Lmsnewreport 210413210927

CHAPTER 1
––
INTRODUCTION
Library Management System
1. INTRODUCTION
This chapter gives an overview about the motivation/need, aim, scope and objectives
of the system.
Library management system is all about organizing, managing the library and library-
oriented tasks. It also involves maintaining the database of entering new books and
the record of books that have been retrieved or issued, with their respective dates. The
main objective of the Library Management system is organizing and managing the
library tasks. Library is place where all kind of books are available. This is a web base
application and only a registered user can access the application. Library Management
system is developed to automate the task of entering the records of new book and
retrieving the details of book available in the library. This system contains list of all
the books. Using this system user can issue book to the library member, maintain their
records, and can checks how many books are issued and how many books are
available in the library. This system provides separate interface and login for librarian
and students. Librarian can modify database. Using the library management system,
user can also maintain the late fine of library member who return the issued book after
the due date.
Users can search for books and renewal books online. A library management system
(LMS) is a web application that is developed to handle at least the most basic
housekeeping functions of a library. It’s a well-organized software solution for a
library which helps to provide information on any registered materials present in the
library to the user as well as staff. The LMS facilitates technical functions of a library
and one such function is electronic cataloguing. With an LMS, library users can trace
desired items electronically without going through shelves. An LMS also facilitates
the lending process by keeping records of items lent and the borrower’s information.
LMS supports other administrative tasks such as inventory and data processing. The
Library management system is nowadays essential for schools, colleges, private
libraries, and other organizations. They can use this software as the purpose of books
issuing and returning for renewal. Moreover, this software helps the librarian to
maintain information about book issuing and returning the book before the last date.
Library management system are useful for such organization:
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- School libraries
- Collage libraries
- Private libraries
- Reference libraries
- National libraries
- Public libraries
- Modern Public libraries
- Public leading libraries
1.1 Existing System

The existing system is a manual one. Different records are maintained for different
transactions of the Library. When a new transaction takes place, the Librarian staff
enters the details of the transactions in a new file depending upon the type of the
transaction. The staffs have to maintain different type of operation like keeping details
of the members i.e. General member as well as Student, detail records of books,
keeping track of members newly registered moreover financial transactions like
income and expenditure for the period. The reports are generated time to time for
various operations; these should also be produced to the higher authority in timely
manner. The information regarding the system needs interaction and presentation at
regular intervals of time.
1.2 Problems in Existing System

Since the system is a manual one, the new transactions become time consuming. The
procedure of modification and deletion with the new transaction requires much
interaction with the system. Those records may already be in use at some level of
processing. This causes delay in the process.
The lack of availability of information in the same manner between different modules
of the system slows the whole process. The lack of coordination of the staffs and
procedures in a horizontal manner can a/so speed down the whole process, which
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requires more or less uninterrupted flow of information. The existing system was a
manual system to keep the transaction happened in the library. All the transaction was
manually recorded which was time consuming and tedious. It was also not reliable.
The current system was using the traditional method for daily activities, where the
librarian had to handle most of the activities manually as it was taking a long time.
Here we have tried to implement the manual system into the computer-based system
as it overcomes most of the flow of the manual system.
1.3 Needs for Computerization
Libraries are essential in a process of giving citizens access to knowledge. In digital

times they are needed more than ever before. In our country, library systems are
written that’s why we make a great use of paper. By making paper we cut trees. It is
very harmful for our environment. For our environment, we take this step to reduce
this. It reduces the manual paperwork through it and gives proper information of
books has been recorded automatically. Librarian can update the information of books
and manage availability and arriver record of the books. It saves human efforts and
time. With the help of library management system, the student can easily search and
find the books.
Aim
1. The main aim of this project is providing an easy to handle and automated
library management system. This project also provides features and interface
for maintaining librarian’s records, student’s history of issue and fines.
2. The owner can easily update, delete and insert data in the database with this
project.
3. The following are some of the features provided by this project:
4. The issue of books by online mode.
5. Columns provided to search book online.
6. Login portal for a student for security purpose of the library.
7. Homepage for the student which has different buttons to navigate to pages
containing the date of issue, date of return, fine charges, my account, search
available books online.
8. Maintaining records of the librarian and other library staff.
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9. Develop a system that can replace the manual library managing system.
Scope
To make the existing system more efficient.

To provide a user-friendly environment where user can be serviced better.
Make functioning of library faster.
Provide a system where the library staff can catch defaulters and not let them escape.
To minimize the loss done to books
Library is the place where information and books are stored. It is the place where
people from all fields uses the books and information required for them. But for that
purpose, since long time the manual system was followed during operation using the
library card. But with the increasing demands of technology in various fields are
forcing to stop the manual system in library operation. So, to fulfill the increasing
demands of the people library management software has been developed.
Objectives
To eliminate the paper work in library.

To record every transaction in computerized system so that problem such as record
file missing won’t be happened.
To design a user-friendly graphical user interface which suit the user.
To save the cost and time.
A library management system where admin can add/view/delete librarian and
librarian can add/view books, issue, view issued books, return books, add publication,
add branch, add student, view student report and penalty.
a) To build a system that can receive input and generate automatically output
in easy way and short time.
b) To build a monitoring system that is able to monitor and manage all library
operations efficiently.
c) Give an opportunity to librarians to reduce mistakes that always happen
during manual method.
d) Maintain the security.
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The library management system is a web application to keep the transaction happened
in the library. It avoids tedious and time-consuming manual system of the library. It
provides the features such as to keep the records of books, issue books and so on.
• Improvement in control and performance
The system is developed to cope up with the current issues and problems of
library.
The system can add user, validate user and is also bug free.
• Save cost
After computerized system is implemented less human force will be required
to maintain the library thus reducing the overall cost.
• Save time
Librarian is able to search record by using few clicks of mouse and few search
keywords thus saving his valuable time.
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CHAPTER 2
––
PROPOSED
SYSTEM
2. PROPOSED SYSTEM
This chapter, firstly, discusses the analysis of the identified problem and latter
presents the mathematical formulation of the identified problem of Library
Management System.
2.1 Proposed System

• The main thing is to identify the main features that involved in the proposed
system. In this scenario, there are two types of users; they are librarian &
student. The advantages of the computerized system over the manual system
are as follows: -
• User friendly interface
• Fast access to database
• Less error
• More Storage Capacity
• Search facility
• Quick transaction.
• A database is there to store the user details & book details. This information can be
retrieved by the users as per their advantage.
• Librarian can register students, issue or return books, add publication, add branch,
generate student report, generate issue book report, add/delete/search/edit books and
student info.
• All the manual difficulties in managing the Library have been rectified by
implementing computerization.
• The development of this new system contains the following activities, which
try to automate the entire process keeping in the view of database integration
approach.
• In Library Management System, the processing of transactions is done with
the help of computer.
• LMS provides a very simple GUI.
• Through LMS, updating to the database is very efficient and instantly done.
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Modules
The project Library Management System aims at developing a fully functional

computerized system to maintain all the day to day activity of a library.
This project has many features which such as the facility of Librarian login and
Student login. Also, on the top of all this, there is an admin who will be managing
the entire application’s authorization and authentication, not any intruder can login
and modify the data, as a login for admin is also available.
The various modules of this system areas:
1. Admin Module: It is to be operated by the admin with unique id and password.

