MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D1

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 9
THIRD QUARTER/ WEEK 5/ DAY 1

OBJECTIVE: States and illustrate the fundamental theorems of proportionality.

LESSON FOR TODAY:

States and illustrate the fundamental theorems of proportionality.

TRY TO DISCOVER!

ACTIVITY 1:
Let us start this lesson with a simple riddle. Identify the number of triangles in the figure below.

Questions:
1. On the picture above, how many triangles you see in the picture?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Can you describe the triangles you see in the picture above? Do they have the same features?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D1

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

A ratio is a comparison between two numbers or quantities.

A proportion is an equation that shows two ratios are

equivalent

Fundamental Rule of proportion

𝑎 𝑐
If 𝑎: 𝑏 = 𝑐: 𝑑, then 𝑏 = 𝑑 provided that 𝑏 ≠ 0; 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑎 𝑐
Using the proportion 𝑏 = 𝑑 , provided that no term is zero, the following equations can be derived. These

equations are the properties of a proportion.

Properties of Proportion Example

𝑥 12
=
𝑎 𝑐 5 15
Cross-Multiplication Property If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then 𝑎: 𝑏 = 𝑐: 𝑑; 𝑏 ≠ 0; 𝑑 ≠ 0.
15𝑥 = 60
𝑥=4
𝑥 5
=
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 12 15
Alternation Property If = 𝑑, then = 𝑑 ; 𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑐 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏 𝑐 15𝑥 = 60
𝑥=4
5 15
=
𝑎 𝑐 𝑏 𝑑 𝑥 12
Inverse Property If = 𝑑, then 𝑎 = 𝑐 ; 𝑎 ≠ 0, 𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑐 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏 60 = 15𝑥
4=𝑥
𝑥+6 𝑥+4
=
𝑥−3 𝑥
𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 12
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎+𝑏 𝑐+𝑑
Addition Property If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then 𝑏
= 𝑑
;𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0 6𝑥 = 𝑥 − 12
5𝑥 = −12
12
𝑥=−
5
𝑥−6 𝑥−4
=
𝑥−3 𝑥
Subtraction Property
𝑎
If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then
𝑐 𝑎−𝑏
=
𝑐−𝑑
;𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 12
𝑏 𝑑
−6𝑥 = −7𝑥 − 12
𝑥 = 12

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D1

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

Let’s have some examples for the fundamental properties of proportion

Example 1:
Solve for the x in each proportion.
𝑥 15
4
= 20

20𝑥 = 60 Cross- Multiplication Property

20𝑥 60
= Divide both side by 20
20 20

𝑥=3

Example 2:
Solve for the x in each proportion.
𝑥+5 𝑥+4
=
𝑥+2 𝑥

𝑥 + 5𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 8
2
Cross – Multiplication Property
𝑥 2 − 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 = 6𝑥 + 8 Simplify it by subtracting first 𝑥 2
5𝑥 = 6𝑥 + 8
5𝑥 − 6𝑥 = 8 Transpose 6x to the other side, then simplify it
−𝑥 = 8 Divide both side to −1
−𝑥 8
=
−1 −1

𝑥 = −8
ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE?
Is today’s lesson clear to you? If not, go back to our discussion. Try to look the fundamental theorems of
proportionality, if our lesson is clear to you, then you are now ready to more practices… enjoy working and
learning!

PRACTICE EXERCISES 1:
DIRECTIONS: Find the value of the variable in each of the following.
𝑎 15
1. =
8 24

𝑔+3 56
2. 𝑔−2
= 21

𝑏 6
3. =
10 5

ℎ−1 3
4. ℎ+2
=4

18 3
5. 𝑐
=5

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D1

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

PRACTICE EXERCISES 2:
DIRECTIONS: Find the value of the indicated variable in each proportion.
𝑠 13
1. 22
= 26

15 45
2. 16
= 𝑖

2𝑝−6 2𝑝+3
3. 4
= 5

𝑦−5 2
4. 𝑦+3
=6

Let’s Recall!!

• A ratio is a comparison between two numbers or quantities.

• A proportion is an equation that shows two ratios are

Fundamental Rule of proportion

𝑎 𝑐
If 𝑎: 𝑏 = 𝑐: 𝑑, then 𝑏 = 𝑑 provided that 𝑏 ≠ 0; 𝑑 ≠ 0.

Properties of Proportion

𝑎 𝑐
Cross-Multiplication Property If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then 𝑎: 𝑏 = 𝑐: 𝑑; 𝑏 ≠ 0; 𝑑 ≠ 0.

𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏
Alternation Property If = 𝑑, then = 𝑑 ; 𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑐 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏 𝑐

𝑎 𝑐 𝑏 𝑑
Inverse Property If = 𝑑, then 𝑎 = 𝑐 ; 𝑎 ≠ 0, 𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑐 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏

𝑎 𝑐 𝑎+𝑏 𝑐+𝑑
Addition Property If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then 𝑏
= 𝑑
;𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0

𝑎 𝑐 𝑎−𝑏 𝑐−𝑑
Subtraction Property If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then 𝑏
= 𝑑
;𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D1

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

EVALUATION:
DIRECTIONS: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before each
number.

______1. It is a comparison between two numbers or quantities.

a. Proportion c. Exponent
b. Ratio d. Product
______2. Which proportion leads to the equation uy = vx?
𝑢 𝑣 𝑢+𝑦 𝑣+𝑥
a. 𝑥
=𝑦 c. =
𝑦 𝑥
𝑢 𝑣 𝑢 𝑦
b. 𝑦
=𝑥 d. =𝑥
𝑣
4 1
_______3. What is the value of x in = ?
𝑥 14

a. 48 c. 69
b. 56 d. 78
_______4. It an equation that shows two ratios are equivalent.
a. Proportion c. Exponent
b. Ratio d. Product
4𝑏+5 6
_______5. What is the value of a number in = ?
5𝑏−11 9

a. 18.5 c. 15.5
b. 17.3 d. 10.8

Prepared by:
Hanna G. Javier
Pasay City North High School – Tramo

References:
1. Grade 9 Mathematics Learners Material By: DepEd Materials pages 358 – 361.
2. E-Math By: Orlando Oronce and Marilyn O. Mendoza pages 326 – 330.
3. Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities By: Gladys C. Nivera,Ph.D. and Minie Rose C. Lapinid pages 284 – 290.

Page 5 of 20
 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D2

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 9
THIRD QUARTER/ WEEK 5/ DAY 2

OBJECTIVE: Applies the fundamental theorems of proportionality to solve problems involving proportions.

LESSON FOR TODAY:

Applies the fundamental theorems of proportionality to solve problems involving proportions.

ACTIVITY 1: HOW MANY I AM?

DIRECTIONS: Observe the figure below and answer the following questions.

Questions:
1. On the picture above, how many triangles you see in the picture?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Can you describe the triangles you see in the picture above? Do they have the same features?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Page 6 of 20
 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D2

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

A proportion is an equation that shows two ratios are equivalent

Fundamental Rule of proportion

𝑎 𝑐
If 𝑎: 𝑏 = 𝑐: 𝑑, then = provided that 𝑏 ≠ 0; 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏 𝑑
𝑎 𝑐
Using the proportion = , provided that no term is zero, the following equations can be derived. These
𝑏 𝑑

equations are the properties of a proportion.

Properties of Proportion Example

𝑥 12
=
𝑎 𝑐 5 15
Cross-Multiplication Property If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then 𝑎: 𝑏 = 𝑐: 𝑑; 𝑏 ≠ 0; 𝑑 ≠ 0.
15𝑥 = 60
𝑥=4
𝑥 5
=
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 12 15
Alternation Property If = 𝑑, then = 𝑑 ; 𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑐 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏 𝑐 15𝑥 = 60
𝑥=4
5 15
=
𝑎 𝑐 𝑏 𝑑 𝑥 12
Inverse Property If = 𝑑, then 𝑎 = 𝑐 ; 𝑎 ≠ 0, 𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑐 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏 60 = 15𝑥
4=𝑥
𝑥+6 𝑥+4
=
𝑥−3 𝑥
𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 12
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎+𝑏 𝑐+𝑑
Addition Property If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then 𝑏
= 𝑑
;𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0 6𝑥 = 𝑥 − 12
5𝑥 = −12
12
𝑥=−
5
𝑥−6 𝑥−4
=
𝑥−3 𝑥
Subtraction Property
𝑎
If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then
𝑐 𝑎−𝑏
=
𝑐−𝑑
;𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 12
𝑏 𝑑
−6𝑥 = −7𝑥 − 12
𝑥 = 12

Let’s have some examples for the fundamental properties of proportion

Example 1:
In a certain regular polygon, the measure of an interior angle and an exterior angle are in the ratio of 5:1.
Name the type of polygon.
Solution:
An interior angle and exterior angle of a polygon are supplementary. So, if x represents the measure of
an interior angle, the measure of its corresponding exterior angle is 180 – x.
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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D2

