PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

PRACTICAL

11
SECOND QUARTER

Module 8

LISTS REFERENCES
By

DR.AMELINDA D. MARMOL
Bagong Silang High School

Most Essential Learning Competency

The learner demonstrates understanding of varied techniques in listing references CS_RS11-

IVg-j-3

To the Learner
This module was specially designed to help you understand and apply the
lesson objectives. Read and follow the simple instructions as your guide.
1. Set a conducive learning space at home so you can focus on your studies.
2. Seek assistance from your parents or guardian to guide you in doing the
activities.
3. Take down important concepts and list questions you would like to ask from
your teacher.
4. Reflect and apply the concepts that you have learned.
The Writer
 Expectations

The learners should be able to apply the different techniques in listing various
references or resources.
After drawing a concrete conclusion and formulating substantial and relevant
recommendations, listing of references should be applied At the end of the module,
you are expected to:
1. Thoroughly understand the different rules and techniques in listing
references.
2. Analyze method of referencing using APA format
3. Apply these techniques in writing references.

Pre-Test

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer in
your answer sheet.

1. Reference Sample: Book with two authors. Below is a reference page listing for a
book with two authors. How should the title of the book be formatted?
Giorgis, C., & Glazer, J. I. (2009). Literature for young children: Supporting emergent literacy, ages 0 - 8 (6th
ed). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
A. The book title should be bolded.
B. The book title should be in italics.
C. The book title should be in quotations
D. The book title should be listed without special formatting
2. Indicate which is the correct APA reference for the following source:

Title: Role of Personality in Determining Value Judgments

Volume No.: 75
Authors: Maxine Renee Shaw, Jonathan L. Speaks, Kathleen M. Neal
Date Published: 1999
Publication: Journal of Applied Psychology
Page Numbers: 558-57

A. Role of Personality in Determining Value Judgments in Journal of Applied

Psychology. Maxine Renee Shaw, Jonathan L. Speaks, Kathleen M. Neal (1999),
75, p. 558-577.
B. Role of Personality in Determining Value Judgments, in Journal of Applied
Science, 75, by M.R. Shaw, J.L. Speaks, & K.M. Neal (1999), 558-577.
C. M.R. Shaw, J.L. Speaks, & K.M. Neal (1999). Role of Personality in Determining
Value Judgments, Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, p. 558-577
D. Shaw, M.R., Speaks J.L., & Neal, K.M. (1999). Role of personality in determining
value judgments. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, 558-577
3. Which of the following is cited correctly in APA style?
A. H. M. Dietel and P. J. Dietel (C How to Program) define pointers as "variables that
contain as their values addresses of other variables" (p. 294).
B. H. M. Dietel and P. J. Dietel (1999) define pointers as "variables that contain as
their values addresses of other variables" (p. 294).

1
 C. H. M. Dietel and P. J. Dietel define pointers as "variables that contain as their
values addresses of other variables" (1999, p. 294).
D. H. M. Dietel & P. J. Dietel define pointers as "variables that contain as their
values addresses of other variables" (1999)
4. Which of the following is NOT included when formatting a citation in APA style?
A. Capitalization B. italics C. Paragraph D. Punctuation
5. Which of the following specifies the location of digital information on the internet
and can be found in the address bar of your internet browser?
A. Digital Object Identifier C. Uniform Resource Locators
B. Digitized Alpha Numbers D. Uniform Address Specifications

Looking Back

Objective: Recall the concepts of drawing conclusion and formulating

recommendation
Direction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it’s not. Write the
answers in your paper.
1. A researcher is advised to use complex and vague language in his/her explanations
for better presentation of ideas.
2. The conclusions section of research study sums up the key points of the discussion
or the significant outcomes of investigation.
3. Findings of the study is the same or parallel as to the conclusion.
4. In quantitative or qualitative research, a recommendation is necessary because it
gives beneficial outcome and proactive guide in solving certain issue/s.
5. Given the findings, a researcher can only use the positive results as a source of
recommendation.

Introduction

A REFERENCE LIST is a list of the publication information for the sources

you’ve cited in your paper and is intended to give your readers all the information they
need to find those sources. It lists only the sources you refer to in your writing.

