206 CBSE Chapterwise-Topicwise Mathematics

Application of
08 Integrals
8.1 Introduction 8.3 Area between Two Curves
8.2 Area under Simple Curves

Topicwise Analysis of Last 10 Years’ CBSE Board Questions

70

60

8.1 8.2 8.3

8 Maximum weightage is of Area between Two Area between Two curves.

curves. 8 No VBQ, VSA and SA type questions were asked till
8 Maximum LA type questions were asked from now

QUICK RECAP
AREA UNDER SIMPLE CURVES Y

8 Area of the region bounded by the curve

y = f(x), x-axis and the lines x = a and
x = b (b > a) is,
b b X
Area = ∫ y dx = ∫ f (x) dx 8 Area of the region bounded by the curve x = g(y),
a a y-axis and the lines y = a and y = b (b > a) is,
Application of Integrals 207

b b Y
Area = ∫ x dy = ∫ g ( y ) dy
a a
Y

If f (x ) g (x ) in [a, c] and f(x) g(x) in [c, b],

X where a < c < b , then

8 Area of the region bounded by the curve c b

y = f(x), some portion of which is above the
8 =
Area ∫[ f (x) − g (x)] dx + ∫[ g (x) − f (x)] dx
x-axis and some below the x-axis is, a c
c b Y
y = f(x) y = g(x)
Area = ∫ f (x ) dx + ∫ f (x ) dx
a c
Y y = g(x) y = f(x)
X
O x=a x=c x=b

X 8 Area of shaded portion as shown in figure,

c b
=
Area ∫ f (x )dx + ∫ g (x )dx
a c
AREA BETWEEN TWO CURVES Y
8 Area of the region between two curves y = f(x),
y = g(x) and the lines x = a, x = b is,
b
Area = ∫ f (x ) − g (x ) dx , f (x ) g (x ) in a, b
X
a
208 CBSE Chapterwise-Topicwise Mathematics

