
ted water,
water, or bot
both,
h, sha
shall
ll at no time aggregates, and
during its production or transportation exceed 90 °F [32 °C]. 14.1.1
14. 1.10
0 Amo
Amountunt of watwater
er add
addeded by purchaser
purchaser of the con-
crete
cre te or the purpurcha
chaser’
ser’ss des
design
ignated
ated rep
repres
resent
entativ
ativee and his
NOTE 20—When hot water is used rapid stiffening may occur if hot
initials.
water is brought in direct contact with the cement. Additional information
on cold weather concreting is contained in ACI 306R. 14.1.11 For trucks equipped with automated water measure-
ment
me nt an
andd slu
slump
mp or sl slum
ump p flo
floww momoni
nito
tori
ring
ng eqequi
uipm
pmenentt as
12.11
12.1 1 The producer
producer shall delive
deliverr the ready mixed concrete
concrete defined
define d in 12.9.1,
12.9.1, the total amount
amount of water added by sai said
d
during
during ho
hott we
weat
athe
herr at coconc
ncre
rete
te tetemp
mper
erat
atur
ures
es as lo
low
w as
equipment.
practicable, subject to the approval of the purchaser.
14.1.12
14.1. 12 Revolu
Revolution
tion limit as determ
determined
ined by the manuf
manufac-ac-
NOTE 21—In
21—In some situations difficulty
difficulty may be encoun
encountered
tered when turer in accordance with 6.1.8
with 6.1.8..
--`,,,,``,``,,``````,,```,,`,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

8Licensee=F
Licensee=Fluor
User=Bravo, Jorge

C94/C94M − 13a
14.2
14.2 Add
Additio
itional
nal inf
inform
ormatio
ation
n for cert
certifica
ificatio
tion
n pur
purpos
poses
es as NOTE 22—Deviation from standard test methods may adversely affect
designated by the purchaser and required by the job specifica- test results.
NOTE 23—Deviation from standard moisture and temperature curing
tions shall be furnished when requested; such information as:
conditions is often a reason for low strength test results. Such deviations
14.2.1
14.2.1 Readin
Reading g of revol
revolution
ution counter
counter at the first addition of may invalidate the use of such test results as a basis for rejection of the
water, concrete.
14.2.2
14.2.2 Type, brand,
brand, and amoun
amountt of cement,
14.2.3
14.2.3 Clas
Class,s, brand,
brand, and amount
amount of coa
coall fly ash, or raw or 17. Sampling and Testing
Testing Fresh Concrete
Concrete
calcined natural pozzo
pozzolans,
lans, 17.1 The contractor
contractor shall afford
afford the inspec
inspector
tor all reason
reasonable
able
14.2.4
14.2.4 Grade
Grade,, brand, and amount of slag cement, access and assistance, without charge, for the procurement of
14.2.
14.2.5
14.2.6
14.2. 5
6 T
Type, brand, and
brand,
ype, brand, amountt of
amoun
and amount of silica fume,
admixtures
admixt ures samples of fresh
conformance of itconcrete at time of placement to determine
to this specification.
14.2.7
14.2. 7 Type, brand, and amount of fiber reinforcement,
reinforcement, 17.2 Tests of con
17.2 concre
crete
te req
requir
uired
ed to det
determ
ermine
ine com
complia
pliance
nce
14.2
14 .2.8
.8 So
Sour
urce
ce an
andd am
amouount
nt of eaeach
ch me
meter
tered
ed or we
weig
ighe
hedd with this specification shall be made by a certified technician in
water, accordance
accord ance with Practic
Practicee C1077
C1077..
14.2.9
14.2. 9 Info
Information
rmation necessary
necessary to calculat
calculatee the total mixing
water. Total mixing water includes free water on aggregates, 17.3 Sample
Sampless of concr
concrete ete shall be obtain
obtained
ed in accord
accordance
ance
batch water (metered or weighed) including ice batched at the with Practice C172/C172M,
C172/C172M, except when taken to determine
plant, wash water retained in the mixing drum, and water added uniformity of slump within any one batch or load of concrete
by the truck operator from the mixer tank, (11.4
11.4,, 12.3.3
12.3.3,, 12.5.1
12.5.1,, and
and 13.4
13.4)).
14.2.10
14.2. 10 Maximu
Maximum m size of aggre
aggregate,
gate, 17.4
17.4 Slu
Slump
mp or slu
slump
mp flow
flow,, air
air-co
-conte
ntent,
nt, den
density
sity,, and tem
tem--
14.2.11
14.2. 11 Mass (amount)
(amount) of fine and coarse aggregate, perature tests shall be made at the time of discharge at the
14.2.12
14.2. 12 Ingre
Ingredients
dients certified as being previously
previously approved,
approved, option
option of the inspector
inspector as oft
often
en as is nec
necess
essary
ary for con
contro
troll
and checks. In addition, these tests shall be made when specified
14.2.13
14.2. 13 Signatu
Signaturere or initials of producer’s
producer’s repres
representativ
entative.
e. and always when strength specimens are made.
15. Plan
Plantt Inspection
Inspection 17.5
17 .5 Stre
Streng
ngth
th te
test
stss as we
well
ll as sl slum
umpp or slslum
ump p flo
flow w,
temperature, density, and air content tests shall generally be
15.1 The manufacturer
manufacturer shall afford
afford the inspec
inspector
tor all reason
reason-- made with a frequency of not less than one test for each 150
able access, without charge, for making necessary checks of 3
yd (115 m3). Each test shall be made from a separate batch. On

the production
production facilitie
facilitiess and for securi
securing
ng necessary samples to each day concrete is delivered, at least one strength test shall be
determine if the concrete is being produced in accordance with made for each class of concrete.
this specification.
specification. All tests and inspec
inspection
tion shall be so conducted
as not to int
interf
erfere
ere unn
unneceecessar
ssarily
ily wit
with
h the man
manufa
ufactu
cture
re and 17.6
17. 6 If pre
prelimi
liminar
naryy che
checks
cks of slu slump,
mp, slump flow flow,, or air
delivery of concrete. conten
cont entt araree ma
madede,, a sising
ngle
le sa
samp
mplele shshall
all be tatake
kenn af
after
ter th
thee
3 3
discharge of not less than ⁄ 4 yd or ⁄ 4 m . All other require-
1 1
16. Practices, Test

Test Methods, and Reporting ment
me ntss of Pr Prac
actic
ticee C172/C172M shal shalll be re reta
tain
ined
ed.. If ththee
16.1 Test
16.1 Test rea
ready-
dy-mix
mixed
ed con
concre
crete
te in acco
accorda
rdance
nce with the preliminary measurement of slump slump (12.7
12.7)) or air content (8.3
8.3))
following methods: falls outside the specified limits, address as indicated in section
16.1.1 Compression
Compression Test Specimens— Practice
Practice C31/C31M,
C31/C31M, 17.6.1 or
17.6.1 or 17.6.2
17.6.2 as appropriate.
using standard moist curing in accordance with the applicable 17.6.1
17.6. 1 If the measured slump or slump flow, flow, or air content,
or both is greater than the specified upper limit, a check test
provi
provisions
sions
16.1.2 of Practic
Practicee C31/C31M
Compression C31/C31M.
Test. Method C39/C39M
Tests— Test Method C39/C39M.. shall be made immediately on a new test sample. In the event
16.1.3 Yield the check test fails, the concrete shall be considered to have
Yield,, Mas
Masss per Cub
Cubic
ic Foo t— Test Metho
Foot— Method
d C138/
C138M..
C138M failed the requirements of the specification.
16.1.4 Air Co Conte nt— Test Metho
ntent— Method d C138/C138M;
C138/C138M; Test 17.6.2
17.6. 2 If the measured slump or slump flow, flow, or air content,
Method C173/C173M
Method C173/C173M or Test Method C231/C231M
Method C231/C231M.. or both is less than the low lowerer limi
limit,t, per
permit
mit adjustmen
adjustments ts in
16.1.5 Slump— Test
Test Method C143/C143M
Method C143/C143M.. accordance with 12.7
with 12.7 or or 8.3
8.3 or
or both, as appropriate,
appropriate, and obtain
16.1.6 Slump Flow— Test Test Method
Method C1611/C1611M.
C1611/C1611M. a new sample. If the sample of the adjusted concrete fails, a
16.1.7 Sampling Fresh Concrete— Practice C172/C172M
Practice C172/C172M.. check test shall be made immediately on a new sample of the
16.1.8 Temperature— Test
Test Method C1064/C1064M
Method C1064/C1064M.. adjusted
adjust ed concrete. In the event the check test fails, the concr concrete
ete
shall
sha ll be conconsid
sidered
ered to havhavee fai
failed
led the requiremen
requirements ts of the
16.2 The testing laboratory
laboratory performing
performing acceptance tests of specification.
concrete shall meet the requirements of Practice C1077
Practice C1077..
16.3 Lab
16.3 Labora
orator
toryy rep
report
ortss of con
concre
crete
te test res
result
ultss use
used
d to 18. Str
Strength
ength
determine compliance with this specification shall include a 18.1 Wh
18.1 When
en st
stre
reng
ngth
th is us
used
ed as a ba
basis
sis for acc
accep
epta
tanc
ncee of
statement that all tests performed by the laboratory or its agents concrete, standard specimens shall be made in accordance to
were in accordance with the applicable test methods or shall Practice C31/C31M.
C31/C31M. The
The spspeci
ecime
mens
ns sh
shal
alll be cu
cure
red
d un
unde
derr
notee all kno
not known
wn devdeviati
iations
ons fro
fromm the pre
prescr
scribe
ibedd pro
proced
cedure
uress standard
standa rd moistu
moisture
re and temper
temperature
ature conditions
conditions in accord
accordance
ance
(No
Notete 22
22).
). The rerepo
portrtss sh
shall
all also list an
anyy pa
part
rt of the testestt with
wit h the app
applica
licable
ble pro
provis
vision
ionss of Pra
Practic
cticee C31/C31M.
C31/C31M. The
methods not performed by the laboratory. technician performing the strength test shall be certified as an
--`,,,,``,``,,``````,,```,,`,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

