Areas of Parallelograms and Triangles

POINTS TO REMEMBER
. Equal figures: Two planc figures having equal area are called equalfigures.
2.
2. Congruent figures: Two planc figures having the sameshape and size are called congnuent
figures. But two planc figures having cqual arcas need not be congruent.
3. Results on Area of polygon regions
are cqual in area
) Parallelograms on the same base and between the same parallels
on the same base and of the same
(i) The arca of a parallelogram is equal to the area of rectangle
the
altitude i.e. between the same parallels.
parallels are cqual in area.
base and between the same
(ii) Triangles are the same

4. Some more results :

() Arca of a |l gm =
Base *
height
Base x height
(i) Area of a triangle =

(sum of parallel sides) height

(ii) Area of trapezium =

Product of diagonals
(iv) Area of rhombus =

the same base and between the

are on
samc parallels, then the
5. ()Ifa triangle and a parallelogram
area is half of the area of the parallellogram.
oftriangle
and between the same parallels are equal in area.

(i) Parallelograms on cqual bases

and BD =
8 cm
AB 6 cm, CD = 6 cm
Evercise 12 LABD = ZBDC = 90
Q.1. In the adjoining figure, BDis a diagonal To prove:(1) ABCD is a parallelogram
ABCD is a
of quad. ABCD. Show that
and calculate the area of (i) Find the area of |lgm ABCD.
parallelogram
Proof: LABD = ZBDC
l gm ABCD.
6cm C (cach 90")
But thesc are alternate anglcCs

8cm AB DC
But AB DC= 6 cm
ABCD is al gm
A 6cm B Now Area = Basc Altitude
SO1. Given: BD is the diagonal ot
quadrilateral ABCD = 6 8 cm = 48 cm'Ans.
 . In a llgm ABCD, it is given that AB= 16 D 8cm C
cm and the altitudes corresponding to the
sides AB and AD are 6 cm and 8 cm
6cm
respectively.
Find the length of AD.
D AL 10cm
Sol. In trapezium ABCD
6cm AB | DC and DL L AB
F
8cm AB 10 cm, DC =8 cm
and DL = 6 cm

A B Area of trapezium ABCD

Sol. In ll gm ABCD, AB = 16 cm, altitudes
Sum of parallel sidesx
on AB and AD are DE and BF are
drawn 2
height
andDE 7 cm, BF 8 cm
=

= (10+8) x 6 cm2
l ABCD Basc x altitude =
Area of gm 2
= AB x DDE
= x6=54 cm2 Ans.
= 16 x 6 = 96 cm2 .i)
Again area of l| gm AD x BF
Q.5. Show that the line segment joining the
=

= AD x 8 cm .. i) mid-points of a pair cf opposite sides of

a parallelogram, divides it into twO equal
From () and (i)
parallelograms.
96
8 AD 96 AD =
8
12 cm Ans. D Q C

Q.3. Find the area of a rhombus, the lengths

ofwhose diagonals áre 18 cm and 24 cm
respectively.
C
A B

24cm
18cm Sol. Given: In || gm ABCD,
P and Q are the mid points of sides AB
and DC respectively. PQ is joined.
A B To prove APQD and PBCQ are
:
Sol. Let the first diagonal of rhombus parallelograms of equal areas.
(d) =18 cm Proof: P and Q are mid points of AB
and second diagonal (d,) =
24 cm and DC respectively.

d18x 24 AP PB and DQ=QC

'. Arca = Cm
2 2 But AB || DC (opposite sides of ||gm)
216cm Ans. ' AP || DQ
Q.4. Find the of
trapezium whosc
area a

parallel sides measure 10 cm and 8 cm andAP DQ

respectively and the distance between ' APQD is a || gm.
these sides is 6 cm. Similarly PBCQ is a || gm.