The admin is the person who decides authentication and authorization for all
the different users of the application. Admin can assign a New Admin and
New User
2. Librarian: Includes all the library staff who are required to enter the records in
the system and keep an eye on the various activities like the issue of the book,
the return of the book, non-availability of books etc. through the developed
system.
1. Add Publication
2. Add Books
3. Book Report
4. Add Branch
5. Add Student
6. Student Report
7. Issue Book
8. Issue Book Report
9. Return Book
10. Penalty
3. Circulation: Issue Date, Return Date.
4. Student Login: 1. Search for the available books.
2. Check the circulation of books.
3. Penalty Report
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2.2 Hardware & Software Specification
Experimental Setup
• Hardware Requirement:
1. Processor: Intel Core i3 or better performance processor
2. Hard Disk Space: Minimum 1GB space free for Database
3. RAM: Minimum 2GB RAM
• Software Requirement:
1. Operating System: Windows 7 or any updated version or any other better
performance Operating System
2. Web Browser: All industry standard web browsers (Internet Explorer,
Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Apple Safari)
3. IDE: Visual Studio 2015
4. Language: ASP.NET
C#
HTML
CSS
5. Database: Microsoft SQL Server 2014
Software Tools Used

The whole project is divided in two parts the front end and the back end.
Front End
The front end is designed using of HTML and CSS
HTML- HTML or Hyper Text Markup Language is the main markup language
for creating web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.
HTML was first created by Tim Berners-Lee, Robert Cailliau, and others starting in
1989. It stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.
Hypertext means that the document contains links that allow the reader to jump to
other places in the document or to another document altogether. The latest version is
known as HTML5.
A Markup Language is a way that computers speak to each other to control how text
is processed and presented. To do this HTML uses two things: tags and attributes.
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HTML is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle
brackets (like <html>), within the web page content.
HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like <h1> and </h1>, although some tags
represent empty elements and so are unpaired, for example <img>. The first tag in a
pair is the start tag, and the second tag is the end tag (they are also called opening tags
and closing tags). In between these tags’ web designers can add text, further tags,
comments and other types of text-based content.
Applications of HTML
As mentioned before, HTML is one of the most widely used language over the web.
I'm going to list few of them here:
• Web pages development - HTML is used to create pages which are rendered
over the web. Almost every page of web is having html tags in it to render its
details in browser.
• Internet Navigation - HTML provides tags which are used to navigate from
one page to another and is heavily used in internet navigation.
• Responsive UI - HTML pages now-a-days works well on all platform, mobile,
tabs, desktop or laptops owing to responsive design strategy.
•
• Offline support HTML pages once loaded can be made available offline on
the machine without any need of internet.
• Game development- HTML5 has native support for rich experience and is
now useful in gaming development arena as well.
CSS-Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the
look and formatting of a document written in a markup language. While most often
used to style web pages and interfaces written in HTML and XHTML, the language
can be applied to any kind of XML document, including plain XML, SVG and XUL.
CSS is a simple design language intended to simplify the process of making web pages
presentable.
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CSS is a MUST for students and working professionals to become a great Software
Engineer specially when they are working in Web Development Domain. I will list
down some of the key advantages of learning CSS:
• Create Stunning Web site - CSS handles the look and feel part of a web page.
Using CSS, you can control the color of the text, the style of fonts, the spacing
between paragraphs, how columns are sized and laid out, what background
images or colors are used, layout designs, variations in display for different
devices and screen sizes as well as a variety of other effects.
• Become a web designer - If you want to start a career as a professional web
designer, HTML and CSS designing is a must skill.
• Control web - CSS is easy to learn and understand but it provides powerful
control over the presentation of an HTML document. Most commonly, CSS is
combined with the markup languages HTML or XHTML.
Applications of CSS
As mentioned before, CSS is one of the most widely used style language over the web.
I'm going to list few of them here:
• CSS saves time - You can write CSS once and then reuse same sheet in
multiple HTML pages. You can define a style for each HTML element and
apply it to as many Web pages as you want.
• Pages load faster - If you are using CSS, you do not need to write HTML tag
attributes every time. Just write one CSS rule of a tag and apply it to all the
occurrences of that tag. So, less code means faster download times.
• Easy maintenance - To make a global change, simply change the style, and
all elements in all the web pages will be updated automatically.
• Superior styles to HTML - CSS has a much wider array of attributes than
HTML, so you can give a far better look to your HTML page in comparison
to HTML attributes.
• Multiple Device Compatibility - Style sheets allow content to be optimized
for more than one type of device. By using the same HTML document,
different versions of a website can be presented for handheld devices such as
PDAs and cell phones or for printing.
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• Global web standards - Now HTML attributes are being deprecated and it is
being recommended to use CSS. So, it’s a good idea to start using CSS in all
the HTML pages to make them compatible to future browsers.
CSS is a cornerstone specification of the web and almost all web pages use CSS style
sheets to describe their presentation.CSS is designed primarily to enable the
separation of document content from document presentation, including elements such
as the layout, colors, and fonts.
ASP.NET is a web development platform, which provides a programming model, a
comprehensive software infrastructure and various services required to build up
robust web applications for PC, as well as mobile devices.
ASP.NET works on top of the HTTP protocol, and uses the HTTP commands and
policies to set a browser-to-server bilateral communication and cooperation.ASP.NET
is a part of Microsoft .Net platform.
ASP.NET applications are compiled codes, written using the extensible and reusable
components or objects present in .Net framework. These codes can use the entire
hierarchy of classes in .Net framework.
The ASP.NET application codes can be written in any of the following languages:
• C#
• Visual Basic.Net
• Jscript
• J#
ASP.NET is used to produce interactive, data-driven web applications over the

internet. It consists of a large number of controls such as text boxes, buttons, and
labels for assembling, configuring, and manipulating code to create HTML pages.
C# is a simple, modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language

developed by Microsoft within its .NET initiative led by Anders Hejlsberg. This
tutorial will teach you basic C# programming and will also take you through various
advanced concepts related to C# programming language.
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C# is a modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language developed

by Microsoft and approved by European Computer Manufacturers Association
(ECMA) and International Standards Organization (ISO).
C# was developed by Anders Hejlsberg and his team during the development of .Net
Framework.
C# is designed for Common Language Infrastructure (CLI), which consists of the

executable code and runtime environment that allows use of various high-level
languages on different computer platforms and architectures.
The following reasons make C# a widely used professional language −
• It is a modern, general-purpose programming language

• It is object oriented.
• It is component oriented.
• It is easy to learn.
• It is a structured language.
• It produces efficient programs.
• It can be compiled on a variety of computer platforms.
• It is a part of .Net Framework.
Backend
The backend is used to store the database, we are using MS SQL SERVER 2014
MS SQL SERVER is a relational database management system (RDBMS) developed

by Microsoft. This product is built for the basic function of storing retrieving data as
required by other applications. It can be run either on the same computer or on another
across a network. This tutorial explains some basic and advanced concepts of SQL
Server such as how to create and restore data, create login and backup, assign
permissions, etc. Each topic is explained using examples for easy understanding.
• It is a software, developed by Microsoft, which is implemented from the

specification of RDBMS.
• It is also an ORDBMS.
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• It is platform dependent.
• It is both GUI and command-based software.
• It supports SQL (SEQUEL) language which is an IBM product, non-
procedural, common database and case insensitive language.
Usage of SQL Server
• To create databases.
• To maintain databases.
• To analyze the data through SQL Server Analysis Services (SSAS).
• To generate reports through SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS).
• To carry out ETL operations through SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS).
2.3 Feasibility Study