9Licensee=F
Licensee=Fluor
User=Bravo, Jorge

C94/C94M − 13a
ACI Concrete Strength Testing Technician, Concrete Labora- 18.4.2

18.4.2 When the specified
specified strength is 5000 psi
psi [35 MPa] or
tory Testing Technician—Grade II or by an equivalent written less, no individual strength test (average of two cylinder tests)
and
an d pe
perf
rfor
orma
manc
ncee te
test
st pr
prog
ogra
ram
m cocove
veri
ring
ng th
thee re
relev
levan
antt tes
testt shall
sh all be mo
more re th
than
an 50
500
0 ps
psii [3
[3.5
.5 MP
MPa]
a] be
belo
low
w ththee sp
speci
ecifie
fied
d
methods. If acceptance is based upon compressive strength test strength, f ' c.
results, the certification requirement is satisfied by certification
NOTE 25—Due to variations in materials, operations, and testing, the
as an ACI Concrete Laboratory Testing
Testing Technician—Grade
Technician—Grade I or average strength necessary to meet these requirements will be substan-
by an equivalent written and performance test program. tially higher than the specified strength. The amount higher depends upon
the standard deviation
deviation of the test results and the accuracy with which that
18.2 For a strength test, at least two standard
standard test specimens value
val ue can be est
estima
imated
ted fro
from
m pri
prior
or dat
dataa as exp
explai
lained
ned in ACI 318 and
shall be made from a composite sample secured as required in ACI 301. Pertinent data are given in Appendix X1. X1.
Section 17
17.. A test shall be the average of the strengths of the 18.4.3
18.4.3 When the specified strength
strength is greater than 5000 psi
specimens
specime ns tested at the age specifi
specified
ed in 6.3.1.1
in 6.3.1.1 or
or 6.5.1.1
6.5.1.1 (
(Note
Note [35 MPa], no individual strength test (average of two cylinder
24).
24 ). If a spe
specime
cimenn sho
shows
ws defi
definit
nitee evid
evidenc
encee oth
otherer tha
than
n low tests) shall be less than 0.90 f ' c.
strength, of improper sampling, molding, handling, curing, or
testing, it shall be discarded and the strength of the remaining 19. Failure to Meet Strength
Strength Requirements
Requirements
cylinder shall then be considered the test result. 19.1 In the event that concrete
concrete tested in accordance
accordance with the
NOTE 24—A
24—Addi
dditio
tional
nal tests may be mad
madee at oth
other
er age
agess to obt
obtain
ain requirements of Section
Section 18
18 fails
fails to meet the strength require-
information for determining form removal time or when a structure may ments
men ts of thi
thiss spe
specific
cificatio
ation,
n, the manmanufa
ufactu
cturer
rer of the rea
ready-
dy-
be put in service. Specimens for such tests are cured according to the mixed
mix ed con
concre
cretete and the pur
purcha
chaser
ser sha
shall
ll con
confer
fer to dete
determi
rmine
ne
section on Field Curing in Practice C31/C31M