The purpose of the reference list is to allow your sources to be found by your
reader. It also gives credit to authors you have consulted for their ideas. All
references cited in the text must appear in the reference list, except for personal
communications (such as conversations or emails) which cannot be retrieved

In other publication styles, this list may be called a bibliography or a works

cited page, but APA uses the term reference list. Here are a few things to keep in mind
about reference lists.

1. Only list sources you cite in your text. Do not include sources you read but
did not cite.

2. Organize your references alphabetically by the author's last name.

3. Include a reference list in every paper in which you cite outside material.

2
 REFERENCE FORMATING GUIDE (APA 6th Referencing Style Guide)
source:https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA6th/referencelist

1. Title Include the title 'References' (one word, beginning with a

capital letter, centred, and not in italics
2. Indent Hanging indent your references (space bar in 5 - 7 spaces for
the second and subsequent lines of each reference)
3. Space between In general double-space between references
reference
4. Ampersand Use for 2 - 6 authors, use "&" before the final author
5. One author, two Order by year of publication, the earlier one first. Same year of
publications publication for both - add 'a' and 'b' after the year, inside the
brackets. Include this in the in text citation. example: Baheti,
J. R. (2001a) and (2001b)
6. URLs Remove the underlines from URLs so that any underscores ( _ )
can be seen
7. Upper case letters Journal title - use headline style; i.e. capitalise all the words,
(capital letters except articles and prepositions
8. Book title or article use sentence style; i.e. capitalise the first word of the title, and
title (in a journal, subtitle (after the colon), and any proper names
magazine or
newspaper)
Page range Use an en dash, NOT a hyphen, for page ranges: e.g. 21–27. No
gaps between the page numbers and the en dash.

APA Formatting & Style Guide 7th edition

Source:https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/referenc
e_list_basic_rules.html

1. Single Author
Last name first, followed by author initials.
 Brown, E. (2013). Comedy and the feminine middlebrow novel. Pickering &
Chatto.
2. Two Authors
List by their last names and initials. Separate author names with a comma. Use the
ampersand instead of "and."
 Soto, C. J., & John, O. P. (2017). The next big five inventory (BFI-2): Developing
and assessing a hierarchical model with 15 facets to enhance bandwidth,
fidelity, and predictive power. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 113(1), 117-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000096
3. Three to Twenty Authors
List by last names and initials; commas separate author names, while the last author
name is preceded again by ampersand.
 Nguyen, T., Carnevale, J. J., Scholer, A. A., Miele, D. B., & Fujita, K. (2019).
Metamotivational knowledge of the role of high-level and low-level construal in
goal-relevant task performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
117(5), 879-899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000166
More Than Twenty Authors
List by last names and initials; commas separate author names. After the first 19
authors’ names, use an ellipsis in place of the remaining author names. Then, end
with the final author's name (do not place an ampersand before it). There should be no
more than twenty names in the citation in total.
 Pegion, K., Kirtman, B. P., Becker, E., Collins, D. C., LaJoie, E., Burgman, R., Bell, R., DelSole,
R., Min, D., Zhu, Y., Li, W., Sinsky, E., Guan, H., Gottschalck, J., Metzger, E. J., Barton, N. P.,
Achuthavarier, D., Marshak, J., Koster, R., . . . Kim, H. (2019). The subseasonal experiment
(SubX): A multimodel subseasonal prediction experiment. Bulletin of the American Meteorological
Society, 100(10), 2043-2061. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0270.1

3
 5. Four to seven authors
List all authors in the reference entry

 Szcz Ę , Sna, A., Nowak, A., Grabiec, P., Paszkuta, M., Tajstra, M., & Wojciechowska, M.
(2017). Survey of wearable multi-modal vital parameters measurement systems.
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 526. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-
319-47154-9_37
6. More than seven authors

Kasabov, N., Scott, N. M., Tu, E., Marks, S., Sengupta, N., Capecci, E., . . . Yang, J. (2016).
Evolving spatio-temporal data machines based on the NeuCube neuromorphic framework:
Design methodology and selected applications. Neural Networks, 78, 1-14.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2015.09.011
 First 6 authors ... last author. and follow by date and other information

Article from an Online Periodical with DOI Assigned

Lastname, F. M., & Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Vol.(Issue), page
numbers. DOI
 Drollinger, T., Comer, L. B., & Warrington, P. T. (2006). Development and validation of
the active empathetic listening scale. Psychology & Marketing, 23(2), 161-
180. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20105