Previous Years’ CBSE

PREVIOUS Board
YEARS MCQS Questions

8.2 Area under Simple Curves 13. Draw the graph of y = |x + 1|and using integration,
find the area below y = |x + 1|, above x - axis
LA (6 marks) and between x = – 4 to x = 2. (Delhi 2012C)
1. Using integration, find the area of the region 14. Using integration, find the area of the region
bounded by the line x – y + 2 = 0, the curve given by {(x, y) : x2 y |x|}
x = y and y – axis. (Foreign 2015) (AI 2012C, 2009C, Delhi 2011C)
15. Sketch the graph of y = | x + 3 | and evaluate the
2. Find the area of the region in the first quadrant
area under the curve y = | x + 3|,above x-axis
enclosed by the y-axis, the line y = x and the
and between x = – 6 to x = 0. (AI 2011)
circle x2 + y2 = 32, using integration.
(Delhi 2015C) 16. Find the area of the region
{(x, y) : x2 + y2 x + y}.
3. Find the area of the region included between the
(AI 2011C, Delhi 2010C)
parabola 4y = 3x2 and the line 3x – 2y + 12 = 0.
(AI 2015C, 2009) 17. Using integration, find the area of the following
4. Find the area of the region in the first quadrant region : (x , y ) : x − 1 y 5 − x2
enclosed by the x-axis, the line y = x and the (Delhi 2010)
circle x2 + y2 = 32. (Delhi 2014)
18. Using integration, find the area of the following
5. Find the area of the smaller region bounded by
x2 y2 x y
x2 y2 x y region : (x , y ) : + 1 +
the ellipse + = 1 and the line + = 1. 9 4 3 2
9 4 3 2
(Delhi 2010)
(Foreign 2014)
6. Using integration, find the area of the region 19. Find the area of the region included between
bounded by the curves : the parabola y2 = x and the line x + y = 2.
y = |x + 1| + 1, x = – 3, x = 3, y = 0 (AI 2009)
(Delhi 2014C) 8.3 Area between Two Curves
7. Using integration, find the area bounded by the
curve x2 = 4y and the line x = 4y – 2. LA (6 marks)
(Delhi 2014C, 2013, 2013C, 2010) 20. Using integration find the area of the region
8. Using intergration, find the area of the region in {(x, y) : x2 + y2 2ax, y2 ax; x, y 0}
the first quadrant enclosed by the x – axis, the (Delhi 2016)
line y = x and the circle x2 + y2 = 18. 21. Prove that the curves y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y divide
(AI 2014C) the area of the square bounded by x = 0, x = 4,
9. Find the area of the region bounded by the y = 4 and y = 0 into three equal parts.
parabola y = x2 and y = |x|. (AI 2013) (AI 2016, 2015, Delhi 2009)
10. Using integration, find the area of the region 22. Using integration, find the area of the region
bounded by the curves y = x2 and y = x. bounded by the curves
(Delhi 2013C) =
y 4 − x 2 , x 2 + y 2 − 4 x = 0 and the x – axis.
11. Using integration, find the area of the region (Foreign 2016)
enclosed by the curves y2 = 4x and y = x. 23. Using integration, find the area of the triangle
(Delhi 2013C) formed by positive x-axis and tangent and
12. Find the area of the region normal to the circle x2 + y2 = 4 at (1, 3 ) .
{(x, y) : x2 + y2 ,x+y } (AI 2012) (Delhi 2015)
Application of Integrals
24. Find the area of the region {(x, y) : y2 x,
x2 + 4y2 }, using integration.
(AI 2015C, 2013, 2008C)
25. Using integration, find the area of the region
bounded by the triangle whose vertices are
(– 1, 2), (1, 5) and (3, 4). (AI 2014)
26. Using the method of integration, find the area
of the region bounded by the lines 2x + y = 4,
3x – 2y = 6 and x – 3y + 5 = 0.
(AI 2014C, Delhi 2009)
27. Using integration, find the area of the triangle
PQR, coordinates of whose vertices are P(2, 0),
Q(4, 5) and R(6, 3). (AI 2014C)
28. Using integration, find the area of the region
enclosed between the two circles x2 + y2 = 4 and
(x – 2)2 + y2 = 4.
(Delhi 2013, 2008, AI 2013C, 2012C, 2010C)
2
29. Find the area of the region {(x, y) : y ax and
x2 + y2 a2} using method of integration.
(AI 2013)
30. Find the area of the region enclosed between
the two circles x2 + y2 = 9 and (x – 3)2 + y2 = 9.
(AI 2013C, Delhi 2009)
31. Using integration, find the area of the region
enclosed between two circles x2 + y2 = 1 and
(x – 1)2 + y2 = 1. (AI 2013C, Delhi 2007)
32. Using the method of integration, find the area
of the region bounded by the lines : 3x – 2y + 1
= 0, 2x + 3y – 21 = 0 and x – 5y + 9 = 0.
(Delhi 2012)
33. Using the method of integration, find the area
of the region bounded by the following lines :
3x – y – 3 = 0, 2x + y – 12 = 0, x – 2y – 1 = 0
(Delhi 2012)
34. Using the method of integration, find the area
of the region bounded by the following lines :
5x – 2y – 10 = 0, x + y – 9 = 0, 2x – 5y – 4 = 0
(Delhi 2012)
35. Using integration, find the area of the triangle
ABC where A is (2, 3), B is (4, 7) and C is (6, 2).
(Delhi 2012C)
209
36. Using integration, find the area of the region
bounded by the two parabolas y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y.
(Delhi 2012C)
37. Using integration, find the area of the circle
x2 + y2 = 16, which is exterior to the parabola
y2 = 6x. (AI 2012C, 2007)
38. Using integration, find the area of the triangular
region whose sides have equations y = 2x + 1,
y = 3x + 1 and x = 4. (Delhi 2011, AI 2011C)
39. Using integration, find the area of the region
bounded by the triangle whose vertices are
(2, 5), (4, 7) and (6, 2).
(Delhi 2011 C, AI 2010 C)
40. Using integration, find the area of the triangle
ABC, coordinates of whose vertices are A(4, 1),
B(6, 6) and C(8, 4). (AI 2010)
41. Find the area of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 = 9 which is
interior to the parabola x2 = 4y. (AI 2010)
42. Using integration, find the area of the region
{(x, y) : x2 + y2 x2 6y}. (Delhi 2010C)
43. Find the area of the region lying between the
parabolas y2 = 4ax and x2 = 4ay, where a > 0.
(AI 2009)
44. Using integration, find the area of the region
bounded by the triangle whose vertices are
(1, 3), (2, 5) and (3, 4). (Delhi 2009 C)
45. Find the area of the region enclosed between the
two curves (x – 6)2 + y2 = 36 and x2 + y2 = 36.
(Delhi 2009C)
46. Using integration, find the area of the region
bounded by the parabola y2 = 4x and the circle
4x2 + 4y2 = 9. (Delhi 2008)
47. Using integration, find the area of the triangular
region whose vertices are (1, 0), (2, 2) and (3, 1).
(AI 2008)
48. Using integration, find the area lying above
x-axis and included between the circle
x2 + y2 = 8x and the parabola y2 = 4x. (AI 2008)
49. Find the area of the region
{(x, y) :y2 6x, x2 + y2 16} (Delhi 2008 C)
210 CBSE Chapterwise-Topicwise Mathematics