C31/C31M.. whether agreement can be reached as to what adjustment or
18.3 The representative
representative of the purchaser shall ascertain
ascertain and adjustments, if any, shall be made to the mixture proportions,
record the delivery-ticket number for the concrete and the exact production process, or testing procedures.
locat
locatio
ion
n in th
thee wo
work
rk at wh
whic
ich
h ea
each
ch lo
load
ad re
repr
pres
esen
ented
ted by a NOTE 26—Sec
26—Sectio
tion
n R5.
R5.6.3
6.3.4
.4 of the ACI 318 318–1
–111 Com
Commen
mentar
tary
y and
strength test is deposited. Section 5.6.5 of ACI 318–11 and its respective Commentary
Commentary address when
and how low strength test results and the quality of in-place concrete can
18.4 To conform to the requirements
requirements of this specification,
specification, be investigated.
strength tests representing each class of concrete must meet the
following two requirements (Note(Note 25):
25): 20. Keyw
Keywords
ords
18.4.1
18.4.1 The average of any three conseconsecutive
cutive strength
strength tests 20.1 accurac
accuracy;
y; blen
blended
ded hyd
hydraul
raulic
ic cemen
cement;
t; certi
certificat
fication;
ion;
shall be equal to, or greater than, the specified strength, f ' ' c, and ready-mixed
ready-mixed concrete; scales; testing
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. CONCRETE UNIFORMITY

UNIFORMITY REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS
A1.1 The variation

variation within a batch as provided
provided in T
in Table
able A1.1 the comparison will be between two samples, representing the
shall be determined for each property listed as the difference
between the highest value and the lowest value obtained from
the different portions of the same batch. For this specification
-
-
`
,
,
,
,
`
`
,
`
`
,
,
`
`
`
TABLE A1.1 Requirements for Uniformity of Concrete
`
`
`
,
,
`
`
Requirement, Expressed as
`
,
,
`
,
Maximum Permissible Difference in
`
`
,
-
Test Results of Tests of Samples
`
-
`
,
,
Taken from Two Locations
`
,
,
`
,
in the Concrete Batch
`
,
Mass per cubic foot [mass per cubic meter] calculated to an air-free basis, lb/ft 3 [kg/m3] 1.0 [16]
,
`
-
-
-
Air content, volume % of concrete 1.0

Slump:
If average slump is 4 in. [100 mm] or less, in. [mm] 1.0 [25]
If average slump is 4 to 6 in. [100 to 150 mm], in. [mm] 1.5 [40]
Coarse aggregate content, portion by mass of each sample retained on No. 4 [4.75-mm] sieve, % 6.0
Mass per unit volume of air-free mortar based on average for all comparative samples tested, %. 1.6
Average compressive strength at 7 days for each sample,A babase
sed d on av
aver
erag
agee ststre
reng
ngth
th of al
alll co
comp
mpar
arat
ativ
ive
e te
test
st sp
spec
ecim
imen
ens,
s, % 5B
7.5
7.
A
Not less than 3 cylinders will be molded and tested from each of the samples.
B
Approval of the mixer shall be tentative, pending results of the 7-day compressive strength tests.

