Experiment # 1

Objective:
Calibrating the “Borden tube pressure gauge” using standard dead weight.

Apparatus:

 Borden tube pressure gauge.

 Plunger.
 Weight.
 Water.

Theory:
A mechanical pressure measuring instruments that is used to measure the pressure without
the need of electrical energy.

It can be used to measure the pressure upto 7000 from 0.6 bars.

 Working:
Borden tube pressure gauge is a measuring device in which a circular tube is exposed to
pressure.

If the circular tube tends to straight itself, then it means pressure is increasing and releasing
the pressure the tube returns to its original shape.

 Units of pressure:
The SI unit for pressure is pascals (Pa). Other units of pressure include torr, bar, atm, psi.
  Types of Pressure:
There are four types of pressure;

Absolute pressure:
The pressure at a point is known as absolute pressure. If it is above the dotum line or above
the atmospheric pressure it is gauge pressure and if the pressure is below the atmospheric
pressure it is said to be vaccum pressure.

Atmospheric pressure:
It can also be referred as barometric pressure.

The pressure within the atmosphere of the earth or our surrounding is known as atmospheric
pressure.

Gauge pressure:
The gauge pressure is the pressure above the atmospheric pressure or dotum line.

Vaccum pressure:
The vaccum pressure is the pressure referred below the atmospheric pressure or dotum line.

 Utilization:
It is used measuring high pressures in steam boilers, compressors and etc.

It is also used to measure the pressure in vehicle tire tube.

Procedure:

Calculate the mass of piston and check the cross-sections of both the piston and cylinder.

Remove the piston from the vertical cylinder.

Pour the water until it reaches the overflow level.

Place the piston back onto the cylinder until it settles properly.

Gradually apply the loads in 3 increments until it reaches the total of 4kg.

The pressure gauge reading is taken at every increment.

Reverse the process by unloading all the weights taking measurements at every decrement.

Observation:
Increasing Pressure Decreasing pressure
Sr. Mass Total Actual Gauge Gauge Gauge Gauge
No added to mass of Pressure Pressure Error Pressure Error
piston piston

(Kg) M (Kg) (KN/m2) (KN/m2) (KN/m2) (KN/m2) (KN/m2)

Calculations:
Conclusion: