SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

IN BALI AGA TRADITIONAL HOUSE

(CASE STUDY: PENGLIPURAN VILLAGE, BANGLI)
Tiara Faradina¹, Annisa Tjahya ², Yusuf Vladimir³, Nurjanah Ratnaningrum⁴
Arsitektur Lingkungan Binaan, Brawijaya University
Jln. MT Haryono 167, Lowokwaru, Malang, Indonesia
Email: annisatjahya@student.ub.ac.id
 TABL E O F CONTENT

FAVER AND STONE GROUP

Introduction
Systematic Review
Criteria Sustainable Design
Energy Efficiency
Material Conservation
Sustainable Sites
Water Efficiency
Waste Management
Indoor Environment
Surrounding Environment
Conclusions
DESA PENGLIPURAN
JL. PENGLIPURAN, KUBU, KEC. BANGLI,
KABUPATEN BANGLI, BALI
 B
A
L
HOME ( R ESIDENTIA L ENTITY) I

T
Location Selection based on the earth's axis is: 1). kaja-kelod direction R
(mountains and seas), 2). high-low direction (tegeh and bee), 3). based on A
the axis of the Sun i.e.; East West (Sunrise and sunset) D
The overall area based on the mass in one yard / plot with the qibla towards I
the north as the highest and holiest place and the Volume of Space is T
determined in the form of a long quadrangle, the floor height is about 0.8 m I
- 1.2 m from the steps towards the natah (house), and the dimensions of the
O
space of each pavilion are not more than 6.5 m x 6.5 m.
N
The variety of activities consists of residential activities (sleeping, eating,
resting) and psychological interests, such as carrying out religious and
A
traditional ceremonies such as merajan (praying) at the Family Temple. L
Norms of Residence based on the beliefs of Tri Hita Karana which underlie
the realization of the arrangement of the cosmos from the most macro
(bhuana agung / universe) to the most micro things (bhuana alit / human) to H
regulate the balance or harmony of humans with the environment O
U
S
E
 (HOU S I N G) RESIDEN TIAL
ENVI R O N MENTAL G ROUP

Tenganan Village architecture uses traditional nature-based architectural concepts, taking into account the climate HOME
and the availability of materials. The location of residential areas in mountainous areas is accompanied by the shape
of a stepped village, with the adjustment of the shape of the building to the tropical climate of the mountains.
Sustainable architecture approach as a design strategy is considered appropriate to support settlement planning and
design, the principle of sustainable architecture through the realization of four aspects including:

Development, Change occurs continuously along with the next period of time both in the pre-Hindu period, the
period of the Ancient Balinese Kingdom and the period of the Kingdom of Bali under the influence of the Majapahit
Kingdom. Likewise in the colonial period, the independence period and the tourism era (Madiun, I N. 2010) and the
global era.
Shrinkage, Some factors, namely the understanding of Traditional Balinese Architecture that does not transform to
the wider community. H O U SING
Addition and Subtraction, Occurs in functions formed in a particular building due to adjustments to the activities
accommodated and the needs of the space formed.
Linking, Connecting from one building to another in the form of circulation that forms an open space and a place to
interact between Balinese people. If from one family house to another family house is bounded by a boundary wall.
SYST E M A TIC REVIE W

IDENTIFICATION

43 Jurnal terkait Sustainable Architecture (Jurnal

internasional dan Nasional)

SCREENING

17 Jurnal tentang kriteria Sustainable Housing, Green

Building

CLASIFICATION

7 Jurnal tentang kriteria dan parameter sustainable

housing

2 REVIEW ARTICLES, 5 RESEARCH ARTICLES

SUST A I N ABLE DESIG N CRITERIA
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Low Energy Design Concept, Use Renewable Energy,
Converting waste into energy (Karyono, 2012)
MA T E R I A L C O N S E R V A T I O N
Employing construction principles for wet-tropical areas,
Increasing the use of alternative (local) materials (Larasati, D.)
SUSTAINABLE SITES
Minimizing land cuts and fill (Karyono, T.H. 2012)
Previously occupied land/brownfield development (Lazar,
N.2020)
WA T E R E F F I C I E N C Y
Rainwater Harvesting, Efficient Irrigation system, Quality of
water, wastewater treatment and reuse
WA S T E MA N A G E ME N T
Composting & Biodegradation, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle &
Recovery (Regain Energy), Sanitary Landfill (Goren, 2014)
I N D O O R E N V I R O N ME N T
Protection/isolation of ductwork, thermal and cooling comfort
quality (passive thermal and cooling), illmunation/lighting
system, acoustics comfort, "healthy house" (Yuyuan, 2003)
S U R R O U N D I N G E N V I R O N ME N T
Have enough green open space (Aditantri,2016), Harmony with
the climate (Aditantri,2016), facilities & infrastructure (housing,
footpath, lighting), Self-supported concept (memanfaatkan
pekarangan sebagai lahan pertanian, tambak, dan ternak.)
(Frick, H., Suskiyatno, B., (1998).
01
ENER G Y EFFICIENC Y
CRITERIA SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN BALI AGA TRADITIONAL HOUSE

There are 77 plots of traditional

houses in Penglipuran Village. In one
yard can consist of four main buildings or it can
be more depending on the number of family
members. The mass of buildings in one yard include (1)
angkul-angkul (archway), (2) sanggah (holy place), (3) bale
sakenem (ceremonial room), (4) paon (kitchen), and (5)
bale dangin / loji (family room where daily activities). The
following is a model of one of the traditional house
patterns in Penglipuran Bangli Village.

The mass layout of the buildings in this traditional Penglipuran house is a Balinese Aga pattern which
is often called jejeran wayang even though it is not exactly facing each other. This pattern is in the
form of a cluster, that is, there is a space in the middle as an orientation center commonly called
natah. This kind of mass pattern causes almost the entire room to make good use of sunlight. In
general, the need for 75% natural light to illuminate the room has been achieved.
02
MATE R I A L CONSERV ATION
CRITERIA SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN BALI AGA TRADITIONAL HOUSE

LANTAI & PERABOT

The use of building materials in the Bali Aga Traditional House reflects the geographical and climatic
conditions of Penglipuran Village, which is a dry and wet tropical area.

BATA MENTAH ROTAN

DINDING

BATU KALI
BAMBU BATU KUNING

CAMPURAN BATA MENTAH & BATU REJENG DAUN KELAPA

TANAH LIAT

building floor material is using clay bricks, a ATAP

The local materials on the undagi (setempat)
mixture of clay and bricks; River stone; yellow
foundation uses a mixture of stone, clay
stone on the walls, application of sand to
species and printed stone. (Lanus, et.al.
pedestrians, application of river stone to
2017)
stairs, application of coconut leaves on the
CAMPURAN SERAT POHON &ALANG-ALANG DAUN KELAPA
inner roof and roof covering material, BAMBU

application of bamboo as a roof frame and

building walls, and woven rattan as furniture
(Lanus, et.al. 2017 and Artawan et.al 2021).
DAUN LONTAR
03
SUST A I N ABLE SITES
CRITERIA SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN BALI AGA TRADITIONAL HOUSE
Aspects Existing Conditions
Facilities & Public facilities and social facilities
Infrastructure The need for existing open space is
insufficient to accommodate
community activities.
There is no public parking area for
4-wheeled or 2-wheeled vehicles,
both in residential areas and in
educational areas.
Pedestrian paths in the area and
road area have sufficient
pedestrian paths.
Planning & In the landed area, it is crowded with
Designing the area people's homes in the temgah area,
paying attention to GSS and GSB.
Area management In the area, there is already a
public space and there is a place to
preserve local culture.
Standards/Regulations
Pedestrian paths in the area and road area have pedestrian paths
that are quite the concept of open space in residential areas Each
unit of RW≈populated area (SNI 03-1733-2004).
The need for Education and Learning facilities in accordance with
SNI 03-1733-2004 Planning of urban housing environments.
The need for health facilities in accordance with SNI 03-1733-
2004 Planning of urban housing environments
Each RW unit = with a population of 2500 people requires public
parking with a minimum parking area requirement of 100m2.
Allocated can serve the needs of building cultural, educational and
other recreational facilities in the form of community meeting halls
(SNI 03-1733-1989, Procedures for planning urban housing areas).
In accordance with the regulation of the minister of public works
number: 06/PRT/M/2007 concerning general guidelines for
building and environmental plans. Regarding pedestrian paths that
become connecting lanes in areas with high intensity and diverse
activities, such as in commercial areas of residential neighborhoods
or mixed function areas.
In accordance with the regulations regarding urban RTH of 30%,
the study area along the river flow must apply the concept of GSS
and GSB.
In accordance with SNI regulation 03-1733-1989, procedures for
planning urban housing areas. That each area must be equipped
with public spaces, namely: Citizens' Hall / Meeting Hall and
Multipurpose Hall / Taruna Coral Hall The location is in the middle
of a neighboring group. Can Be part of other facilities buildings and
in the center of the neighborhood. The land area is at least 500 m².
03
WATE R E FFICIENCY
CRITERIA SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN BALI AGA TRADITIONAL HOUSE

Penglipuran Village has a bamboo forest which is in the northernmost part of the village. Ecologically, bamboo plants are able to maintain environmental balance because
they have a root system that can prevent erosion (Wong, 2004), maintain the hydrological system because it has the ability to bind water, so that it can be used as a water
conservation plant and rehabilitate land. (Suriani, 2017; Widjaja et al, 1997).