Article from an Online Periodical with no DOI Assigned

If an online scholarly journal article has no DOI and is published on a website, include the URL

 Perreault, L. (2019). Obesity in adults: Role of physical activity and exercise. UpToDate.
Retrieved January 12, 2020, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/obesity-in-
adults-role-of-physical-activity-and-exercise

Webpage or Piece of Online Content

If the page names an individual author, cite their name first:
Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of page. Site name. URL
 Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not exist.
Medium. https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-not-exist-3af27e312d01

Secondary citations
A secondary citation is where you are citing the information or quotes the author of your
reference has taken from source that you have not read.

In-text citation:
Seidenberg and McClelland’s study, conducted in 1990 (as cited in Coltheart, Curtis,
Atkins, & Haller, 1993), shows that ...... as some studies show (Seidenberg & McClelland, as
cited in Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, & Haller, 1993).
 Name the author of the original work in your text, cite the secondary source in in-text
citation: (as cited in ..., 1993)
Reference list entry:
 Coltheart, M., Curtis, B. Atkins, P., & Haller, M. (1993). Models of reading aloud: Dual-
route and parallel-distributed-processing approaches. Psychological Review, 100, 589–
608.
 Give the secondary source in the reference list.

A DOI commonly identifies a journal article but it can also be found

on other publication types including books.
DOI All DOIs start with 10.and includes numbers and letters. Example:
doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.08.001
digital
The DOI provides a permanent internet address for the item making
object
it easy to locate.
identifier
Always use the DOI if available (for print or online articles and
books).

A new citing format for DOI was introduced by APA in March 2017.
The new format includes https and the prefix doi.org:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2016.11.001

You may search by DOI numbers in Library Search to locate

4
 Specifies the location of digital information on the internet and can be
found in the address bar of your internet browser. URLs in references
should link directly to the cited work when possible.
URLs
1. If there is no DOI for an online journal article or an e-book, include
a URL in your reference.
Uniform
Resource 2. Use the URL of a journal home page for journal articles without
DOI
Locators
3. Use the database home page URL in your reference. Use a URL of a
library database:

4. If you use electronic resources without DOI, such as an ebook or a

data set or a journal without a website, from a library database, You
are required to include the URL of the database homepage in your
reference

 An e-book "Small town sustainability: economic, social,and

environmental innovation".
The correct URL in the reference for this book should be
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com

Sources:
https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/dois-
urls#:~:text=The%20DOI%20or%20URL%20is,its%20location%20on%20the%20internet.
https://libguides.dickinson.edu/citing/apasamples

Activity 1

Objective: Arrange the list of references according to standard formatting.

Direction: Arrange the following in alphabetical order and standard format in
research.. Write your answers in your paper.
1. ULEAC (1991). Certificate of attainment in English: General information. Universit
of London Examinations and Assessment Council.
2. Wong, R., Glendinning, E. & Mantell, H. (1994). Becoming a writer. Longman.
3. University of Hertfordshire (1 September, 1996). University policies and regulations:
Applications and admissions, number 14.1: Appendix II. University of Hertfordshire.
4. University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (1995). English as a Foreign
Language examination, certificates and diplomas: Regulations 1995. UCLES.
5. Walker, T. (1992). English for academic purposes - computer science. Prentice Hall.
6. Yates, C. St. J. (1992). English for academic purposes - Agriculture. Prentice Hall.
7. Zimmerman, F. (1989). English for science. Prentice Hall.
8.Carol, B. J. & West, R. (1989). ESU framework: Performance scales for English
language examinations. Longman.
9.Chafe, W. (1982). Integration and involvement in speaking, writing, and oral
literature. In D. Tannen (Ed.), Spoken and written language: Exploring orality and
literacy (pp. 35-53). Ablex Publishing Corporation.
10. Educational Testing Service (1992). TOEFL test and score manual. Educational
Testing Service.

5
 Activity 2

Objective: Identify the error/s in the given references.

Direction: There is one mistake in every entry in the listed references. Identify and
write the correct format your notebook.