A feasibility study assesses the operational, technical and economic merits of the
proposed project. The feasibility study is intended to be a preliminary review of the
facts to see if it is worthy of proceeding to the analysis phase. From the systems
analyst perspective, the feasibility analysis is the primary tool for recommending
whether to proceed to the next phase or to discontinue the project.
The feasibility study is a management-oriented activity. The objective of a feasibility
study is to find out if an information system project can be done and to suggest
possible alternative solutions.
Projects are initiated for two broad reasons: 
➢ Problems that lend themselves to systems solutions 
➢ Opportunities for improving through: (a) upgrading systems (b) altering
systems (c) installing new systems
A feasibility study should provide management with enough information to decide:
• Whether the project can be done?
• Whether the final product will benefit its intended users and organization
• What are the alternatives among which a solution will be chosen?
• Is there a preferred alternative?
• How beneficial or practical the development of an information system would
be to an organization?
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And for the System to be act as worth-while it should have passed through some test
that examine that it should proceed further or not. This series of test is commonly
known as feasibility study on the system and it plays a very vital role for every system
projects. Feasibility studies undergo four major analyses to predict the system to be
success and they are as follows: -
i Operational Feasibility
ii Technical Feasibility
iii Schedule Feasibility
iv Economic Feasibility
i. Operational Feasibility: -
Operational feasibility is a measure of how well a proposed system solves the

problems, and takes advantage of the opportunities identified during scope definition
and how it satisfies the requirements identified in the requirements analysis phase of
system development. Operational feasibility reviews the willingness of the
organization to support the proposed system. This is probably the most difficult of the
feasibilities to gauge. In order to determine this feasibility, it is important to
understand the management commitment to the proposed project. If the request was
initiated by management, it is likely that there is management support and the system
will be accepted and used. However, it is also important that the employee base will
be accepting of the change. The operational feasibility is the one that will be used
effectively after it has been developed. If users have difficulty with a new system, it
will not produce the expected benefits. It measures the viability of a system in terms
of the PIECES framework. The PIECES framework can help in identifying
operational problems to be solved, and their urgency:
Performance -- Does current mode of operation provide adequate throughput and

response time?
⎯ In comparison of the earlier process of maintaining data in the written mode

on that contrast this system plays a very important role in maintain the book
management system and makes the process of data entering so easier and user
friendly.
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Information -- Does current mode provide end users and managers with timely,
pertinent, accurate and usefully formatted information?
⎯ System provides end users and managers with timely, pertinent, accurate and
usefully formatted information. Since all the user related information is being
stored in the database against a unique user ID, it will provide for meaningful
and accurate data to the librarian. The information handling in the current
system is done manually. This results in scribbling of data and loss of validity
of data. The information handling in the proposed system will be computerized
and will automatically update. The human errors will be minimal. The data
can be easily updated, modified when required and will be validated before
the data is processed into the system.
Economy -- Does current mode of operation provide cost-effective information

services to the business? Could there be a reduction in costs and/or an increase in
benefits?
⎯ Determines whether the system offers adequate service level and capacity to
reduce the cost of the business or increase the profit of the business. The
deployment of the proposed system, manual work will be reduced and will be
replaced by an IT savvy approach. Moreover, it has also been shown in the
economic feasibility report that the recommended solution is definitely going
to benefit the organization economically in the long run. In the existing system
the data are stored in ledgers and filing cabinets which require a lot of space
and maintenance. Access to certain data can be restricted by creating different
levels of user accessibility.
Control -- Does current mode of operation offer effective controls to protect against
fraud and to guarantee accuracy and security of data and information?
⎯ As its database does not contain any confidential information which can be
misused so on that contrast there should no use of any security corner for this
system.
Efficiency -- Does current mode of operation makes maximum use of available
resources, including people, time, and flow of forms?
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⎯ Efficiency work is to ensure a proper workflow structure to store patient data;

we can ensure the proper utilization of all the resources. It determines whether
the system make maximum use of available resources including time, people,
flow of forms, minimum processing delay. In the current system a lot of time
is wasted on paper work like making new records, updating records. The
proposed system will be a lot efficient in maintaining the record and easily
fetching out the required data.
Services -- Does current mode of operation provide reliable service? Is it flexible and
expandable?
⎯ The system is desirable and reliable services to those who need it and also
whether the system is flexible and expandable or not. The proposed system is
very much flexible for better efficiency and performance of the organization.
The existing system can provide service only to a limited number of users.
There is very little room for change and hardly any scope for expansion. The
scalability of the proposed system will be inexhaustible as the storage capacity
of the system can be increased as per requirement. This will provide a strong
base for expansion. The new system will provide a high level of flexibility.
ii. Technical Feasibility: -
A large part of determining resources has to do with assessing technical feasibility. It

considers the technical requirements of the proposed project. The technical
requirements are then compared to the technical capability of the organization. The
systems project is considered technically feasible if the internal technical capability is
sufficient to support the project requirements. The analyst must find out whether
current technical resources can be upgraded or added to in a manner that fulfils the
request under consideration. This is where the expertise of system analysts is
beneficial, since using their own experience and their contact with vendors they will
be able to answer the question of technical feasibility. The essential questions that
help in testing the operational feasibility of a system include the following:
• Is the project feasible within the limits of current technology?
• Does the technology exist at all?
• Is it available within given resource constraints?
• Is it a practical proposition?
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• Manpower- programmers, testers & debuggers

• Software and hardware
• Are the current technical resources sufficient for the new system?
• Can they be upgraded to provide to provide the level of technology necessary
for the new system?
• Do we possess the necessary technical expertise, and is the schedule
reasonable?
• Can the technology be easily applied to current problems?
• Does the technology have the capacity to handle the solution?
• Do we currently possess the necessary technology?
Automated library system deals with the modern technology system that needs the
well efficient technical system to run this project. All the resource constrains must be
in the favor of the better influence of the system. Keeping all this fact in mind we had
selected the favorable hardware and software utilities to make it more feasible.
iii. Schedule Feasibility: -

Schedule Feasibility is defined as the probability of a project to be completed within
its scheduled time limits, by a planned due date. If a project has a high probability to
be completed on-time, then its schedule feasibility is appraised as high. In many cases
a project will be unsuccessful if it takes longer than it was estimated: some external
environmental conditions may change; hence a project can lose its benefits,
expediency and profitability. If a work to be accomplished at a project does not fit the
timeframes demanded by its customers, then a schedule is unfeasible (amount of work
should be reduced or other schedule compression methods applied).
If the project managers want to see their projects completed before they can lose their
utility, they (project managers) need to give proper attention to controlling their
schedule feasibility: to calculate and continually reexamine whether it is possible to
complete all amount and scope of work lying ahead, utilizing the given amount of
resources, within required period of time. Schedule feasibility study includes use of
the following matters:
• Project Estimation
• Gantt and PERT charts
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• CPM (Critical Path Method)

• Change Management
iv. Economic Feasibility: -
Economic analysis could also be referred to as cost/benefit analysis. It is the most

frequently used method for evaluating the effectiveness of a new system. In economic
analysis the procedure is to determine the benefits and savings that are expected from
a candidate system and compare them with costs. If benefits outweigh costs, then the
decision is made to design and implement the system. An entrepreneur must
accurately weigh the cost versus benefits before taking an action.
Possible questions raised in economic analysis are:
• Is the system cost effective?