Sapa sire ugi mekarya songbah mangde

ngewentenang patemon bebaosan ring sang
panyandingnya. Prade nenten adung patut
kebaosin antuk prajuru adat utawi sang
rumawos.

Through the rules in awig-awig, the existing implementation is the separation between
drainage channels and domestic liquid waste sewers. The drainage channel in the front yard
of the house only serves to channel rainwater, while the sewerage is separated and
channeled through the backyard of the house.
05
WAST E M ANAGEME NT
CRITERIA SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN BALI AGA TRADITIONAL HOUSE

Waste management is always closely related to reduce,

reuse, and recycle activities. The efforts of the people of
Penglipuran Village in maintaining environmental
sustainability through waste management have been carried
out for many years and have become a culture of living that is
inherent in the community. The tradition of maintaining
environmental cleanliness in Penglipuran Village is very clear
and firmly contained in the village awigs. In Penglipuran
Village, there is a process of sorting waste by sorting waste
by type. Then there are organic and inorganic waste sorting
activities every 1 month. Inorganic waste will then be
distributed to the Waste Bank for recycling as well as
providing economic value to the community from the Waste
Bank's activities. Meanwhile, organic waste will be processed
by the local community to be used as fertilizer that can be
used on community-owned agricultural land. (Uthami, 2020
and Hendriyati, 2020).
06
INDO O R ENVIRONM ENT
CRITERIA SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN BALI AGA TRADITIONAL HOUSE

Each building has a certain distance aimed at blocking incoming radiation so

that the inside of the building is exposed to good natural lighting. Penglipuran
Traditional Houses generally use roofs derived from natural materials of dry
reeds and wooden constructions with a fairly steep shape so that rainwater
easily falls and makes air circulation in the room cooler.

Penglipuran Village Traditional Houses generally do not have ventilation. The

main ventilation is only a door that is used as a circulation path to enter the
house. It aims to keep the air temperature in the room warm throughout the
day. The furnace found in Paon (parents' bed) is also useful as a heating device
at night.
07
SURR O U N DING ENV IRONMENT
CRITERIA SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN BALI AGA TRADITIONAL HOUSE

The architecture that grows in society reflects geographical conditions, climate and relationships with the
surrounding environment. The relationship with nature and its surroundings can be seen in the yard of the
Bali Aga Traditional House in Penglipuran Village has green open space to improve air quality and absorb
CO2 levels which causes the air to feel beautiful, cool, and green as a representation of Bali's tropical climate
balance. In each house, there is greenery as a support.

The influence of the wet tropical climate in Bali presents an architectural form that adapts to the
climate, namely by applying local environmentally friendly materials such as bamboo, clay, and
natural stone to the architecture of the inner space and outdoor space of the Bali Aga Traditional
House. Frick, H., Suskiyatno, B., (1998), expressed the need for facilities used communally to gather,
worship, and support daily activities. In the Bali Aga Traditional House, there is Bale Sakenem which is
used as a shared facility. Parwata (2028) states that the function of Bale Dangin Sakenem is a place to
prepare and hold religious ceremonies for Hindus in Bali. This building is located in the east direction
of the traditional Balinese house yard with saka or pillars supporting the building which is six.
SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
CONC L U S IONS

Sustainable Architecture is the main goal in planning and designing residential houses and
settlements that must be achieved to create a better life with a balance between nature and the local
environment. The principle of sustainable architecture has been applied by traditional indigenous
peoples long before the emergence of the sustainable development paradigm, one of which can be
reflected in the architecture of the Bali Aga Traditional House in Penglipuran Village, Bangli Regency.

The principles of sustainable architecture in Penglipuran Village are studied based on seven criteria,
including energy efficiency, the use of environmentally friendly materials, sustainable land, water
management efficiency, waste management, indoor environment, and surrounding environment.
Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that basically the application of each sustainable
architectural criterion has been seen in the spatial order of dwellings and settlements, namely the
mass pattern that almost all rooms can use, the selection of building materials from local natural
resources, the development of sustainable areas, there are water conservation efforts through
bamboo forest conservation, good waste management, good indoor conditioning, and the harmony
of the surrounding environment with existing wisdom.
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