1. Belcher, D. D. (1989) How professors initiate non-native speakers into their

disciplinary discourse communities. Texas Papers in Foreign Language Education,
1, 207-225.
2. Brett, P. 1994. A genre analysis of the results sections of sociology articles.English
for Specific Purposes, 13, 47-59.
3. Bridgeman, B., & Carlson, S. B. Survey of academic writing tasks. Written
Communication, 1, 247-280.
4. Campbell, A. F. (1983). Organise your English. Hodder and Stoughton.
5 Dagdag, L. and Corbetta ,O. (2015) Social Research Theory. Valenzuela City:
Phoenix Prints, Inc. pages 32- 39 VOLUME 5

Activity 3

Objective : Apply the techniques in listing references.

Direction : Put the parts in order to form a correct bibliography entry. Write your
answers in your notebook.

1. Author(s): Melanie Q. Jimeno Year: 2015

Title: A Study of Undergraduate Students Page number: article pgs. 170-191
Journal: Collegiate Learning Review

2. Author(s): Jan Madrid and Carol Nacional Publisher: Mutya Publishing, Inc.
Title: Research in Daily Life City of Publication: 11th Avenue, Caloocan City
Year: 2018 Page number: quote pg. 113-114

3. Author(s): John P. Adan Date of Publication: September 21, 2017

Title of Journal: Psychological Association of Philippine Educators
Date of Access: April 3, 2019
Article title: Nature of Experimental Research
URL: http://www.philoeducators.org/psychology/statistics/filipinoteachers/-coverage/233

4. Authors: Calvo, M. G., & Lang, P. J. Date of Publication : 2019

Title : Gaze patterns when looking at emotional pictures: Motivationally biased
attention. Motivation and Emotion, Volume Nos. and pages: 28: 221-243
Journal home page : https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MOEM.0000040153.26156.ed

6
 5. Author ; Paz, Irene G. Date of Publication : Sept 4, 2016
Article title : APA Style Date of access : Aug 24, 2020
URL /DOI : https: //owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resources/560/05/

Remember

 REFERENCE LIST is a list of the publication information for the sources you’ve
cited in your paper and is intended to give your readers all the information they
need to find those sources. In other publication styles, this list may be called a
bibliography or a works cited page, but APA uses the term reference list.

 Reference list entries include the four elements of the author, date, title, and
source, the author element, including the format of individual author names
and of group author names. The date element, including the format of the date
and how to include retrieval dates.
 APA is the style of documentation of sources used by the American
Psychological Association. This form of writing research papers is used
mainly in the social sciences.
 The APA referencing style is an "author-date" style, so the citation in the text
consists of the author(s) and the year of publication given wholly or partly in
round brackets.

Check your understanding

Objective: Recall the concepts and ideas in listing references
Direction: Identify the term/s described in the following.. Write your answer/s in your
notebook.
1. It specifies the location of digital information on the internet and can be found in
the address bar of your internet browser.
2. A list of the publication information for the sources you’ve cited in your paper and is
intended to give your readers all the information they need to find those sources.
3. It is a style of documentation of sources used by the American Psychological
Association.
4. It identifies a journal article but it can also be found on other publication types
including books.

5. This symbol /sign can be used for 2 - 6 authors, use "&" before the final author

Reflection

I have learned that ___________________________________________________________

I will apply _________________________________________________________________

7
 Post-Test

Direction: Read and analyze the given questions. Write the letter of the correct answer
in your paper.
1. What is the correct reference format for a book?
A. Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦
𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺 (6th ed.).
B. Weinberg, RS and Gould, D 2011, 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺,
Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL.
C. R. S. Weinberg & D. Gould, (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺
(6th ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
D. Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2011). 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘪𝘴𝘦
𝘱𝘴𝘺𝘤𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺 (6th ed.). Human Kinetics.
2. What is the correct author and year format for a journal article in a reference list?
A. Bale, J. B. (2011).
B. Bale, JB, (2011).
C. Bale, J. B. 2011.
D. Jose Bale , 2011.
3. What is the correct reference format for a web document?
A.What is holistic medicine? 2012. Retrieved from
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
B.Gomez, M. (2012). What is holistic medicine?
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
C.Martin Gomez. (2012). What is holistic medicine?
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
D.Gold, M 2012, What is holistic medicine?, accessed 30 July 2014,
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html.

