Professional Documents
Culture Documents
College of Nursing
A Research Paper
Presented to the
Faculty of the College of Nursing
Arellano University
Pasay City
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
Submitted to:
Prof. August I. Manzon RN, MAN
Carmi Portajada-Ejercito LPT, RM, RN, MAN
Prof. Elenita S. Blasco RN, MAN
Adviser
Arellano University
College of Nursing
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction 1
Background of the Study 3
Research Paradigm 4
Statement of the Problem 5
Significance of the Study 6
Definition of Terms 6
Scope and Limitation 8
Research Design 13
Sampling Procedure 14
Research Instrument and Technique 14
Data Gathering Procedure 15
Statistical Treatment of Data 16
IV. Questionnaire 17
V. References 19
VI. Appendices 21
Arellano University
College of Nursing
CHAPTER I
Introduction
Unfortunately, there are many people who have unfavorable attitudes and ideas
tion can be overt and direct, like when someone disparages your mental illness or
your therapy. It could also be unintentional or covert, like when someone avoids
you because they believe you might be violent, unstable, or otherwise dangerous
According to (Lu, 2016) Many people are reluctant to seek care or dis-
close their disease in public due to these misconceptions and biases. Less than 1
(Mendoza, 2021). But there has been a steady movement toward genuine, long-
lasting change in recent years. The stigma surrounding people who have been di-
agnosed with mental disorders is gradually giving way to acceptance and compre-
hension through the use of social media. This is seen in how more opportunities
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Social media usage comes with some advantages. This awareness and de-
stigmatizing mental health are just a few examples, but extra materials, as well as
a connection platform for people when utilizing the apps, and users' mental health
issues, were discussed with one another (Lattie et al., 2019). Social media can al-
so be a helpful outlet for lowering the obstacles that people from all backgrounds
could encounter while dealing with a mental health diagnosis (Andrews et al.,
2018).
These long overdue changes are now further supported by recent legisla-
tion. The Mental Health Bill (Republic Act No. 11036) was passed by Congress
in 2018 and became law. This demonstrates that in the Philippines, mental health
On a bigger scale, the stigma associated with mental illness in the Philip-
pines is caused by a dearth of public health education. There are still some people
who are not fully informed about the differences between schizophrenia and bipo-
However, societal and cultural stigmas about mental illness will gradually
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When someone does decide to disclose their emotional and mental issues,
gion. Others could jump to hasty conclusions and claim that a person with a men-
tal condition cannot contribute meaningfully to society. And the only choice left is
stigma in the Filipino setting, they were focused on the misconceptions, prejudic-
es, and discriminatory intentions that the general public had toward Primary Men-
tal Health Plan. As far as the researchers are aware, no research has been done on
the factors that contribute to stigma and discrimination against Primary Mental
(PMHP) and people who know them well to conduct a qualitative study on the
Primary Mental Health Plan in the Philippines in order to fill in the gaps in the
literature. This research in the Philippines settings can be aided by revealing the
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Research Paradigm
Leve l of
Awareness
about Mental Raising Awareness
Health Issues
Destigmatizing
Mental Health
The purpose of this study is to explain how Social Media platform, partic-
ularly Facebook Mental Health Groups, raises awareness about mental health is-
sues which impact the level of awareness of the respondents and will bring them
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knowledge of mental health issues through the use of social media. This study al-
(or lack thereof). Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:
Age:
Profession/occupation:
2. To what extent does the social media mental health support group help the
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mental health professionals to the effects of rising social media uses on mental
health issue. The effects of heavy social media use on a client's mental health is-
sue have been called into question given that we live in a technology culture.
Mental health professionals need to be ready to screen clients for potential ad-
verse effects of frequent social media use as society transitions to digital culture.
planning with regard to social media's effects on mental health, the study's find-
Definition of Terms
Is the act of removing shame or disgrace from mental health of the re-
spondents.
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College of Nursing
Social Media
of this study create, share, and/or exchange knowledge and concepts in online
and necessitates the involvement of the family and community of the respondents.
Mental Health
Is the overall health of how our respondents think, regulate your emotions
and act. This mental functioning can be significantly disrupted in some people.
Mental illness
There are many different mental health diseases that can influence your
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The researchers will be conducting this study to assess the influence of so-
cial media particularly Facebook in destigmatizing mental health issue. The as-
health issues that are currently using social media to raise awareness about their
current condition.
Another focus of the study is the level of awareness about mental health
issues on social media among the respondents and the significant relationship be-
tween the use of social media and how mental health has been destigmatized.
The respondents of this research are people from Mental Health Aware-
ness groups on different social media platforms which will be the basis of success
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Arellano University
College of Nursing
CHAPTER II
conducts on social media use and its impact on destigmatizing mental health is-
sue. This chapter will be divided into subsections that discuss the prevalence of
social media use, the fact that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (DSM) does not recognize social media use as a mental health diagno-
sis, the dissemination of mental health information via social media, and current
treatment gaps.