• Do benefits outweigh costs?
• The cost of doing full system study
• The cost of business employee time
• Estimated cost of hardware
• Estimated cost of software/software development
• Is the project possible, given the resource constraints?
• What are the savings that will result from the system?
• Cost of employees' time for study
• Cost of packaged software/software development
• Selection among alternative financing arrangements (rent/lease/purchase)
The concerned business must be able to see the value of the investment it is pondering
before committing to an entire system study. If short-term costs are not overshadowed
by long-term gains or produce no immediate reduction in operating costs, then the
system is not economically feasible, and the project should not proceed any further.
If the expected benefits equal or exceed costs, the system can be judged to be
economically feasible. Economic analysis is used for evaluating the effectiveness of
the Proposed System. The economic feasibility will review the expected costs to see
if they are in-line with the projected budget or if the project has an acceptable return
on investment. At this point, the projected costs will only be a rough estimate. The
exact costs are not required to determine economic feasibility. It is only required to
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determine if it is feasible that the project costs will fall within the target budget or
return on investment. A rough estimate of the project schedule is required to determine
if it would be feasible to complete the systems project within a required timeframe.
The required timeframe would need to be set by the organization.
Cost Benefits Analysis
It is the process of analyzing the financial facts associated with the system
development projects performed when conducting a preliminary investigation. The
purpose of a cost/benefit analysis is to answer questions
Such as:
• Is the project justified (because benefits outweigh costs)?

• Can the project be done, within given cost constraints?
• What is the minimal cost to attain a certain system?
• What is the preferred alternative, among candidate solutions?
2.4 Fact Finding Techniques

Fact finding technique is a criterion carried out during systems investigation, Problem
Identification and during the feasibility study of the Systems Development Life cycle.
In the Fact-finding various types of data such as organizational structure, revenues,
current process details and several types of costs are collected. Systems
Development Life cycle is a model used in project management which is used in
Information Systems Development that describes the stages involved in the systems
development projects from its start to the end.
Systems analysts use fact finding techniques to ease off their research and analysis
tasks. Few of those techniques are Questionnaires, Interviews, Observation and
Sampling.
Interviewing
Most commonly used, and normally most useful, fact-finding technique. Enables
collection of information from individuals face-to-face.
Objectives include finding out facts, verifying facts, clarifying facts, generating
enthusiasm, getting the end-user involved, identifying requirements, and gathering
ideas and opinions.
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There are two types of interviews unstructured and structured.

• Open-ended questions allow the interviewee to respond in any way that seems
appropriate.
• Closed-ended questions restrict answers to either specific choices or short,
direct responses.
This is of a much flexible than the structured interview and used to gather general
information.
The following advantages and disadvantages of the interviews can be listed.

· Advantages
• Can motivate the interviewee to answer freely without any limitations.

• More feedback can be probed.
• Extra information can be gathered from body language and facial expressions.
· Disadvantages
• Time consuming.
• Requires good human relations skills.
• Requires good interviewing skills.
Observing the Organization in Operation

• An effective technique for understanding a system.
• Possible to either participate in, or watch, a person performs activities to learn
about the system.
• Useful when validity of data collected is in question or when the complexity
of certain aspects of the system prevents a clear explanation by the end-users
This technique is done through observing a person’s perform activities to learn about
the business process. The information gathered through a good observation can make
a good analysis which will help to understand the realities of the situations.
Advantages of observation are,
• Data gathered can be very reliable.

• Can see exactly what is being done in complex tasks.
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• Relatively inexpensive
The disadvantages of observation are,
• People may perform differently when being observed.

• People may let you see what you want to see.
Research
• Useful to research the application and problem.
• Use computer trade journals, reference books, and the Internet (including user
groups and bulletin boards).
• Provide information on how others have solved similar problems, plus whether
or not software packages exist to solve or even partially solve the problem.
Questionnaires: This is a most common method of fact finding. A questionnaire is a

document that is containing a number of standard questions that can be sending to
many individuals. There are two types of questions open ended and close ended.
Conduct surveys through questionnaires, which are special-purpose documents that
allow facts to be gathered from a large number of people while maintaining some
control over their responses.
There are two types of questions, namely free-format and fixed-format.
2019-2020 23
CHAPTER 3
–––––––– –––––––––––
ANALYSIS
3. ANALYSIS
This chapter gives the analysis of various diagrams
3.1 Nomenclature
CONTEXT DIAGRAM
Request
Library
Management Librarian
Response
System
0 Level DFD
2019-2020 25
DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
1st level DFD
Librarian
Login Detail
Login
Admin Master
System 0.0
Manage
Branch Master
Branch 1.0
Manage
Student Master
Branch 1.0
Manage Book Master

Branch 1.0
Manage Book Master

Branch 1.0
Manage
Penalty Master
Branch 1.0
2019-2020 26
1.1 Level DFD
Librarian
Login Detail
Login Admin Master
Add Branch Branch Master
Modify
Branch Master
Branch
2019-2020 27
1.2 Level DFD
Librarian
Login Detail
Login Admin Master
Add Student
Student Master
Modify
Student Master
Student
2019-2020 28
1.4 Level DFD
Librarian
Login Detail
Login Admin Master
Add Books
Books Master
Modify
Book Master
Books
Add/Delete Book Master

Quantities
Change Book Master

Price
Issue Book Rent Master
Return Book Rent Master
2019-2020 29
1.4 Level DFD
Librarian
Login Detail
Login Admin Master
New Books
Books Master
Report
New Issue
Rent Master
Books
Over Limit Rent Master