Detailed Solutions

1. We have curves x – y + 2 = 0 and x = y . 4 2 0 4 2 1 1

2
= +16 sin −1 1− +16 sin −1 + (42 − 0)
x= y y = x , which is a parabola with vertex at 2 2 2 2
origin.
From the given equations, we get = 16 − 8 + 16 +8=
16 − = 4 sq.units
2 4 2 4
x – x2 + 2 = 0 x– x+1 =
x = 2 or x = –1 3
3. The given parabola is y = x 2 ...(i)
x = 2 [Q x – 1, x is positive] 4
When x = 2, y = 4 and the line is 3x – 2y + 12 = 0 ...(ii)
So, the point of intersection is (2, 4) Solving (i) and (ii), we get
Required area 3 3
3x − 2 x 2 + 12 = 0 3x − x 2 + 12 = 0
2 2 4 2
2
= ∫ (x + 2)dx − ∫ x dx 6x – 3x2 + 24 = 0 x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
0 0 (x – 4) (x + 2) = 0 x = 4, – 2
2
2 Putting values of x in (i), we get
= ∫ (x + 2 − x )dx
3 2 3
0 = y = (4) 12 and y = (−2)2 = 3
2 3
2 4 4
= x + 2x − x Hence the line and parabola intersect at the points
2 3 0 A (–2, 3) and B (4, 12).
8 10
= 2 + 4 − = sq. units
3 3
2. The given equation of the circle is x2 + y2 = 32
and the line is y = x
These intersect at A(4, 4) in the first quadrant. The
required area is shown shaded in the figure. Points
B(0, 4) and C 0, 4 2

4 4
3x + 12 3 2
Required area = ∫ 2
dx − ∫ 4x dx
−2 −2
4 4
1 3x 2 3 x3
= + 12 x −
2 2 −2 4 3 −2
Required area = Area BACB + Area OABO
1 3 64 8
4 2 4 2 = [(24 + 48) − (6 − 24)] − +
4 4 2 4 3 3
= ∫ x1dy + ∫ =
0
x2 dy ∫ 32 − y 2 dy + ∫ y dy
0
1 3
4 4
= [72 + 18] − (24) = 45 − 18 = 27 sq. units
4 2
2 4
2 4
= ∫ 4 2 − y 2 dy + ∫ y dy
0 4. We have curves,
4 y = x ...(i) and x2 + y2 = 32 ...(ii)
4 2 4 Curves (i) and (ii) intersect at (4, 4)
y 32 − y 2 32 y y2
= + sin −1 + The region enclosed by y = x, x2 + y2 = 32 and x-axis
2 2 4 2 4
2 0 in the first quadrant is shown below:
 Application of Integrals 211

We now draw the lines : y = 0, x = 3, x = –3 and

y = x + 2 if x − i y = − x if x < – ii
Lines (i) and (ii) intersect at (– 1, 1)

−1 3
Required area = Area of region OBAO Required Area
= ∫ (− x)dx + ∫ ( x + 2)dx
= Area of OBM + Area of region BMAB −3 −1

4
32 4 32 2 −1 2 3
= ∫0 y dx + ∫ =
y dx ∫ xdx + ∫ 32 − x 2 dx = − x + x + 2x
4 0 4
2 −3 2 −1

4 32 1 1
2 x 32 x = − (1 − 9) + (9 − 1) + 2(3 + 1)
= x + 32 − x 2 + sin −1 2 2
2 0
2 2 32 4 = 4 + 4 + 8 = 16 sq. units.
= 8 + [8 – (8 + 4 )] = 4 sq. units. 7. The given curve is x2 = 4y ...(i)
The given line is x = 4y – 2 ...(ii)
x2 y2 x y
5. We have + = 1 ...(i) and + = 1 ...(ii)
9 4 3 2
x2 y2
Curve (i) is an ellipse of the form + 1.
=
a 2 b2
That means its major axis is along x – axis. Also this
ellipse is symmetrical about the x – axis.