American females have some of the highest rates of suicidal thoughts in America,
some of the lowest rates of seeking mental health care (Gharib, 2018).
Because they are the causes of it, emotional and mental illnesses are stig-
matized in all industrial societies. Look at the industrial process for sorting carrots
for a useful parallel to how post-industrial "societies" treat persons dealing with
emotional or mental illness. Baby carrots are planted in a field; they likely under-
Mental Health Here in the Philippines?) The amount of time and mental health in
the United States are both rising. The amount of time Americans
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spend on social media is also rising. To reiterate, Americans use the internet for
social media interaction 28% of the time on average (Huang, 2018). Several stud-
ies have identified the use of social media as a factor linked to a variety of mental
overall health (Ashford, 2017; Hardy & Castonguay, 2018; Hussain & Griffiths,
2018). This research concludes that due to the genuine nature of the information
and interactions found on social media platforms, social media has a direct impact
low self-esteem, and depression. In the meantime, everyone has access to social
media has introduced new methods of new chances for bullying have also evolved
caused by a lack of knowledge about the signs and characteristics of the ill-nesses,
part of both individuals and the general public (Henderson et al., 2013).
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College of Nursing
Study on people's choices for obtaining training and coping mechanisms for social
media signs of mental illness. The survey's findings showed that 85% of those
polled preferred getting mental health programs 72% look to social media to un-
derstand health and welfare, and 90% do so to find new coping mechanisms for
It is well recognized that stigma against people with mental health issues
Primary Mental Health Plan (PMHP) has a significant negative influence on their
life. There needs to be a deeper investigation into the stigma and discrimination
faced by Primary Mental Health Plan (PMHP) in low and middle-income nations
(Tanaka et al., 2018). Previous studies indicate that the general Filipino popula-
tion has a lot of negative attitudes toward Primary Mental Health Plan. However,
no study has looked into how Primary Mental Health Plan themselves have expe-
In the Philippines, mental health conditions are the third most prevalent
cause of morbidity, according to the National Statistics Office (NSO) (Lally et al.,
2019). It is interesting to observe how the Philippines is now addressing this issue
Using social media to run mental health campaigns is a successful strategy since it
allows one to quickly contact a large number of individuals. With the successful
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Arellano University
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In line with the relevant studies and literature cited, the importance of this
present study is to fill those gaps of understanding and misconception about men-
tal health illness. Using social media as a platform to raise awareness and in des-
tigmatizing mental health issues can help researchers in understanding the chal-
lenges and concerns about promoting mental health awareness in the country.
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Arellano University
College of Nursing
CHAPTER III
Methodology
This chapter presents the research design, sources of data, target partici-
Research Design
logical approach will be used. Such a study would aim to elicit, through web-
based interviews, the meanings each individual attached to their interactions and
the classifications they employed to make sense of their experiences within this
emerge from the interviews. Specifically, this process would entail examining
statements from the interviews and clustering them to form common themes
et.al., 2008).
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Sampling Procedure
judgment of the researcher when it comes to selecting the units (e.g., people, cas-
es/organizations, events, and pieces of data) that are to be studied. Usually, the
sample being investigated is quite small, especially when compared with proba-
bility sampling techniques (Rai, N., & Thapa, B., 2015). In this case, the re-
searchers will look for a top social media support group on Facebook that advo-
cates for mental health awareness. The researchers will ask for the members’ con-
sent to participate in the study. The number of respondents will be based on the
the respondents of the study. An open ended and closed ended questions will be
asked. The researchers will use the given judgement from their knowledge and
awareness on mental health issues, by allowing us to simply enter all of the gath-
ered data that the researchers need into a software application that will be used,
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College of Nursing
views. This is one of the most common and reliable approaches for doing internet-
through email, which when click leads them to a secure Google Meet or Zoom-
platform where they will be interviewed using the questionnaire. Web-based in-
terview are favored by researchers because they are more cost-effective, faster,
and have a greater reach. The main advantage of a web-based questionnaire is its
consists of questions that are compose of starter questions that seek the demo-
graphic profile of the respondents, and the following two parts include questions
regarding the awareness of the respondents about mental health, and are led to
small number of respondents to check if the tools are appropriate and without any
error.
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will be gathered will be coded to come up with the themes of the study. This data
will come from the answers of the participants to the open-ended and closed-
ended questions. Finally, the researchers will synthesize all of the statements re-
garding each participant's experience into one consistent statement that describes
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Dear Respondents:
Good day!
Suppose you participate in this study, we assure you that your responses
will be treated with the utmost confidentiality.
Thank you.
Sincerely yours,
The Researcher
Profession/Occupation:
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1. Why do you think there are still people who cannot understand what a
mental illness really is?
2. Cite some instances where you experienced discrimination from your
friends or family.
3. How do you motivate and empower other people who are experiencing the
same condition as you?
4. What is your advice to those people who are suffering the same
condition as you?
