ANXIETY, TRAUMA AND STRESSOR
RELATED AND OBSESSIVE
COMPULSIVE AND RELATED
DISORDER
Anxiety- negative mood state
- Physical tension
- Apprehension (fear) about the future
Fear- quick emotional reaction to current danger
PANIC ATTACK
- Sudden experience of intense fear or
difficult discomfort
- Heart palpitation, shortness of breath
and dizziness
- Co-occur with certain medical
conditions, cardio, respiratory, and
vestibular (inner ear) disorders.
Unexpected attack (uncued)- don’t know or clue
when or where next panic attack
- Unpredicted
Expected attack (cued)- know you are afraid of
high place or driving over bridges
- Predicted
Fight/flight system- produces immediate alarm
and escape response
GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER
- 6 months Excessive anxiety or worry
- Muscle tension, fatigue (result chronic
excessive muscle tension) some
irritability, and difficulty sleeping
- Common among older adults
Benzodiazepines- some reliefs, at least in short
term
- Damage both cognitive and motor
functioning
- Don’t seem to be alert
AGORAPHOBIA
- PD closely related disorder
- Fear and avoidance of situation which
person feels unsafe or unable to escape
- Fear or anxiety to public transportation,
open spaces, enclosed places, standing
in line or being in crowd, being outside
the home alone.
- Fear marketplace
PANIC DISORDER
- Experience severe, unexpected panic
attacks
- Think dying or losing control
- Anxiety over possibility of having
another attack
- Fear attack might occur if too active
SPECIFIC PHOBIA
- Irrational fear of specific object or
situation
- Interferes with an individual’s ability to
function
FOUR MAJOR OF SPECIFIC PHOBIA
- Blood injection
- Planes, elevators, or enclosed places
- Heights, storms, water
- Animal type
- Situations that lead to choking, vomiting
loud sound
Claustrophobia- phobia of plying
SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER
- Children unrealistic and persistent worry
- Something will happen to their parents
or important people in their life (lost,
kidnapped, killed or hurt)
- Refuse to go to school
SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER
- More exaggerated shyness
Performance anxiety- Do something in front of
many people, possibly embarrass themselves
- Public speaking front of people
Anxiety provoking physical reaction- blushing,
sweating, trembling, urinating in public restroom
Selective mutism- rare childhood disorder
- Lack of speech in one or more setting
which speaking socially expected
- Common at school “selective”
- Lack speech must occur for more than
one month
POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
(PTSD)
- Exposure to a traumatic event
- Experiences or witnesses’ death, or
threatened death, actual or threatened
serious injury or actual threatened
sexual violation
- Reexperience, memories and nightmares
- Flashback
- Avoid anything reminds them of the
trauma
- Unable remember certain aspects of
event
- Overaroused, easily startled and quick
anger
- Reckless or self-destructive behavior
- Dissociative subtype
ADJUSTMENT DISORDER
- Anxious or depressive reaction to life
stress
- Generally milder but nevertheless
impairing
- Interfering with work or school
performance, interpersonal relationships,
or other areas of living
- Unable cope with demands of situation
- Chronic
ATTACHMENT DISORDER
 - Disturbed and developmentally
inappropriate behaviors in children
before 5 years
- Unable or unwilling form normal
attachment relationships with caregiving
adults
- Inadequate or abusive child rearing
practice
- Failure to meet child’s basic emotional
needs for affection, comfort, basic
necessities of daily living
REACTIVE ATTACHMENT DISORDER
- Very seldom seek out caregiver for
protection, support, and nurturance
- Lack of responsiveness, limited positive
affect, fearfulness, and intense sadness
DISINHHIBITED SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT
DISORDER
- Early persistent harsh punishment
- Child shows no inhibitions whatsoever
to approaching adults
- Willingness to immediately unfamiliar
adult figure
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER
- Dangerous event is a thought, image, or
impulse that the client attempts to avoid
- Repeatedly checking stove
- Counting can also be compulsion
Obsession- intrusive nonsensical thoughts,
images and urges that individual tries to resist or
eliminate
Compulsive- thoughts or actions used to
suppress the obsession and provide relief
Symmetry- ordering and arranging or repeating
rituals
Forbidden thoughts or actions- feel about to yell
out a swear word in church
- Lead checking rituals
Tic disorder- involuntary movement (sudden
jerking of limbs)
BODY DYSMORPHYC DISORDER
- Normal looking people think they are so
ugly
- Preoccupation with some imagined
defect in appearance who looks
reasonably normal
- Imagined ugliness
- Physical issues
- Repeatedly looking in mirrors
- Seek health professionals such as plastic
surgeons and dermatologists
- Men- body build, genitals, thinning hair
- Women- varied body areas, eating
disorder
HOARING DISORDER
- Excessive acquisition of things,
difficulty discarding anything, living
with excessive clutter
- Acquiring things during teenage years
- Experience strong anxiety and distress
about throwing anything away
- Everything has either some potentials
use or sentimental value in their minds
- Extension of their own identity
TRICHOTILLOMANIA (HAIR PULLING
DIORDER) AND EXCORIATION (SKIN
PICKING DISORDER)
TRICHOTILLOMANIA- urge to pull out ones
own hair from anywhere on the body (scalp,
eyebrows, arms)
- Noticeable hair loss, distress, and
significant social impairments
- Females reporting the problem more
than males
EXCORIATION- skin picking disorder
- Repetitive and compulsive picking of
skin, leading to tissue damage
- Significant embarrassment, distress, and
impairment in terms of social and work
functioning
- Largely a female disorder
- Impulsive control disorders
- Do not evidence tension relief
SOMATIC SYMPTOMS DISORDER
- Briquets syndrome now somatic
symptoms disorder
- Do not always feel the urgency to take
action but continually feel weak and ill
- Avoid exercising, thinking it will make
them worse
ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER
- Formerly known hypochondriasis
- Severe anxiety focused on possibility of
having or developing a serious disease
- Primarily with idea of being sick instead
of physical symptoms itself
CONVERSION DISORDER (FUNCTIONAL
NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS DISORDER)
- Physical malfunctioning, such as
paralysis, blindness, or difficulty
speaking without any physical organic
pathology
Functional- symptoms without organic cause
Conversion- anxiety resulting from unconscious
conflicts
- Converted into physical symptoms to
find expression
DEPERSONALIZATION-DEREALIZATION
DIORDER
Depersonalization- Temporarily lose the sense
of own reality
 - You were in dream and reality of the
external watching yourself
- Cognitive deficits on measures of
attention, processing of information,
short tern memory and spatial reasoning
- Reduced emotional responding
- Tendency to selectively inhibit
emotional expression
Derealization- sense of the reality of external
world is lost
MANIC EPISODE
- Abnormally exaggerated elation, joy, or
euphoria
- Extreme pleasure in every activity
- Compare their daily experience of mania
with continuous sexual orgasm
- Little sleep, grandiose, plans
- Flight of ideas
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