Putting 4y = (x + 2) from (ii) in (i), we get (x + 2) = x2

x2 – x – 2 = 0 (x – 2) (x + 1) = 0 x = 2, –1
Putting x = 2 in (i), we get y = 1
1
Putting x = – 1 in (i), we get y =
4
Thus the points of intersection of the given curve
2
3
2
3 1
and line are A −1, and B (2, 1)
=
Required Area ∫ (3)2 − x 2 dx − ∫ (3 − x )dx 4
3 3
0 0 Required Area
3 3 2 2 2
2 x 9 x 2 3− x 2 x +2 x2 x 1 x2
= 9 − x 2 + sin −1 −
3 2 2 3 0 3 −2 0
= ∫ 4
dx − ∫ 4 ∫
dx = + −
4 2 4
dx
−1 −1 −1
2 9 −1 9 −1 1 2 2 2
= 0 + sin (1) − 0 + sin (0) + 0 − 9 1 x 2
1 1 x 3
3 2 2 3 = + [ x]2−1 −
3 4 2 2 4 3
= − 3 sq. units. −1 −1
2 1 1 1
= [4 − 1] + [2 + 1] − [8 + 1]
6. Here, y = |x + 1| +1 8 2 12
x + 2 if x −1 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 3 9
y= = + − = +1− = = sq. units
− x if x −1 8 2 4 2 4 2 2 4 8
 212 CBSE Chapterwise-Topicwise Mathematics

8. Refer to answer 4. 2
9. The given curves are y = x 2
...(i) Reqd. area = ∫ 4 − x 2 − (2 − x ) dx
x , if x 0 0
y= x = ...(ii) 2
− x , if x 0 2 2
= x 4 − x + 4 sin −1 x − 2 x + x
2 2 2 2 0
–1
= 0 + 2 sin (1) – 4 + 2 – 0 = 2 −=
2 ( − 2) sq.units.
2
x + 1, if x −1
13. Here y = |x + 1| =
− x − 1, if x −1
Thus we get two lines –x + y = 1 ...(i), x + y = –1...(ii)
Their graphs are as shown and the area to be
Their points of intersection are A (1, 1), O(0, 0) and
calculated is shaded.
B (–1, 1).
In view of symmetry, the required area
1 1
2 3
= 2 ∫ (x − x 2 )dx = 2 x − x
0 2 3 0
1 1 1
=2 − = sq.unit.
2 3 3
10. Refer to answer 9.
11. The given curves are y2 = 4x, y = x
They intersect at O(0, 0) and A (4, 4).

Hence, the required area

2 −1
(4, 4) = ∫ (x + 1)dx + ∫ (− x − 1)dx
−1 −4
(4, 0) 2 −1
2 2
= x +x − x +x
4 4 2 −1 2 −4
Required area = ∫ x 3/ 2 x 2
4 x − x dx = 2 − 1 1
3/2 2 = (2 + 2) − − 1 − − 1 − (8 − 4)
0 0 2 2
4 3/2 1 2 32 8 9 9
= 4 − 4= − 8 = sq.units. = + = 9 sq.units.
3 2 3 3 2 2
12. The given curves are 14. Refer to answer 9.
x2 + y2 = 4 ...(i) and x + y = 2 ...(ii)
15. Refer to answer 13.
16. Refer to answer 12.

17. We have curves, y = | x – 1 | and=

y 5 − x2
x −1 x 1
y= | x − 1| =
−(x − 1) x 1
and y2 = 5 – x2 x2 + y2 = 5
Application of Integrals 213

