1.

House Construction –
To build a house means that the contractors construct and assemble the
different components of the house according to the construction
documents. The building process starts with clearing the ground where the
house will be located. Then, working horizontally, an excavator machine
digs the ground to lay the foundation. Next, the vertical columns and
exterior walls are placed on top of the foundation. The vertical
constructions are supported by connecting them with horizontal beams
called joists to form the mainframe of the house. Now that the mainframe
is ready, the contractor uses plywood to build the floor levels and the roof.
The doors and windows are installed in the final steps, and the house is
equipped with plumbing and electrical systems.

- Materials used in House Construction

 CEMENT - used for a binder the substance and set and harden them or bind the

other adheres to other materials together. It old an extensively used and
the oldest type of building material.
 FINE AGGREGATES - are used in projects and concrete work where a smooth
yet highly compacted surface is desired. It is an important engineering material.
 COARSE AGGREGATES - is widely used in construction due to its various
properties like abrasion resistance, hardness, elastic modulus and etc.
 WATER – used for preparation of mortar, mixing of cement and aggregate, and
for curing work etc. during construction work.
 MUD AND CLAY - are used for the mud plaster in the rural areas for both
interiors and the exterior of the houses. It is a very cheap building material used
in the construction of houses in rural areas.
  BRICKS- are mainly used for the construction of walls and paving. They are
easy to handle, strong in compression, and also durable.
 GLASS - is used in the windows mainly to cover the panel of the window so that
light enters the room.
  FOAM - is used in the house as an insulator sandwiched between wood or
cement.
 CERAMICS - are such things as tiles, fixtures, etc. Ceramics are mostly used as
fixtures or coverings in buildings. Ceramic floors, walls, counter-tops, even
ceilings. 
 STEEL – is use to form a skeleton for the building or structure essentially the part
of the structure that holds everything up and together.
 WOOD - used in the construction of walls, ceilings and floors, while softwoods
are often used to make doors, furniture and window frames. 
 RIBBED BAR - are the most common widely used reinforcing material for most
construction of various structures.
 CERAMICS - are such things as tiles, fixtures, etc. Ceramics are mostly used as
fixtures or coverings in buildings. Ceramic floors, walls, counter-tops, even
ceilings. 
 PLASTICS - are mainly used for seals, profiles (windows and doors), pipes,
cables, floor coverings, and insulation.
 FABRICS – used as the external facade, that provides protection from the
environment, as well as the main internal dividing walls.
 SEALANT – often used to cover gaps between places that are too small to be
filled with other materials like concrete, wood, or mortar.
 GYPCRETE - is generally used in the building in a wood frame and
concrete construction with properties of fire ratings, sound
reduction, radiant heating, and floor leveling.
 GALVANIZED SHEET IRON - used to cover the house and protect its interior
against unfavorable weather conditions.
 PAINT - is used to decorate, protect and prolong the life of natural and synthetic
materials, and acts as a barrier against environmental conditions.
 CABLE AND WIRES- used for power distribution to transmit electricity from a
transformer or other source to an outlet, appliance, device, cable, switch,
distribution board, socket, and light fitting.