10
Licensee=Fluor
Licensee=Fluor Corp no FPPPV per administrator /2110503106, User=Bravo,
User=Bravo, Jorge

C94/C94M − 13a
first and last portions of the batch being tested. Test results b2c
M 5 (A1.2)
conforming to the limits of five of the six tests listed in Table
in Table
A1.1 shall indicate uniform concrete within the limits of this
A1.1
V 2 S V 3 A
100
1
c
G
D
specification. SI units:
b2c
A1.2 Coarse Aggr
Aggregate
egate Conte nt, using
Content, using the was
washou
houtt test
test,, M 5 (A1.3)
shall be computed from the following relations: V 2 S V 3 A
100
1
c
G
D
P 5 ~ c / b ! 3 100 (A1.1)
where:
where: 3 3
P = mass % of coarse
coarse aggregat
aggregatee in concrete,
concrete, M = mass per
per unit
unit volume
volume of
of air-free
air-free morta
mortar,
r, lb/ft [kg/m ],
c = satu
satura
rated
ted-s
-sur
urfa
face
ce-d
-dry
ry mass
mass in lb [k[kg]
g] of ag
aggr
greg
egate
ate b = mass of of concrete
concrete sample in mass
mass container
container,, lb [kg],
retained on the No. 4 [4.75-mm] sieve, resulting from c = satu
saturat
rated-
ed-sur
surfac
face-d
e-dry
ry mass of aggaggreg
regate
ate retained
retained on
washing all material finer than this sieve from the fresh No. 4 [4.75-mm] sieve, lb [kg],
concrete,
concr ete, and V = volum
volumee of mass perper unit
unit volume container,, ft3 [m3],
volume container
b = ma
mass
ss of sam
sampl
plee of fresh
fresh concr
concretetee in mass per unit
unit A = air content
content of conconcre
crete,
te, %, mea
measur
sureded in accordanc
accordancee
volume container, lb [kg]. with 16.1.4
with 16.1.4 on
on the sample being tested, and
G = densit
densityy of
of coarse
coarse aggre
aggregate
gate (SSD)
(SSD)..
A1.3 Mass per Unit Volume Mortar shall be
Volume of Air Free Mortar
calculated as follows:
Inch-pound units:
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. Calcu
Calculation
lation of the Averag
Averagee Comp
Compress
ressive
ive Strength ( f '
' ), Necessary to Meet the Strength Requirements of Sections 18.4.1
cr
18.4.1,, 18.4.2
18.4.2,,
and 18.4.3
and 18.4.3
X1.1 Section 18.4 of this specification contains the same a sati

satisfa
sfactor
ctory y ave
averag
ragee of thr
three
ee con
consec
secutiv
utivee str streng
ength
th test
testss as
stren
strengt
gth
h re
requ
quir
irem
emen
ents
ts as ththos
osee co
cont
ntain
ained
ed in AC ACII 31
318
8 an
and
d required in 18.4.1
in 18.4.1 is
is (Eq. X1.1) of Table X1.1.
X1.1. The formulas
ACI 301, except it does not require the submittal of the data for the minimum strength of an individual strength test result as
and calculation of the average strength, f ' cr necessary to meet required in 18.4.2
in 18.4.2 and
and 18.4.3
18.4.3 are
are (Eq. X1.2) and ( Eq. X1.3) in
those ACI Code and Specifications. This Appendix does not Table X1.1
X1.1.. Sin
Since
ce the ave
averag
ragee str
streng
ength,
th, f 'cr, must be high
include all of the detailed requirements of the ACI Code and enough to conform to both averages of three consecutive tests
Specification that will govern a submittal for their respective and the requirements on minimum strength of a test, the one
purposes. The following material is intended to guide users of which requires highest average strength ( f 'cr) governs.
this specification when no formal submittal is required. X1.1.2
X1.1 .2 The fir first
st ste
step p in ththee pr
proc
oces
esss of cal
calcu
culat
latin
ing
g th
thee
X1.1.1 Table X1.1 provides
X1.1 provides the statistical formulas that can over-design above f ' or the required average strength is to
c
be used to calculate the required average strength f 'cr when determine if a record of 30 consecutive tests is available for the
historical statistical data are available. The formula to achieve propos
proposed
ed mix
mixtur
turee or simi
similar
lar mix
mixtur
turee wit
withh a des
design
ign str
streng
ength
th
TABLE X1.1 Requi