The rough sketch of the circle and the line is 1

y2 y3 1 1 4 8
= 2y − − = 2 − − − −4 − +
2 3 −2 2 3 2 3
21 9
= 8 − = sq. units.
6 2
20. Let R = {(x, y) : x2 + y2 2ax, y2 ax ; x, y 0}
R = R1 R2 R3
where R1 = {(x, y) : x2 + y2 2ax},
Required area R2 = {(x, y) : y2 ax} and R3 = {(x, y) : x 0, y 0}
2 1 2 Region R1 : (x – a)2 + y2 = a2 represents a circle
= ∫ 5 − x 2 dx − ∫ −(x − 1)dx − ∫ (x − 1)dx with centre at (a, 0 ) and radius a.
−1 −1 1 Region R2 : y2 = ax represents a parabola with vertex
2 at (0, 0) and its axis along x-axis.
x 5 x
= 5 − x 2 + sin −1 Region R3 : x 0, y 0 represents the first quadrant.
2 2 5 −1 R = R1 R2 R3 is the shaded portion in the
1 2
x2 x2 figure.
+ −x − −x Since, given curves are x2 + y2 = 2ax and y2 = ax
2 2
−1 1 So, point of intersection of the curves are (0, 0) and
5 2 5 −1 (a, a).
= 1 + sin −1 − −1+ sin −1
2 5 2 5
1 1 1
+ −1 − +1 − (2 − 2) − −1
2 2 2
1 5 2 1
= − + sin −1 + sin −1
2 2 5 5
1 5 1 1
= − + cos −1 + sin −1
2 2 5 5
1 5 5 −2 a
= − + = sq. units a2 − (x − a)2 − ax dx
2 2 2 4 Required=
area ∫
0
18. Refer to answer 5.
1
19. We have, y2 = x and x + y = 2 = (x − a) a2 − (x − a)2 +
2 2 a
Solving these two equations, we get y + y – 2 = 0 a2 −1 x − a 2
(y + 2)(y – 1) = 0 y = – 2, 1 sin − ax 3/2
2 a 3 0
When y = – 2, x = 4 and when y = 1, x = 1
2 a 3/ 2 1
= − a − a2 sin −1 −1
3 2
2a2 a2 2a2 a2
= − − − = − +
3 2 2 3 4
2 2
= − a sq. units
4 3
Points of intersection are A (1, 1) and B (4, –2). y2
Required area 21. We have y2 = 4x x=
4
1 1 1 2
= ∫ (2 − y) dy − ∫ y 2 dy = 2
∫ (2 − y − y )dy 2 y2
Also, =
x 4y = 4y
−2 −2 −2 4
 214 CBSE Chapterwise-Topicwise Mathematics

y4 = 64y y = 0 or y = 4
Thus, the given curves intersect at A 1, 3
When y = 0, x = 0 and when y = 4, x = 4
So, the points of intersection are O(0, 0) and P(4, 4) Required area = Area of the region OABO
Let A1, A2, A3 be the area denoted in the figure. 1 2
= ∫ 4 − x − 2 2 dx + ∫ 4 − x 2 dx
We need to prove A1 = A2 = A3. 0 1
1
1 4 x −2
= x −2 4− x −2 2
+ sin −1
2 2 2 0
2
1 4 x
+ x 4 − x 2 + sin −1
2 2 2 1

3 1
= − + 2 sin −1 − − [0 + 2 sin −1(−1)]
2 2
4 4
x2 1 x3 6 3 1
=A1 ∫= dx = sq. units + 0 + 2 sin −1(1) − + 2 sin −1
4 4 3 0 3 2 2
0
4 3 3
x2 = − −2 +2 +2 − −2
=A2 ∫ 4x −
4
dx 2 6 2 2 2 6
0 4
4 = − 3 sq. units
4 3/ 2 x3
16 3
= x − = sq. units
3 12 0 3 23. Given equation of circle is x2 + y2 = 4
4 Differentiate w.r.t. ‘x’ on both sides, we get
4
y2 1 y3 16 dy
=A3 ∫=
4
dy
4 3 0
=
3
sq. units 2x + 2 y
dx
= 0
0
16 dy x dy −1
Therefore, A=
1 A=
2 A3 = sq. units = − =
3 dx y dx (1, 3 ) 3
2 2
Thus y = 4x and x = 4y divide the area of square
bounded by x = 0, x = 4, y = 4 and y = 0 into three Equation of tangent at (1, 3 ) is
equal parts. −1
y − 3 = (x − 1) x + 3y = 4
22. The given curves are=
y 4 − x 2 and 3
x2 + y2 − 4x = 0 Equation of normal at (1, 3 ) is
y− 3 =3 (x − 1) 3x − y = 0
=y 4 − x2 x2 + y2 = 4 ...(i)
This represents a circle with centre O(0, 0) and So, point of intersection of x + 3 y =
4
radius = 2 units.
and 3x − y =is
0 A(1, 3 )
x2 + y2 – 4x = 0 (x – 2)2 + y2 = 4 ...(ii)
This represents a circle with centre B(2, 0) and
radius = 2 units.
Solving (i) and (ii), we get (x – 2)2 = x2 x = 1
y2 = 3 y = ± 3