Books
Penalty Penalty Master

Report
Student
Student Master
Wise
2019-2020 30
1.5 Level DFD
Librarian
Login Detail
Login Admin Master
View Overall
Rent Master
Report
Apply
Penalty Master
Penalty
2019-2020 31
3.2 Activity Diagram of Library Management System
The activity diagram used to describe flow of activity through a series of actions.
Activity diagram is an important diagram to describe the system. The activity
described as an action or operation of the system.
Fig.: Activity Diagram for Library Management System
Librarian needs to login into the system for accessing the Library Management
System. Librarian input the credentials, if the credentials are valid and available in the
database then the Librarian is authenticated to the system.
2019-2020 32
Librarian can Manage Branch, add/update or delete branch. They can Manage
Students by adding new student into the system or modify the details of the existing
student.
Librarian can add new book, they also modify or edit the existing book in the database
and they can also delete the book. Librarian can issue the book to the student and
generate the issue book report of the student, issuing book to the student is minimum
1 day and maximum 10 days. After issuing the book to the student, student return the
book, then librarian update the database. If the time period for returning the book
exceeds then the penalty is imposed on the student.
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Use Case Diagram- Library Management System
ADD PUBLICATION
ADD BOOK
ADD BRANCH
ADD STUDENT
SEARCH BOOK
ISSUE BOOK
Librarian Student
RETURN BOOK
PENALTY
ISSUE/RETURN BOOK
REPORT
PENALTY REPORT
CHANGE PASSWORD
Fig: Use Case Diagram for Library Management System
2019-2020 34
The use case diagram is usually referred to as behavior diagram used to describe the
actions of all user in a system. All user describe in use case are actors and the
functionality as action of system.
Use Case Diagram Library System Project
In above library system project, there are two users Librarian and Student. Both
Librarian and Student can do all activities after login in to library management
system.
Librarian Activity:
• Add Publication
• Add books
• Add Branch
• Add Student
• Issue Book
• Return Book
• Apply Penalty
• Change Password
• View Reports
Student Activity:
• Search Book
• Issue / Return Book Report
• Penalty Report
• Change Password
2019-2020 35
3.3 Context Level Diagram
2019-2020 36
3.4 Flow Chart – Library Management System
Start
ADMIN STUDENT
No No
Login Login
Yes Yes
ADD PUBLICATION MY ACCOUNT
SEARCH BOOK
ADD BOOK
CHANGE
ADD BRANCH
PASSWORD
ADD STUDENT ISSUE BOOK

REPORT
BOOK/STUDENT PENALTY
REPORT REPORT
ISSUE BOOK
CHANGE
PASSWORD
RETURN BOOK
PENALTY
ISSUE/RETURN
BOOK REPORT
LOGOUT
End
2019-2020 37
The system flow diagram is a visual representation of all processed in sequential

order.
The System flow chart diagram is a graphical representation of the relation between
all the major parts or step of the system. Flow chart diagram cannot include minor
parts of the system.
This Library management system asp.net project has main two modules.
• Librarian
• Student
Librarian: Librarian is a responsible person who run the system, is a administrator

of the whole system. Librarian has a full right to handle the project.
Librarian Functionalities:
Here is the list of activities of librarian.
• Add Publication
• Add Book Stock
• Add Branch
• Add Student
• Issue Books
• Return Books
• Penalty
The Librarian has a username and password to access the system. After login he has
to first add publication detail in to system and then enter all the detail of book stock.
In our system librarian can make entry of student who are the members of our system.
Librarian can register all students with valid personal detail and generate username
and password for each student for login into system. Librarian issue books to
registered student and get return from them. He has rights to make a penalty for late
return book.
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Student / Member Functionalities:
• Book Reports
• Penalty Status
• Account
The Student is a registered member of library system. All student has unique username
and password to access his account. After login student can access his account detail,
they can see the borrowed book report and penalty report.
2019-2020 39
CHAPTER 4
––
SYSTEM DESIGN
4. SYSTEM DESIGN
This chapter presents the system design of database and implementation of the
proposed system.
4.1 Data Element Dictionary
S. No. Data Item Type Length Description
1 ADMIN
Contains Name of
1.1 Name nvarchar 256
the admin
Contains User
1.2 UserName nvarchar 256 Name of the
admin
Contains
1.3 Password nvarchar 256
Password
Contains Entry
1.4 EntryDate datetime - Date of New
Admin
2 STUDENT
Contains Student
2.1 SID int -
ID
Contains Name of
2.2 StudentName nvarchar 256 the Student
Contains Name of
2.3 BranchName nvarchar 256 the Branch
Contains Mobile
2.4 Mobile nvarchar 256 Number
2.5 Address nvarchar 256 Contains Address
2.6 Pin Code nvarchar 256 Contains Pin Code
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2.7 D.O. B datetime - Date of Birth
2.8 Gender nvarchar 256 Sex of the Student
Contains Mail
2.9 Email nvarchar 256 Address
Contains
2.10 Password nvarchar 256
Password
Contains Profile
2.11 Image nvarchar 500
Picture
3 BRANCH
Contains Branch
3.1 BranchID int -
ID
Contains Branch
3.2 BranchName nvarchar 256
Name
4 PUBLICATION
Contains
4.1 PID Int -
Publication ID
Contains
4.2 Publication nvarchar 256 Publications

Name
Contains New
4.3 EntryDate datetime - Publication Entry
Date
5 BOOK
5.1 BookID int - Contains Book ID
Contains Book
5.2 BookName nvarchar
Name
Contains Book
5.3 Author nvarchar
Author Name
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Contains Book
5.4 Detail nvarchar
Details
Contains Book
5.5 Price float
Price
Contains
5.6 Publication nvarchar
Publication Name
Contains Related
5.7 Branch nvarchar
Branch Name
Contains Total
5.8 Quantities int
Book Quantities
Contains
5.9 AvailableQnt int Available Book

Quantities
Contains Issue
5.10 RentQnt int
Book Record
Contains the Book
5.11 Image nvarchar 1000
Image
Contains the Entry
5.12 EntryDate datetime -
Date of Book
ISSUE/RETURN
6
BOOK
Contains issue
6.1 RID int -
book Id
Contains the issue
6.2 BookName nvarchar 256
book name
Contains the
6.3 SID int - student id for

issuing book
Contains the total
6.4 Days int -
issue date
Contains the book
6.5 IssueDate datetime -
issue date
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Contains the book

6.6 ReturnDate datetime -
return date
Contains the
6.7 Status int - Issue/Return
status of book
7 PENALTY
Contains Penalty
7.1 PID int -
ID
Contains Student
7.2 SID int -
Id for Penalty
Contains Book
7.3 BookName nvarchar 256
Name
Contains Price of
7.4 Price numeric 18,0
Book
Contains Penalty
7.5 Penalty numeric 18,0
Status
Contains Penalty
7.6 Detail nvarchar 500
Reason
Contains Issue
7.7 EntryDate datetime -
Date
2019-2020 44
4.2 Table Design

• Admin table for add new admin
• Student table for add new student information
• Publication table for add new publication
2019-2020 45
• Branch table for add new branch
• Issue Book table to keep track of books issued
4.3 Program Specification

As per the project management there should be a proper selection of the methodology
so on that contrast, we have to select the methodology for our project i.e. Library
Management System. Basically, there are two types of methodology used for the
2019-2020 46
projects Structured System Analysis and Design Methodology and Object-Oriented