- Feeling of unreality are so severe and - Absence of manic, or hypomanic

frightening episodes before or during disorder
- Dominate an individual’s life and - Two or more depressive episode
prevent normal functioning occurred and were separated by 2
months during the individual was not
DISSOCIATIVE AMNESIA depressed
- Unable to remember anything, including PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
who they are (DYSTHYMIA)
- Failure to recall specific events, usually
traumatic, that occur during specific - Fewer symptoms as 2
period - Remains relatively unchanged over long
- Forgetting is selective for traumatic periods
events or memories - Depressed mood continues at least 2
- Unexpected trip or trips years, patients cannot be symptoms free
- Find themselves in new place, unable to for more then 2 months
remember why or how they got there - Low self esteem, feeling of
- Sometimes assumes a new identity, hopelessness, poor appetite or
confused about the old identity overeating

DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER PREMENSTRUAL DYSPHORIC DISORDER

- May adopt as many as 100 new
identities
- Average number is closer to 15
- Identities are complete, own behavior,
tone of voice, and physical gestures
- Few characteristics are distinct
- Physical transformation occurs during
switches, posture, facial
expression, patterns of facial wrinkling and even
physical disabilities may emerge
Alters- different identities or personalities in
DID
Host- person who becomes the patient and asks
for treatment
Switch- transition from one personality to
another
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE
- Mostly common diagnosed and most
severe depression
- Extremely depressed mood state lasts 2
weeks
- Feelings of worthlessness and
indecisiveness
- Altered sleeping patterns, significant
changes in appetite and weight or a
notable loss of energy
- General loss od interest in things and
inability to experience any pleasure
from life
(PMDD)
- Severe and sometimes incapacitating
emotional reactions during premenstrual
period
- Very stigmatizing
- Combination of physical symptoms,
severe mood swings and anxiety
DISRUPTIVE MOOD DYSREGULATION
DISORDER
- No evidence of periods if elevated mood
(mania)
- Negative affect that seems to be driving
the irritability and marked inability to
regulate mood
- Mistakenly diagnosed with bipolar
disorder
BIPOLAR DISORDER
- Tendency of manic episodes to alternate
with major depressive episode in an
unending roller coaster ride
- Direct transition from one mood state to
another happens
- Rapid switching or rapid mood
switching
- Rapid cycling specifier
Bipolar II- major depressive episodes alternate
with hypomanic episodes
Bipolar I- individual experiences a full manic
episode

