Submitted by Bilal Pervaiz

Submitted to Ma’am Iqra Sherazi

Roll no 191520153

Course PSY 401-B

Submission date: 9 August, 2021

 Assignment No 3

Title
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF
PERSONAL RESOURCE INVENTORY

Author
Aisha Bano & Alay Ahmad

Summary:
The main aim of the study was to develop factors, structure and to establish the psychometric
properties of indigenized Personal Resource Inventory. In this the sample size was 451
employees which are working in private, government or semi government organizations with
mean age of 28.19. The objectives of the study was explained in 3 phases, in which first we have
179 items then after further analysis which are reduced to 45 items with the help of focus group
which after further analysis reduced to 36 items and then these items place in the form of
questionnaire along with Likert type scale.

The mainly psychometric properties explained in this were reliability and validity of Hope,
optimism, self-efficacy an resilience. Mainly used reliability method was internal consistency,
test-retest and split half reliability. In reliability analysis, the alpha coefficients of reliability are
.89. Similarly the internal consistency of optimism (.77) Hope (.67) self-efficacy (.67) and
resilience (.77). Test-retest of reliability is (.89) show significant correlation between the scores
hence it demonstrates the stability of scores and provide considerable test-retest reliability of
personal resource inventory. Split half reliability score (.80) indicates the similarity of personal
resource inventory with a given time period. So these three reliability method demonstrate that
personal resource inventory is a reliable measure.

In validity analysis, there is correlation of PRI with WEMWBS (which shows positive
(correlation) and DASS (which shows negative correlation). So construct validity of personal
resource inventory, optimism, hope, resilience and self- efficacy compared with WEMWBS are
(.57), (.40), (.35), (.66), (.43) respectively. Similarly construct validity of personal resource
inventory, optimism, hope, resilience and self- efficacy compared with DASS are (-.55), (-.54), (-
.40), (-.37), (-.46). Hence this concluded that Personal Resource Inventory has good construct
validity.

Objectives
1. To develop an indigenized Personal Resource Inventory (PRI)
2. To investigate the factor structure of the indigenized Personal Resource Inventory (PRI) for
Pakistani culture.

3. To establish the psychometric properties of the newly developed inventory.

Psychometric details
Reliability:

Reliability refers to how consistently a method measures something. If the same result can be
consistently achieved by using the same methods under the same circumstances, the
measurement is considered reliable.

Types of reliability used:

There are basically three types of reliability used in the study

 Internal consistency
 Test-retest reliability
 Split half reliability

1. Internal consistency:

The consistency of the measurement itself. Mean to get the same result from different parts of
the test that are designed to measure the same thing.

2. Test-retest reliability:

The consistency of a measure across time means to get the same result when we repeat the
measurement.

3. Split half reliability:

It measures the extent to which all parts of the test contribute equally to what is being measured
and this is done by comparing the results of one half of a test with the results from the other half.

Reliability of the study

 By using test retest, split half and internal consistency, the alpha coefficient of personal
resource inventory (PRI) is (a =.89) which is above .7 so it shows higher level of
reliability.

 By using test retest, split half and internal consistency, the alpha coefficient Optimism is
(a =..77) Which is above .7 so it shows higher level of reliability.
  By using test retest, split half and internal consistency, the alpha coefficient of Hope is
(a =.67) which is nearly close .7 so it also show the level of reliability.
 By using test retest, split half and internal consistency, the alpha coefficient of self-
efficacy is (a =.67) which is nearly close .7 so it also show the level of reliability.

 By using test retest, split half and internal consistency, the alpha coefficient Optimism is
(a =..77) Which is above .7 so it shows higher level of reliability.

Validity
Validity refers to how accurately a method measures what it is intended to measure.

Types of validity used:

Construct validity

Construct validity means that a test designed to measure a particular construct (i.e. intelligence)
is actually measuring that construct

In construct validity mainly convergent validity is used

Convergent validity

This aspect of validity shows us the extent to which a test measures the same construct/
trait/attribute as do other measures that have been designed and developed to measure the the
same construct/ trait/attribute.

Validity in article
 Construct validity (convergent validity) of personal resource inventory according to
WEMWBS is (.57) and with DASS (-.55).

 Construct validity (convergent validity) of Optimism according to WEMWBS is (.40)

and with DASS (-.54).

 Construct validity (convergent validity) of Resilience according to WEMWBS is (.66)

and with DASS (-.37).

 Construct validity (convergent validity) of Hope according to WEMWBS is (.35) and

with DASS (-.40).
  Construct validity (convergent validity) of Self-efficacy according to WEMWBS is (.43)
and with DASS (-.46).

Reference:
Bano, A., & Ahmad, A. (2017). Development and validation of personal resource Inventory.
Pakistan journal of psychology, 48(1), 3-22.