Methodology. We have chosen Object Oriented Methodology.
Problems found in Structured Programming
Structured programming can be defined as a Software application programming

technique that follows a top down design approach with block-oriented structures.
This style of programming is characterized by the programmer’s tendency to divide
his program source code into logically structured blocks which would normally
consist of conditional statements, loops and logic blocks. This style of programming
has the implementation of the source code being processed in the order in which bits
of the code have been typed in.
Disadvantages of Structured Programming
Problem: Lack of Encapsulation: But while the encapsulation concept is a powerful

working tool, its lack of availability in structured programming means that programs
will be longer. The same or similar code will appear in more than one location. This
also means that the programs will have a greater chance of errors. The testing will be
lengthy as well since every piece of code will have to be tested. Even if the code is
without errors in one place, the same piece of code may appear in a different part of
the program and could have problems there.
Problem: Same Code Repetition:
Because the code that is written may appear in different parts of the program, it can
be vulnerable to different problems because of its location. Programs have variables,
which mean that they can take on different values at different parts of the program.
So, the testing that is necessary to develop an error-free program can be time
consuming.
Lack of Information Hiding:
Information hiding involves isolating design decisions in a computer program that

have the greatest chance to change. This protects other parts of the program from
modifications if the design decision is changed. The protection involves providing a
stable interface (a point of interaction between components, either hardware or
software) which protects the rest of the program from the details that are most likely
2019-2020 47
to change. However, structured programming has no such control. The possibility of

spill over from the effects of coding to other areas is easily possible. For example,
once code is executed in one part of the program, variables that have a value may
clash with the same variable in another part of the program. The possibility that the
appearance of the first variable will dominate the second appearance may cause
serious errors. Worse, the debugging efforts might be stymied since the code will look
correct. You cannot hide the results from one part of the program as they may
influence another part.
Time and Money:
The biggest problem with the SSADM system is that it takes a great deal of time.
When a business takes so much time to analyze the project, it may make it difficult to
create the information system by a desired end date. There is a large delay between
the inception of the project and the delivery of the system. If any employees of a
company are not trained in the SSADM techniques, the company will need to spend
even more time and money training them in this difficult system.
Reasons for selection of Methodology
Object Oriented Methodology:
Object-oriented approach combines data and processes (called methods) into single
entities called objects. Objects usually correspond to the real things an information
system deals with, such as customers, suppliers, contracts, and rental agreements.
Object-oriented model is able to thoroughly represent complex relationships and to
represent data and data processing with a consistent notation, which allows an easier
blending of analysis and design in an evolutionary process. The goal of object-
oriented approach is to make system elements more reusable, thus improving system
quality and the productivity of systems analysis and design (Hoffer et al. 2002).
Though systems analysis is closed associated with design, this paper tries to focus on
analysis part of the methodology.
Mechanism of Object-oriented Approach:
The principals of objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are the

foundation for object-oriented systems development. To understand and express the
2019-2020 48
essential and interesting features of an application in the complex real world, an

object-oriented model is built around objects. An object encapsulates both data and
behavior, implying that analysts can use the object-oriented approach for both data
modelling and process modelling. Specific objects in a system can inherit
characteristics from the global instance of an object. For example, many types of
objects may have a name and a creation date. Specific objects can inherit these global
characteristics from parent objects that include only global characteristics. Objects
can inherit characteristics from more than one parent object. Inheritance attempts to
avoid the redundant definition of similar characteristics that can be embodied at higher
levels in the system (Cackowski 2000).
Unified Modelling Language:
The Unified Modelling Language (UML) is an object-oriented language for

specifying, visualizing, constructing, and documenting the artefacts of software
systems, as well as for business modelling (UML Document Set, 2001). The UML
was developed by Rational Software and its partners. It is the successor to the
modelling languages found in the Booch (Booch 1994), OOSE/Jacobson, OMT and
other methods.
Use-case Modelling: First adopted by Jacobs net al. (1992), use-case modelling is
developed in the analysis phase of the object-oriented system development life cycle.
Use-case modelling is done in the early stages of system development to help
developers gain a clear understanding of the functional requirement of the system,
without worrying about how those requirements will be implemented. A use-case is a
representation of a discrete set of work performed by a use (or another system) using
the operational system (). A use-case model consists of actors and use cases. An actor
is an external entity that interacts with the system and a use case represents a sequence
of related actions initiated by an actor to accomplish a specific goal (Hoffer et al.
2002).
Class Modelling:
There are many new terms in object-oriented approach. Some have already been
introduced above. An object is the most fundamental element in OO approach, which
has a well-defined role in the application domain, and has state, behavior, and identity.
2019-2020 49
A class is a set of objects that share the same attributes, operations, methods,
relationships, and semantics. A class may use a set of interfaces to specify collections
of operations it provides to its environment.
Object modelling or class modelling is the key activity in object-oriented

development. If the use cases contain errors, then all is not lost. If the class model
contains errors then all may well be lost. The quality of the resulting system in object-
oriented development is essentially a reflection of the quality of the class model. This
is because the class model sets the underlying foundation upon which objects will be
put to work. A quality class model should provide a flexible foundation upon which
systems can be assembled in component-like fashion. A poor class model results in a
shaky foundation upon which systems will grind to a halt and buckle under the threat
of change (Artisan 2001).
Benefits of Object-Oriented Approach:
Object-oriented databases make the promise of reduced maintenance, code

reusability, real world modelling, and improved reliability and flexibility. However,
these are just promising and in the real world some users find that the object-oriented
benefits are not as compelling as they originally believed. For example, what is code
reusability? Some will say that they can reuse much of the object-oriented code that
is created for a system, but many say there is no more code reusability in object-
oriented systems than in traditional systems. Code reusability is a subjective thing,
and depends heavily on how the system is defined. The object-oriented approach does
give the ability to reduce some of the major expenses associated with systems, such
as maintenance and development of programming code. Here are some of the benefits
of the object-oriented approach:
Easy Debugging If a particular object turns out to be a problem, you can simply
remove it from your application and plug in a different object as its replacement. This
is analogous to fixing mechanical problems in the real world. If a bolt breaks, you
replace it, not the entire machine.
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4.4 Menu Design

Admin Menu:
Fig. Homepage:
This is the User Interface for login into an admin and student account.
Fig. Admin Home:
This is the User Interface of Admin Account.
2019-2020 51
Student Menu
Fig. Student Homepage:
This is the User Interface of Student Account.
.
4.5 Input Screen Design
Admin Input Screen
Fig. Add Publication:
Admin can add the new publication, update/delete publication
2019-2020 52
Fig. Add Branch:
Admin can add new Branch, update/delete Branch.
Fig. Add Book:
Admin can add new book in the library. They can separate the book by branch or
by publication
2019-2020 53
Fig. Add Student:
Admin can add new student and generate the username and password for the
student, so that the student can login into the system.
Fig. Penalty:
Admin can charge a due amount to the student, if they late returning the book.
2019-2020 54
Student Input Screen
Fig. Edit Student Details:
Here student can edit details of their account.
2019-2020 55
CHAPTER 5
––
TESTING
PROCEDURE
5. TESTING PROCEDURES
System Testing is a type of software testing that is performed on a complete

integrated system to evaluate the compliance of the system with the corresponding
requirements.
In system testing, integration testing passed components are taken as input. The goal
of integration testing is to detect any irregularity between the units that are integrated
together. System testing detects defects within both the integrated units and the whole
system. The result of system testing is the observed behavior of a component or a
system when it is tested.
System Testing is carried out on the whole system in the context of either system
requirement specifications or functional requirement specifications or in the context
of both. System testing tests the design and behavior of the system and also the
expectations of the customer. It is performed to test the system beyond the bounds
mentioned in the software requirements specification (SRS).
System Testing is basically performed by a testing team that is independent of the

development team that helps to test the quality of the system impartial. It has both
functional and non-functional testing.
System Testing is a black-box testing.
System Testing is performed after the integration testing and before the acceptance
testing.
2019-2020 57
System Testing Process:

System Testing is performed in the following steps:
• Test Environment Setup:

