•Why do you think you look so much

your mother? or your father?

•Why your eyes is brown?
•Why your hair is black?
•What makes you look like your
parents?
OBJECTIVE

Differentiate DNA and RNA by identifying

the components of each nucleic acids.
 Genetics
"Half of your DNA is determined by your mother's side, and half
is by your father. So, if you seem to look exactly like your mother,
perhaps some DNA that codes for your body and how your
organs run was copied from your father's genes."
 Word Check:

• Genetics is the study of how traits such as hair color, eye color, and
risk for disease are passed (“inherited”) from parents to their
children.
• GENE is a small section of DNA that contains the instructions for a
specific molecule, usually a protein.
• Nucleic Acid are essential for all forms of life, and it is found in all
cells. Nucleic acids come in two natural forms called deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
WHAT IS DNA?
• DNA = Makes up genes for all living things.
• What are genes??
• Blueprints for us!!

• Genes are parts of DNA that code for

particular traits or proteins.
DNA
•Deoxyribonucleic Acid
(DNA)
• Dee-oxy-ribo + nuke-lay-ick +Acid
DNA Structure
• “Double Helix” shape
DNA is made up of Nucleotides

• Nucleotides are the basic units of DNA

• Recognize the similarities between the terms:
• Nucleus
• Deoxyribonucleic acid
• Nucleotide
Structure of a nucleotide
A nucleotide is made of
3 components:
- A Phosphate
- A Nitrogen Base
- A Sugar
• The sugar in DNA is
deoxyribose.
• (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
DNA NITROGEN BASES

• Four bases are:

• Thymine
• Adenine
• Cytosine
• Guanine
Base pairing
• The Bases pair up with
bases on another
strand
• A group of 3 bases is
called a “codon.”
Codons code for amino
acids.
The Rule:
 Adenine (A)
always pairs with
Thymine (T)

 Cytosine (C)
always pairs with
Guanine (G)
James Watson (L) and Francis Crick (R), and the model they built of the structure of
DNA
RNA
What is RNA?
• Ribonucleic Acid
Structure
• Created from DNA replication
• Single-strand
• Uracil base instead of Thymine base
• Ribonucleic acid
• Uses ribose instead of deoxyribose
What is RNA used for?
• Protein Synthesis
Location of DNA and RNA
THE END