Required area = area of OAB

1 4
4−x
= ∫ 3x dx + ∫
3
dx
0 1
Application of Integrals 215

1 4
3x 2 1 x2 2 9 9 1
= + 4x −
= + − sin −1 sq.units.
2 3 2 6 8 4 3
0 1
3 4 1 25. Let A (–1, 2), B (1, 5) and C (3, 4)
= 1+ (4 − 1) − (42 − 12 )
2 3 3 2 5−2 3 7
Eq. of AB is y − 5 = (x − 1) = y x+
3 12 1 6 3 1+1 2 2
= + − 15
= = 2 3 sq. units
2 3 2 3 3 4−5 1 11
Eq. of BC is y − 4 = ( x − 3) y= − x+
3 −1 2 2
24. Let R = {(x, y) : y2 ≤ 4x, 4x2+ 4y2 ≤ 9}
= {(x, y): y2 ≤4x } (x, y) : 4x2 + 4y2 ≤ 9 } = R1 R2. 4−2 1 5
Eq. of AC is y – 2 = (x + 1) =y x+
3 +1 2 2

Let 4x2+ 4y2 = 9 ...(i) Area of the reqd. triangular region, ABC
2
= Area of trap. ALMB + Area of trap. BMNC – Area
x2+ y2 = 3
2 of trap. ALNC
and y2 = 4x ...(ii) 1 3 3
3x 7 − x 11 x 5
R1 is the region lying inside y2 = 4x = ∫ + dx + ∫
2 2 2
+
2
dx − ∫
2
+ dx
2
9 −1 1 −1
R2 is the region lying inside x2 + y2 = 1 3 3
4 2 2 2
= 3x + 7 x + − x + 11x − x + 5x
1 4 2 4 2 4 2
Curves (i) and (ii) intersect at A , 2 and −1 1 −1
1 2 3 7 3 7 −9 33 −1 11
B ,− 2 = + − − + + − +
2 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2
As both the curves are symmteric. about x – axis. 9 15 1 5
Reqd. area = 2 (Area of the shaded region above − + + −
x – axis) = 2 (Area OADO + ADCA) 4 2 4 2
= 7 – 2 + 11 – 2 – 10 = 4 sq. units.
1
2 3/ 2 2 1 26. The given lines are 2x + y = 4 ...(i)
3 2 3/ 2 2
=2 ∫2 xdx + ∫ 2
− x dx = 2 2 x 3x – 2y = 6 ...(ii) and x – 3y + 5 = 0 ...(iii)
0 1 3/2 0 Solving (i) and (ii), we get x = 2, y = 0
2 Solving (ii) and (iii), we get x = 4, y = 3
3/ 2 Solving (i) and (iii), we get x = 1, y = 2
2
3 2
+ x −x Y
2 (3 / 2)2 −1 x x –3y + 5 = 0
+ sin
2 2 3/2 1
A(1, 2)
B (4, 3)
2
6
y=

3/ 2
=2 4 1 9
+ sin −1(1) −
1 9
2 − sin −1
1
–2

2x + y = 4
3 2 8 4 8 3
3x

X
O P C(2, 0) Q
4 1 2 9 9 1 Required area = area ( ABC) = area (ABQP)
=2 − + − sin −1
3 2 2 4 16 8 3 – area ( APC) – area ( BCQ)
 216 CBSE Chapterwise-Topicwise Mathematics