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

Hence, we have the proportion

5 𝑥
1
= 180−𝑥 Cross – Multiplication Property

900 − 5𝑥 = 𝑥 Transpose −5𝑥 to the other side

900 = 6𝑥 Divide both side by 6
900 6𝑥
= Simplify
6 6

150 = 𝑥
The measure of each angle of a regular n-gon is given by
(𝑛−2)180
𝑛
(𝑛−2)180
So, 𝑛
= 150 Multiply both side by n

180𝑛 − 360 = 150𝑛 Transpose 150𝑛 to the other side

30𝑛 = 360 Divide both side by 30
30𝑛 360
30
= 30

𝑛 = 12 ∴ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑔𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑑𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛.

Example 2:
Find the fourth term in a proportion if the first three terms are 12, 17, and 36, respectively.
Solution:
Let x be the fourth term of the proportion. So,
12 36
=
17 𝑥
Solve for x.
12 36
17
= 𝑥
Cross – Multiplication Property

12𝑥 = 612 Divide both side by 12

12𝑥 612
12
= 12
Simplify

𝑥 = 51
Example 3:
The measures of the three angles of a triangle are in the ratio of 2:3:4. Find the measure of each angle.
Solution:
Let 2𝑥, 3𝑥, and 4𝑥 represent the measure
𝟒𝒙
2𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 4𝑥 = 180°
9𝑥 = 180°
𝑥 = 20° ∴ 2𝑥 = 40°, 3𝑥 = 60°, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4𝑥 = 80° 𝟑𝒙 𝟐𝒙

ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE?

Is today’s lesson clear to you? If not, go back to our discussion. Try to look the fundamental theorems of
proportionality, if our lesson is clear to you, then you are now ready to more practices… enjoy working and
learning!

Page 8 of 20
 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D2

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

PRACTICE EXERCISES 1:
DIRECTIONS: Solve the following problems.
1. In a certain regular polygon, the measures of an interior angle and an exterior angle are in the ratio of
3:2. Name the type of polygon.

2. Find the fourth term in a proportion if the first terms are 18, 35, and 72 respectively.

3. If x is to 9 and 9 is to x, find x.

4. Find the fourth term in a proportion if the first terms are 15, 60, and 4 respectively.

PRACTICE EXERCISES 2:
DIRECTIONS: Solve the following problems.
1. In a photograph, Ezra is 9 cm tall and her brother Keith is 10 cm tall. Ezra’s actual height is 153 cm. what
is Keith’s actual height?

2. A “barbecued – spareribs” recipe that serves 4 people needs one kilo of pork spareribs. If you want to
prepare this dish for 20 people in a family gathering, how much pork spareribs do you need?

3. The measure of two complementary angles is in the ratio 2:7. Find the measure.

4. The angles in a triangle are in the ratio of 5:4:3. Find the measure of each angles.

Page 9 of 20
 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D2

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

Let’s Recall!!

Fundamental Rule of proportion

𝑎 𝑐
If 𝑎: 𝑏 = 𝑐: 𝑑, then 𝑏 = 𝑑 provided that 𝑏 ≠ 0; 𝑑 ≠ 0.

Properties of Proportion
𝑎 𝑐
Cross-Multiplication Property If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then 𝑎: 𝑏 = 𝑐: 𝑑; 𝑏 ≠ 0; 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏
Alternation Property If = 𝑑, then = 𝑑 ; 𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑐 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏 𝑐
𝑎 𝑐 𝑏 𝑑
Inverse Property If = 𝑑, then 𝑎 = 𝑐 ; 𝑎 ≠ 0, 𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑐 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎+𝑏 𝑐+𝑑
Addition Property If = , then = ;𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏 𝑑

𝑎 𝑐 𝑎−𝑏 𝑐−𝑑
Subtraction Property If 𝑏 = 𝑑, then 𝑏
= 𝑑
;𝑏 ≠ 0, 𝑑 ≠ 0

EVALUATION:
DIRECTIONS: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before
each number.
____1. On a scale drawing of a house with a scale of 1cm:2m, the length of the house is 2.25cm. Find the length
of the actual house.
a. 1.125 m c. 4.5 m
b. 112.5 cm d. 4.5 cm
____2. A house casts a shadow 168 cm long. At the same time, a light post cast a shadow 14 cm long. If the
light post is 84 cm high, how tall is the house?
a. 1008 cm c. 18 cm
b. 28 cm d. 7 cm
____3. It is a comparison between two number or equalities.
a. Proportion c. Exponent
b. Ratio d. Power
____4. The perimeter of a triangle is 60 cm and the lengths of its sides are in the ratio 6:5:4. Find the length of
the longest side.
a. 24 cm c. 16 cm
b. 20 cm d. 12 cm
____5. It an equation that shows two ratios are equivalent.
a. Proportion c. Exponent
b. Ratio d. Product

