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  • Indirect From Statement

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    Dika Rhamdani
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    1. The document discusses indirect speech (reported speech) and how it differs from direct speech. Indirect speech involves reporting what someone said without using their exact words. 2. Key changes from direct to indirect speech include removing quotation marks and commas, changing verbs to the appropriate past tense, changing pronouns and adverbs of time and place. Reporting verbs like "said" and "told" are usually used to introduce indirect speech. 3. Examples are provided to illustrate the changes such as changing the present tense to the past tense and changing pronouns based on who is speaking and being spoken to.

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    INDIRECT FROM STATEMENT

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    1. The document discusses indirect speech (reported speech) and how it differs from direct speech. Indirect speech involves reporting what someone said without using their exact words. 2. Key changes from direct to indirect speech include removing quotation marks and commas, changing verbs to the appropriate past tense, changing pronouns and adverbs of time and place. Reporting verbs like "said" and "told" are usually used to introduce indirect speech. 3. Examples are provided to illustrate the changes such as changing the present tense to the past tense and changing pronouns based on who is speaking and being spoken to.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    10 views2 pages

    Indirect From Statement

    Uploaded by

    Dika Rhamdani
    1. The document discusses indirect speech (reported speech) and how it differs from direct speech. Indirect speech involves reporting what someone said without using their exact words. 2. Key changes from direct to indirect speech include removing quotation marks and commas, changing verbs to the appropriate past tense, changing pronouns and adverbs of time and place. Reporting verbs like "said" and "told" are usually used to introduce indirect speech. 3. Examples are provided to illustrate the changes such as changing the present tense to the past tense and changing pronouns based on who is speaking and being spoken to.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    INDIRECT SPEECH FROM STATEMENT

    Kalimat tak langsung (Indirect) dari kalimat pernyataan (Statement )

    Direct Speech from Statement Indirect Speech


    1. John said to Lani, “I don`t want you to come 1. John said to Lani (that) he didin`t want her
    with me “. to come with him.
    2. Mr. Yusuf told me, “ I likes your style”. 2. Mr. Yusuf told me (that) he liked my style.
    3. Toni said to Susan,” I am sorry for my fault”. 3. Toni told Adam (that) he was sorry for his
    4. Sarah told Adam,” I sweep the floor fault.
    everyday”. 4. Sarah told Adam (that) she swept the floor
    everyday.
    5. They said to her,” We were ready to come 5. They said to her (that) they had been ready
    here”. to come there.
    6. Bill told me,” I failed on my examination”. 6. Bill told me (that) he had failed on his exam.

    Kata kerja yang melaporkanya (Reporting Verbs ) umumnya bisa digunakan :


    a. Say
    b. Tell
    c. Explain (menjelaskan)
    d. Remark (mengatakan /berkata )
    e. State (memberitahukan/menyatakan/mengucapkan)

    BEBERAPA PERUBAHAN YANG TERJADI DARI DIRECT KE INDIRECT SPEECH :

    a. Tanda baca koma, dan tanda kutip ditiadakan


    b. Tanda tanya (?) menjadi titik (.)
    c. Tenses berubah
    DIRECT INDIRECT
    1. Present (V-1) Past (V-2)
    Eg : - want / need / study / cry / play Wanted / needed/studied / cried/played
    Go /buy /drink/ take / give -went /bought/drank/ took / gave
    - Don`t / doesn`t + V1 - didn`t + V1
    2. Past (V-2) Past perfect ( had +V-3)
    -wanted/needed/studied/cried/played -had wanted/had needed/had cried
    -didn`t want /need/cry/play -had not wanted/hadn`t needed/ had not
    -didn`t go /buy/take/give cried/ had not played
    -hadn`t gone/hadn`t bought/ hadn`t given
    3. Modals (will, shall, can, may, must) Would, should, could, might, had to

    d. Pronoun (kata ganti orang) berubah disesuaikan dengan siapa yang berbicara, dan siapa yang
    diajak bicara.
    e. Adverbs (keterangan waktu dan tempat ) , dan Demonstrative pronoun berubah

    Adverb of time Adverb of place


    -Now menjadi then -here menjadi there
    -Yesterday menjadi the day before -over here menjadi over there
    -Last night menjadi the night before
    -Last week/month/year menjadi the
    previous week/month/ear
    -Last Sunday menjadi Sunday before
    -Two days ago menjadi two days before
    -Tomorrow menjadi the following day/ the
    next day.
    -Next week menjadi the following week
    -Next July menjadi the following July
    -Today menjadi that day
    Demonstrative pronoun
    -This menjadi that
    -These menjadi those

    f. Kata ganti orang (Pronoun) berubah, tergantung siapa yang berbicara dan siapa yang diajak
    bicara
    SUBJECT OBJECT POSSESSIVE REFLEXIVE
    (kepunyaan)

    I Me My Myself
    You You Your Yourself
    He Him His Himself
    She Her Her Herself
    We Us Our Ourselves
    They Them Their Themselves
    It It Its itself

    NOTE :
    A. UNTUK POSISI SUBJECT BIASANYA DI AWAL KALIMAT.
    B. OBJECT BIASANYA DILETAKKAN SETELAH KATA KERJA (VERB ) ATAU KATA DEPAN (PREPOSITION ,
    SEPERTI : IN-ON-AT-FOR-OFF-BY-FROM-UNDER-ABOVE- ...dsb. )
    I told him, She makes me mad, They call her Tina, We don`t like you.
    C. POSSESSIVE ( KEPUNYAAN ) HARUS DIKUTI KATA BENDA ( NOUN ) , SEPERTI :
    My wallet, His uncle, Her gadget, Your bike , Our language , Their farm, its tail.

    YOU CAN IF YOU THINK YOU CAN

    TRY TO FOCUS BECAUSE YOU UNDERTAND AND BE SMART STUDENT,

    GET THE TEST WITH THE FLYING COLOURS !!!

    GOOD LUCK !!!

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