4 2 4
x +5 3x − 6 2 −3 3 + 4
=∫ dx − ∫ (4 − 2 x )dx − ∫ dx = 2 − 3 +2 − =2 sq. units
3 2 3 3
1 1 2
4 4
1 x2 1 3x 2 29. Let R = { (x, y) : y2 ≤ 6 ax and x2 + y2 ≤ 16 a2}
= + 5x − [4 x − x 2 ]12 − − 6x
3 2 1 2 2 2
Let us draw the curves
y2 = 6ax ...(i) and x2+ y2 = 16a2 ...(ii)
1 1
= (8 + 20) − + 5 − [(8 − 4) − (4 − 1)]
3 2
1
− [(24 − 24) − (6 − 12)]
2
1 1 1 7
= 28 − − 5 − [4 − 3] − [0 + 6] = sq. units
3 2 2 2
27. Refer to answer 25.
28. The given circles are
From (i) and (ii),
C1 : x2 + y2 = 4 ...(i) and C2: (x – 2)2 + y2 = 4 ...(ii)
x2 + 6ax = 16 a2 (x + 8a) (x – 2a) = 0 x = 2a
Eliminating y from (i) and (ii), we get
(Note : x ≠ – 8a as curve (i) lies in 1st and 4th
4 – x2 = 4 – (x – 2)2 4x = 4 x = 1
quadrants only).
Putting x = 1 in (i), we get y2 = 3 y= ± 3 Curves intersect at point
Points of intersection of the two circles are
B (2a, 2 3a ) and C (2a, – 2 3a )
A(1, 3 ) and B(1, − 3 ) Now in view of symmetry, the required area
Y 2a 4a
=2 ∫ 6axdx + ∫ 16a2 − x 2 dx
0 2a
2a
=2 6a x 3/ 2
X X 3/2 0
4a
2 2 2
+ x 16a − x + 16a sin −1 x
2 2 4a 2a
Y 2
=2 6a (2 2a3/2 − 0)
Required area = 2(area AOCA) = 2(area AODA 3
+ area ADCA) 2a 12a 1
1 2 + 8a2 sin −1(1) − − 8a2 sin −1
2 2
= 2 ∫ 4 − (x − 2)2 dx + 2 ∫ 4 − x 2 dx
0 1 16 3 2
= a + 16a2 − 4 3a2 − 16a2
1 3 2 6
x −2 4 x −2
=2 4 − (x − 2)2 + sin −1
2 2 2 0
= 4 3 + 16 a2 sq.units.
3 3
2
x 4 − x2 4 x 30. Refer to answer 28.
+2 + sin −1
2 2 2 31. Refer to answer 28.
1
32. The given lines are
3 − 3 2
= 2 − +2 −2 − +2 − − 3x – 2y + 1 = 0 ...(i), 2x + 3y – 21 = 0 ...(ii)
2 6 2 2 2 6 and x – 5y + 9 = 0 ...(iii)
Application of Integrals 217

Solving (i) and (ii), we get x =3, y = 5 The required area of ABC
Solving (ii) and (iii), we get x =6, y = 3 4 6 6
5 x 7
Solving (i) and (iii), we get x =1, y = 2 = ∫ (2x − 1)dx + ∫ − 2 x + 17 dx − ∫ − 4 + 2 dx
2 4 2
6 6
5 2
− −x +7x
4
= x2 − x 2
+ − x 2 + 17 x
4 4 8 2 2
= [16 – 4 – (4 – 2)] +[ – 45 + 102 –(– 20 + 68)]
9 1
− − + 21 − − + 7
2 2
Area of ∆ABC = 10 + 9 – 10 = 9 sq. units.
= area PQCA + area QRBC – area PRBA 36. Refer to answer 21.
3 6 6
3x + 1 21 − 2 x x +9
=∫ dx + ∫ dx − ∫ dx 37. We have y2 = 6x which is a parabola and
2 3 5 x2 + y2 = 16 which is a circle with centre at (0, 0) and
1 3 1
3 6 6 radius 4.
3 x 2 2
= x2 + + 7x − x − x + 9x Solving both, we get x2 + 6x – 16 = 0
4 2 1 3 3 10 5 1 (x + 8)(x – 2) = 0
27 3 3 1 x = 2 (Q x = – 8 is not possible)
= + − + + {42 − 12 − (21 − 3)}
4 2 4 2
18 54 1 9
− + − + A 2, 2 3 
5 5 10 5
33 5 72 19
= − + 12 − −
4 4 5 10
25 13
= 7 + 12 − =sq.units. C 2 2 
2 2
33. Refer to answer 32.
34. Refer to answer 32. The required area
2 2
35. Here A (2, 3), B (4, 7) and C (6, 2)
= 2 ∫ 16 − x 2 dx − ∫ 6 x dx
7−3
Eq. of AB is y − 3 = ( x − 2) y= x– −4 0
4−2 2 2
7−2 = 2 x 16 − x 2 + 16 sin −1 x 2
Eq. of BC is y − 7 = (x − 4)
5
y = − x + 17 − 6 (x )3/2
4−6 2 2 2 4 −4 3 0

2−3 x 7 2
Eq. of AC is y − 3 = (x − 2) y= − + = 2 2 3 +8 − 8 sin −1 (−1) − 2 6 2 2
6−2 4 2 6 3
8 16 32 4 3
= 4 3+ +8 − = 3 −
3 3 3 3
4
= (8 − 3 ) sq. units
3
38. The given lines are y = 2x + 1 ...(i)
y = 3x + 1 ...(ii) and x = 4 ...(iii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get x = 0, y = 1
Solving (ii) and (iii), we get x = 4, y = 13
Solving (iii) and (i), we get x = 4, y = 9
218 CBSE Chapterwise-Topicwise Mathematics