Prepared by:
Hanna G. Javier
Pasay City North High School – Tramo
References:
1. E-Math By: Orlando Oronce and Marilyn O. Mendoza pages 326 – 330.
2. Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities By: Gladys C. Nivera,Ph.D. and Minie Rose C. Lapinid pages 284 – 290.

Page 10 of 20
 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D3

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 9
THIRD QUARTER/ WEEK 5/ DAY 3

OBJECTIVE: Illustrates similarity of figures.

LESSON FOR TODAY:

Illustrates similarity of figures

ACTIVITY 1: SHAPES AND SIZES

DIRECTIONS: Observe the figure below and answer the following questions.

Questions:
1. What can you observe on the picture inside the box above?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Which pair of object has the same shape, the same size, or neither?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Similar Figures have the same shape. They may or may not have
the same size. Congruent figures have the same shape and the size.
Congruent figures are also similar figures.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D3

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

Definition
If two triangles are similar, then D If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹
F
a. The corresponding angles then, ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷, ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸, ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐹,
A
are congruent, and C 𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
and 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐸𝐹 = 𝐷𝐹.
b. The corresponding sides
are proportional. B E

Example 1:
If □SONG ~ □BEAT as shown below, then we can establish the following relationships.
O
4
∠𝑆 ≅ ∠𝐵 S 2 E
B
∠𝑂 ≅ ∠𝐸 3 4
8
6
∠𝑁 ≅ ∠𝐴, and T
5 A

∠𝐺 ≅ ∠𝑇 G
10 N
𝑆𝑂 𝑂𝑁 𝑁𝐺 𝑆𝐺 2 2
Also, 𝐵𝐸
= 𝐸𝐴
= 𝐴𝑇
= 𝐵𝑇
= 1
, where is the common ratio.
1

Theorem
Perimeters of Similar Polygons D If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹,
If two polygons are similar, then the F 𝐴𝐵+𝐵𝐶+𝐴𝐶
then, 𝐷𝐸+𝐸𝐹+𝐷𝐹
A
ratio of their perimeters is equal to C 𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
= 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐸𝐹 = 𝐷𝐹.
the ratio of their corresponding
sides.
B E

Example 2: M

In the figure, ∆𝐶𝐴𝑇~∆𝑀𝑁𝐺. C

a. Find the value of x. 8 10

16 x
b. Find the ratio of the perimeter of ∆𝐶𝐴𝑇
A T
9
to the perimeter of ∆𝑀𝑁𝐺.

N 18 G
Solution:
𝐶𝐴 𝐶𝑇
a. Because ∆𝐶𝐴𝑇~∆𝑀𝑁𝐺, 𝑀𝑁 = 𝑀𝐺.
8 10
16
= 𝑥
Replace CA with 8, MN with 16, CT with 10, and MG with x.

8𝑥 = 160 Cross – Multiplication Property

𝑥 = 20 Divide both side by 8.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D3

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

b. Using the Perimeter of Similar Polygons Theorem, the ratio of the perimeter of ∆𝐶𝐴𝑇 to the perimeter of
𝐶𝑇 𝐶𝐴 𝐴𝑇 1
∆𝑀𝑁𝐺 is = = = .
𝑀𝐺 𝑀𝑁 𝑁𝐺 2

Example 3:
In one of the promotions of a car company, a model car is built with the scale of 1:6. If the model is 15.5
inches long, what is the length of the actual car?

Solution:
1 15.5
=
16 𝑥
𝑥 = 16(15.5)
𝑥 = 248 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑠 ≈ 20.67 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑡

ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE?

Is today’s lesson clear to you? If not, go back to our discussion. Try to look the similarity of figures, if our lesson
is clear to you, then you are now ready to more practices… enjoy working and learning!

PRACTICE EXERCISES 1:
DIRECTIONS: Write A if the statement is always true, S if the statement is sometimes true, and N if the statement
is never true.

