TECHNICAL

SEMINAR
Presentation on
“VERTICALAXIS
WIND TURBINES”

Presented by
Name: RITHWIK RANJAN SHETTY
USN:1DB18ME048

Guide
Prof.K M Kiran Kumar
Professor
Dept. Of Mechanical, DBIT
 CONTENTS
● INTRODUCTION
● LITERATURE
REVIEW
● OBJECTIVES
CONTENTS
● COMPONENTS
● WORKING
PRINCIPLES
● APPLICATION
● ADVANTAGE AND
DISADVANTAGES
● CONCLUSION
● REFERENCE
 INTRODUCTION
• A wind turbine is a device that
converts the kinetic energy of
wind into electrical energy.
They are an increasingly
important source of
intermittent renewable energy,
and are used in many countries
to lower energy costs and Fig.: World’s tallest
reduce reliance on fossil fuels. VAWT, in Cap-Chat,
Quebec

• There are two major types of

wind turbine determined
based on the axis in which the
turbine rotates.
Horizontal Axis Wind
Turbine
(HAWT)
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
(VAWT)
VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE
A vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) is a
type of wind turbine where the main rotor
shaft is set transverse to the wind while the
main components are located at the base of the
turbine.
A vertical axis wind turbine has its axis
perpendicular to the wind streamlines and
vertical to the ground. A more general term
that includes this option is "transverse axis
wind turbine" or "cross-flow wind turbine.“
Computer modelling suggests that wind farms
constructed using vertical-axis wind turbines
are 15% more efficient than conventional
horizontal axis wind turbines as they generate
less turbulence.

Fig. 2: VAWT Fig. 2: HAWT

 LITERATURE REVIEW

Sl. Authors Contributions Publication

No.
Joachim Numerical modelling
1. Toftegaard Renewable
and optimization of
Hansen, Energy Int.
vertical axis wind
Mahak Journal,
turbine pairs
Mehak, 2021
Iakovos
Tzanakis
Zhenzhou
Zhao, Approaches for Sustainable
2.
Dingding aerodynamic Energy
Wang, performance Technologies
Tongguang improvement of lift- and
Wang, type vertical axis wind Assessments,
Ming Chen turbine 2022

F A numerical analysis Journal of

3. Th¨onnißen, to evaluate Betz's Law Physics,
M Marnett, for 2016
B Roidl, W vertical axis wind
Schr¨oder turbines
 OBJECTIVES

To study the requirement of Vertical

Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT).

To study the reliability of VAWT.

To produce electrical energy at lower

wind speeds.

Reduce reliance on fossil fuels at

residential purposes.
 COMPONENTS OF VAWT
The construction
of a typical
vertical Axis wind
turbine includes
the following
components:
• Blades
• Rotor (shaft)
• Lower Hub
• Lower Bearing
• Power and
Control Unit
• Generator and
Transformer
• Equipment
Station
• Support Stand Fig. 4: Components of
VAWT
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
 A Windmill arrangement is a mechanical
arrangement which is easily rotated.
 The rotating speed depends upon the
wind strength.
 The windmill arrangement is coupled
with the dynamo. So whenever the
windmill is rotated due to wind, the
dynamo also rotated.
 The electric power is generated in the
dynamo.
 The generated electric power is given to
battery through the charging circuit.
 APPLICATION

• Used in small wind projects

• Used in residential applications
• These turbines are used to generate
power even in not stable weather
conditions like gusty wind & turbulence.
 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
Advantages:
• Omni-directional VAWTs may not need to
track the wind. No need for a complex
mechanism and additional components to
yaw the rotor and pitch the blades.
• Strong Supporting tower is not needed as
in the case of HAWT, because the
complicated components are placed at
ground/sea level.
• Simple Blade geometry.
• Low production cost as compared to
HAWT.
• Low cost of installation and maintenance.
• Low-risk foe humans and birds because
blades move at relatively slow speeds.
• Suitable for Urban, a n d residential areas
where wind speed is low and reliability
can be more.
Disadvantages
• Less efficient as compared to HAWT,
This is mainly due to the nature of their
design and operational characteristics.
• On average, the efficiency of a
horizontal axis wind turbine lays
between 40 to 50 %, On the other hand,
a Savonius vertical axis wind turbine
has an average efficiency of 10 to 17 %,
while the Darrieus vertical axis wind
turbine reaches 30 to 40 %.
• Components wear down as VAWT’s
face more turbulences and vibrations,
can result in more maintenance cost.
• Some VAWT’s rely on additional
starting mechanism.
• VAWTs often suffer from dynamic stall
of the blades as the angle of attack
varies rapidly.
 CONCLUSIONS
 The idea for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
(VAWT) has been blowing around for
decades, but despite many advantages the
technology has so far attracted little interest.

 A major benefit of vertical-axis wind turbines

(VAWTs) compared with their (upwind)
horizontal counterparts (HAWTs) is that they
can draw wind from all directions while not
needing a yaw system.

 In addition, VAWT can be built lower, so they

are less visible and can withstand much
harsher environments and do not need to be
shut down when wind speeds exceed 64mph,
even the structures are claimed to withstand
speeds of up to 110mph.
 REFERENCES

1 Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhuang M. Improvement of the

aerodynamic performance of vertical axis wind
turbines with leading-edge serrations and helical
blades using CFD and Taguchi method. Energy
Convers Manage 2018;177:107–21.
2 Saeidi D, Sedaghat A, Alamdari P, Alemrajabi AA.
Aerodynamic design and economical evaluation of
site specific small vertical axis wind turbines. Appl
Energy 2013;101:765–75.
3 Kumar R, Raahemifar K, Fung AS. A critical review
of vertical axis wind
turbines for urban applications. Renew Sustain Energy
Rev 2018;89:281–91.
4 J. Chen, L. Chen, H. Xu, H. Yang, C. Ye, D. Liu,
Performance improvement of a vertical axis wind
turbine by comprehensive assessment of an airfoil
family, Energy 114 (2016) 318e331.
5 A. Betz. Das Maximum der theoretisch möglichen
Ausnützung des Windes durch Windmotoren. 1920.