Required
red Average Compressive
Compressive Streng
Strength
th when Data are Available
Available to Establ
Establish
ish a Standa
Standard
rd Deviat
Deviation
ion
Inch-pound System SI System
Specified Strength Required Average Strength Specified Strength Required Average Strength
f ' ' c, psi f ' ' cr, psi f ' ' c, MPa f ' ' cr, MPa
f ' ' c equal to Use the larger from f ' ' c equal to Use the larger from
or less than 5000 Eq X1.1 and X1.2 or less than 35 Eq X1.1 and X1.2m
f ' ' cr = f
f ' ' c + 1.34s (X1.1) f ' ' cr = f
f ' ' c + 1.34s (X1.1)
f ' ' cr = f
f ' ' c + 2.33s – 500 (X1.2) f ' ' cr = f
f ' ' c + 2.33s – 3.45 (X1.2m)
grea
greate
terr th
than
an 50
5000
00 Use th
Use the e la larg
rger
er fr
from
om greater than 35 Use the larger from
Eq X1.1 and X1.3 Eq X1.1 and X1.3
f ' ' cr = f
f ' ' c + 1.34s (X1.1) f ' ' cr = f
f ' ' c + 1.34s (X1.1)
f ' ' cr = 0.90f
0.90f ' ' c + 2.33s (X1.3) f ' ' cr = 0.90f
0.90f ' ' c + 2.33s (X1.3)
where:
f ' c = the specified compressive strength
f ' cr = the required average compressive strength
s = the standard deviation
--`,,,,``,``,,``````,,```,,`,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

11
Licensee=Fluor
User=Bravo, Jorge

C94/C94M − 13a
withi
within
n 101000
00 pspsii [6 [6.6
.6 MP
MPa]a] of th
thee sp
spec
ecifi
ified
ed co
comp
mpre
ress
ssiv
ivee X1.1.3 Table
Table X1.
X1.33 provid
provides
es calc
calcula
ulated
ted val
values
ues of oveover-
r-
strength proposed for use. If it is a new mixture or strength design
des ign and req
requir
uired
ed ave
averag
ragee str
streng
ength
th for selselecte
ected
d sta
standa
ndard
rd
level and no standard deviation data is available then Table deviations and specified strength levels. Because of the large
X1.2 provide
providess def
default
ault lev
levels
els of ove
over-r-des
design
ign equ
equal
al to 100
1000,
0, ranges
ranges of str
streng
ength
th and sta
standa
ndard
rd dev
deviati
iations
ons,, the gra
grayy sha
shaded
ded
1200 or (1.10 f 'c +700) psi. areas are considered unusual or not likely to be encountered.
TABLE
TABLE X1.2 Requir
Required
ed Average Compressive
Compressive Streng
Strength
th When Data Are Not Available
Available to Estab
Establish
lish a Stand
Standard
ard Deviat
Deviation
ion
Inch-pound System SI System
Specified Strengthf
Strengthf ' ' c , psi Required Average Strength f
f ' ' cr, ps
psii Spec
Specifi
ified
ed St
Stre
reng
ngth
thf f ' ' c , MP
MPa
a Requ
Re quir
ired
ed Ave
vera
rage
ge St
Stre
reng
ngth
th f
f ' ' cr, MPa
Less than 3000 f ' ' c + 1000 Less than 21 f ' ' c + 7.0
3000 to 5000 f ' ' c + 1200 21 to 35 f ' ' c + 8.5
greater than 5000 1.10f ' ' c + 700 greater than 35 1.10f ' ' c + 5.0
where:
f ' c = the specified compressive strength
f ' cr = the required average compressive strength
s = the standard deviation
-
-
`
,
,
,
,
`
`
,
`
`
,
,
`
`
`
`
`
`
,
,
`
`
`
,
,
`
,
`
`
,
-
`
-
`
,
,
`
,
,
`
,
`
,
,
`
-
-
-