______1. Two rectangles are similar

______2. Two rhombi are similar.
______3. Two squares are similar.
______4. A quadrilateral is similar to a pentagon.
______5. A right triangle is similar to an equilateral triangle.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D3

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

PRACTICE EXERCISES 2: A
DIRECTIONS: Solve the following questions.
𝐻𝐹 3
Given: ∆𝐻𝐴𝐹~∆𝑀𝑈𝑁 and 𝑀𝑁 = 2. 27
9
1. Name all the pairs of corresponding sides.

H F
3
2. Name all pairs of corresponding angles.
U

3. If HA = 9, then MU = _____

M N
4. If AF = 27, then UN = _____ 2

5. If 𝑚∠𝐻 = 98, then ____ = 98.

ALWAYS REMEMBER!!!
Definition
If two triangles are similar, then D If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹
F
a. The corresponding angles then, ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷, ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸, ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐹,
A
are congruent, and C 𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
and 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐸𝐹 = 𝐷𝐹.
b. The corresponding sides
are proportional. B E

Theorem
Perimeters of Similar Polygons D If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹,
If two polygons are similar, then the F 𝐴𝐵+𝐵𝐶+𝐴𝐶
then, 𝐷𝐸+𝐸𝐹+𝐷𝐹
A
ratio of their perimeters is equal to C 𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
= 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐸𝐹 = 𝐷𝐹.
the ratio of their corresponding
sides.
B E

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D3

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

EVALUATION:
DIRECTIONS: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before
each number. T
______1. Which pairs of triangles are similar? I

18 7
a. ∆𝑆𝑇𝐺~∆𝑅𝐴𝐺 c. ∆𝑆𝑇𝐺~∆𝑅𝐼𝐻 A
b. ∆𝑅𝐴𝐺~∆𝑅𝐼𝐻 d. ∆𝑆𝑇𝐺~∆𝐼𝑅𝐻 3
______2. Which of the following pairs of triangles are similar? S R 4 G 16 H
20
a. c. 𝟓𝟎°

𝟓𝟎° 𝟒𝟖° 𝟖𝟖°

3 9
b. d.
4 12

For numbers 3 – 4 A

C B
______3. Which similarity statement refers to the triangles given?
a. ∆𝐴𝐶𝐷~∆𝐴𝐶𝐵 c. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐶𝐷𝐵
b. ∆𝐶𝐷𝐵~∆𝐴𝐷𝐶 d. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐴𝐷𝐶
______4. Which of the following is NOT a proportion for the given similar triangles?
𝐴𝐷 𝐶𝐷 𝐴𝐵 𝐶𝐵
a. 𝐶𝐷
= 𝐵𝐷 c. 𝐶𝐵
= 𝐷𝐵
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶 𝐴𝐷 𝐵𝐷
b. 𝐴𝐶
= 𝐴𝐷 d. 𝐵𝐷
= 𝐴𝐶

______5. Given the measure of ∆𝑀𝑁𝐺~∆𝐶𝐴𝑇 find the value of x.

M
C
x 8 10
16

A T
N G 9
18
a. 10 c. 30
b. 20 d. 40

Prepared by:
Hanna G. Javier
Pasay City North High School – Tramo
References:
1. E-Math By: Orlando Oronce and Marilyn O. Mendoza pages 326 – 330.
2. Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities By: Gladys C. Nivera,Ph.D. and Minie Rose C. Lapinid pages 284 – 290.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D4

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 9
THIRD QUARTER/ WEEK 5/ DAY 4

OBJECTIVE: Proves SAS similarity theorem.

LESSON FOR TODAY:

Proves SAS similarity theorem.

ACTIVITY 1: PICTURE ME OUT

DIRECTIONS: Observe the picture below and answer the following questions.

QUESTIONS

1. What can you observe in the picture above?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

2. How do you relate the picture above in the congruence of a triangle?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D4

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

Included Angle is the angle between two side of a triangle.

Included Side is the side common to two angles of a triangle.
S
In ∆𝑆𝑂𝑁
∠𝑆 is an included angle between ̅̅̅̅
𝑆𝑁 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑆𝑂.
∠𝑂 is an included angle between ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑆 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑁.
∠𝑁 is an included angle between ̅̅̅̅
𝑁𝑆 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑁𝑂.

O ̅̅̅̅
𝑆𝑂 is an included side between ∠𝑆 and ∠𝑂.
̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑁 is an included side between ∠𝑂 and ∠𝑁.
̅̅̅̅ is an included side between ∠𝑆 and ∠𝑁.
𝑆𝑁
N
Theorem
The SAS Similarity Theorem
If the two sides of one triangle are A 𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶
D If 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐸𝐹
proportional to the corresponding 1
and ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸,
two sides of another triangle and B 1.5 C
then
2
their respective included angles
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹
are congruent, then the triangle
are similar. E F
3

Example 1:
Are the two triangles similar? Justify your answer.