Create testing environment for the better-quality testing.
• Create Test Case:
Generate test case for the testing process.
• Create Test Data:
Generate the data that is to be tested.
• Execute Test Case:
After the generation of the test case and the test data, test cases are executed.
• Defect Reporting:
Defects in the system are detected.
• Regression Testing:
It is carried out to test the side effects of the testing process.
• Log Defects:
Defects are fixed in this step.
• Retest:
If the test is not successful then again test is performed.
System Testing:
The aim of the system testing process was to determine all defects in our project. The
program was subjected to a set of test inputs and various observations were made and
based on these observations it will be decided whether the program behaves as
expected or not. Our Project went through two levels of testing
1. Unit testing
2. Integration testing
INTEGRATION TESTING
In this type of testing we test various integration of the project module by providing
the input. The primary objective is to test the module interfaces in order to ensure that
no errors are occurring when one module invokes the other module.
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UNIT TESTING
Unit testing is undertaken when a module has been created and successfully reviewed.
In order to test a single module, we need to provide a complete environment ie besides
the module we would require
• The procedures belonging to other modules that the module under test calls
• Non local data structures that module accesses
• A procedure to call the functions of the module under test with appropriate
parameters Unit testing was done on each and every module that is described
under module description of
Test for the Admin/Librarian module:
• Testing admin login form-This form is used for log in of administrator of the
system. In this we enter the username and password if both are correct
administration page will open otherwise if any of data is wrong it will get
redirected back to the login page and again ask for username and password.
• Student account addition- In this section the admin can verify student details
from student academic info and then only add student details to main library
database it contains add and delete buttons if user click add button data will
be added to student database and if he clicks delete button the student data will
be deleted.
• Book Addition- Admin can enter details of book and can add the details to the
main book table also he can view the books requests.
Test Cases for Library Management System
LOGIN FORM:
SR. Test Case Excepted Result Test

No Result
1 Enter valid name and password & Software should display main Successful
click on login button window
2 Enter invalid Software should not display successful

main window
2019-2020 59
BOOK ENTRY FORM:

No Result
1 On the click of At first user have to fill all fields with proper successful
ADD button data, if any Error like entering text data instead
of number or entering number instead of text.
Is found then it gives proper message
otherwise Adds Record to the Database
2. On the Click of This deletes the details of book by using Successful
DELETE Button Accession no.
3. On the Click of Modified records are Updated in database by Successful
UPDATE Button clicking UPDATE button.
4. On the Click of Displays the Details of book for entered Successful
SEARCH Button Accession no. Otherwise gives proper Error
message.
5. On the Click of Clears all fields Successful
CLEAR Button
6. On the Click of Exit the current book details form successful
EXIT button
7. On the Click of Display the next form successful
NEXT button
USER ACCOUNT FORM:

No Result
ADD button data, if any Error like entering text data instead
of number or entering number instead of text.
Is found then it gives proper message
otherwise Adds Record to the Database
2019-2020 60
2. On the Click of This deletes the details of student by using Successful

DELETE Button Register no.
UPDATE Button clicking UPDATE button.
4. On the Click of Displays the Details of book for entered Successful
SEARCH Button Register no. Otherwise gives proper Error
message.
CLEAR Button
EXIT button
NEXT button
BOOK ISSUE FORM:

No Result
ADD button data, if the accession number book is already
issued then it will be giving proper msg.
2. On the Click of This deletes the details of book by using Register Successful
DELETE Button no.
UPDATE clicking UPDATE button.
Button
4. On the Click of Displays the Details of issued book. Otherwise Successful
SEARCH gives proper Error message.
Button
CLEAR Button
EXIT button
2019-2020 61

NEXT button
BOOK RETURN FORM:

No Result
ADD button data, if any Error like entering text data instead of
number or entering number instead of text. Is
found then it gives proper message otherwise
Adds Record To the Database
2. On the Click of Which deletes the details of book by using Successful
DELETE Register no.
Button
UPDATE clicking UPDATE button.
Button
4. On the Click of Displays the Details of returned book … Successful
SEARCH Otherwise gives proper Error message.
Button
CLEAR
Button
EXIT button
NEXT button
2019-2020 62
CHAPTER 6
––
OUTPUT SCREEN
6. OUTPUT SCREEN
Admin Output Screen
Fig. Book Report:
Admin can view all the available books in the library and issued books to the
students.
Fig. Book Details:
Admin can view the book details by selecting the branch or by publication.
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Fig. Student Report:
Admin can view all the available students in the library.
Fig. Student Details:
Admin can view all the details of the students in the library.
.
2019-2020 65
Fig. Issue Book:
Admin can issue book to the student, minimum period for issuing book is 1 day
and maximum 10 days.
Fig. Issue Book Report:
Admin can view all the Issue Books to the student in the library.
.
2019-2020 66
Fig. Return Book Report:
Student return the book to the librarian, if the return date is gone then the penalty
is impose on the student.
2019-2020 67
Student Output Screen
Fig. Student Account:
Here student can view their details.
Fig. Book Report:
Student can view all the available books in the library or the issued book to the
students.
2019-2020 68
Fig. Books Details:
Student can view the book details of the available books.
Fig. Borrow Book Report:
All the issued books to the student can view in the borrow book section.
2019-2020 69
Fig. Return Book Report:
All the return books by the student can view in the return book section.
Fig. Penalty Report:
If any due paid by student, then this will show in penalty report section.
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CHAPTER 7
IMPLEMENTATION
––
PROCEDURE
7. IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURE
Communication Phase: -
We gathered in a communication activity, before the requirements can be analysed,
modeled, or specified
Under this phase, all kinds of information have been gathered to successfully make
the project of the desired specifications.
It includes: -
• On-site Observations.
• Informal Meetings
• Personal discussions
• Reviews of Information Domains
o Admin Report
o User Report
2019-2020 72
Planning Phase: -
The planning activity encompasses a set of management and technical practices that
enable the software team to define a road map as it travels toward its strategic goal
and tactical objectives. It includes the issues like: -
• Clarification of the reasons for developing the system.
o To automate communication between various computers.
o To gain better experience in IT field
• Identification of the functionalities to be built.
o Security Features.
o Easy and Fast Procedures for Doing Typical Operations on any local
area network.
• Proper scheduling of the system.
o One Week (Approx.) For Completing the Synopsis.
o One Month (Approx.) For Developing the System.
Modelling Phase: -
System modelling is an important element of the system engineering process. Under
this phase, models are developed to gain a better understanding of the actual entity to
be built.
Construction Phase: -
The construction activity encompasses a set of coding and testing tasks that lead to
operational software that is ready for delivery to the customer or end-user.
• Coding
o The Creation of Programs/Database Using codes and Statements in C#
and SQL.
• Testing
o After the Programs Get Created, They Are Tested with The Intent Of
Finding Any Error That Was Left Undetected During the Coding
Phase. The Basic Tests That Have Been Done Are: -
• Unit Testing
• Integration Testing
• System testing
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Deployment Phase: -
This phase encompasses following activities: -
• Delivery of Software, Support for User
2019-2020 74
CHAPTER 8
––
USER MANUAL
8. USER MANUAL
It is completely easy to install and use, this system can be installed and configured
over an intranet and/or internet and can be globally accessible by certain computer or
computers. So, never hesitate to access this resourceful library wherever you are!
Following is an instruction for installing this system on an intranet network as follow:
1. You need to install and configure Visual Studio 2015 and Microsoft
SQL Server 2014 on your computer.
2. Open SQL Server Management Studio 2014
• Create New Database
• Import Database Tables
• Import SQL Store Procedure
3. Open Visual Studio 2015
• → File → Open → Website
• Change Database name in web.config file.
4. Run the Project…. DONE.
Getting Started with LMS
Now for Using the LMS, the following steps should be taken:
1. In the Login screen that appears, by accessing the address, insert your Username
and Password which will be given to you by the librarians and then click on Login
button.
2. It will now display the Main Menu according to your level of access and permission
to the system.
User Roles and Definition