Required area = area ( ABC) 41. The given circle is 4x2 + 4y2 = 9 i.e.
= area (OABD) – area (OACD) 9 3
x 2 + y 2 =which has centre (0, 0) and radius .
4 4 4 2
= ∫ (3x + 1)dx − ∫ (2x + 1)dx The given parabola is x2 = 4y which is symmetrical
0 0 about positive y-axis with vertex (0, 0).
Solving both the equations, we get
9
4 y + y 2 = 4 y 2 + 16 y − 9 = 0
4
9 1
(2 y + 9)(2 y − 1) =
0 y= − ,
2 2
1 9
Thus, y = Qy −
2 2

4
3x 2 4
= +x − x2 + x 0
2 0

3
= (16) + 4 − (0 + 0) − [(16 + 4) − (0 + 0)]
2
= 28 – 20 = 8 sq. units Required area = area (OABC)
39. Refer to answer 35. = 2 [area (ADOA) + area (DABD)]
1/2 3/ 2
40. Here A(4, 1), B(6, 6) and C(8, 4). 9
= 2 2∫ y dy + ∫ − y 2 dy
5 5x 4
Equation of AB is y – 1 = (x – 4) y= –9 0 1/2
2 2
1/2 3/ 2
Equation of BC is y – 6 = – 1(x – 6) y = 12 – x y 3/ 2 y 9 9 y
3 3x =4 +2 − y 2 + sin −1
Equation of AC is y – 1 = (x – 4) y= –2 3/2 0 2 4 8 3/2 1/2
4 4
8 1 9 1 9 1
= + 2 0 + sin −1(1) − 2 + sin −1
3 2 2 8 4 8 3
2 2 2 9 9 1
= − + − sin −1
3 2 4 2 4 3
2 9 9 1
= + − sin −1
6 8 4 3
Required area 42. Refer to answer 41.
6 8 8
5x 3x 43. The equations of the curves are
= ∫ 2
− 9 dx + ∫ (12 − x )dx − ∫
4
− 2 dx
4 6 4 y2 = 4ax ...(i) and x2 = 4ay ...(ii)
6 8 8 x2
5 x2 x2 3 x2 Putting y = from (ii) in (i), we have
= − 9x + 12 x − − − 2x 2
4a
2 2 2 4 2
4 6 4 x2
= 4ax x4 = 64a3x
= [(45 – 54) – (20 – 36)] + [(96 – 32) – (72 – 18)] 4a
– [(24 – 16) – (6 – 8)] x(x3 – 64a3) = 0 x = 0 or x = 4a
= – 9 + 16 + 64 – 54 – 8 – 2 = 7 sq. units. x = 0 y = 0 and x = 4a y = 4a
Application of Integrals 219

So, the given curves intersect at (0, 0) and (4a, 4a). 3 3

2 x2 1 x2
= x2 + x 1 + 7x − − + 5x
2 2 2 2 1
9 1 9 1
= (6 − 2) + 21 − − 14 − 2 − + 15 − + 5
2 2 2 2
33 1 3
= 4 + − 12 − [14] = sq. units
2 2 2
45. Refer to answer 28.
46. Refer to answer 24.
So, required area 47. Refer to answer 44.
4a
4a 2 3 3
x 4 a x 48. We have x2 + y2 = 8x and y2 = 4x
= ∫ 2 ax −=
4a
dx
3
x2 −
12a Now, x2 + y2 = 8x (x – 4)2 + y2 = (4)2
0 0 The centre of circle is (4, 0) and radius is 4.
3 The point of intersection of circle and parabola are
4 a (4a)3 16a2
= ( 4a ) 2 − = sq. units 0(0, 0) and A(4, 4) above x-axis.
3 12a 3
44. Let the points be A(1, 3), B(2, 5) and C(3, 4)
Equation of AB is y – 3 = 2 (x – 1) y = 2x + 1
Equation of BC is y – 5 = – 1(x – 2) y = 7 – x
1 1
Equation of AC is y – 3 = (x – 1) y = (x + 5)
2 2

4 8
=
The required area ∫2 xdx + ∫ 16 − ( x − 4) 2 dx
0 4
3 4
2 ( x − 4)
= 2 x2 + 16 − ( x − 4) 2
3 2
0
8
x−4
+ 8 sin −1
4 4
Required area
2 3 3 4 8 32 4
x +5 = 8+ = + 4 = (8 + 3 ) sq. units
= ∫ (2x + 1)dx + ∫ (7 − x)dx − ∫ 2
dx 3 2 3 3
1 2 1 49. Refer to answer 37.