L R

10 15

𝟑𝟎° 𝟑𝟎°
O V Y C
12 18
Solution:
𝐿𝑉 10 2 𝐿𝑉 𝑂𝑉 2
= 15 = 3 = =3
𝑅𝑌 𝑅𝑌 𝐶𝑌

𝑂𝑉 12 2
= 18 = 3 ∴ 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙.
𝐶𝑌

𝑚∠𝑉 = 30° = 𝑚∠𝑌 ∴ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡.

∴ ∆𝐿𝑂𝑉 ≅ ∆𝑅𝐶𝑌 𝑏𝑦 𝑺𝑨𝑺 𝑺𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒆𝒎.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D4

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

Example 2:
Are the two triangles similar? Justify your answer.
L R

8 12

𝟑𝟎° 𝟑𝟎°
O V Y C
14 21
Solution:
𝐿𝑉 8 2 𝐿𝑉 𝑂𝑉 2
= 12 = 3 = =3
𝑅𝑌 𝑅𝑌 𝐶𝑌

𝑂𝑉 14 2
= 21 = 3 ∴ 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙.
𝐶𝑌

𝑚∠𝑉 = 30° = 𝑚∠𝑌 ∴ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡.

∴ ∆𝐿𝑂𝑉 ≅ ∆𝑅𝐶𝑌 𝑏𝑦 𝑺𝑨𝑺 𝑺𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒆𝒎.

ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE?

Is today’s lesson clear to you? If not, go back to our discussion. Try to look on how proves SAS similarity theorem,
if our lesson is clear to you, then you are now ready to more practices… enjoy working and learning!

PRACTICE EXERCISES 1:
DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions below.
Given ∆𝐹𝑂𝑅 F

R
1. What is the included angle between 𝐹𝑂 and ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ 𝑂𝑅?

̅̅̅̅?
̅̅̅̅ and 𝑅𝑂
2. What is the included angle between 𝐹𝑅

3. What is the included side between ∠𝐹 and ∠𝑅?

4. What is the included side between ∠𝑂 and ∠𝑅?

5. What is the included side between ∠𝐹 and ∠𝑂?

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D4

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

PRACTICE EXERCISES 2
DIRECTIONS: Solve the following problem.
Are the two triangles similar? Justify your answer.

G
15
T
S
12
8
10 𝟕𝟓°
U N
𝟕𝟓°

ALWAYS REMEMBER!!!
Theorem
The SAS Similarity Theorem
If the two sides of one triangle are A 𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶
D If 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐸𝐹
proportional to the corresponding 1
and ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸,
two sides of another triangle and B 1.5 C
then
2
their respective included angles
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝐷𝐸𝐹
are congruent, then the triangle
are similar. E F

Page 19 of 20
 MODULE CODE: PASAY-M9-Q3-W5-D4

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Name of Teacher: _______________________________________ Section : ___________________

EVALUATION
DIRECTIONS: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before
each number.

_______1. If the two sides of one triangle are proportional to the corresponding two sides of another triangle
and their respective included angles are congruent, then the triangle are similar.
a. SAS Similarity Theorem c. Included Angle
b. Included Side d. Angles

For numbers 2 – 4,
I A

𝟕𝟎°

B G F T

_______2. In the figure, which triangle is congruent to ∆𝐵𝐼𝐺?

a. ∆𝑇𝐴𝐹 c. ∆𝐹𝐴𝑇
b. ∆𝐴𝑇𝐹 d. ∆𝐹𝑇𝐴
̅?
______3. In the figure, which side is congruent to 𝐼𝑆
̅
a. 𝐼𝑆 c. ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝐴
b. ̅̅̅
𝐵𝐼 d. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝑇
______4. If ∠𝐼 = 70°, then which angle is congruent to ∠𝐼?
a. ∠𝐵 c. ∠𝑇
b. ∠𝐴 d. ∠𝐹
______5. It is an angle between two sides of the triangle.
a. Sides c. Included Angle
b. Included Side d. Angles

Prepared by:
Hanna G. Javier
Pasay City North High School – Tramo
References:
1. E-Math By: Orlando Oronce and Marilyn O. Mendoza pages 353 – 360.
2. Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities By: Gladys C. Nivera,Ph.D. and Minie Rose C. Lapinid pages 284 – 290.

Page 20 of 20