4. What is the correct in-text reference format for a direct quote?

A.Velez and Gan (2010) emphasise the importance of ‘using your own words
and your own style’ when paraphrasing.
B.Velez & Gan (2010, p158) emphasise the importance of ‘using your own words
and your own style’ when paraphrasing.
C.Velez and Gan (2010) emphasise the importance of “using your own words and
your own style" (p. 158) when paraphrasing.
D. Velez and Gan, page 158, emphasise the importance of ‘using your own words
and your own style’ when paraphrasing.
5. Which of the following is considered APA referencing style?
A. Citation-date C. Author-place of publication
B. Author-date D. Title-date

8
 References

APA Style 7th edition. Purdue University . Purdue Online Writing Lab. Retrieved from
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide
/general_format.html
http://www.uefap.com/writing/exercise/exwriref.htm
https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/dois-
urls#:~:text=The%20DOI%20or%20URL%20is,its%20location%20on%20the%20internet.
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA6th/referencelist
https://libguides.dickinson.edu/citing/apasamples

https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+apa+format&oq=WHAT+IS+apa+&aqs=chrome.1.6
9i57j0l7.7108j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA6th/referencelist

Answer Key
Pre Test
1. B
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. C
Looking Back
1. False
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. False
Activity 1 Alphabetical Order
1.Carol, B. J. & West, R. (1989). ESU framework: Performance scales for English language examinations. Longman.
2.Chafe, W. (1982). Integration and involvement in speaking, writing, and oral literature. In D. Tannen (Ed.), Spoken and written language:
Exploring orality and literacy (pp. 35-53). Ablex Publishing Corporation.
3. Educational Testing Service (1992). TOEFL test and score manual. Educational Testing Service.
4. ULEAC (1991). Certificate of attainment in English: General information. University of London Examinations and Assessment Council.
5. University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (1995). English as a Foreign Language examination, certificates and diplomas:
Regulations 1995. UCLES.
6.University of Hertfordshire (1 September, 1996). University policies and regulations: Applications and admissions, number 14.1: Appendix II.
University of Hertfordshire.
7. Walker, T. (1992). English for academic purposes - computer science. Prentice Hall.
8. Wong, R., Glendinning, E. & Mantell, H. (1994). Becoming a writer. Longman.
9.Yates, C. St. J. (1992). English for academic purposes - Agriculture. Prentice Hall.
10.Zimmerman, F. (1989). English for science. Prentice Hall.
Activity 2

1. Belcher, D. D. (1989). How professors initiate non-native speakers into their disciplinary discourse communities. Texas Papers in Foreign
Language Education, 1, 207-225. Period after date and italics in title of Journal /Periodical
2. Brett, P. 1994. A genre analysis of the results sections of sociology articles.English for Specific Purposes, 13, 47-59. With ( )
3. Bridgeman, B., & Carlson, S. B. ( ).Survey of academic writing tasks. Written Communication, 1, 247-280.
4. Campbell, A. F. (1983). Organise your English. Hodder and Stoughton. No URL/DOI source/ title of book or publication
5 Dagdag, L. and Corbetta ,O. (2015) Social Research Theory. Valenzuela City: Phoenix Prints, Inc. pages 32- 39 VOLUME 5
It should be ampersand (&) and volume number should be in italics
Activity 3
1. Jimeno, M. (2015). A Study of Undergraduate Students. Collegiate Learning Review, 170-191

2. Madrid, J. & Nacional, C. (2018). Research in Daily Life . 11th Avenue, Caloocan City: Mutya Publishing Inc.., 113-114

3. Adan, J.P. (2017). Nature of Experimental Research. Psychological Association of Philippine Educators, accessed April 3, 2019 from
http://www.philoeducators.org/psychology/statistics/filipinoteachers/-coverage/233

4. Calvo, M. G., & Lang, P. J. (2019). Gaze patterns when looking at emotional pictures: Motivationally biased attention. Motivation and
Emotion, 28, 221-243, Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MOEM.0000040153.26156.ed
5. Paz, I.G (2016). APA Style.accessed Aug 24, 2020 from https: //owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resources/560/05/

Check your understanding POST TEST

1. URL 1. D
2. REFERENCE LIST 2. A
3. APA 3. D
4. DOI 4. C
5. Ampersand (&) 5. B

99
10