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References
Albert, M., Hodges, B.D., Kuper, A., Reeves, S. (2008). Why use theories in qual-
itative research?. BMJ 2008;337:a949.
Andrews, G., Basu, A., Cuijpers, P., Craske, M., McEvoy, P., English, C., &
Newby, J. (2018). Computer therapy for the anxiety and depression disor-
ders is effective, acceptable and practical health care: An updated meta-
analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 55, 70–78.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.01.001
Hardy, B. W., & Castonguay, J. (2018). The moderating role of age in the rela-
tionship between social media use and mental well-being: An analysis of
the 2016 General Social Survey. Computers in Human Behavior, 85,
282–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.005
Henderson, C., Evans-Lacko, S., & Thornicroft, G. (2013). Mental Illness Stigma,
Help Seeking, and Publhic Health Programs. American Journal of Public
Health, 103(5), 777–780. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2012.301056
How do we destigmatize mental health here in the Philippines? (n.d.). Quora. Re-
trieved October 30, 2022, from https://www.quora.com/How-do-we-
destigmatize-mental-health-here-in-the-Philippines
Huang, C. (2017). Time Spent on Social Network Sites and Psychological Well-
Being: A Meta-Analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Net-
working, 20(6), 346–354. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0758
Hussain, Z., & Griffiths, M. D. (2018). Problematic Social Networking Site Use
and Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review of Recent
Large-Scale Studies. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00686
Lally, J., Tully, J., & Samaniego, R. (2019). Mental health services in the Philip-
pines. BJPsych International, 16(03), 62–64.
https://doi.org/10.1192/bji.2018.34
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Latha, K., Meena, K., Pravitha, M., Dasgupta, M., & Chaturvedi, S. (2020a). Ef-
fective use of social media platforms for promotion of mental health awareness.
Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 9(1), 124.
https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_90_20
Lattie, E. G., Lipson, S. K., & Eisenberg, D. (2019). Technology and College
Student Mental Health: Challenges and Opportunities. Frontiers in Psy-
chiatry, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00246
Lu, S. (2016). Destigmatizing mental illness needs a national push, report says.
American Psychological Association.
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2016/07-08/upfront-destigmatizing
Mayo Clinic. (2017, May 24). Mental health: Overcoming the stigma of mental
illness. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mental-illness/in-
depth/mental-health/art-20046477
Naslund, J., & Reifer, M. (2018). Engagement and recovery: Social me-
dia/technology for outreach and engagement [webinar]. In Recovery to
Practice, SAMSHA Webinar Series. In Recovery to Practice, SAMSHA
Webinar Series.
Rai, N., & Thapa, B. (2015). A study on purposive sampling method in research.
Kathmandu: Kathmandu School of Law, 5.
Stuart, H. (2016). Reducing the stigma of mental illness. Global Mental Health, 3.
https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2016.11
Tanaka, C., Tuliao, M. T. R., Tanaka, E., Yamashita, T., & Matsuo, H. (2018). A
qualitative study on the stigma experienced by people with mental health
problems and epilepsy in the Philippines. BMC Psychiatry, 18(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1902-9
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Appendices
Greetings!
MEDIA,.this coming December 1, 2022 that will be held via Google Meet start-
ing at 9:30 AM to 10:30 AM. Attached to this letter is Chapter I, II, and III of the
Sincerely Yours,
The Researchers
Noted by:
Research Adviser
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Greetings!
MEDIA.
We are humbly requesting you to sit as our panelist for our Research Pro-
posal this coming December 1, 2022 that will be held via Google Meet starting at
Sincerely Yours,
The Researchers
Noted By:
Research Adviser
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Arellano University
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Dear Sir/Ma’am
Good day! We the student of Arellano University – Jose Abad Santos Campus
In line with this study, may we ask your permission or assistance with regards
of validation of our questionnaires to be used in our study knowing you are capa-
We highly anticipate your positive response as we send you this intent for re-
quest.
Sincerely Yours,
The Researchers
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College of Nursing
Dear Madam,
Good day! We the 3rd year student of Arellano University – Jose Abad Santos
itative study entitled “Destigmatizing Mental Health through the help of Social
Attached here are the copy of our statement of the problem and tool for
your reference.
mental health issues through the use of social media. This study also looks at how
the therapy process is affected by such information or awareness (or lack thereof).
a. Age:
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b. Profession:
Affordability: _____
2. To what extent does the social media mental health support group help the
Mental health
Sampling Tool
Dear Respondents:
Good day! In partial fulfillment of our requirements for our subject Nursing
MEDIA.
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Suppose you participate in this study, we assure you that your responses will
Thank you.
Sincerely yours,
The Researchers
PART I.
1. Age:
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College of Nursing
Affordability: _____
1. Did social media help you overcome your mental illness? (YES/NO)
3. How do you cope with the perception of people about mental illness?
1. Why do you think there are still people who cannot understand what a
3. How do you motivate and empower other people who are experiencing the
4. What is your advice to those people who are suffering the same condition
as you?
Sincerely Yours,
The Researchers
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