There are different possible roles for accessing and being connected to LMS which
are as follow:
1. Student: If you want to access the LMS with the privilege of a student you are able
to search and request for the book you want no matter whether you are pending or
returned.
2019-2020 76
2. Lecturer: At the moment the one with the lecturer privilege has the same right as a
student but in the near future he will be considered with more privilege on the system
like: extendibility in lending duration and etc.
3. Librarian: Users with privilege of librarians could have access to the most features
of the system and are authorized to manage library resources, members, books,
eBooks, new, and etc.
4. Administrator: While you enter the system or have access to the system with the
privilege of the administrator you are able to manipulate all of the library resources
for example you are authorized to even backing and restoring the data up in future and
etc.
The key features of LMS are as follows:

1. Profile section: as a user (with any privilege) you can access your account
information and edit or delete some of your relevant information like changing your
password, email, photo and etc.
2. Service section: This section refers to the library administrators through which they
are able to manage their own resources i.e. library members, books, depositing library
resources to the members, customizing the library information, policy, services, email
and etc. Last but not least can view list of users whose time for returning the borrowed
books has expired and they haven’t returned the book yet which will have great effect
for best supervision and uniformity.
3. Master section: This is also a section referred to the administrators of the library
that enables them to manage the master information like: book authors, publishers,
categories, and etc.… which are needed for identifying the books and library members
4. Statistic and Summery: This section is one of the most useful parts of this system
that provides various useful reports about library resources i.e. books, members,
eBooks, transactions and etc.… for the administrator librarians enabling them to have
general reports and absolute supervision on the situation.
2019-2020 77
CHAPTER 9
SCOPE FOR FUTURE
––
ENHANCEMENT
9. SCOPE FOR FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
There is a future scope of this facility that many more features such as student can
request for book issue online or give some suggestions. In future it has a facility of
teacher’s login where teachers can add lectures notes and also give necessary
suggestion to library and also add info about workshops and events happening in our
college or nearby college in the online notice board. It also has the facility to generate
student ID card online for issuing book directly without student interaction and
wherever the student available in the college, they can request for a book.
2019-2020 79
CHAPTER 10
––
CONCLUSION
10. CONCLUSION
This chapter presents the conclusion of this dissertation and the future work that can
be carried out on the basis of the present work. The conclusion summarizes the overall
work that has been carried out in this dissertation. The future scope provides the
direction for extension of the presented work.
Conclusion
This web application provides a computerized version of library management system

which will benefits the student as well as librarian.
It makes entire process online where student can search books, librarian can generate
reports and do book transactions. It also has a facility for student login where student
can login and see status of books issued as well as all the available books in the library.
This system has been developed in a way to make it very user friendly. Any person
having a basic understanding of computer can run this system without any pain.
The system is strong enough to withstand regressive yearly operations under
conditions where the database is maintained and cleared over a certain time of span.
The implementation of the system in the organization will considerably reduce data
entry, time and also provide readily calculated reports.
The problems, which existed in the earlier system, have been removed to a large
extent. And it is expected that this project will go a long way in satisfying users’
requirements. The computerization of the Library Management will not only improve
the efficiency but will also reduce human stress thereby indirectly improving human
recourses. This project is very useful in managing the record and other operation of
library.
2019-2020 81
CHAPTER 11
––
REFERENCE &
BIBLIOGRAPHY
11. REFERENCES & BIBLIOGRAPHY
This refers to the books/websites which were gone through for completion of this
project reports.
SOME BOOKS REFERED
• System Analysis & Design – Senn
• Software Engineering – Pressman
• System Analysis & Design – Elias Award
• Exploring Advanced Features in C# - Dirk Strauss
SOME WESBITES REFERED
• http://www.gobookee.com/library-management-system-er-diagram-and- dfd/
• http://www.gobookee.com/
• http://www.scribd.com/
• http://www.evalued.bcu.ac.uk/tutorial/4c.htm
• http://wiki.answers.com/
• shttp://www.softaiminnovations.com/
• http://www.dba-oracle.com/t_object_oriented_approach.htm
• http://coursesweb.net/actionscript/oop-object-oriented-programming
• http://www.brighthub.com/
• http://www.ehow.com/
2019-2020 83

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CHAPTER 1

Library management system are useful for such organization:

- Modern Public libraries

- Public leading libraries

1.1 Existing System

1.2 Problems in Existing System

1.3 Needs for Computerization

Libraries are essential in a process of giving citizens access to knowledge. In digital

To make the existing system more efficient.

To eliminate the paper work in library.

2.1 Proposed System

The project Library Management System aims at developing a fully functional

The various modules of this system areas:

1. Admin Module: It is to be operated by the admin with unique id and password.

2.2 Hardware & Software Specification

Software Tools Used

ASP.NET is used to produce interactive, data-driven web applications over the

C# is a simple, modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language

C# is a modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language developed

C# is designed for Common Language Infrastructure (CLI), which consists of the

The following reasons make C# a widely used professional language −

• It is a modern, general-purpose programming language

MS SQL SERVER is a relational database management system (RDBMS) developed

• It is a software, developed by Microsoft, which is implemented from the

Usage of SQL Server

2.3 Feasibility Study

Operational feasibility is a measure of how well a proposed system solves the

Performance -- Does current mode of operation provide adequate throughput and

⎯ In comparison of the earlier process of maintaining data in the written mode

Economy -- Does current mode of operation provide cost-effective information

⎯ Efficiency work is to ensure a proper workflow structure to store patient data;

ii. Technical Feasibility: -

A large part of determining resources has to do with assessing technical feasibility. It

• Manpower- programmers, testers & debuggers

iii. Schedule Feasibility: -

• CPM (Critical Path Method)

iv. Economic Feasibility: -

Economic analysis could also be referred to as cost/benefit analysis. It is the most

Possible questions raised in economic analysis are:

• Is the system cost effective?

Cost Benefits Analysis

• Is the project justified (because benefits outweigh costs)?

2.4 Fact Finding Techniques

There are two types of interviews unstructured and structured.

The following advantages and disadvantages of the interviews can be listed.

• Can motivate the interviewee to answer freely without any limitations.

Observing the Organization in Operation

Advantages of observation are,

• Data gathered can be very reliable.

The disadvantages of observation are,

• People may perform differently when being observed.

Questionnaires: This is a most common method of fact finding. A questionnaire is a

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

1st level DFD

Manage Book Master

Manage Book Master

1.1 Level DFD

Login Admin Master

Add Branch Branch Master

1.2 Level DFD

Login Admin Master

1.4 Level DFD

Login Admin Master