Anhedonia- loss of energy and inability to CYCLOTHYMIC DISORDER

engage in pleasurable activities or have any fun
 - Milder but more chronic version of - Clearest and most comprehensive
bipolar disorder picture of sleep habits
- Chronic alternation of mood elevation
and depression that does not reach the INSOMNIA DISORDER- most common sleep
severity of manic or major depressive wake disorder
disorder - Being wake all the time
- Moody - Is not possible to go to completely
EATING AND SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS without sleep
- Trouble falling sleep at night
Bulimia nervosa- out control eating episode - Can’t go back sleep (difficulty
maintaining sleep)
- Followed by self-induced vomiting, - Not rested the next day (nonrestorative
excessive use of laxatives or other sleep)
attempts to purge (get rid of) food
HYPERSOMNOLENCE DISORDERS
Anorexia nervosa- body weight sometimes drops
dangerously - Sleeping too much
- Similar excessive sleepiness (sleep
Binge eating disorder- binge repeatedly and find apnea)
it distressing, do not attempt to purge the food
NARCOLEPSY
Obesity- not considered an official disorder, one
of the most dangerous epidemics Sleep paralysis- brief period after awakening
when they cant move or speak
BULIMIA NERVOSA
Hypnagogic hallucinations- vivid and often
- Eating larger amount of food typically terrifying experiences that begin at the start of
more junk food sleep
- Out of control
- Self induced vomiting NIGHTMARE DISRODER
- Compensate binge eating
- Bingeing, purging, overconcern with - Making person too anxious to try to
body shapes sleep at night
- Awaken the sleeper, bad dreams
Purging type- vomiting, laxatives or diuretics - Genetics, trauma, medication use
- Abuse, borderline disorder,
Nonpurging type- fasting schizophrenia
ANOREXIA NERVOSA Sleep terrors- commonly afflict children, begin
- Excessive exercise with piercing scream
- Proud of both diets and extraordinary NON RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP
control ARAUSAL DISORDER
- Decrease body weight
- Limit calorie intake - Extremely upset, sweating, rapid
heartbeat
BINGE EATING DISORDER - Appear resemble nightmares
- Marked distress because of excessive - Do not remember sleep terrors
eating but do not engage extreme Sleepwalking- not acting out a dream
compensatory behavior
- Severe obesity - Person leave the bed
- Sense of lack control over eating during - Sitting up in bed and picking at the
episode blanket or gesturing
- Cannot stop eating or control what or - Person wakened but will not remember
how much one is eating
Nocturnal eating syndrome- ride from beds and
SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS: THE MAJOR eat while they are still sleep
DYSSOMNIAS
RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP
Sleep problems- result from some disturbance BEHAVIOR DISORDER
common to a psychological disorder
- Different than the night eating syndrome
Dyssomnias- difficulties in getting enough of
sleep Sexsomnia- masturbation and sexual intercourse
with no memory of event
- Problems with sleeping when you want
to - Relationship problems, legal problems,
- Complaints about the quality of sleep occur without consent or with minors

Parasomnias- abnormal behavioral or SEXUAL DYSFUCNTION, PARAPHILIC

physiological events that occur during sleep DISORDERS, AND GENDER DYSPHORIA

- Nightmare and sleepwalking Sexual dysfunction- difficult to function

adequately while having sex
Paraphilic disorder- new term for sexual
deviation, sexual arousal occurs primarily in
context of inappropriate objects or individuals
Philia- strong attraction or liking
Para- attraction is abnormal
Gender dysphoria- incongruence and
psychological distress and dissatisfaction with
the gender one has been assigned at birth (boy or
girl)
SEXUAL DYSFUCNTION
- Problem arise in context of sexual both
heterosexual and homosexual
relationships
Premature (early) ejaculation- only in males
Genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder- painful
contraction or spasms of vagina
- Only in females
SEXUAL AROUSAL DISORDER
Erectile disorder- not desire
- Sexual urges, fantasies, strong desire
-