12
Licensee=Fluor
User=Bravo, Jorge

C94/C94M − 13a
TABLE X1.3 Overdesign Necessary to Conform to Specified Compressive Strength
-
-
-
`
,
,
`
,
`
,
,
`
,
,
`
-
`
-
,
`
`
,
`
,
,
`
`
`
,
,
`
`
`
`
`
`
,
,
`
`
,
`
`
,
,
,
,
`
-
-
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee
Committee C09 has identified
identified the location
location of sele
selected
cted changes
changes to thi
thiss spe
specific
cificatio
ation
n sin
since
ce the las
lastt issu
issue,
e,
C94/C94M–13, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved August 1, 2013)
(1) Added 6.1.8
Added 6.1.8,, Note 4,
4, 12.8
12.8,, Note 19,
19, a
and
nd 14.1.12
14.1.12.. (3) Revised 19.1
Revised 19.1..
(2) Changes in 12.7
in 12.7..
Committ
Committee
ee C09 has identified
location of sele
selected
cted changes
changes to thi
thiss spe
specific
cificatio
ation
n sin
since
ce the las
lastt issu
issue,
e,
C94/C94M–12a, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved February 1, 2013)
(1) Section 12.7
Section 12.7 was modified. (2) Added Sections 12.9
Sections 12.9,, 12.9.1
12.9.1,, 14.1.11.
14.1.11.
Committee
Committee C09 has identified
location of sele
selected
cted changes
changes to thi
thiss spe
specific
cificatio
ation
n sin
since
ce the las
lastt issu
issue,
e,
C94/C94M–12, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved December 1, 2012)
(1) Revised 10.3
Revised 10.3 and
and 10.4
10.4 including
including the addition of Table
Table 2 to
2 to (2) Added reference to NIST Handbook
Handbook 105-1 on field standard
desc
describ
ribee th
thee ve
veri
rific
ficati
ation
on pr proc
ocess
ess fo
forr sc
scale
aless fo
forr weweig
ighi
hing
ng weights in Table
in Table 2
2 and Referenced Documents.
materials.
ASTM International
International takes no positi
position
on respecting the validi
validity
ty of any patent rights assert
asserted
ed in connec
connection
tion with any item mentio
mentioned
ned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible
respon sible technical
technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not receiv
received
ed a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address
address or at 610-
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g/
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Designation: C94/C94M − 13a

Standard Speciﬁcation for

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright ASTM International

3.1 Deﬁnitions: The ter

delivered to a purchaser in a fresh state. as Napplicable (Note 2)

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

approval of the purchaser.

6.4.2 At the request of the

prior to the actual delivery the concrete, a statement ,

analyses of the aggregates and the dry masses of cement and

for the con

specify the follo

Copyright ASTM International

Copyright ASTM International

TABLE 2 Minimum Field Standard Weights and Test Loads A

Copyright ASTM International

NOTE 14—The scale accuracy limitations of the National Ready Mixed 11.6

rotation of the drum, blades, or paddles. When the concrete is

12.3 Central-Mixed Concrete— Concrete

truck mixed as described in 12.5

the total volume of the drum or container. When the concrete

the truck mixer or agitator shall not exceed 80 % of the total

conform to the following: The mixing time shall be counted

volume of the drum or container. Truck mixers and agitators

shall be equipped with means to readily verify the number of

11.3 The agitator shall

Copyright ASTM International

Copyright ASTM International

Copyright ASTM International

yd (115 m3). Each test shall be made from a separate batch. On

16. Practices, Test

Copyright ASTM International

ACI Concrete Strength Testing Technician, Concrete Labora- 18.4.2

A1. CONCRETE UNIFORMITY

A1.1 The variation

Air content, volume % of concrete 1.0

Copyright ASTM International

X1.1 Section 18.4 of this speciﬁcation contains the same a sati

TABLE X1.1 Requi

Copyright ASTM International

Less than 3000 f ' ' c + 1000 Less than 21 f ' ' c + 7.0

3000 to 5000 f ' ' c + 1200 21 to 35 f ' ' c + 8.5

greater than 5000 1.10f ' ' c + 700 greater than 35 1.10f ' ' c + 5.0

Copyright ASTM International

Copyright ASTM International

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